mat/raft footing, combined footing, details of steel in construction, footing, foundation, building construction, lightning and construction, ppt on design of construction, shallow foundation, deep foundation, strap footing, pair foundation, pile foundation, well foundation, squire foundation, depth of foundation, advantage of foundation
This document provides the design of a rectangular water tank with a capacity of 2500 cubic meters. It includes:
1) Design of the roof slab as a flat slab with columns spaced 5 meters apart and a thickness of 240mm.
2) Design of columns with a size of 350mm and reinforcement of 6 bars of 16mm diameter.
3) Design of the vertical walls with a thickness of 230mm at the base reducing to 180mm in the middle. Reinforcement of 16mm diameter bars at 125mm centers is provided.
4) Checks for crack width for the columns and walls show the crack width is less than the permissible 0.2mm.
This document describes the design of a pile cap by a group of civil engineering students. It defines a pile cap as a concrete mat that rests on piles driven into soft ground to provide a stable foundation. It then provides two examples of pile cap design, showing dimensions, load calculations, reinforcement requirements and construction details. The document concludes that a pile cap distributes a building's load to piles to form a stable foundation on unstable soil. It acknowledges the guidance of professors in completing this project.
This document provides an outline for a lecture on the design of concrete structures. It discusses the objectives and methods of analysis and design, including properties of materials and the empirical, elastic, and limit state theories. It also summarizes the modern reinforced concrete structures, objectives of design, loads and forces to consider, methods of analysis, and combinations of loads. Key points covered include flexibility, durability, and moldability of concrete; dead, imposed, wind, snow, and earthquake loads; and the limit state and working stress design methods.
The document summarizes the design of a steel exhibition building with a circular plan. It describes the architectural features of the building including the dimensions of the exhibition hall and stalls. It then discusses the structural analysis conducted using STAAD Pro software and consideration of various loads. Next, it details the design of key structural elements like curved beams, trusses, bracings, columns, and base plates. Design calculations are provided for the curved beams. Finally, it provides a bill of materials and concluding remarks on the benefits of the tubular structural design.
This document describes the design and analysis of a 15-story residential building. It includes details on loads, materials, and the structural design of key components like slabs, beams, columns, footings, and a water tank. Loads considered include dead loads from structural elements and imposed live loads. Manual analysis is performed using the Kani's method to check the frames. The objectives are to satisfy strength, serviceability, stability, and design the foundation, columns, beams, slab, and water tank. Reinforcement is checked for development length and shear capacity.
Proposal defence slide on Analysis & Design of Multistoreylochan Shrestha
The document presents a structural analysis and comparison of design codes for a proposed 5.5 story reinforced concrete frame hospital building in Kathmandu, Nepal. It describes the building location, dimensions, structural system and objectives of analyzing the building using SAP2000 software and designing it according to Nepal's NBC and India's IS seismic codes. It also provides background on building analysis and design methods, factors of safety, load combinations specified in the two codes and their provisions for seismic analysis using the seismic coefficient and response spectrum methods.
This document discusses the analysis and design of reinforced concrete footings. It describes different types of footings including isolated, combined, continuous, and raft foundations. It also covers design considerations such as minimum thickness, concrete cover, reinforcement sizes and spacing, and critical sections. An example is provided to demonstrate the step-by-step design of an isolated square footing, calculating loads, sizing the footing, checking effective depth, determining steel requirements, and verifying hook and dowel bar needs.
mat/raft footing, combined footing, details of steel in construction, footing, foundation, building construction, lightning and construction, ppt on design of construction, shallow foundation, deep foundation, strap footing, pair foundation, pile foundation, well foundation, squire foundation, depth of foundation, advantage of foundation
This document provides the design of a rectangular water tank with a capacity of 2500 cubic meters. It includes:
1) Design of the roof slab as a flat slab with columns spaced 5 meters apart and a thickness of 240mm.
2) Design of columns with a size of 350mm and reinforcement of 6 bars of 16mm diameter.
