This document discusses formwork, which is a mould used to contain and shape concrete until it hardens. Formwork is commonly made from timber or steel. It must be strong enough to support the weight of wet concrete and other loads without excessive deflection. Proper formwork design considers containment, strength, water tightness, accuracy, ease of handling, finish quality, and cost. The document describes formwork requirements and objectives, as well as details for common structural elements like walls, columns, beams, slabs, stairs, and removal procedures.
Formwork is temporary mould used to contain and shape wet concrete until it hardens. It is usually made of wood like plywood and timber. Proper formwork is strong, rigid, leak-proof and allows concrete to be easily placed and compacted. It must be inspected before each pour to ensure it will not deflect or collapse under the weight of wet concrete. Release agents are applied to formwork surfaces to ensure concrete does not stick when forms are removed.
This document discusses structural steel construction methods. It describes how structural steel members like beams, columns, girders, and trusses are erected and secured together to form structural frameworks. It discusses different construction methods like beam and column construction, long span construction, and wall bearing construction. It also covers structural steel components like pre-engineered metal buildings, open web steel joists, bridging, braces, and tie rods. Additionally, it discusses fastening systems using bolts and welds and metal decking and paneling used in construction.
Joints are easy to maintain and are less detrimental than uncontrolled or uneven cracks. Concrete expands & shrinks with variations in moisture and temp. The overall affinity is to shrink and this can cause cracking at an early age. Uneven cracks are unpleasant and difficult to maintain but usually do not affect the integrity of concrete.
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This document defines formwork and its requirements, categories, types of materials used, and construction process. Formwork is a temporary mold into which concrete is poured and shaped. It must be strong enough to support the weight of wet concrete and loads. There are traditional, engineered, and modern modular types. Common materials are timber, steel, plastic, and aluminum. Proper construction and removal of formwork is important for quality, safety, and economy of concrete structures.
Concrete is a widely used construction material made by mixing cement, water, and aggregates. It has several advantages including being economical, able to harden at ambient temperatures, and provide excellent water resistance. There are various types of concrete including plain concrete, lightweight concrete, reinforced concrete, precast concrete, and prestressed concrete. Each type has different properties making it suitable for different applications in structures like buildings, bridges, roads, and more. Reinforced concrete adds steel reinforcement to provide high tensile strength, while precast concrete involves casting concrete elements off-site.
This document provides an overview of steel structures. It defines steel as an alloy of iron with carbon and other elements. It then discusses the classification of steels based on carbon content and introduces the basic components of structures like beams and columns. The document outlines the advantages of steel structures such as lower costs, strength, recyclability, and flexibility. It also notes some disadvantages like maintenance costs and reduced strength in fires. Finally, it discusses common steel sections, connection types, and provides examples of famous steel buildings.
Formwork refers to the temporary structure used to support wet concrete until it is cured. There are different types of formwork including wood and steel. Wood formwork uses props, planks, battens and sheeting while steel uses sheets, angles and tees. Formwork must be strong, waterproof, and allow concrete to harden to the required strength before removal. The timing of removal depends on concrete mix design and weather conditions. Formwork is an important part of concrete construction and can account for 20-60% of the total concrete cost.
Formwork is a temporary mold into which concrete is poured and shaped. It must be strong enough to support the weight of wet concrete and construction loads. Common materials for formwork include timber, steel, plastic, and aluminum. Proper construction and removal of formwork is important for quality, safety, and economy of concrete structures. Failure to properly brace, support, or remove formwork can lead to collapse during construction.
Formwork is temporary mould used to contain and shape wet concrete until it hardens. It is usually made of wood like plywood and timber. Proper formwork is strong, rigid, leak-proof and allows concrete to be easily placed and compacted. It must be inspected before each pour to ensure it will not deflect or collapse under the weight of wet concrete. Release agents are applied to formwork surfaces to ensure concrete does not stick when forms are removed.
This document discusses structural steel construction methods. It describes how structural steel members like beams, columns, girders, and trusses are erected and secured together to form structural frameworks. It discusses different construction methods like beam and column construction, long span construction, and wall bearing construction. It also covers structural steel components like pre-engineered metal buildings, open web steel joists, bridging, braces, and tie rods. Additionally, it discusses fastening systems using bolts and welds and metal decking and paneling used in construction.
Joints are easy to maintain and are less detrimental than uncontrolled or uneven cracks. Concrete expands & shrinks with variations in moisture and temp. The overall affinity is to shrink and this can cause cracking at an early age. Uneven cracks are unpleasant and difficult to maintain but usually do not affect the integrity of concrete.
