The document summarizes the planning, analysis, and design of a multispecialty hospital building. It includes the objectives to prepare architectural drawings, analyze the G+2 building using STAAD Pro, and design the building according to IS 456:2000 using the working stress method. It describes analyzing the building's ability to resist lateral loads. Maximum bending moments in beams and columns will depend on their relative rigidity. Structural elements like slabs, beams, columns, footings, and staircases will be designed according to code specifications using the working stress method.
This document describes the design and analysis of a 15-story residential building. It includes details on loads, materials, and the structural design of key components like slabs, beams, columns, footings, and a water tank. Loads considered include dead loads from structural elements and imposed live loads. Manual analysis is performed using the Kani's method to check the frames. The objectives are to satisfy strength, serviceability, stability, and design the foundation, columns, beams, slab, and water tank. Reinforcement is checked for development length and shear capacity.
AN INTERNSHIP REPORT ON RESIDENTIAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONAbhishek Singh
This document appears to be an internship report submitted by four students - Abhishek Singh, Naval Tej Singh Ahuja, Sahil Thakur, and Swapnil Singh - to their supervisor Mr. Kapil Bhardwaj at Universal Buildwell Pvt. Ltd. in Gurgaon, Haryana, India. The report provides details about a residential construction project called Universal Aura, including project specifications, building materials used, and work ongoing at the site during the students' summer internship from June 13 to July 13, 2016.
Steel structures involve structural steel members designed to carry loads and provide rigidity. Some famous steel structures include the Walt Disney Concert Hall, Tyne Bridge, and Howrah Bridge. Steel structures have advantages like high strength, ductility, elasticity, and ease of fabrication and erection. The Howrah Bridge is a steel cantilever bridge that connects Howrah and Kolkata. When built, it was the 3rd longest cantilever bridge in the world. It uses steel components like I-beams, rivets, and expansion joints and was constructed between 1936-1942.
Aluminium Formwork Vs Conventional Formworkchaitanyakrsk
This technical paper covers the information about formwork introduction, types of formworks and mainly about the comparing aluminium formwork with conventional formwork. Data compiled from various prominent resources and from the experience gained over the years.
This document describes the design of a residential building located in S.V.Nagar, Puliyangudi. The 438.9 sqm building will be a G+1 framed structure. Structural elements like slabs, beams, columns were analyzed using STAAD Pro software and designed using the limit state method outlined in IS 456:2000. The building will include facilities like a portico, dining hall, drawing hall, kitchen, bedrooms, a study room, guest room, balcony, and staircase. Dimensional details of the structural elements are provided. Design of the slabs, beams, columns, footing, and staircase are discussed. The planning and design of the residential building was completed effectively using the limit state
It is the presentation based on precast concrete construction which includes each and every point and scope which may be useful to civil engineering students
This document summarizes the design of a one-way slab for a multi-story building. Key steps include:
1) Determining the effective span is 3.125m based on the room dimensions and support thickness.
2) Calculating the factored bending moment of 5.722 kNm/m based on the loads and effective span.
3) Checking that the provided depth of 150mm is greater than the required depth of 45.53mm.
4) Sizing the main reinforcement as 130mm^2 based on the factored moment and concrete properties.
5) Specifying 10mm diameter bars spaced at 300mm centers along the shorter span.
This document describes the design and analysis of a 15-story residential building. It includes details on loads, materials, and the structural design of key components like slabs, beams, columns, footings, and a water tank. Loads considered include dead loads from structural elements and imposed live loads. Manual analysis is performed using the Kani's method to check the frames. The objectives are to satisfy strength, serviceability, stability, and design the foundation, columns, beams, slab, and water tank. Reinforcement is checked for development length and shear capacity.
AN INTERNSHIP REPORT ON RESIDENTIAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONAbhishek Singh
This document appears to be an internship report submitted by four students - Abhishek Singh, Naval Tej Singh Ahuja, Sahil Thakur, and Swapnil Singh - to their supervisor Mr. Kapil Bhardwaj at Universal Buildwell Pvt. Ltd. in Gurgaon, Haryana, India. The report provides details about a residential construction project called Universal Aura, including project specifications, building materials used, and work ongoing at the site during the students' summer internship from June 13 to July 13, 2016.
Steel structures involve structural steel members designed to carry loads and provide rigidity. Some famous steel structures include the Walt Disney Concert Hall, Tyne Bridge, and Howrah Bridge. Steel structures have advantages like high strength, ductility, elasticity, and ease of fabrication and erection. The Howrah Bridge is a steel cantilever bridge that connects Howrah and Kolkata. When built, it was the 3rd longest cantilever bridge in the world. It uses steel components like I-beams, rivets, and expansion joints and was constructed between 1936-1942.
Aluminium Formwork Vs Conventional Formworkchaitanyakrsk
This technical paper covers the information about formwork introduction, types of formworks and mainly about the comparing aluminium formwork with conventional formwork. Data compiled from various prominent resources and from the experience gained over the years.
This document describes the design of a residential building located in S.V.Nagar, Puliyangudi. The 438.9 sqm building will be a G+1 framed structure. Structural elements like slabs, beams, columns were analyzed using STAAD Pro software and designed using the limit state method outlined in IS 456:2000. The building will include facilities like a portico, dining hall, drawing hall, kitchen, bedrooms, a study room, guest room, balcony, and staircase. Dimensional details of the structural elements are provided. Design of the slabs, beams, columns, footing, and staircase are discussed. The planning and design of the residential building was completed effectively using the limit state
It is the presentation based on precast concrete construction which includes each and every point and scope which may be useful to civil engineering students
This document summarizes the design of a one-way slab for a multi-story building. Key steps include:
1) Determining the effective span is 3.125m based on the room dimensions and support thickness.
2) Calculating the factored bending moment of 5.722 kNm/m based on the loads and effective span.
3) Checking that the provided depth of 150mm is greater than the required depth of 45.53mm.
4) Sizing the main reinforcement as 130mm^2 based on the factored moment and concrete properties.
5) Specifying 10mm diameter bars spaced at 300mm centers along the shorter span.
The document presents the construction process of a commercial multistory building. It discusses the key steps which are excavation, foundation, columns, column footing, beams, slabs. For each step, it provides details on the types used such as shallow foundations including strip, isolated, combined and raft. It also outlines the salient features of the building including concrete grade, steel grade, bar sizes used in columns, beams and slabs.
This document discusses repairs, rehabilitation, and retrofitting of structures. It begins by defining repair, rehabilitation, and retrofitting. Repair returns a structure to its previous condition without improving strength. Rehabilitation considers strength by repairing damage. Retrofitting modifies existing structures to increase resistance to hazards like earthquakes. It provides examples of each process. The document outlines evaluation and quality control methods for repairs. It also discusses materials and techniques used for crack repair in structures, including epoxy injection grouting. Overall, the document provides an overview of restoring and upgrading structures through various repair, rehabilitation, and retrofitting methods.
This document provides an overview of various types of construction equipment used in large construction projects. It discusses earthmoving equipment like power shovels, backhoes, draglines, clamshells and scrapers that are used for excavation and hauling. It also describes hauling equipment like dump trucks and dumpers. Further, it covers hoisting equipment such as cranes and conveying equipment used to transport materials. The document provides details on the working, applications and comparisons of different equipment types used widely in construction activities.
This document provides information on industrial buildings, including their components and factors to consider in design. Key points include:
- Industrial buildings are used for manufacturing and storage by industries and include steel plants, warehouses, and factories.
- Site selection considers access, raw materials, utilities, land characteristics, and transportation.
- Major components include the roof, trusses, purlins, girts, bracing, and foundations.
- Design considerations cover roofing/wall materials, bay widths, structural framing, truss configurations, and bracing to resist lateral loads.
Summer Internship Report of Civil Engineering in Construction SiteRAVI KUMAR
The document provides details about the internship completed by Ravi Kumar at Fidesto Projects Private Limited from June 17 to July 30, 2019. It includes an acknowledgement, information about the organization and the proposed residential project in Pune on which Ravi Kumar worked. Safety protocols at construction sites like use of safety equipment and formwork are also summarized. The key steps involved in building construction are outlined.
1) High rise buildings are becoming more common due to scarcity of land and demand for space. They are defined differently but generally refer to buildings over 15 meters tall.