3) Design of the vertical walls with a thickness of 230mm at the base reducing to 180mm in the middle. Reinforcement of 16mm diameter bars at 125mm centers is provided.
4) Checks for crack width for the columns and walls show the crack width is less than the permissible 0.2mm.
This document describes the design of a pile cap by a group of civil engineering students. It defines a pile cap as a concrete mat that rests on piles driven into soft ground to provide a stable foundation. It then provides two examples of pile cap design, showing dimensions, load calculations, reinforcement requirements and construction details. The document concludes that a pile cap distributes a building's load to piles to form a stable foundation on unstable soil. It acknowledges the guidance of professors in completing this project.
This document provides an outline for a lecture on the design of concrete structures. It discusses the objectives and methods of analysis and design, including properties of materials and the empirical, elastic, and limit state theories. It also summarizes the modern reinforced concrete structures, objectives of design, loads and forces to consider, methods of analysis, and combinations of loads. Key points covered include flexibility, durability, and moldability of concrete; dead, imposed, wind, snow, and earthquake loads; and the limit state and working stress design methods.
The document summarizes the design of a steel exhibition building with a circular plan. It describes the architectural features of the building including the dimensions of the exhibition hall and stalls. It then discusses the structural analysis conducted using STAAD Pro software and consideration of various loads. Next, it details the design of key structural elements like curved beams, trusses, bracings, columns, and base plates. Design calculations are provided for the curved beams. Finally, it provides a bill of materials and concluding remarks on the benefits of the tubular structural design.
This document describes the design and analysis of a 15-story residential building. It includes details on loads, materials, and the structural design of key components like slabs, beams, columns, footings, and a water tank. Loads considered include dead loads from structural elements and imposed live loads. Manual analysis is performed using the Kani's method to check the frames. The objectives are to satisfy strength, serviceability, stability, and design the foundation, columns, beams, slab, and water tank. Reinforcement is checked for development length and shear capacity.
Proposal defence slide on Analysis & Design of Multistoreylochan Shrestha
The document presents a structural analysis and comparison of design codes for a proposed 5.5 story reinforced concrete frame hospital building in Kathmandu, Nepal. It describes the building location, dimensions, structural system and objectives of analyzing the building using SAP2000 software and designing it according to Nepal's NBC and India's IS seismic codes. It also provides background on building analysis and design methods, factors of safety, load combinations specified in the two codes and their provisions for seismic analysis using the seismic coefficient and response spectrum methods.
This document discusses the analysis and design of reinforced concrete footings. It describes different types of footings including isolated, combined, continuous, and raft foundations. It also covers design considerations such as minimum thickness, concrete cover, reinforcement sizes and spacing, and critical sections. An example is provided to demonstrate the step-by-step design of an isolated square footing, calculating loads, sizing the footing, checking effective depth, determining steel requirements, and verifying hook and dowel bar needs.
Shear in Reinforced Concrete Slabs under Concentrated Loads close to SupportsEva Lantsoght
The document summarizes research on shear capacity of reinforced concrete slabs under concentrated loads close to supports. It presents results from 156 experiments on 38 slabs which showed slabs have a higher shear capacity than beams due to transverse load redistribution. A Modified Bond Model was developed that better predicted experimental results compared to Eurocode. The research proposed code extensions, including a reduction factor for loads near supports, and applications to evaluating existing bridges which found an 18% reduction in loads.
This document discusses the design of pile caps, which connect piles to the superstructure. It provides an example of designing a pile cap to support two piles and a column. Key steps include:
1) Calculating pile cap dimensions based on loads and pile arrangement.
2) Using the truss analogy to design tension reinforcement.
3) Checking punching and vertical line shear stresses.
4) Calculating distribution steel based on code requirements.
The example calculates reinforcement for a pile cap supporting two 600mm diameter piles under 3000kN load. It checks capacity against punching and vertical line shear stresses.
Columns are an important structural member that carry compressive loads and bending moments. They are composed of concrete reinforced with embedded steel. Columns make up 11% of a building's weight but must support 100% of the total weight. Reducing column size or number is not advisable. Column alignment and the moment of inertia 'I' value are also important, with a higher I providing more resistance to bending and deflection. Proper casting, curing, and avoiding honeycombing or voids are crucial for column strength.