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This document defines formwork and its requirements, categories, types of materials used, and construction process. Formwork is a temporary mold into which concrete is poured and shaped. It must be strong enough to support the weight of wet concrete and loads. There are traditional, engineered, and modern modular types. Common materials are timber, steel, plastic, and aluminum. Proper construction and removal of formwork is important for quality, safety, and economy of concrete structures.
Concrete is a widely used construction material made by mixing cement, water, and aggregates. It has several advantages including being economical, able to harden at ambient temperatures, and provide excellent water resistance. There are various types of concrete including plain concrete, lightweight concrete, reinforced concrete, precast concrete, and prestressed concrete. Each type has different properties making it suitable for different applications in structures like buildings, bridges, roads, and more. Reinforced concrete adds steel reinforcement to provide high tensile strength, while precast concrete involves casting concrete elements off-site.
This document provides an overview of steel structures. It defines steel as an alloy of iron with carbon and other elements. It then discusses the classification of steels based on carbon content and introduces the basic components of structures like beams and columns. The document outlines the advantages of steel structures such as lower costs, strength, recyclability, and flexibility. It also notes some disadvantages like maintenance costs and reduced strength in fires. Finally, it discusses common steel sections, connection types, and provides examples of famous steel buildings.
Formwork refers to the temporary structure used to support wet concrete until it is cured. There are different types of formwork including wood and steel. Wood formwork uses props, planks, battens and sheeting while steel uses sheets, angles and tees. Formwork must be strong, waterproof, and allow concrete to harden to the required strength before removal. The timing of removal depends on concrete mix design and weather conditions. Formwork is an important part of concrete construction and can account for 20-60% of the total concrete cost.
Formwork is a temporary mold into which concrete is poured and shaped. It must be strong enough to support the weight of wet concrete and construction loads. Common materials for formwork include timber, steel, plastic, and aluminum. Proper construction and removal of formwork is important for quality, safety, and economy of concrete structures. Failure to properly brace, support, or remove formwork can lead to collapse during construction.
Covers basic definition of formwork, material used, qualities of good formwork, cleaning and treatment, and stripping time for formwork. Intended for undergraduate students of civil engineering.
The document discusses the different types of shrinkage that can occur in concrete, including plastic shrinkage, drying shrinkage, autogenous shrinkage, and carbonation shrinkage. Plastic shrinkage causes cracks on the surface of fresh concrete due to evaporation before setting. Drying shrinkage is defined as the contraction of hardened concrete from the loss of capillary water, which can lead to cracking, warping, and deflection without any external loading. In summary, the document outlines the main types of volume changes and shrinkage that concrete undergoes both during the plastic and hardened states.
This document discusses prefabrication in construction. Prefabrication involves assembling components of a structure in a factory then transporting them to the construction site. It has advantages like reduced cost, time, and waste and allows work during poor weather. Common prefabricated components include columns, beams, waffle floors/roofs which are cast and cured off-site then erected using cranes. While prefabrication offers benefits, it also has disadvantages like potential breakage during transport and need for specialized equipment and labor. The document concludes that partial prefabrication is well-suited for Indian conditions.
This presentation provides an overview of formwork, which is the mould used to support wet concrete until it cures. It discusses the requirements of good formwork including strength, rigidity, tight joints, and ease of removal. The economics of formwork are also covered, noting it can account for 30-100% of concrete costs depending on the project. The main types of formwork are then described - timber, steel, plywood, aluminum and plastic. Advantages and disadvantages of each type are listed. Construction details like propping, centering and stripping times are also summarized.
Scaffolding, underepinning and shoringlaxman singh
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This document provides information about building construction components and their functions. It discusses the classification of buildings based on occupancy and structure, including residential, educational, and industrial buildings. It also describes the different types of building loads like dead, live, wind, and earthquake loads. The key building components are foundations and superstructure. Foundations can be shallow like spread footings or deep like pile foundations, and transfer load from the superstructure to the soil.
The document discusses structural steel, including its composition, properties, types, and applications in construction. It describes how steel is made from iron with added elements, and its varying properties based on carbon content. The types discussed are mild steel, medium carbon steel, and high carbon steel. Common structural steel applications mentioned include beams, columns, trusses, and framing for buildings like airports and stadiums.
It is used as a mould for a structure in which fresh concrete is poured only to harden subsequently.
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This document discusses bridge expansion joints. It begins by explaining that expansion joints accommodate movements in bridges due to thermal effects, loading, and structural deformation. It then categorizes joints based on their range of motion and provides examples of common joint types for small, medium, and large movements. Details are given on the construction, advantages, and disadvantages of sliding plate, compression seal, asphaltic plug, poured sealant, strip seal, finger plate, bolt-down, and modular joints. The document concludes with information on installing finger joints and maintaining expansion joints.