2) Foundations for high rise buildings include shallow foundations like spread footings and mat foundations, and deep foundations like piles. Piles transfer load through end bearing or friction along their length.
3) Structural systems for high rise buildings must resist both gravity and lateral loads. Interior systems include rigid frames and shear walls. Exterior systems such as tube and diagrid systems resist loads along the building perimeter.
Construction planning and management are closely related and involve executing construction plans using various management techniques. Modern technology is important for construction management, planning, equipment, contracts, safety, and earthquake management. Proper planning and management are necessary to complete construction on time and within budget. Effective construction planning and management involves organizing work, allocating resources, monitoring progress, and controlling costs and quality.
This document provides details of the structural analysis and design of a commercial and residential building using STAAD.Pro, AutoCAD, and STAAD.Foundation software. The building is located in Trivandrum, Kerala and consists of a basement, ground plus three floors. The document describes the site details, building plans, load calculations, modeling in STAAD.Pro, design of structural elements like beams, columns, foundation, and reinforcement details. Pile foundation is adopted based on the bore log details. The analysis helps gain knowledge of designing various components using structural analysis and design software.
CONSTRUCTION OF DISTRICT CONTROL BUILDING, CENTRAL STORE BUILDING & 33/11KV POWER SUBSTATION CONTROL ROOM AT CHAPRA,BIHAR
An Internship Report submitted in partial fulfilment of the
requirements for the degree
of
B.Tech (Civil Engineering)
by
VIJAY KUMAR SINGH
13BCL0001
VIT UNIVERSITY
VELLORE – 632 014, TAMILNADU
Design and planning of hostel building by vijayanVijayan S
This document presents the planning and design of a hostel building with G+4 stories. It includes the objectives, various loads considered, design of structural elements like slab, beam, column, footing and staircase. AutoCAD was used to design the plan, elevation and structural details. The building will have 102 rooms on each floor to accommodate 900 students. All structural designs like slab, beam, column etc. were done based on Indian codes and standards. Reinforcement details are provided for various elements. The concluded that the design is safe and reliable to be constructed.
Design of overhead RCC rectangular water tankShoaib Wani
1) The document presents the design of a rectangular overhead water tank using reinforced concrete.
2) Rectangular tanks are used for smaller storage capacities, while circular tanks are used for larger capacities.
3) The designed RCC rectangular tank presented can store up to 240,000 liters of water.
4) Both theoretical design calculations and STAAD Pro modeling were used to analyze and design the tank.
This document provides information on pile foundations, including when they are used, their functions, types, and construction methods. Pile foundations are used when the soil at shallow depths does not have adequate bearing capacity. The key points are:
- Pile foundations transmit loads from structures to deeper, stronger soil layers through end bearing, friction, or both.
- They are used when shallow soils cannot support heavy loads, have low bearing capacity, or experience issues like high water levels.
- Piles can be made of concrete, timber, steel, or composites, and are either pre-cast or poured in place. Common types include end bearing, friction, compaction, and anchor piles.
The document discusses building construction and materials. It covers why buildings are needed, the constraints and code regulations for construction, the typical construction process from planning to evaluation, how loads are imposed on buildings and transferred through structural elements like beams, columns, walls and connections, basic building components, and common construction materials including wood, steel, concrete, masonry and cement. Forces from loads must be delivered to the foundation for structural integrity.
This document provides an introduction to the subject of estimating and costing for the 2nd year intermediate vocational course in construction technology. It discusses key definitions like estimating, costing, and procedures for estimating. The importance of estimation and costing is explained. The data required for preparing an estimate like drawings, specifications, and rates is described. The document also discusses complete estimates, lump sum items, and work charged establishment. Measurement units for different construction items like earthwork, concrete, masonry, woodwork, and finishing works are listed with the applicable unit of measurement and payment.
The document discusses different types of construction cost estimates. It describes preliminary estimates which provide approximate costs using methods like per unit, plinth area, or cubic content. Detailed estimates involve accurately calculating quantities for each work item. Other estimates include revised estimates for costs exceeding 5% of original estimates, supplementary estimates for additional works, and annual repair estimates for maintenance. Terminology related to construction projects is also defined.
Pre-stressed concrete uses tensioned steel strands or bars to place concrete in compression before application of service loads. This counters the tensile stresses induced by loads and prevents cracking. There are two main methods: pre-tensioning applies tension before pouring concrete, while post-tensioning tensions strands after concrete curing. Pre-stressed concrete allows for smaller and lighter structures that resist loads, deflection, and cracking better than reinforced concrete.
Analysis and design of commercial buildingSatrudhan11240
This presentation summarizes the analysis and design of a 5-story commercial building. It includes an introduction stating that commercial buildings are for commercial use like offices and warehouses. The aim is to design an earthquake resistant, modern, profitable and luxurious building according to Indian codes. Material details like the concrete mix, rebar grades, and soil bearing capacity are provided. The building is then analyzed and designed in ETABS, with 3D and rendered views shown. The conclusion compares the ETABS results to manual design, noting slabs are a tedious part in ETABS. A final view of the completed building design is also presented.
The document provides details about the planning, analysis, and design of a hostel building project using STAAD Pro software. Key points include:
- The project involves constructing a 4-story hostel building with a total plinth area of 16072.89 sqm.
- STAAD Pro software will be used to analyze the structure by applying loads and obtaining results like shear forces and bending moments.
- The design of structural elements like beams and columns will then be done manually using the results from the STAAD analysis as per code specifications.
- The objectives are to analyze the framed structure both statically and dynamically, and design the structural elements based on the STAAD Pro output
THE PROJECT DESCRIBES THE DESIGN OF STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS OF A BUILDING USING STAAD PRO(COLUMNS&BEAMS) & MANUAL(SLABS,FOOTINGS&STAIRCASE).THE PROJECT ALSO CONTAINS THE ESTIMATION & COSTING.THE AUTO CADD IS HELPFUL FOR DRAWINGS.
The document presents the construction process of a commercial multistory building. It discusses the key steps which are excavation, foundation, columns, column footing, beams, slabs. For each step, it provides details on the types used such as shallow foundations including strip, isolated, combined and raft. It also outlines the salient features of the building including concrete grade, steel grade, bar sizes used in columns, beams and slabs.
This document discusses repairs, rehabilitation, and retrofitting of structures. It begins by defining repair, rehabilitation, and retrofitting. Repair returns a structure to its previous condition without improving strength. Rehabilitation considers strength by repairing damage. Retrofitting modifies existing structures to increase resistance to hazards like earthquakes. It provides examples of each process. The document outlines evaluation and quality control methods for repairs. It also discusses materials and techniques used for crack repair in structures, including epoxy injection grouting. Overall, the document provides an overview of restoring and upgrading structures through various repair, rehabilitation, and retrofitting methods.
This document provides an overview of various types of construction equipment used in large construction projects. It discusses earthmoving equipment like power shovels, backhoes, draglines, clamshells and scrapers that are used for excavation and hauling. It also describes hauling equipment like dump trucks and dumpers. Further, it covers hoisting equipment such as cranes and conveying equipment used to transport materials. The document provides details on the working, applications and comparisons of different equipment types used widely in construction activities.
This document provides information on industrial buildings, including their components and factors to consider in design. Key points include:
- Industrial buildings are used for manufacturing and storage by industries and include steel plants, warehouses, and factories.
- Site selection considers access, raw materials, utilities, land characteristics, and transportation.
- Major components include the roof, trusses, purlins, girts, bracing, and foundations.
- Design considerations cover roofing/wall materials, bay widths, structural framing, truss configurations, and bracing to resist lateral loads.
Summer Internship Report of Civil Engineering in Construction SiteRAVI KUMAR
The document provides details about the internship completed by Ravi Kumar at Fidesto Projects Private Limited from June 17 to July 30, 2019. It includes an acknowledgement, information about the organization and the proposed residential project in Pune on which Ravi Kumar worked. Safety protocols at construction sites like use of safety equipment and formwork are also summarized. The key steps involved in building construction are outlined.
1) High rise buildings are becoming more common due to scarcity of land and demand for space. They are defined differently but generally refer to buildings over 15 meters tall.