The document presents the design of a multi-level car parking structure with 4 floors above ground in Thirunelveli, India. The objectives are to analyze and design the structure, estimate construction costs, and provide safe, accessible parking. The methodology includes planning, analysis, design, detailing, estimation. The building is a concrete frame structure with a conventional car parking layout accessed by a helical ramp and stairs/lift. Structural analysis was conducted manually and using STADD Pro software. Key elements like slabs, beams, columns, footings, staircase, and ramp were designed according to Indian codes and standards.
This document provides an analysis and design of the structural elements for a multi-storey residential building, including slabs, columns, shear walls, and foundations. It discusses the objectives, general approach, types of buildings and concrete mixtures used. The structural elements are then analyzed and designed according to the given specifications and loadings, with reinforcement details provided for slabs, columns, shear walls, and pile caps.
The document describes the design of a stepped footing to support a column with an unfactored load of 800 kN. A square footing with dimensions of 2.1m x 2.1m is designed with two 300mm steps. Reinforcement of #12 bars at 150mm c/c is provided. Checks are performed for bending moment, one-way shear, two-way shear, and development length which all meet code requirements. Therefore, the stepped footing design is adequate to support the given column load.
The document summarizes the analysis and design of various foundation types for a seven story building in Nablus city. It describes isolated footings, combined footings, wall footings, mat foundations, and pile foundations. Laboratory test results of soil samples are presented. Loads on each column are calculated. Dimensions, reinforcement details and settlement calculations are provided for each foundation type. Based on the analysis of material quantities, construction costs, and settlement calculations, isolated footings with combined, wall and elevator footings are recommended as the most economical foundation solution.
IRJET- Cost Analysis of Two-Way Slab and Post Tension SlabIRJET Journal
The document compares the cost of two types of slabs - two-way slabs and post-tension slabs. It designs a 5m x 9.38m panel using both slab types based on Indian code provisions. Material quantities and costs are calculated and compared. The post-tension slab is found to be more economical with lower concrete and steel requirements. Design checks are performed to ensure the slabs meet strength, serviceability, and stress limits.
A Comperative study of Analysis of a G+3 Residential Building by the Equivale...Kumar Aman
This document presents a comparative study of the analysis of a G+3 residential building using the equivalent static load method, response spectra method, and SAP2000 software. A 3D model of the building was created in SAP2000 and analyzed under gravity and earthquake loads. Storey shear forces and lateral forces obtained from each method were compared. The response spectra method calculated natural frequencies, mode shapes, time periods, and design lateral forces considering multiple modes of vibration. SAP2000 provided shear force, bending moment, and axial force diagrams as well as deformed shape under loading. Lateral forces and shear forces from each analysis method were plotted for comparison.
Pt slab design philosophy with slides and pictures showing benefitPerwez Ahmad
This document summarizes the history and development of post-tensioned flat slab construction. It began with early research and development of prestressing in Europe in the 1920s-1930s to allow for longer bridge spans. Prestressing was later applied to other structures like aircraft hangars and then to flat slab construction in the 1950s. Post-tensioned flat slabs provide benefits over reinforced concrete flat slabs like reduced cracking, thinner slabs, and increased spans. The document discusses materials, design codes, comparisons to reinforced concrete, and examples of ongoing post-tensioned flat slab projects in Oman.
ANALYSIS AND COMPARATIVE STUDY OF COMPOSITE BRIDGE GIRDERSIAEME Publication
The composite bridge gives the maximum strength in comparison to other bridges. The design and analysis of various girders for steel and concrete by using various software, in that paper for composite bridge calculate the bending moment for T girder and finding which is more effective. The efforts will make to carry out to check the analysis of bridge by using SAP 2000 software. To determine the static analysis of T girder by using manual method as well as software. The results obtained from the software in structural analysis are compare the results obtained from manual calculations.