Formwork is a temporary mold used to contain and shape wet concrete until it is cured, and gain sufficient strength to support its own weight. It is commonly made from timber or steel. Formwork must balance requirements like containment, strength, resistance to leakage, accuracy, ease of handling, finish, access for concrete, and economy. It is designed according to factors like the loads it will support, type of structure being built, and materials used. Formwork goes through stages of assembly, concrete placement, and stripping. Proper design, construction, and maintenance of formwork is important to produce high quality, safe concrete structures economically.
The document discusses the repair and rehabilitation of deteriorated concrete structures. It provides information on:
1) The main causes of concrete deterioration including corrosion of steel reinforcement from chlorides or carbonation, poor quality concrete, and environmental factors.
2) The stages of condition survey to evaluate deterioration including preliminary inspection, planning, visual inspection, and field/laboratory testing on representative structural elements.
3) Common defects observed in concrete like cracks, staining, and evidence of chemical reactions or corrosion of reinforcement.
Precast concrete construction involves casting concrete structural elements at a manufacturing facility rather than on site. This allows for rapid construction, high quality control, and easy incorporation of prestressing. Precast concrete provides advantages like speed of erection, durability, and economy, but also has disadvantages such as weight, limited flexibility in design, and need for skilled workmanship and lifting equipment on site. Common precast concrete elements include walls, slabs, beams, and structural framing using techniques like welded plates and rebar splicing.
The presentation includes difference between repair, retrofitting and rehabilitation. methods of repairs, repair materials, various methods for retrofitting etc.
Concrete is a composite material made by binding aggregates with a cement paste. It comes in various types depending on the binding material (cement or lime) and purpose (plain, reinforced, pre-stressed). Good concrete has strength, durability, density, water tightness, workability and resistance to wear and tear. Proper mixing, placing, compaction and curing are required to develop these qualities in concrete.
The document discusses slip form construction, a method where concrete is poured into a continuously moving form. There are two main types - vertical forms that move upwards, and horizontal forms that move horizontally. Slip forming allows for continuous, jointless concrete structures and reduces construction time compared to traditional formwork. It requires careful planning of the construction process to achieve high productivity while ensuring safety.
Techniques for various structural repairUdayram Patil
Structural damage is crucial to safety. Proper remedial measures should always taken to avoid measure loss. This presentation provided various measure to repair structural damage.
This presentation discusses jump formwork, a type of temporary structure used to support wet concrete for vertical elements of buildings under construction. Jump formwork, also called climbing formwork, allows construction to proceed more quickly by lifting pre-assembled formwork sections to subsequent floors as concrete cures. The presentation covers the design, classification, processes, safety and sustainability aspects of jump formwork systems. It emphasizes that careful planning and coordination is required to efficiently and safely erect self-climbing jump forms on high-rise structures.
Formwork is a temporary mold used to contain and shape wet concrete until it hardens. It is commonly made from timber or steel. Formwork must balance requirements like containment, strength, resistance to leakage, accuracy, ease of handling, finish, access for concrete, and economy. It must safely support the weight of wet concrete and other loads until the concrete sets. Formwork design considers quality, safety, and minimizing costs through reuse. Forms are designed according to intended structural elements like walls, columns, beams, slabs, stairs, and more.
This presentation discusses formwork construction techniques. Formwork is a temporary mold used to contain and shape wet concrete until it hardens. It must be strong enough to support the weight of wet concrete and other loads. Common materials for formwork include timber and steel. Proper formwork design considers containment, strength, leakage resistance, accuracy, ease of handling, finish, access for concrete, and economy. Formwork is used for walls, columns, slabs, beams, stairs, chimneys, and other structural elements. Factors that influence when formwork can be removed include cement type, concrete mix ratio, and weather conditions. Maintenance and costs of formwork are also discussed.
Covers basic definition of formwork, material used, qualities of good formwork, cleaning and treatment, and stripping time for formwork. Intended for undergraduate students of civil engineering.
The document discusses the different types of shrinkage that can occur in concrete, including plastic shrinkage, drying shrinkage, autogenous shrinkage, and carbonation shrinkage. Plastic shrinkage causes cracks on the surface of fresh concrete due to evaporation before setting. Drying shrinkage is defined as the contraction of hardened concrete from the loss of capillary water, which can lead to cracking, warping, and deflection without any external loading. In summary, the document outlines the main types of volume changes and shrinkage that concrete undergoes both during the plastic and hardened states.