2) Foundations for high rise buildings include shallow foundations like spread footings and mat foundations, and deep foundations like piles. Piles transfer load through end bearing or friction along their length.
3) Structural systems for high rise buildings must resist both gravity and lateral loads. Interior systems include rigid frames and shear walls. Exterior systems such as tube and diagrid systems resist loads along the building perimeter.
Construction planning and management are closely related and involve executing construction plans using various management techniques. Modern technology is important for construction management, planning, equipment, contracts, safety, and earthquake management. Proper planning and management are necessary to complete construction on time and within budget. Effective construction planning and management involves organizing work, allocating resources, monitoring progress, and controlling costs and quality.
This document provides details of the structural analysis and design of a commercial and residential building using STAAD.Pro, AutoCAD, and STAAD.Foundation software. The building is located in Trivandrum, Kerala and consists of a basement, ground plus three floors. The document describes the site details, building plans, load calculations, modeling in STAAD.Pro, design of structural elements like beams, columns, foundation, and reinforcement details. Pile foundation is adopted based on the bore log details. The analysis helps gain knowledge of designing various components using structural analysis and design software.
CONSTRUCTION OF DISTRICT CONTROL BUILDING, CENTRAL STORE BUILDING & 33/11KV POWER SUBSTATION CONTROL ROOM AT CHAPRA,BIHAR
An Internship Report submitted in partial fulfilment of the
requirements for the degree
of
B.Tech (Civil Engineering)
by
VIJAY KUMAR SINGH
13BCL0001
VIT UNIVERSITY
VELLORE – 632 014, TAMILNADU
Design and planning of hostel building by vijayanVijayan S
This document presents the planning and design of a hostel building with G+4 stories. It includes the objectives, various loads considered, design of structural elements like slab, beam, column, footing and staircase. AutoCAD was used to design the plan, elevation and structural details. The building will have 102 rooms on each floor to accommodate 900 students. All structural designs like slab, beam, column etc. were done based on Indian codes and standards. Reinforcement details are provided for various elements. The concluded that the design is safe and reliable to be constructed.
Design of overhead RCC rectangular water tankShoaib Wani
1) The document presents the design of a rectangular overhead water tank using reinforced concrete.
2) Rectangular tanks are used for smaller storage capacities, while circular tanks are used for larger capacities.
3) The designed RCC rectangular tank presented can store up to 240,000 liters of water.
4) Both theoretical design calculations and STAAD Pro modeling were used to analyze and design the tank.
This document provides information on pile foundations, including when they are used, their functions, types, and construction methods. Pile foundations are used when the soil at shallow depths does not have adequate bearing capacity. The key points are:
- Pile foundations transmit loads from structures to deeper, stronger soil layers through end bearing, friction, or both.
- They are used when shallow soils cannot support heavy loads, have low bearing capacity, or experience issues like high water levels.
- Piles can be made of concrete, timber, steel, or composites, and are either pre-cast or poured in place. Common types include end bearing, friction, compaction, and anchor piles.
The document discusses building construction and materials. It covers why buildings are needed, the constraints and code regulations for construction, the typical construction process from planning to evaluation, how loads are imposed on buildings and transferred through structural elements like beams, columns, walls and connections, basic building components, and common construction materials including wood, steel, concrete, masonry and cement. Forces from loads must be delivered to the foundation for structural integrity.
This document provides an introduction to the subject of estimating and costing for the 2nd year intermediate vocational course in construction technology. It discusses key definitions like estimating, costing, and procedures for estimating. The importance of estimation and costing is explained. The data required for preparing an estimate like drawings, specifications, and rates is described. The document also discusses complete estimates, lump sum items, and work charged establishment. Measurement units for different construction items like earthwork, concrete, masonry, woodwork, and finishing works are listed with the applicable unit of measurement and payment.
The document discusses different types of construction cost estimates. It describes preliminary estimates which provide approximate costs using methods like per unit, plinth area, or cubic content. Detailed estimates involve accurately calculating quantities for each work item. Other estimates include revised estimates for costs exceeding 5% of original estimates, supplementary estimates for additional works, and annual repair estimates for maintenance. Terminology related to construction projects is also defined.
Pre-stressed concrete uses tensioned steel strands or bars to place concrete in compression before application of service loads. This counters the tensile stresses induced by loads and prevents cracking. There are two main methods: pre-tensioning applies tension before pouring concrete, while post-tensioning tensions strands after concrete curing. Pre-stressed concrete allows for smaller and lighter structures that resist loads, deflection, and cracking better than reinforced concrete.
Analysis and design of commercial buildingSatrudhan11240
This presentation summarizes the analysis and design of a 5-story commercial building. It includes an introduction stating that commercial buildings are for commercial use like offices and warehouses. The aim is to design an earthquake resistant, modern, profitable and luxurious building according to Indian codes. Material details like the concrete mix, rebar grades, and soil bearing capacity are provided. The building is then analyzed and designed in ETABS, with 3D and rendered views shown. The conclusion compares the ETABS results to manual design, noting slabs are a tedious part in ETABS. A final view of the completed building design is also presented.
The document provides details about the planning, analysis, and design of a hostel building project using STAAD Pro software. Key points include:
- The project involves constructing a 4-story hostel building with a total plinth area of 16072.89 sqm.
- STAAD Pro software will be used to analyze the structure by applying loads and obtaining results like shear forces and bending moments.
- The design of structural elements like beams and columns will then be done manually using the results from the STAAD analysis as per code specifications.
- The objectives are to analyze the framed structure both statically and dynamically, and design the structural elements based on the STAAD Pro output
THE PROJECT DESCRIBES THE DESIGN OF STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS OF A BUILDING USING STAAD PRO(COLUMNS&BEAMS) & MANUAL(SLABS,FOOTINGS&STAIRCASE).THE PROJECT ALSO CONTAINS THE ESTIMATION & COSTING.THE AUTO CADD IS HELPFUL FOR DRAWINGS.
The document provides an overview of intelligent building systems and their components. It discusses building automation systems that enable monitoring and control of a building's mechanical and electrical equipment. Intelligent building systems can control lighting, HVAC, elevators, and other building functions. They integrate various sub-systems and allow for improved energy management, security, and occupant comfort.
The document summarizes the design of a G+3 apartment building. It includes an outline of topics to be covered such as planning, elevations, design of structural components like columns, beams, foundation, and slab. It then provides specifications for the apartment building with details on floor areas, room dimensions, and component sizes. The document concludes with design calculations and STAAD outputs for columns, beams, and structural load calculations according to Indian codes and standards.
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF G+3 RESIDENTIAL BUILDING BY S.MAHAMMAD FROM RAJIV GAND...Mahammad2251
Structural design is the primary aspect of civil engineering. The foremost basic in
structural engineering is the design of simple basic components and members of a building viz., Slabs,
Beams, Columns and Footings. In order to design them, it is important to first obtain the plan of the
particular building. Thereby depending on the suitability; plan layout of beams and the position of
columns are fixed.
This document provides details about the Crown Interior shopping mall project, including specifications, features, and floor plans. The shopping mall covers an area of 7,50,000 square feet across 3 floors, with 2,50,000 square feet dedicated to parking in a double basement. Facilities include retail shops, a food court, cinema, kids play area, and restaurants. Floor plans and finishes are described for each area. The project aims to provide a world-class shopping and entertainment destination.
This document is a synopsis for a term paper on the impact of shopping malls in small towns on consumer behavior. It will examine how the introduction of shopping malls has changed consumer shopping patterns and decision making in small towns. The synopsis outlines the objectives of understanding how consumer mindsets have changed regarding malls and the impact of demographics on purchases. It also discusses the research methodology, which will include a survey and analysis of primary and secondary data sources to understand consumer experiences and challenges with malls.
The document provides details of the proposed Vardan Multi Speciality Hospital project in Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh. The key points are:
1) The hospital will have 222 beds initially with 120 beds in the first phase and will provide multi-specialty care.
2) The total project cost for the first phase is estimated to be Rs. 930 lakhs which will cover construction, equipment, furniture and other expenses.
3) The hospital will have departments like medicine, surgery, gynecology, pediatrics etc. and support services like operation theaters, laboratory, radiology etc.