STUDY ON BOND MECHANISM OF PSWC BARS WITH CONCRETEShoaib Wani
PSWC- Plain surface with wave-type configuration, a rebar for durable concrete construction at zero cost addition and much more. The yield strength & the bond strength of HYSD bars > plain round mild steel straight bars. The durability issues related to the use of HYSD bars in RCC & problems of early distress.
Early corrosion due to the provision of surface protrusions in HYSD bars for achieving the higher bond strength.
Alternative solution : A new type of reinforcing steel bar (named as PSWC-bar) with normal plain round surface and deformed axis is proposed.
STUDY ON INFLUENCE OF RIB CONFIGURATION ON BOND STRENGTH DEVELOPMENT BETWEEN ...Shoaib Wani
To conduct pull out test as per IS 2770-1967 (Methods of testing bond in reinforced concrete –part 1 pull out test ) to assess the bond strength development between concrete and steel rebar.
Pull-out test was conducted on:
Mild steel bar
HYSD –parallel ribbed bar
HYSD – diamond ribbed bar
This document discusses the design and construction of a post-tensioned concrete slab. It begins with objectives to summarize experience with post-tensioning in building construction and discuss design and construction of post-tensioned flat slab structures. It then provides details on prestressed concrete principles, design of the PT slabs including thickness determination and prestress calculations, and execution steps like formwork, concrete pouring, prestressing, and grouting. Post-tensioning offers advantages over reinforced concrete like longer spans, thinner slabs, and improved seismic performance.
The hanging basket stress calculation and stability analysis during cantileve...IJERA Editor
This document analyzes the stress and stability of a hanging basket used in cantilever construction of a bridge in Yunnan Province, China. It establishes a finite element model of the triangular hanging basket and analyzes its strength and rigidity. The calculations show that the maximum stresses in the main truss and bottom structures are below allowable limits. The maximum deformations are also within specifications. Therefore, the design of the hanging basket meets strength, stiffness, and stability requirements for its use in cantilever construction.
Chittagong City Outer Ring Road ProjectRakibul Haque
The document describes the structural components of the Chittagong City Outer Ring Road Project. It includes 3 IC bridges, 11 sluice gates totaling 1240 meters in length, 15 box culverts totaling 700 meters, and 15 pipe culverts totaling 300 meters. Drawings and details are provided for typical sluice gate, box culvert, pipe culvert, and IC bridge designs. Construction sequences are also outlined for each structure type.
320103 Basic Structural Steel Design And Drawingguestac67362
This document contains 7 questions related to the design and drawing of structural steel components. The questions cover topics like designing columns, beams, plate girders, truss joints, and sti eners. Students are instructed to answer 1 question from Part A (worth 32 marks) and 3 questions from Part B (worth 16 marks each, for a total of 48 marks). The document provides the necessary reference to IS codes and structural tables to solve the design problems.
This document discusses cement concrete pavement and interlocking paving blocks for rural roads. It provides guidelines on designing cement concrete pavements, including recommendations for wheel load, subgrade characterization, sub-base provision, concrete strength, joint spacing, and an example design. It also outlines applications, advantages, and IRC specifications for interlocking concrete block pavements.
The document summarizes the planning, analysis, and design of a multispecialty hospital building. It includes the objectives to prepare architectural drawings, analyze the G+2 building using STAAD Pro, and design the building according to IS 456:2000 using the working stress method. It describes analyzing the building's ability to resist lateral loads. Maximum bending moments in beams and columns will depend on their relative rigidity. Structural elements like slabs, beams, columns, footings, and staircases will be designed according to code specifications using the working stress method.
The document describes the design and analysis of a mechanically stabilized earth (MSE) retaining wall in Kottayam, India. Key points:
- The 7m tall wall was designed using MSEW software following FHWA guidelines.
- External stability was checked for sliding, bearing capacity, and overturning. Internal stability was checked for reinforcement tension.
- 10 layers of geogrid reinforcement with a tensile strength of 150 kN/m were selected with a vertical spacing of 0.8m.