This document discusses prefabrication in construction. Prefabrication involves assembling components of a structure in a factory then transporting them to the construction site. It has advantages like reduced cost, time, and waste and allows work during poor weather. Common prefabricated components include columns, beams, waffle floors/roofs which are cast and cured off-site then erected using cranes. While prefabrication offers benefits, it also has disadvantages like potential breakage during transport and need for specialized equipment and labor. The document concludes that partial prefabrication is well-suited for Indian conditions.
This presentation provides an overview of formwork, which is the mould used to support wet concrete until it cures. It discusses the requirements of good formwork including strength, rigidity, tight joints, and ease of removal. The economics of formwork are also covered, noting it can account for 30-100% of concrete costs depending on the project. The main types of formwork are then described - timber, steel, plywood, aluminum and plastic. Advantages and disadvantages of each type are listed. Construction details like propping, centering and stripping times are also summarized.
Scaffolding, underepinning and shoringlaxman singh
i have made all the slide according to poly diploma and BTech
this chennal is gold for poly diploma and BTech students.
follow me for all updates and i will help u in make a quality of notes
if u have any doubt fell free to ask on comment section i will reply as fast as a cheeta
I love to interact with you all.
aluminum scaffolding
scaffolding wikipedia
types of scaffolding pictures
types of scaffolding
scaffolding components diagram
type of scaffolding in construction
mason scaffolding diagrams
types of masonry scaffolding
scaffold parts diagram
parts of scaffolding system
types of scaffolding systems
types of scaffolding systems
scaffolding types with diagram
scaffolding types & design
scaffolding types construction
baker type scaffolding
types of masonry scaffolding
types of scaffolds in education
This document provides information about building construction components and their functions. It discusses the classification of buildings based on occupancy and structure, including residential, educational, and industrial buildings. It also describes the different types of building loads like dead, live, wind, and earthquake loads. The key building components are foundations and superstructure. Foundations can be shallow like spread footings or deep like pile foundations, and transfer load from the superstructure to the soil.
The document discusses structural steel, including its composition, properties, types, and applications in construction. It describes how steel is made from iron with added elements, and its varying properties based on carbon content. The types discussed are mild steel, medium carbon steel, and high carbon steel. Common structural steel applications mentioned include beams, columns, trusses, and framing for buildings like airports and stadiums.
It is used as a mould for a structure in which fresh concrete is poured only to harden subsequently.
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This document discusses bridge expansion joints. It begins by explaining that expansion joints accommodate movements in bridges due to thermal effects, loading, and structural deformation. It then categorizes joints based on their range of motion and provides examples of common joint types for small, medium, and large movements. Details are given on the construction, advantages, and disadvantages of sliding plate, compression seal, asphaltic plug, poured sealant, strip seal, finger plate, bolt-down, and modular joints. The document concludes with information on installing finger joints and maintaining expansion joints.
Formwork is a temporary mold used to contain and shape wet concrete until it is cured, and gain sufficient strength to support its own weight. It is commonly made from timber or steel. Formwork must balance requirements like containment, strength, resistance to leakage, accuracy, ease of handling, finish, access for concrete, and economy. It is designed according to factors like the loads it will support, type of structure being built, and materials used. Formwork goes through stages of assembly, concrete placement, and stripping. Proper design, construction, and maintenance of formwork is important to produce high quality, safe concrete structures economically.
The document discusses the repair and rehabilitation of deteriorated concrete structures. It provides information on:
1) The main causes of concrete deterioration including corrosion of steel reinforcement from chlorides or carbonation, poor quality concrete, and environmental factors.
2) The stages of condition survey to evaluate deterioration including preliminary inspection, planning, visual inspection, and field/laboratory testing on representative structural elements.
3) Common defects observed in concrete like cracks, staining, and evidence of chemical reactions or corrosion of reinforcement.
Precast concrete construction involves casting concrete structural elements at a manufacturing facility rather than on site. This allows for rapid construction, high quality control, and easy incorporation of prestressing. Precast concrete provides advantages like speed of erection, durability, and economy, but also has disadvantages such as weight, limited flexibility in design, and need for skilled workmanship and lifting equipment on site. Common precast concrete elements include walls, slabs, beams, and structural framing using techniques like welded plates and rebar splicing.
The presentation includes difference between repair, retrofitting and rehabilitation. methods of repairs, repair materials, various methods for retrofitting etc.
Concrete is a composite material made by binding aggregates with a cement paste. It comes in various types depending on the binding material (cement or lime) and purpose (plain, reinforced, pre-stressed). Good concrete has strength, durability, density, water tightness, workability and resistance to wear and tear. Proper mixing, placing, compaction and curing are required to develop these qualities in concrete.