Analysis and design of multi-storey building using staad.Progsharda123
This document presents a minor project report on the analysis and design of a four-storey building (ground plus three floors) using STAAD Pro software. It was submitted by five civil engineering students at Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College, Punjab, India in partial fulfillment of their Bachelor of Technology degree. The report covers various topics related to structural analysis and design including different analysis methods, design of building elements like slabs, beams, columns, and footings. It also discusses assumptions, design codes, loads, and materials used for the building design.
The document summarizes the analysis and design of a G+3 shopping complex. It includes the design of structural elements like slab, beams, columns, staircase and foundation. It describes the design methodology, software used for analysis (STAAD.Pro), and design of key structural components like the ground floor slab. The students have submitted this project to fulfill the requirements for their Bachelor of Technology degree in Civil Engineering.
IRJET- Structural Analysis and Design of Pump HouseIRJET Journal
This document summarizes the structural analysis and design of a pump house using STAAD.Pro software. It describes analyzing the structure under various loads, designing structural elements like beams and slabs, and verifying the design meets strength and serviceability requirements. Loads considered include dead loads, live loads, wind loads, seismic loads, water loads and operating loads. Elements are designed for different limit states using load combinations. Results of the slab, beam, and model analyses are presented along with figures from the STAAD.Pro model. The study concludes that the structural design achieved the intended safety and performance goals.
Effect of Positioning and Configuration of Shear Walls on Seismic Performance...IRJET Journal
1) The document analyzes the seismic performance of RC buildings with different shear wall configurations on both hilly and plain terrain.
2) Five building models are considered: without shear walls, with straight, L-shaped, T-shaped, and channel-shaped shear walls.
3) Response spectrum analysis is performed using ETABS software. Results for fundamental time period, base shear, and story displacements are compared between the models.
IMPROVING THE STRUCTURAL EFFICIENCY OF STEEL TRUSSES BY COMPARATIVE STUDYIRJET Journal
1) The document discusses analyzing the structural efficiency of different types of steel trusses (Warren, Patt and Howe) through modeling in STAAD Pro software.
2) A Warren truss bridge model is analyzed under dead load, live load, and seismic load conditions. Displacement over time is highest for the Warren truss.
3) Natural frequencies are calculated, with Warren and Patt trusses having higher frequencies than the Howe truss.
4) The Warren truss experiences the greatest displacement under seismic loads, while the Patt and Howe trusses displace less.
The document proposes a design for UniArc Residences, a student residence building at Infrastructure University Kuala Lumpur using shipping containers. The 16-level building would house 990 rooms across 3 blocks using different sized containers. Structural analysis using STAAD.Pro shows the steel structure of columns, beams, and bolted connections can support the container loads. Shipping containers provide cost and construction benefits over traditional materials.
Optimisation of earth quake response of tall building by using different fram...eSAT Journals
Abstract In India reinforced concrete structures are mostly used since this is the most convenient & economic system for low-rise buildings. However, for medium to high-rise buildings this type of structure is no longer economic because of increased dead load, less stiffness, span restriction and hazardous formwork. So the Structural engineers are facing the challenge of striving for the most efficient and economical design solution. Also Earthquake engineering should be extended to the design of earthquake sensitive tall buildings. Use of composite material is of particular interest, due to its significant potential in improving the overall performance through rather modest changes in manufacturing and constructional technologies. In India, many consulting engineers are reluctant to accept the use of composite steel-concrete structure because of its unfamiliarity and complexity in its analysis and design. But literature says that if properly configured, then composite steel-concrete system can provide extremely economical structural systems with high durability, rapid erection and superior seismic performance characteristics. This paper discusses Optimization of Earth quack response of tall building by using different types of framing system over the height of the building . So to optimize the earth quack response, a Ten story Combined model ( R.C.C, Composite and Steel frames) is developed and analyzed by using ETABS ; it proves that the combined model is better option. Key Words: Composite structure, Tall Building and Steel structures
Design and analysis for supporting system of circular ESR for different seism...IRJET Journal
This document analyzes and compares the design of supporting systems for circular elevated water tanks of the same 300m3 capacity located in different seismic zones (II, III, and IV) in India. The study models the tank and conducting response spectrum analysis to calculate seismic forces - shear force, axial force, and bending moment - induced on peripheral and interior columns under full and empty tank conditions. Results show seismic forces generally increase with higher seismic zone and are greater for interior columns compared to peripheral columns. For Zone IV, interior columns fail the bending moment check, indicating larger column sizes are needed. In conclusion, seismic forces on a tank's supporting structure vary significantly based on the seismic zone and column location.
The document summarizes the design of an earthquake resistant 8-story building in Lucknow, India. It describes the structural scheme as a 3D space frame modeled in STAAD and analyzed using response spectrum analysis. Load cases considered include dead load, live load, wind load, and earthquake load calculated according to Indian standards. Reinforced concrete design of beams and columns is carried out per IS codes, with M35 concrete grade and Fe415 reinforcement. Load combinations are analyzed to determine the worst case for structural member design.
Study on Concentric Steel Bracing at Soft Storey During EarthquakeIRJET Journal
This document studies the effect of adding concentric steel bracing at the soft storey of an 8-story building during an earthquake. A soft storey is the ground floor that is left open for parking. 8 building models are analyzed: a bare frame, fully infilled except the first storey, and models with X-bracing, inverted V-bracing, or different steel sections added at the soft storey. The analysis uses equivalent static analysis in Etabs software to compare storey displacements, bending moments, time periods between the models. Results show that models with bracing at the soft storey experience less displacement and bending moments compared to the bare frame model, with X-bracing performing slightly better than
IRJET- Dynamic Analysis of Tall Tubular Steel Structures for Different Geomet...IRJET Journal
This document analyzes the dynamic behavior of tall tubular steel structures with different geometric configurations (square, rectangular, triangular, hexagonal) using computer modeling and simulation. Modal analysis showed hexagonal structures have the longest period and lowest frequency, indicating greater stability. Earthquake and wind analyses found hexagonal structures experienced the highest displacements and drift. In general, tubular structures performed better than conventional steel frames. Future work could optimize hexagonal designs using additional structural systems or analyze complex tube-in-tube configurations.
Modelling Analysis and Design of Self Anchored Suspension BridgeRohit Grandhi, EIT
The application of earlier course works in this project is summarized in Table 1.2:
Table 1.2 Application of earlier course work
Course Work Application in Project
Structural Analysis Analysis of loads, stresses and deformations of structural elements.
Structural Design Design of deck slab, girder, cables, suspenders as per codes.
Concrete Technology Design of M25 grade concrete mix.
Steel Structures Design of reinforcement details.
Geotechnical Engineering Foundation design not included in scope.
IRJET- Analysis and Design of High-Rise RC Structure in Different Seismic ZonesIRJET Journal
This document analyzes and compares the design of a 15-story reinforced concrete structure with an H-shape in different seismic zones of India. Two models are considered - one with connecting beams between the wings of the H-shape and one without. Both models are modeled and analyzed in STAAD Pro software. The results, including shear forces, bending moments, deflections, and steel reinforcement percentages, are compared for the two models across zones II through V. The analysis shows marginal differences between the two models, with the model without connecting beams performing slightly worse in some parameters. The document concludes that connecting beams have little impact on the structural behavior but can improve construction.
This document presents the design of a multistory residential building with 3 floors above ground level. It includes the analysis of the building frame using Kani's method to calculate fixed end moments at each joint. The design of structural elements like one-way slabs, columns, staircases and footings are detailed. For the one-way slab design of a typical floor bay, the loading, bending moment calculation, steel reinforcement sizing and spacing are demonstrated. The project follows codal provisions of IS 456 for the analysis and design of the reinforced concrete structure.
IRJET - Dynamic Analysis of Steel Truss Bridge under Various Combinational Mo...IRJET Journal
This document analyzes the dynamic behavior of a steel truss bridge under various combinational moving loads. A truss bridge model is created in STAAD Pro software and subjected to dead loads, live loads, seismic loads, and moving vehicle loads according to Indian codes. Natural frequencies of the bridge are determined for different load combinations including seismic loads alone and with moving loads. It is observed that natural frequencies are higher for load combinations of seismic and moving loads compared to seismic and static vehicle loads. Mode shapes of the bridge are also identified under seismic loading.
