Seismic Behavior of Beam Column Joint

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This presentation elucidates the seismic behaviour of beam-column joint and some methods to improve the resistance of beam-column joints to seismic loads to avoid disasters.

Presented By :-
Shoaib Bashir Wani
M.Tech Structural Engineering

Beam column joint:
In RC buildings, portions of columns that are common to
beams at their intersections are called beam column joint.

 The joints have limited force carrying capacity.
 When forces larger than these are applied during
earthquakes, joints are severely damaged.
 Repairing damaged joints is difficult, and so damage
must be avoided.

• Under earthquake shaking, the beams adjoining a
joint are subjected to moments in the same (clockwise or
counter-clockwise) direction.
• Under these moments, the top bars in the beam-column
joint are pulled in one direction and the bottom ones in the
opposite direction

Reinforcing the Beam-Column Joint
 Using large column sizes is the most effective way of
achieving this.
 In addition, closely spaced closed-loop steel ties are
required around column bars (Figure 3) to hold
together concrete in joint region and to resist shear
forces.
 Intermediate column bars also are effective in
confining the joint concrete and resisting horizontal
shear forces

 The Indian Standard IS:13920-1993 requires building
columns in seismic zones III, IV and V to be at least
300mm wide in each direction of the cross-section
when they support beams that are longer than 5m or
when these columns are taller than 4m between floors
(or beams).
 The American Concrete Institute recommends a
column width of at least 20 times the diameter of
largest longitudinal bar used in adjoining beam.

 It is preferable to have columns with sufficient width.
Such an approach is used in many codes [e.g.,
ACI318, 2005].
 In interior joints, the beam bars (both top and bottom)
need to go through the joint without any cut in the
joint region.
 These bars must be placed within the column bars and
with no bends.

Innovative Techniques:
 RC beam column joint strengthening by FRP
wrapping.
 Strengthening of beam-column joint with steel
fibre reinforced concrete during earthquake
loading.
 Reinforced concrete moment resisting frames.

CONCLUSION
 Closed loop and intermediate column resists ill effects
of distortion of joints.
 Greater width of the column 👍.
 Beam bars are within column bars and straight 👍.
 L-shape bar bends for large columns 👍.

References:
 IITK-BMTPC Earthquake Authored by: C.V.R.Murty
Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, India
 ACI 318, (2005), “Building Code Requirements for Structural
Concrete and Commentary,” American Concrete Institute,
USA
 IS 13920, (1993), “Indian Standard Code of Practice for
Ductile Detailing of Reinforced Concrete Structures
Subjected to Seismic Forces,” Bureau of Indian Standards,
New Delhi
 SP 123, (1991), “Design of Beam-Column Joints for Seismic
Resistance,” Special Publication, American Concrete
Institute, USA

Some Failures due to Beam-
Column Joint Failure

- Beam-column joints are the weakest points in reinforced concrete frames during earthquakes due to stresses that cause cracking and failure. There are two main types of failure: shear and anchorage. - Proper design of beam-column joints including use of closed loop ties, intermediate bars, wider columns, and straight beam bars inserted into the column improves earthquake resistance by resisting distortion and improving concrete confinement. - Innovative techniques for strengthening joints include fiber reinforced concrete and FRP wrapping to prevent cracking and increase strength. Well designed joints are crucial to avoiding damage during seismic activity.

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Seismic Behavior of Beam Column Joint

1. Presented By :- Shoaib Bashir Wani M.Tech Structural Engineering

2. Beam column joint: In RC buildings, portions of columns that are common to beams at their intersections are called beam column joint.

3.  The joints have limited force carrying capacity.  When forces larger than these are applied during earthquakes, joints are severely damaged.  Repairing damaged joints is difficult, and so damage must be avoided.

4. • Under earthquake shaking, the beams adjoining a joint are subjected to moments in the same (clockwise or counter-clockwise) direction. • Under these moments, the top bars in the beam-column joint are pulled in one direction and the bottom ones in the opposite direction

5. Reinforcing the Beam-Column Joint  Using large column sizes is the most effective way of achieving this.  In addition, closely spaced closed-loop steel ties are required around column bars (Figure 3) to hold together concrete in joint region and to resist shear forces.  Intermediate column bars also are effective in confining the joint concrete and resisting horizontal shear forces

7. Anchoring Beam Bars

8.  The Indian Standard IS:13920-1993 requires building columns in seismic zones III, IV and V to be at least 300mm wide in each direction of the cross-section when they support beams that are longer than 5m or when these columns are taller than 4m between floors (or beams).  The American Concrete Institute recommends a column width of at least 20 times the diameter of largest longitudinal bar used in adjoining beam.

10.  It is preferable to have columns with sufficient width. Such an approach is used in many codes [e.g., ACI318, 2005].  In interior joints, the beam bars (both top and bottom) need to go through the joint without any cut in the joint region.  These bars must be placed within the column bars and with no bends.

11.

12. Innovative Techniques:  RC beam column joint strengthening by FRP wrapping.  Strengthening of beam-column joint with steel fibre reinforced concrete during earthquake loading.  Reinforced concrete moment resisting frames.

13. CONCLUSION  Closed loop and intermediate column resists ill effects of distortion of joints.  Greater width of the column 👍.  Beam bars are within column bars and straight 👍.  L-shape bar bends for large columns 👍.

14. References:  IITK-BMTPC Earthquake Authored by: C.V.R.Murty Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, India  ACI 318, (2005), “Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete and Commentary,” American Concrete Institute, USA  IS 13920, (1993), “Indian Standard Code of Practice for Ductile Detailing of Reinforced Concrete Structures Subjected to Seismic Forces,” Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi  SP 123, (1991), “Design of Beam-Column Joints for Seismic Resistance,” Special Publication, American Concrete Institute, USA

15. Some Failures due to Beam- Column Joint Failure

16.

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18. Thank You

Seismic Behavior of Beam Column Joint

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