The document discusses slip form construction, a method where concrete is poured into a continuously moving form. There are two main types - vertical forms that move upwards, and horizontal forms that move horizontally. Slip forming allows for continuous, jointless concrete structures and reduces construction time compared to traditional formwork. It requires careful planning of the construction process to achieve high productivity while ensuring safety.
Techniques for various structural repairUdayram Patil
Structural damage is crucial to safety. Proper remedial measures should always taken to avoid measure loss. This presentation provided various measure to repair structural damage.
This presentation discusses jump formwork, a type of temporary structure used to support wet concrete for vertical elements of buildings under construction. Jump formwork, also called climbing formwork, allows construction to proceed more quickly by lifting pre-assembled formwork sections to subsequent floors as concrete cures. The presentation covers the design, classification, processes, safety and sustainability aspects of jump formwork systems. It emphasizes that careful planning and coordination is required to efficiently and safely erect self-climbing jump forms on high-rise structures.
Formwork is a temporary mold used to contain and shape wet concrete until it hardens. It is commonly made from timber or steel. Formwork must balance requirements like containment, strength, resistance to leakage, accuracy, ease of handling, finish, access for concrete, and economy. It must safely support the weight of wet concrete and other loads until the concrete sets. Formwork design considers quality, safety, and minimizing costs through reuse. Forms are designed according to intended structural elements like walls, columns, beams, slabs, stairs, and more.
This presentation discusses formwork construction techniques. Formwork is a temporary mold used to contain and shape wet concrete until it hardens. It must be strong enough to support the weight of wet concrete and other loads. Common materials for formwork include timber and steel. Proper formwork design considers containment, strength, leakage resistance, accuracy, ease of handling, finish, access for concrete, and economy. Formwork is used for walls, columns, slabs, beams, stairs, chimneys, and other structural elements. Factors that influence when formwork can be removed include cement type, concrete mix ratio, and weather conditions. Maintenance and costs of formwork are also discussed.
Formwork(Shuttering), Importance, Qualities of Formwork,types,Major objectives considered in formwork, Requirements of formwork,Formwork for Wall,Formwork for Column,Formwork for Slabs & beams ,Lintel or Beam Formwork, FORMWORK FOR SLAB,FORMWORK FOR STAIRS,FORMWORK FOR SPIRAL STAIRS,FORMWORK FOR CHIMNEYS,Removal of formwork,Time of Removal of formwork,Comparison between Steel and Timber Formwork,Cantilever slab,Maintenance of formwork,Cost of formwork,Advantages of steel form work,LOADS ON FORMWORK
Formwork is a temporary structure used to support wet concrete until it cures and can support itself. It is usually constructed from wood or steel. Formwork must be strong yet easy to assemble and disassemble. It must safely support the weight of wet concrete without leaking or allowing deflection. Formwork is designed according to factors like the concrete mix design, structural member shape, loading conditions, and required surface finish. Formwork is an important but costly part of concrete construction.
Formwork is used to pour concrete into molds to form structures. It can be made from steel, wood, aluminum, or prefabricated forms. Good formwork is easy to remove, economical, leak-proof, rigid, durable, and provides smooth concrete surfaces. Formwork design considers categories like conventional, modern panel systems, and prefabricated modular systems. Steel, plywood, plastic, and aluminum are common materials. Proper bracing and erection sequences are needed to construct columns, beams, walls, stairs, and avoid failures during pouring.
Formwork is a temporary mold used to contain poured concrete until it cures and can support itself. It needs to be strong enough to support the weight of wet concrete and withstand pouring and compaction loads. New materials like steel and plastics are now used for formwork in addition to wood. Slipforming allows for continuous vertical pouring of concrete structures like building cores without relying on external support, by using a formwork that rises slowly on its own as concrete is added.
This document provides information on formwork used in concrete construction. It defines formwork and lists its common materials as steel and wood. It describes the major objectives in formwork as quality, safety, and economy. It discusses the various types of formwork including temporary and permanent structures. It also provides details on formwork for different structural elements like walls, columns, slabs, beams, stairs, and chimneys. Finally, it covers topics like requirements, loads, design, and maintenance of formwork.
Formwork is a temporary structure used to hold wet concrete in desired shape until it hardens. It is classified based on size, material, and operation. Requirements include strength, water resistance, smooth surfaces. Common formwork includes foundations, walls, columns, slabs, beams, stairs using timber, steel, aluminum, plastic. Removal timing depends on concrete type. Cost is 30-60% of concrete cost. Advanced systems like REVOLA and LOGICA use steel/plywood/polymer facing for crane-lifted walls and columns, withstanding high pressures.