The document summarizes the analysis of a G+2 residential building using ETABS software. Key steps included:
1. Modeling the building geometry and assigning structural properties in ETABS.
2. Defining load patterns including dead, live, wind, seismic and other loads.
3. Analyzing the building under different load combinations to obtain member forces and displacements.
4. Checking building response met code limits for story drift, displacements and other seismic checks.
5. Concluding the building design was adequate and satisfied strength and serviceability criteria.
IRJET- Study of Response of Wall Type Pier for Varying Width of Superstru...IRJET Journal
This document presents a study on the seismic response of wall-type bridge piers with varying superstructure widths. Finite element models of piers were developed in MIDAS Civil for superstructure widths of 8m, 10m, 12.5m, and 16m. Response spectrum analysis was conducted according to Indian codes to obtain bending stresses, natural periods, and modal mass participation. Results showed natural periods decreased for the first two modes as width increased. Stresses also decreased with increasing width. Modal mass participation saw little change with varying width. In conclusion, wider superstructures led to improved seismic performance of wall-type piers.
Seismic evelution of rc space frame with rectangular and equivalent square co...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
This research introduces a new simple, efficient, and practical procedure to design
the reinforced concrete (RC) circular slabs which have large diameters. The principal
idea of this paper concerns to use the isotropic perpendicular RC straight joists to
resist the external load. The yield-line theory was adapted to analysis the circular
waffle slabs. The steps of design were according to the ACI Code provisions. Fixed
and simply supported circular slabs were presented. Closed form equations have been
driven by author for the purposes of analysis and design this type of slabs by the
present procedure. Uniformly distributed load was considered, that represent almost
practical cases. Useful illustration example is presented in this study according to the
available materials in Iraq to facilitate the job of designers. The good performance of
RC circular slab which design by the present procedure proved clearly the efficiency
of this technique.
Sri Guru Hargobind Ji - Bandi Chor Guru.pdfBalvir Singh
Sri Guru Hargobind Ji (19 June 1595 - 3 March 1644) is revered as the Sixth Nanak.
• On 25 May 1606 Guru Arjan nominated his son Sri Hargobind Ji as his successor. Shortly
afterwards, Guru Arjan was arrested, tortured and killed by order of the Mogul Emperor
Jahangir.
• Guru Hargobind's succession ceremony took place on 24 June 1606. He was barely
eleven years old when he became 6th Guru.
• As ordered by Guru Arjan Dev Ji, he put on two swords, one indicated his spiritual
authority (PIRI) and the other, his temporal authority (MIRI). He thus for the first time
initiated military tradition in the Sikh faith to resist religious persecution, protect
people’s freedom and independence to practice religion by choice. He transformed
Sikhs to be Saints and Soldier.
• He had a long tenure as Guru, lasting 37 years, 9 months and 3 days
This is an overview of my current metallic design and engineering knowledge base built up over my professional career and two MSc degrees : - MSc in Advanced Manufacturing Technology University of Portsmouth graduated 1st May 1998, and MSc in Aircraft Engineering Cranfield University graduated 8th June 2007.
Data Communication and Computer Networks Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
Networking is a telecommunications network that allows computers to exchange data. In
computer networks, networked computing devices pass data to each other along data
connections. Data is transferred in the form of packets. The connections between nodes are
established using either cable media or wireless media.
Online train ticket booking system project.pdfKamal Acharya
Rail transport is one of the important modes of transport in India. Now a days we
see that there are railways that are present for the long as well as short distance
travelling which makes the life of the people easier. When compared to other
means of transport, a railway is the cheapest means of transport. The maintenance
of the railway database also plays a major role in the smooth running of this
system. The Online Train Ticket Management System will help in reserving the
tickets of the railways to travel from a particular source to the destination.
Sachpazis_Consolidation Settlement Calculation Program-The Python Code and th...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Consolidation Settlement Calculation Program-The Python Code
By Professor Dr. Costas Sachpazis, Civil Engineer & Geologist
This program calculates the consolidation settlement for a foundation based on soil layer properties and foundation data. It allows users to input multiple soil layers and foundation characteristics to determine the total settlement.
Impartiality as per ISO /IEC 17025:2017 StandardMuhammadJazib15
This document provides basic guidelines for imparitallity requirement of ISO 17025. It defines in detial how it is met and wiudhwdih jdhsjdhwudjwkdbjwkdddddddddddkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwioiiiiiiiiiiiii uwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwhe wiqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqq gbbbbbbbbbbbbb owdjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjj widhi owqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqq uwdhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhwqiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiw0pooooojjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjj whhhhhhhhhhh wheeeeeeee wihieiiiiii wihe
e qqqqqqqqqqeuwiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiqw dddddddddd cccccccccccccccv s w c r
cdf cb bicbsad ishd d qwkbdwiur e wetwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww w
dddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddfffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffw
uuuuhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhe qiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii iqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqq eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee qqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc ccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbu uuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuum
m
m mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm m i
g i dijsd sjdnsjd ndjajsdnnsa adjdnawddddddddddddd uw
An In-Depth Exploration of Natural Language Processing: Evolution, Applicatio...DharmaBanothu
Natural language processing (NLP) has
recently garnered significant interest for the
computational representation and analysis of human
language. Its applications span multiple domains such
as machine translation, email spam detection,
information extraction, summarization, healthcare,
and question answering. This paper first delineates
four phases by examining various levels of NLP and
components of Natural Language Generation,
followed by a review of the history and progression of
NLP. Subsequently, we delve into the current state of
the art by presenting diverse NLP applications,
contemporary trends, and challenges. Finally, we
discuss some available datasets, models, and
evaluation metrics in NLP.
Covid Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
CoVID-19 sprang up in Wuhan China in November 2019 and was declared a pandemic by the in January 2020 World Health Organization (WHO). Like the Spanish flu of 1918 that claimed millions of lives, the COVID-19 has caused the demise of thousands with China, Italy, Spain, USA and India having the highest statistics on infection and mortality rates. Regardless of existing sophisticated technologies and medical science, the spread has continued to surge high. With this COVID-19 Management System, organizations can respond virtually to the COVID-19 pandemic and protect, educate and care for citizens in the community in a quick and effective manner. This comprehensive solution not only helps in containing the virus but also proactively empowers both citizens and care providers to minimize the spread of the virus through targeted strategies and education.
1. 1
PLANNING ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF
A HOSPITAL BUILDING
A PROJECT REPORT
Submitted by
SASI VIJAYALAKSHMI.T
VIJAYALAKSHMI.K
MARIYAMMAL.S
In partial fulfillment for the award of the degree
Of
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
IN
CIVIL ENGINEERING
SREE SOWDAMBIKA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING,
ARUPPUKOTTAI.
ANNA UNIVERSITY :: CHENNAI 600 025
NOV / DEC - 2015
2. 2
PLANNING ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF
A HOSPITAL BUILDING
A PROJECT REPORT
Submitted by
SASI VIJAYALAKSHMI.T (921812103036)
VIJAYALAKSHMI.K (921812103055)
MARIYAMMAL.S (921812103307)
In partial fulfillment for the award of the degree
Of
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
IN
CIVIL ENGINEERING
SREE SOWDAMBIKA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING,
ARUPPUKOTTAI.
ANNA UNIVERSITY :: CHENNAI 600 025
NOV / DEC 2015
3. 3
ANNA UNIVERSITY : CHENNAI 600 025
BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE
Certified that this project report “ PLANNING ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF
A HOSPITAL BUILDING” is the bonafide work of “VIJAYALAKSHMI. K
SASI VIJAYALAKSHMI.T, , MARIYAMMAL.S” who carried out the project
work under my supervision.
SIGNATURE SIGNATURE
Mr. JOHN SURESHKUMAR. M.E., Mrs. D. GAYATHRI. M.E.,
HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT, PROJECT GUIDE,
Department of Civil Engg., Asst. Professor., (civil)
Sree Sowdambika College of Engg Sree Sowdambika College of Engg
Aruppukottai Aruppukottai
INTERNAL EXAMINER EXTERNAL EXAMINER
4. 4
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
At the outset I would like to express my praise and gratitude of God Almighty for
his supreme guidance, strength and ways for accomplishing this project
successfully.
I reverently thank the Principal Dr.M.Sivakumar M.Tech.,Ph.D for his prayer.
