Sachpazis_Consolidation Settlement Calculation Program-The Python Code and the User Manual

Consolidation Settlement Calculation
Program-The Python Code
By Professor Dr. Costas Sachpazis, Civil Engineer & Geologist
This program calculates the consolidation settlement for a foundation based on soil
layer properties and foundation data. It allows users to input multiple soil layers and
foundation characteristics to determine the total settlement.
The Code:
import math
def get_float_input(prompt):
while True:
try:
return float(input(prompt))
except ValueError:
print("Please enter a valid number.")
def get_int_input(prompt):
while True:
try:
return int(input(prompt))
except ValueError:
print("Please enter a valid integer.")
def consolidation_settlement(mv, H, delta_sigma):
return mv * H * delta_sigma
def stress_distribution(q_net, B, L, Z):
return (q_net * B * L) / ((B + Z) * (L + Z))
def calculate_settlement(soil_layer, foundation_data, Z):
mv = soil_layer['mv']
gamma = soil_layer['gamma']
H = soil_layer['thickness'] * 100 # Convert m to cm
Df = foundation_data['Df']
B = foundation_data['B']
L = foundation_data['L']
q_imposed = foundation_data['q_imposed']
q_excavation = Df * gamma
q_net = q_imposed - q_excavation
delta_sigma = stress_distribution(q_net, B, L, Z)

delta_sigma_kgf_cm2 = delta_sigma / 98.0665
settlement = consolidation_settlement(mv, H,
delta_sigma_kgf_cm2)
return settlement
def get_soil_data():
print("nEnter soil layer data:")
thickness = get_float_input("Layer thickness (m): ")
mv = get_float_input("Coefficient of volume
compressibility (cm²/kgf): ")
gamma = get_float_input("Unit weight of soil (kN/m³):
")
c = get_float_input("Cohesion (kN/m²): ")
phi = get_float_input("Internal friction angle
(degrees): ")
e = get_float_input("Void ratio: ")
k = get_float_input("Hydraulic conductivity (m/s): ")
return {
'thickness': thickness,
'mv': mv,
'gamma': gamma,
'c': c,
'phi': phi,
'e': e,
'k': k
}
def get_foundation_data():
print("nEnter foundation data:")
Df = get_float_input("Foundation depth (m): ")
B = get_float_input("Foundation width (m): ")
L = get_float_input("Foundation length (m): ")
q_imposed = get_float_input("Imposed load (kPa): ")
return {'Df': Df, 'B': B, 'L': L, 'q_imposed':
q_imposed}
def main():
print("Consolidation Settlement Calculation")
print("By Professor Dr. Costas Sachpazis, Civil
Engineer")
print("====================================")
num_layers = get_int_input("Enter the number of soil
layers: ")
soil_layers = [get_soil_data() for _ in
range(num_layers)]

foundation_data = get_foundation_data()
print("nCalculation Results:")
print("--------------------")
total_settlement = 0
current_depth = 0
for i, soil_layer in enumerate(soil_layers, 1):
Z = current_depth + soil_layer['thickness'] / 2
settlement = calculate_settlement(soil_layer,
foundation_data, Z)
print(f"Layer {i} (Depth: {current_depth:.2f}-
{current_depth + soil_layer['thickness']:.2f} m):")
print(f" Settlement: {settlement:.4f} cm")
print(f" Soil properties:")
print(f" Thickness: {soil_layer['thickness']}
m")
print(f" mv: {soil_layer['mv']} cm²/kgf")
print(f" Unit weight: {soil_layer['gamma']}
kN/m³")
print(f" Cohesion: {soil_layer['c']} kN/m²")
print(f" Friction angle:
{soil_layer['phi']}°")
print(f" Void ratio: {soil_layer['e']}")
print(f" Hydraulic conductivity:
{soil_layer['k']} m/s")
total_settlement += settlement
current_depth += soil_layer['thickness']
print(f"nTotal Settlement: {total_settlement:.4f}
cm")
print(f"nFoundation Properties:")
print(f" Depth: {foundation_data['Df']} m")
print(f" Width: {foundation_data['B']} m")
print(f" Length: {foundation_data['L']} m")
print(f" Imposed load:
{foundation_data['q_imposed']} kPa")
print("nCalculation performed using the program
developed by Professor Dr. Costas Sachpazis, Civil
Engineer")
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
End of the Code

User Manual: Consolidation Settlement
Calculation Program
By Professor Dr. Costas Sachpazis, Civil Engineer & Geologist
Introduction
This program calculates the consolidation settlement for a foundation based on soil
layer properties and foundation data. It allows users to input multiple soil layers and
foundation characteristics to determine the total settlement.
Program Overview
The program performs the following main tasks:
1. Collects data for multiple soil layers
2. Gathers foundation information
3. Calculates settlement for each soil layer
4. Computes the total settlement
5. Displays detailed results for each layer and the foundation
Step-by-Step Usage Guide
1. Starting the Program
Run the Python script "Consolidation_settlement_calculation_Dr.C.S..py" in your
preferred Python environment.
2. Entering Soil Layer Data
a. The program will prompt you to enter the number of soil layers. b. For each layer,
you'll need to provide the following information:
 Layer thickness (in meters)
 Coefficient of volume compressibility (mv, in cm²/kgf)
 Unit weight of soil (γ, in kN/m³)
 Cohesion (c, in kN/m²)
 Internal friction angle (φ, in degrees)
 Void ratio (e)
 Hydraulic conductivity (k, in m/s)
3. Entering Foundation Data

After soil layer information, you'll be asked to input foundation details:
 Foundation depth (Df, in meters)
 Foundation width (B, in meters)
 Foundation length (L, in meters)
 Imposed load (q_imposed, in kPa)
4. Calculation Process
The program will then: a. Calculate the excavation pressure (q_excavation = Df * γ) b.
Determine the net pressure (q_net = q_imposed - q_excavation) c. Compute stress
increase at the center of each soil layer d. Calculate settlement for each layer using the
consolidation settlement formula e. Sum up the settlements to get the total settlement
5. Viewing Results
The program will display: a. For each soil layer:
 Layer number and depth range
 Calculated settlement
 Input soil properties b. Total settlement c. Input foundation properties
Formulas Used
1. Consolidation Settlement: S = mv * H * Δσ Where:
o S is the settlement
o mv is the coefficient of volume compressibility
o H is the layer thickness
o Δσ is the stress increase
2. Stress Distribution: Δσ = (q_net * B * L) / ((B + Z) * (L + Z)) Where:
o q_net is the net pressure
o B and L are foundation width and length
o Z is the depth to the center of the soil layer
Important Notes
1. All input values should be in the units specified in the prompts.
2. The program converts some units internally:
o Soil layer thickness is converted from meters to centimeters
o Stress increase is converted from kPa to kgf/cm²
3. The program uses error handling to ensure valid numeric inputs.
4. Results are displayed with four decimal places for precision.
Expected Outputs
1. Detailed information for each soil layer, including:
o Settlement
o Input soil properties

2. Total settlement for all layers combined
3. Input foundation properties
This program provides a comprehensive analysis of consolidation settlement, taking
into account multiple soil layers and foundation characteristics. It's useful for
geotechnical engineers and students studying soil mechanics and foundation
engineering.
Developed by Professor Dr. Costas Sachpazis, Civil Engineer & Geologist
Email: costas@sachpazis.info

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