A presentation with exhaustive information about the general idea of formwork, the various types, the newest introductions and a comparative study between the conventional and modern-day formwork.
It also includes the study of causes of failure of formwork and the safety measures to be taken for preventing failure.
Formwork Presentation for Construction TechnologyI'mMiss Lily
1. Formwork refers to the temporary structure used to support wet concrete until it is cured and can support itself. Common materials used include wood, steel, aluminum, plastic and plywood.
2. A good formwork must be water tight, strong, and reusable while also considering factors like quality, safety, and economy. It must be able to withstand loads, retain its shape, and be removed without damaging the concrete.
3. Different types of formworks are used for columns, beams, slabs, and other structural elements. Column formwork typically consists of side and end planks joined by yokes and bolts. Beam formworks use thick timber or plywood and are supported by props.
Formwork is used to support wet concrete until it cures and can support itself. It must be strong yet allow concrete to be placed accurately to shape. Common materials include timber, plywood, steel, aluminum and plastics. Proper formwork design considers strength, containment, leakage prevention, finish quality, and economics. Specialized formwork like climbing, sliding, and tunnel forms improve efficiency for structures like walls, columns, and buildings. Proper formwork selection and construction is essential for quality, safety, and cost-effectiveness in concrete projects.
This document provides information on formwork used for constructing concrete structures. It discusses the different types of formwork including wooden, plywood, steel and combined forms. It also describes requirements for proper formwork like being waterproof and strong enough to support loads. Common formwork systems are described for columns, beams, slabs, stairs and walls. Standards for stripping formwork from concrete structures are also outlined according to the Indian Standard code.
Formwork is used to create structures out of concrete that is poured into molds. It can be made from materials like steel, wood, aluminum, or prefabricated forms. Construction of formwork takes up 20-25% of total structure costs and involves supporting structures and molds. Proper formwork is designed to be easily removable, economical, leakproof, durable, rigid, provide smooth surfaces, be strong, and have adequate supports. Common types include conventional timber formwork, engineered prefabricated formwork, and modern systems like flying forms. Materials used include steel, plywood, plastic, and aluminum. Proper bracing and construction is needed to avoid failures from improper stripping, inadequate bracing, vibration
The document discusses steel formwork used for constructing concrete structures. Steel formwork consists of panels made from steel plates reinforced with steel angles. It has advantages over wooden formwork like strength, durability, and producing a smooth concrete surface. The time required to remove formwork depends on factors like cement type and weather conditions. Steel formwork requires maintenance like leveling plates but can be reused numerous times on projects.
Formwork is used as a temporary mold for pouring concrete that will harden into the desired structural shape. There are various types of formwork classified by material (timber, plywood, steel, aluminum, plastic, magnesium) or purpose (slab formwork, beam formwork, column formwork). Proper formwork design is important to withstand loads, retain shape, prevent leakage, and allow removal without damage to concrete. The order and method of removing formwork is also important for safety.
All you need to know about Construction FormworkAnkit Singhai
Formwork is temporary structure used to support and contain wet concrete until it hardens. It molds the concrete into the desired shape and controls its position. Formwork materials include lumber, plywood, steel, and plastics. Proper formwork design can significantly reduce construction costs. Formwork accounts for a large portion of the total cost of a concrete structure.
This document provides information on casting processes and pattern making. It begins with an introduction and overview of casting classification and types of production systems. It then discusses specific casting processes like sand casting and rolling. Key factors for selecting a production process are outlined. The document also defines important terms in casting, describes the basic steps of making a casting, and lists common products made through casting. It discusses the casting process in detail, provides examples of components produced through casting, and notes advantages and limitations. Finally, it introduces pattern making, comparing patterns to castings, listing pattern functions and materials, and describing common pattern allowances.
The document provides information about formwork, which is a temporary structure used to support wet concrete until it is cured. It defines formwork and discusses its qualities, types, details for different structural elements, installation and removal times. It also addresses the costs associated with formwork and advantages of steel formwork over wood. Scaffolding, shoring and underpinning methods - which are also temporary structures - are briefly defined.
This document provides information on various canal structures, including regulation works like canal falls, head regulators, cross regulators, canal escapes and outlets. It describes the purpose and design of a canal fall, including the different types of falls. It also discusses canal escapes, their purposes as safety valves and types including surplus escapes, tail escapes and scouring escapes. Finally, it summarizes the purpose and typical construction of head regulators and cross regulators.