I highly thankMr.C.John Sureshkumar M.E., Head of the Department, Civil
Engineering, for providing necessary facilities for the successful completion of
this project work.
I sincerely thank Mrs.D.Gayathri M.E., Assistant professor, Department of Civil
Engineering for her guidance and for providing necessary facilities and
encouragements for the successful completion of this project work.
We thank all Assistant professors, Non-teaching staffs of our department, and our
friends who gave encouraged us to complete the project.
Sasi vijayalakshmi.T (921812103036)
Vijayalakshmi.K (921812103055)
Mariyammal.S (921812103307)
5. 5
ABSTRACT
Multispeciality hospital building provides medical service to the people. The main
purpose of our project is satisfies the medical needs of people. In this project we
concerned about the plan, analysis and design of Multispeciality hospital building.The
plan of the hospital building is done by using AUTO CADD software. The analysis of
structures were done by using STAAD.Pro as well as IS 456:2000 Code of practice for
plain and reinforced cement concrete. The design of RCC slab, beam, column, footing
and stair case is based on working stress method as per IS 456:2000 code.
6. 6
INDEX
Tables No List of tables
1 Beam End moment and forces
2 Reinforcement details
Figure No. List of figures
1 Site layout
2 Ground floor plan
3 First floor plan
4 Second floor plan
5 Beam and Column position Diagram
6 Model structure in STAAD.Pro
7 Load application on model structure
8 Bending moment Diagram
9 Shear Force Diagram
10 Displacement diagram of whole structures
11 Reinforcement Details of Footing
12 Reinforcement Details of Column
13 Reinforcement Details of Beam
14 Reinforcement Details of Slab
15 Reinforcement Details of Staircase
7. 7
LIST OF SYMBOLS
Symbols Description Unit
A Cross section area Mm
Ast Area of transverse reinforcement for torsion Mm2
B Breadth of beam Mm
Bp Width of pedestal Mm
D Effective width of span Mm
D’ Effective depth of span Mm
Fck Characteristic compressive strength of concrete N/mm2
Fy Characteristis strength of steel N/mm2
Ftt Allowable tensile stress in concrete initial transfer of
prestress
N/mm2
Fct Allowable compressive stress in concrete initial transfer of
prestress
N/mm2
Finf Prestress in concrete at bottom of section (inferior) N/mm2
G Distributed dead load or acceleration due to gravity KN/m
H Overall depth of section Mm
L Effective span Mm
LL Live load KN/m2
Lp Length of pedestal Mm
M Bending moment KNm
Md Design moment (serviceability limit state) KNm
Mumax Maximum of moment Mux and Muy per meter length at the
face of pedestal
KNm
P Prestressing force N/mm2
Pu Net ultimate upward soil pressure KN
Q Live load KN/m2
Qo Allowable bearing capacity of the soil N/mm2
S Spacing of stirrup links Mm
V Shear force KN
W Distributed load per unit area KN/m2
We Weight of soil KN/m3
Symbols Description Unit
Xu Neutral axis depth Mm
Ʈc Ultimate shear stress in concrete N/mm2
Ʈv Shear stress due to transverse shear N/mm2
8. 8
Ʈuc Shear stress of concrete in footing N/mm2
SL.NO CHAPTER
NO
CONTENTS
Acknowledgement
Abstract
List of Tables
List of Figures
List of Symbols
1 1 Introduction
2 1.1.General
3 1.1.1.Soil investigation
4 1.1.2.Specification of structure
5 1.1.3.Code provisions
6 1.2.Objectives and methodology
7 1.3.Analysis of Framed Structure
8 1.3.1.Method of Analysis
9 1.3.2.Maximum BM in Beams & Columns
10 1.4.Design of RCC Framed Structural Elements
11 1.4.1.Footing
12 1.4.2.Column
13 1.4.3.Beam
14 1.4.4.Slab
15 1.4.5.Staircases
16 2 Plan
17 2.1.Faclilities in Ground floor
18 2.2.Facilities in First, Second & Third floor
19 3 Analysis of Framed Structure
20 3.1.Technical data
21 3.1.1.Loads acting on the Analysis structure
22 3.1.2.Super structure dimensions
23 3.1.3.Soil characteristics
24 3.1.4.Foundation
25 3.1.5.Structural system
26 3.1.6.Building details
27 3.1.7.Material specification
28 3.2.Load calculation
9. 9
29 3.3.STAAD.Pro Reports
30 4 Design of Structural Elements
31 4.1.Design of slab
32 4.2.Design of beams
33 4.3.Design of Columns
34 4.4.Design of Staircase
35 4.5.Design of Footing
36 5 Conclusion
37 6 Bibliography
10. 10
CHAPTER – 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1.GENERAL:
We will propose to construct a Multispeciality hospital building in Tenkasi (near
Tenkasi to Madurai road).
1.1.1.SOIL INVESTIGATION:
The safe bearing capacity of the soil is found as 200 KN/m2
. The depth of the
footing is taken to 1.5m, the rectangular footing is to be designed.
1.1.2.SPECIFICATION OF STRUCTURES:
The building roof is designed as RCC.
All the framed structure like column,footing,beam,lintels and roof are
designed in working stress methods and IS 456:2000. Grade of concrete
M20, Grade of steel Fe 415.
The flooring concrete of plain cement concrete using broken stone will be
finished with marbles.
All the surface will be plastered and all ceiling areas.
Weathering coarse will be provided with brick jelly and lime concrete, top
finished with flat tiles.
All the joineries like doors, windows and ventilators are designed to meet
the standard code provisions.
11. 11
Lump sum provisions have been made towards the sanitary arrangements,
electrification, elevation and water supply arrangements, supplying and
fixing of furnitures and petty supervision charges.
1.1.3.CODE PROVISIONS:
IS 456:2000
NATIONAL BUILDING CODE 1970
1.2.OBJECTIVE AND METHODOLOGY
The objectives of our project are
To prepare architectural and structural drawings.
To analysis a Multispeciality hospital building (G+2) storied using
STAAD.Pro
To design a Multispeciality hospital building is (G+2).
12. 12
The methodology is given in the following flow chart,
SELECTION OF SITE
SURVEYING
AUTO CAD DRAWING
ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURE
DESIGN OF STRUCTURE
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
13. 13
1.3.ANALYSIS OF FRAMED STRUCTURE:
The method by which multispeciality hospital building frames resist horizontal
lateral forces depends upon how the structures has be laid down or planned to bear
these loads.
1.3.2.MAXIMUM BENDING MOMENTS IN BEAMS AND COLUMNS:
The magnitude of bending moments in beams and columns depends upon their
relative rigidity. Generally the beams and columns are made of the same dimension
in alla floors. Beams and columns are made of the same dimension and provided.
1.4.DESIGN OF RCC FRAMED STRUCTURES:
Reinforced cement concrete members can be designed by one of the following
methods.
A) Limit state method.
B) Working stress method.
1.4.B.WORKING STRESS METHOD:
This is conventional method adopted in the past in the design of R.C.
structures.
It is based on the elastic theory in which materials, concrert and steel, are
assumed to be stressed well above their elastic limit under the load.
1.4.1.SLABS:
A slab is a thin flexible member used in floors and roofs of structures to
support the imposed load.
14. 14
Slabs are the primary members of a structure,which supports the imposed
loads directly on them and transfer the same safely to the supporting
elements such as beams,walls, columns etc.
1.4.2.BEAMS:
A beam has to be generally designed for the actions such as bending
moments, shear forces and twisting moments developed by the lateral loads.
The size of the beam is designed considering the maximum bending moment
in it and generally kept uniform throughout its length.
IS 456 2000 recommends that maximum grade of concrete should not be
less than M25 in R.C. works.
1.4.2.1.BREADTH OF BEAMS:
It shall not exceed the size of the supports.Generally the breadth of beam is
kept as 1/3 of its depth.
1.4.2.2.DEPTH OF BEAMS:
The depth of beams is to be designed to satisfy the strength and stiffness
requirements.
It also satisfies sufficient M.R. and deflection check as recommendeb in
IS 456:2000.
For preliminary analysis purpose over II depth of beam may assumed to be
1/10 of clear span for simply supported and 1/7 to 1/5 for continuous and
cantilever beam.