This document discusses the key components and characteristics of paints used for building construction. It describes how paints are composed of pigments, binders, and other constituents that form a protective coating on surfaces. The document outlines the ideal characteristics of a paint, such as forming a hard, durable surface while being inexpensive and easy to apply. It also examines the different types of bases, vehicles, driers, pigments, solvents, and paints used for various construction applications.
The document discusses different types of lintels and arches used in building construction. It describes lintels as horizontal structural members placed across openings to support the structure above. Various lintel materials include timber, stone, brick, reinforced brick, steel, and reinforced concrete. Arches are structures that span openings and support weight below through arch action. Key arch types include flat, semi-circular, segmental, relieving, parabolic, and others defined by their geometric shape. Arches are classified based on materials like brick, stone, concrete, metal and wood. Factors in arch construction and methods to prevent arch failure are also summarized.
This document provides an overview of building construction materials with a focus on doors and windows. It discusses the definitions, components, sizes, types and selection criteria for doors and windows. For doors, it describes common types like framed doors, flush doors, and metal doors. For windows, it outlines fixed, sliding, pivoted, double hung and other types. Factors for selecting appropriate window types based on location, climate and other considerations are also summarized.
This document discusses spillways and energy dissipators for dams. It defines spillways as structures used to safely release surplus water from reservoirs. The main types of spillways are main, auxiliary, and emergency spillways. Spillways can also be classified based on their prominent features, such as free overflow, overflow, side channel, open channel, tunnel, shaft, and siphon spillways. Energy dissipators, such as stilling basins and bucket types, are also discussed to reduce the energy of water flowing from spillways. Common energy dissipator types include horizontal and sloping apron stilling basins, and solid roller, slotted roller, and ski jump bucket dissipators.
A canal is an artificial channel constructed to carry water from a river or reservoir to fields. Canals are classified based on their source of water supply, financial purpose, function, boundary type, water discharge level, and alignment. Canal alignment should aim to irrigate the maximum area with minimum length and cost. The balancing depth is the depth of cutting where the amount of cut material equals the amount of fill. Canal lining reduces water seepage and includes hard surface materials like concrete and softer materials like compacted earth.
Impartiality as per ISO /IEC 17025:2017 StandardMuhammadJazib15
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Cricket management system ptoject report.pdfKamal Acharya
The aim of this project is to provide the complete information of the National and
International statistics. The information is available country wise and player wise. By
entering the data of eachmatch, we can get all type of reports instantly, which will be
useful to call back history of each player. Also the team performance in each match can
be obtained. We can get a report on number of matches, wins and lost.
This study Examines the Effectiveness of Talent Procurement through the Imple...DharmaBanothu
In the world with high technology and fast
forward mindset recruiters are walking/showing interest
towards E-Recruitment. Present most of the HRs of
many companies are choosing E-Recruitment as the best
choice for recruitment. E-Recruitment is being done
through many online platforms like Linkedin, Naukri,
Instagram , Facebook etc. Now with high technology E-
Recruitment has gone through next level by using
Artificial Intelligence too.
Key Words : Talent Management, Talent Acquisition , E-
Recruitment , Artificial Intelligence Introduction
Effectiveness of Talent Acquisition through E-
Recruitment in this topic we will discuss about 4important
and interlinked topics which are
Online train ticket booking system project.pdfKamal Acharya
Rail transport is one of the important modes of transport in India. Now a days we
see that there are railways that are present for the long as well as short distance
travelling which makes the life of the people easier. When compared to other
means of transport, a railway is the cheapest means of transport. The maintenance
of the railway database also plays a major role in the smooth running of this
system. The Online Train Ticket Management System will help in reserving the
tickets of the railways to travel from a particular source to the destination.
1. BUILDING CONSTRUCTION AND MATERIALS
BY:-
PROF. SAGAR R. RAUT
ASST. PROFESSOR
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
JAGADAMBHA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY,
YAVATMAL
2. What is Formwork?
o It should be capable of carrying all imposed dead and
live loads apart from its own weight.
o Formwork is a mould including all supporting
structures, used to shape and support the concrete until it
attains sufficient strength to carry its own weight.
Formwork is commonly made of
o Steel
o Timber
5. Formwork has been in use since the beginning of
concrete construction.
New materials such as steel, plastics and fibreglass
are used in formwork.
Greater attention is being given to the design,
fabrication, erection and Stripping of formwork
Formwork is designed according to The IS
standards for formwork.
6. Qualities of Formwork
It should be water tight.
It should be strong.
It can be reusable.
Its contact surface should be uniform.
It should be according to the size of member.
7. • In order to successfully carry out its function,
formwork must achieve a balance of following
requirements:
• Containment
• Strength
• Resistance To Leakage
• Accuracy
• Ease of Handling
• Finish and Reuse Potential
• Access For Concrete
• Economy
Requirements of Formwork
8. • Containment: formwork must be capable of shaping and
supporting the fluid concrete until it cures.