1.4.3.COLUMN:
Members in compression are called are columns or struts.
15. 15
The term “column” is reserved for members who transfer loads to the
ground.
The column is classified in two based on the slenderness ratio, they are short
column and long column.
End condition Effective length factor
1.Both end fixed - 0.65L
2.One end fixed, one end hinged - 0.80L
3.Both ends hinged - 1.00L
4.One end fixed other end free - 2.0L
1.4.4.FOOTINGS:
Foundation is the bottom most important component of a structure.
It should be well planned and carefully done to ensure the safety and
stability of the strucuture.
Foundation provided for R.C. column are called columb base.
1.4.4.1.BASIC REQUIREMENTS OF FOOTING:
It should withstand the applied load moments and induced reactions.
Sufficient area should be provided according to soil pressure.
1.4.5.STAIRCASES:
16. 16
Stairway,staircase or simply stairs for a construction designed to bridge a
large vertical distance by dividing it into smaller vertical distances called
steps.
Stairs may be straight,round, or may consist of two or more straight pieces
connected at angles.
The step is composed of the tread and riser
TREAD:
It is constructed to the same specifications as any other flooring. The tread depth is
measured from the outer edge of the step to the vertical riser between steps. The
width is measured from one side to the other.
RISER:
The vertical portion between each treads on the stair. This may be missing for an
open stair effect.
17. 17
CHAPTER – 2
PLAN
2.1.FACILITIES IN GROUND FLOOR:
The ground floor consists of scan room emergency ward and ramp facilities are
provided.
2.2.FACILITIES IN FIRST, SECOND & THIRD FLOOR:
The first,second floor consist of intensive care unit, operation theatre and ramp
facilities provided.
22. 22
CHAPTER – 3
ANALYSIS OF FRAMED STRUCTURE
The method by which multispeciality hospital building frames resist
horizontal lateral forces depends upon how the structures has be laid down or
planned to bear these loads.
3.1.TECHNICAL DETAILS:
3.1.1.LOADS ACTING ON THE ANALYSIS STRUCTURE:
1.DEAD LOAD:
Self weight = -1KN/m2
2.LIVE LOAD:
For floor slabs = 2 KN/m2
For roof slabs = 1.5 KN/m2
For staircase = 4 KN/m2
3.LOAD COMBINATION:
Load combination = (1.5 D.L) + (1.5 L.L)
3.1.2.SUPER STRUCTURE DIMENSIONS:
Floor wall thickness = 250mm
Parapet wall thickness = 250mm
Parapet wall height = 800mm
23. 23
Slab thickness = 150mm
Column size = 250mm x 500mm
BEAM SIZE:
Rectangular beam = 500mm x 250mm
Depth of beam = 500mm
Breadth of web = 250mm
DEAD LOADS:
Floor finishes load = 0.6 KN/m2
Weathering coarse = 1 KN/m2
LIVE LOADS:
Live load on slab = 5 KN/m2
Live load on roof = 3 KN/m2
3.1.3.SOIL CHARACTERISTICS:
Soil consistency = Hard strata
Bearing capacity = 200 KN/m2
3.1.4.FOUNDATION:
Size = 250mm x 500mm
24. 24
3.1.5.STRUCTURE SYSTEM:
Type of building = Multispeciality HospitType of
structure = R.C.C. Framed structure
Wall = Brick masonry
3.1.6.BUILDING DETAILS:
Build up area = 759 mm2
Ground floor height = 3.5 m
First floor height = 3.5 m
Second floor height = 3.5 m
3.1.7.MATERIAL SAPECIFICATIONS:
Grade of concrete = M20
Grade of steel = Fe 415
3.2.LOAD CALCULATIONS:
ROOF SLAB
Self weight of slab = 0.17 x 25 = 4.25 KN/m2
LL on slab = 5 = 5 KN/m2
Total load = 9.25 KN/m2
BEAM
Self weight of beam = 0.5 x 0.25x25 = 3.1 KN/m
35. 35
CHAPTER – 4
DESIGN OF RC STRUCTURAL MEMBERS
4.1.DESIGN OF SLABS:
4.1.1.DESIGN OF TWO WAY SLAB:
Lx = 5m and LY = 8m
IDENTIFICATION OF SLAB:
LY/LX = 8/5
= 1.6<2
This is two way slab.
CALCULATION OF EFFECTIVE DEPTH:
Span/Effective depth = 20
Effective depth = 5000/20
= 250mm
Cover = 20mm
Overall depth = 270mm
CALCULATION OF LOAD:
Self weight = 0.27x25
= 6.75KN/m2
36. 36
Floor finishes = 0.6KN/m2
Live load = 3KN/m2
Total load = 10KN/m2
Ultimate load = 1.5x10
= 15KN/m2
CALCULATION OF BENDING MOMENT:
Mu = Wleft
2
/8
= 15x5.22
/8
= 50.7 KNm
Shear force = wl/2
= 15x5.2/2
= 39KN
CHECK FOR DEPTH PROVIDED:
Mumax = 0.138xfckxbd2
50.76x106
= 0.138x20x1000xd2
D = 135mm < 250mm
Hence safe.
REINFORCEMENTS:
Mu = 0.87xfyxAstxd (1-((Astxfy)/(bdfck)
37. 37
50.7x106
= 0.87x415xAstx250 (1-((415xAst)/(1000x20x250)
Ast = 590mm2
Provide 12mm dia bars
Spacing = 1000 x ast / Ast
= 190 mm
Ast pro = 595 mm2
% of steel = Ast x 100/ bd
Ast min = 0.12 % of GA
= 0.12 x 1000 x 250 / 100
= 300 mm2
Ast pro > Ast req
Hence safe.
CHECK FOR SHEAR:
Shear force = Vu / bd
= 39 x 103
/ 1000 x 250
= 0.156 N/mm2
Ʈc = 0.22 N/mm2
Ʈc > Ʈv
39. 39
DESIGN OF RAMP SLAB
4.1.2.DESIGN OF TWO WAY SLAB:
Lx = 5m and LY = 8m
IDENTIFICATION OF SLAB:
LY/LX = 8/5
= 1.6<2
This is two way slab.
CALCULATION OF EFFECTIVE DEPTH:
Span/Effective depth = 20
Effective depth = 5000/20
= 250mm
Cover = 20mm
Overall depth = 270mm
CALCULATION OF LOAD:
Self weight = 0.27x25
= 6.75KN/m2
Floor finishes = 0.6KN/m2
Live load = 3KN/m2
40. 40
Total load = 10KN/m2
Ultimate load = 1.5x10
= 15KN/m2
CALCULATION OF BENDING MOMENT:
Mu = Wleft
2
/8
= 15x5.22
/8
= 50.7 KNm
Shear force = wl/2
= 15x5.2/2
= 39KN
CHECK FOR DEPTH PROVIDED:
Mumax = 0.138xfckxbd2
50.76x106
= 0.138x20x1000xd2
D = 135mm < 250mm
Hence safe.
REINFORCEMENTS:
Mu = 0.87xfyxAstxd (1-((Astxfy)/(bdfck)
50.7x106
= 0.87x415xAstx250 (1-((415xAst)/(1000x20x250)
Ast = 590mm2
41. 41
Provide 12mm dia bars
Spacing = 1000 x ast / Ast
= 190 mm
Ast pro = 595 mm2
% of steel = Ast x 100/ bd
Ast min = 0.12 % of GA
= 0.12 x 1000 x 250 / 100
= 300 mm2
Ast pro > Ast req
Hence safe.
CHECK FOR SHEAR:
Shear force = Vu / bd
= 39 x 103
/ 1000 x 250
= 0.156 N/mm2
Ʈc = 0.22 N/mm2
Ʈc > Ʈv
Hence safe in shear.