• Strength: formwork must be capable of safely withstanding
without distortion or danger the dead weight of the fluid
concrete is placed on it, labour weight, equipment weight and
any environmental loadings.
Requirements of Formwork
9. • Ease of Handling: form panels and units should be designed
so that their maximum size does not exceed that which can be
easily handled by hand or mechanical means.
– In addition all formwork must also be designed and
constructed to include facilities for adjustments, levelling,
easing and striking without damage to the form work or
concrete.
Requirements of Formwork
10. • Economy: all the formwork is very expensive. On average about
25% of the total cost of any finished concrete unit or element can be
attributed to its formwork; of this just over 40% can be taken for
material for formwork and 60% for labour.
– The formwork designer must therefore not only consider the
maximum number of times that any form can be reused, but also
produce a design that will minimize the time taken for erection
and striking.
Requirements of Formwork
11. Requirements of formwork:
Material should be cheap and re usable,
It should be practically water proof, so that it should not absorb
water from concrete,
Swelling and shrinkage should be minimum,
Strong enough to with stand all external loads,
Deflection should be minimum,
Surface should be smooth, and afford easy striping,
Light in weight, so that easy to transfer,
Joints should be stiff, so that lateral deformation and leak is minimum
.
13. Quality:
Forms must be designed and built with sufficient stiffness
and accuracy so that the size, shape, position, and finish of
the cast concrete are maintained.
Safety:
Forms must be built sufficient strength and factor of
safety so that they have the capable of all supporting loads.
Economy:
Forms must be built efficiently, minimizing time and
cost.
Major objectives considered in formwork:
14. a) Assembly and erection .
b) Concrete placement.
c) Stripping and dismantling.
Three stages in the process :
15. Formwork detail for different structural
members
In concrete construction formwork is commonly
provided for the following structural members.
o Wall
o Column
o Slabs & Beams
o Stairs
o Chimneys
o Water tanks
o Cooling Towers
16. Formwork for Wall
It consists of
• Timber sheeting
• Vertical posts
• Horizontal members
• Rackers
• Stakes
• Wedges
After completing one side of formwork reinforcement is
provided at the place then the second side formwork is
provided.
18. Formwork for Column
• It consists of the following
– Side & End Planks
– Yoke
– Nut & Bolts
• Two end & two side planks
are joined by the yokes and
bolts.
20. • It consists of
– Sole plates
– Wedges
– Props
– Head tree
– Planks
– Batten
– Ledgers
• Beam formwork rests on head tree
• Slab form work rests on battens and joists
• If prop height are more than 8’ provide horizontal
braces.
• Formwork for Slabs & beams:
27. • Removal of formwork:
Time of formwork removal depends on the following
factors
1. Type of Cement
Rapid hardening cements require lesser time as compared
to OPC (Ordinary Portland Cement)
2. Ratio of concrete mix
Rich ratio concrete gain strength earlier as compared to
weak ratio concrete.
3. Weather condition
Hydration process accelerates in hot weather conditions as
compared to cold and humid weather conditions..
29. • First free end's support
should be removed.
• And then from right to left
it should be proceed.
• If we are removing from
the mid span then it will
act as a prop cantilever.
Cantilever slab
30. • In simply supported
we have to remove the
support from the mid
span to the ends.
• To meet the design
behavior.
Simply supported slab
31. • Maintenance of formwork:`
• Due to continuous use wooden planks & steel plates
surfaces become uneven and require maintenance.
• For wooden formwork use cardboard or plastic fiber
board. Bolt hole places must also be repaired.
• For steel formwork plates must be leveled by mallet and
loose corners must be welded.
32. • Cost of formwork
For normal works cost of formwork is about 20%-30% of the
concrete cost.
For special works cost of formwork is about 50%-60% of the
concrete cost.
Formwork cost is controlled by the following factors
• Formwork Material cost
• Formwork erecting cost
• Formwork removal cost
• Formwork jointing cost (Nails and Cables)
• Labor charges.
33. • Advantages of steel form work:
It can be used for a no. of times.
It is non absorbent.
Smooth finish surface obtained.
No shrinkage of formwork occurs.
Easy to use.
Its volume is less
Its strength is more.
34. • LOADS ON FORMWORK:
• Dead load
Self weight of formwork
Pressure and loads from fresh concrete
Reinforcement
• Imposed load
Construction workers
Stacking of materials
• Horizontal loads
• Environmental loads
Accidental loads
Wind loads
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