42. 42
DESIGN OF BEAM
Beam size = 250mm x 500mm
B = 250mm
D = 500mm
D’ = 30mm
Mu = 130 KNm
fck = 20 N/mm2
fy = 415 N/mm2
CALCULATION OF DEPTH:
Effective cover = 30mm
Effective depth = 500 – 30
= 470mm
CHECK FOR DEPTH PROVIDED:
Mu = k. fck b dreq
2
130 x 106
= 0.138 x 20 x 250 x dreq
2
D = 435mm
Effective depth = 435mm
43. 43
Overall depth = 465mm
CALCULATION OF BOTTOM TENSION REINFORCEMENT:
Mu/bd2
= 134 x 106
/ 250 x 4652
= 2.6 N/mm2
Pt = 0.92
0.92 = 100 x Asrreq /( bd)
Ast req = 1150 mm2
CHECK FOR REINFORCEMENT:
Ast min/bd = 0.85 / fy
Astmin/ (250 x 500) = 0.85 / 415
Astmin = 256 mm2
Ast req > Astmin
Hence safe.
DESIGN OF REINFORCEMENT:
16 mm dia Fe 415 HYSD bars
No.of bars = Total area of bars/ Area of 1 bar
= 1150 / (π/4 x 162
)
= 6 bars
25mm = 2 bars
44. 44
Provide 6 #16mm dia Fe 415 bars @ the bottom of the main tension reinforcement
Astpro = N x area of one bar
= 6 x (π/4) x 162
= 1206.37 mm2
Ast pro > Ast req
Hence safe.
NOMINAL REINFORCEMENT AT THE TOP:
Provide 2 # 12 mm dia bars @ the top of the beam. The top of the beam as nominal
bars for stirrups.
CHECK FOR SHEAR:
Shear force in the beam = 85 KN
Ʈv = Vu/bd
= 0.68 N/mm2
100 As/bd = 0.5 N/mm2
Ʈc = 0.3 N/mm2
Ʈc max = 1.8 N/mm2
Ʈv > Ʈc < Ʈc max
45. 45
CHECK FOR DEFLECTION:
L/D max = (L/D) basic x Kt x Kc x Kf
Fs = 0.58 x 415 x (256/1150)
= 53.58
Kt = 1.5
(L/D) provided = 8.6
(L/D) max = 20 x Kt
= 30
(L/D) max > (L/D) provided
Hence safe.
46. 46
DESIGN OF COLUMN
Size = 500mm x 250mm
Length = 4.75 m = 4750 mm
Effective length = 0.8 L
= 0.8 x 4.75
= 3.8 m
CHECK FOR SLENDERNESS RATIO:
Slenderness ratio = Le / b
= 3.8 / 0.5
= 7.6 < 12
Slenderness ratio = Le / d
= 3.8 / 0.25
= 15.2 m
Hence it is a short column.
CALCULATION OF Ag:
Pu = 0.4 fck Ac + 0.67 fy Ast
Ag = 500 x 250 mm2
Axial load = 1250 KN
47. 47
Ultimate load = 1.5 x 1250
= 1875 KN
1875 x 103
= 0.4 x 20 x (12500 – Asc) + ( 0.67 x 415 x Asc)
Asc = 3301.2 mm2
No of bars = 10 nos
Provide 40mm clear cover
Provide 20 mm dia bars @ 100mm
DESIGN OF DISTRIBUTION REINFORCEMENT:
Dist greater of = 1 x 20 / 4
= 5 mm = 6mm dia
6 mm ties are provided
PITCH:
Least lateral dimension = 250 mm
= 16 x dia of bars
= 16 x 20
= 320 mm
Provide 6mm dia bar ties @ 300 mm C/C
49. 49
DESIGN OF STAIRCASE
No. of steps in flight = 10
Thread = 300mm
Rise = 150mm
Width of landing beam = 300mm
EFFECTIVE SPAN:
L = ( no. of steps x tread) + width of landing beam)
= ( 10 x 300 ) + 300
= 3300mm
Tk of waist slab = span/20
= 3300/20
= 165mm
LOADS:
D.L of slab on slope, ws = tkx1x25
= 1.65 x 25 x 1
= 4125 KN/m
D.L. on horizontal span, w = ws (T2
+ R2
)1/2
/T
= 4125 ( 3002
+ 1502
)1/2
/300
50. 50
= 4611.8 N/mm
D.L. on one step = ½ x b x h x 25
= ½ x 0.3 x 0.15 x 25
= 0.5625 KN/m
Loads on stesps per m length = D.L. on one step x 1000/T
= 0.5625 x 1000 /300
= 1.875 KN/m
Finishes = 0.6 KN/m
Total D.L. = 4.6 + 1.875 + 0.6
= 7.075 KN/m
Live load = 5 KN/m
Total load = 7.075 + 5
= 12.075 KN/m
Ultimate load = 18.11 KN/m
BENDING MOMENT:
Mu = Wul2
/8
= 18.11 x 3.32
/8
= 24.65 KNm
CHECK FOR DEPTH OF WAIST SLAB:
51. 51
D = ( Mu / (0.138 fck b))1/2
= 94.5 mm
Cover = 20mm
Effective depth = 165 – 20 – 10/2
= 140mm
REINFORCEMENT:
Mu = 0.87xfyxAstxd (1-((Astxfy)/(bdfck)
24.65x106
= 0.87x415xAstx140 (1-((415xAst)/(1000x20x140)
= 529.16 mm2
Provide 12 mm dia bars
Spacing = 1000 x π/4 x 122
/ 529.16
= 220 mm
Dis. Reinforcement = o.12 % of GA
= 0.12 x 1000 x 165 /100
= 198 mm2
Provide 8mm dia bars
Spacing = 1000 x π/4 x 82
/ 198
53. 53
DESIGN OF FOOTING
Footing type = Rectangular type footing
Size of the column = 500mm x 250mm
Axial load = 1250 KN
Safe bearing capacity = 200 KN/m3
Self weight of footing = 125 KN
Total factored load = 1375 KN
Footing area = 1375 / (1.15 x 185)
= 6.46 KN/m2
PROPOTION OF THE FOOTING AREA:
(2.5x ) X 5x = 6.46
12.5x2
= 6.46
X = 0.71
Short side of footing = 2.5 x 0.71
Long side of footing = 5 x 0.71
Rectangular footing = 2m x 4m
SOIL PRESSURE:
Pu = 1250 / (2 x 4)
54. 54
= 156.2 KN/m2
FACTORED BENDING MOMENT:
Bending moment @ short side = 0.5Pul2
= 239.18 KNm
Bending moment @ long side = 0.5pul2
= 59.79 KNm
Projection @ short side = 0.5 (4 – 0.5) = 1.75m
Projection @ long side = 0.5 (2 – 0.25) = 0.875m
DESIGN CONSIDERATION:
Mu = 0.138 fck bd2
D = (Mu / (0.138 fck b)1/2
= 294.76 mm
SHEAR CONSIDERATION:
Vu = 156.2 ( 1275-d)
C = Vu / bd
0.36 = 156.2 (1275 – d) / (1000 x d)
D = 380 mm
Overall depth = 400 mm
REINFORCEMENT IN FOOTING:
LONGER DIRECTION:
Mu = 0.87 fy Ast d (1 – (fyAst /(bd fck)))
55. 55
Ast = 1956 mm2
Provide 16mm dia bars
Spacing = 100 mm
SHORTER DIRECTION:
Mu = 0.87 fy Ast d (1 – (fyAst /(bd fck)))
Ast = 446 mm2
Ration of longer to shorter span = 4/2
= 2
Reinforcement in central band width 2m
= ( 2/ B+1) Ast
= (2/1.5+1)x2x446
= 713.6mm2
Provide 12 mm dia bars
Ast min = 0.12 x 1000 x 400 / 100
= 480 mm2
Spacing = 150 mm
CHECK FOR SHEAR STRESS:
Mu = 156.2 x 0.7
= 109.3 KNm
56. 56
100 x Ast / bd = 100 x 1956 / 1000 x 380
= 0.51
Vu / bd = 109.3 x 103
/ 1000 x 380
= 0.28 N/mm2
57. 57
CHAPTER – 5
CONCLUSION
The plan was drawn by Auto – cad 2007
The analysis of the structure was done by using STAAD – PRO software.
The structural elements are designed by using working stress method and IS
456 – 2000 code provision
The design project was helped as to acquire knowledge about the various
analysis and design concept and code provision.
58. 58
CHAPTER – 6
BIBILIOGRAPHY
1. “Design of Reinforced Concrete” by N.Krishnaraju.
2. “Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering” by P.C.Punmia.
3. “Prestressed Concrete” by Ramamarutham.