- External and internal stability checks confirmed the wall design was safe and satisfied safety factors of at least 1.5.
Shear in Reinforced Concrete Slabs under Concentrated Loads close to SupportsEva Lantsoght
The document summarizes research on shear capacity of reinforced concrete slabs under concentrated loads close to supports. It presents results from 156 experiments on 38 slabs which showed slabs have a higher shear capacity than beams due to transverse load redistribution. A Modified Bond Model was developed that better predicted experimental results compared to Eurocode. The research proposed code extensions, including a reduction factor for loads near supports, and applications to evaluating existing bridges which found an 18% reduction in loads.
This document discusses the design of pile caps, which connect piles to the superstructure. It provides an example of designing a pile cap to support two piles and a column. Key steps include:
1) Calculating pile cap dimensions based on loads and pile arrangement.
2) Using the truss analogy to design tension reinforcement.
3) Checking punching and vertical line shear stresses.
4) Calculating distribution steel based on code requirements.
The example calculates reinforcement for a pile cap supporting two 600mm diameter piles under 3000kN load. It checks capacity against punching and vertical line shear stresses.
Columns are an important structural member that carry compressive loads and bending moments. They are composed of concrete reinforced with embedded steel. Columns make up 11% of a building's weight but must support 100% of the total weight. Reducing column size or number is not advisable. Column alignment and the moment of inertia 'I' value are also important, with a higher I providing more resistance to bending and deflection. Proper casting, curing, and avoiding honeycombing or voids are crucial for column strength.
The document presents the design of a multi-level car parking structure with 4 floors above ground in Thirunelveli, India. The objectives are to analyze and design the structure, estimate construction costs, and provide safe, accessible parking. The methodology includes planning, analysis, design, detailing, estimation. The building is a concrete frame structure with a conventional car parking layout accessed by a helical ramp and stairs/lift. Structural analysis was conducted manually and using STADD Pro software. Key elements like slabs, beams, columns, footings, staircase, and ramp were designed according to Indian codes and standards.
This document provides an analysis and design of the structural elements for a multi-storey residential building, including slabs, columns, shear walls, and foundations. It discusses the objectives, general approach, types of buildings and concrete mixtures used. The structural elements are then analyzed and designed according to the given specifications and loadings, with reinforcement details provided for slabs, columns, shear walls, and pile caps.
The document describes the design of a stepped footing to support a column with an unfactored load of 800 kN. A square footing with dimensions of 2.1m x 2.1m is designed with two 300mm steps. Reinforcement of #12 bars at 150mm c/c is provided. Checks are performed for bending moment, one-way shear, two-way shear, and development length which all meet code requirements. Therefore, the stepped footing design is adequate to support the given column load.
The document summarizes the analysis and design of various foundation types for a seven story building in Nablus city. It describes isolated footings, combined footings, wall footings, mat foundations, and pile foundations. Laboratory test results of soil samples are presented. Loads on each column are calculated. Dimensions, reinforcement details and settlement calculations are provided for each foundation type. Based on the analysis of material quantities, construction costs, and settlement calculations, isolated footings with combined, wall and elevator footings are recommended as the most economical foundation solution.
IRJET- Cost Analysis of Two-Way Slab and Post Tension SlabIRJET Journal
The document compares the cost of two types of slabs - two-way slabs and post-tension slabs. It designs a 5m x 9.38m panel using both slab types based on Indian code provisions. Material quantities and costs are calculated and compared. The post-tension slab is found to be more economical with lower concrete and steel requirements. Design checks are performed to ensure the slabs meet strength, serviceability, and stress limits.
A Comperative study of Analysis of a G+3 Residential Building by the Equivale...Kumar Aman
This document presents a comparative study of the analysis of a G+3 residential building using the equivalent static load method, response spectra method, and SAP2000 software. A 3D model of the building was created in SAP2000 and analyzed under gravity and earthquake loads. Storey shear forces and lateral forces obtained from each method were compared. The response spectra method calculated natural frequencies, mode shapes, time periods, and design lateral forces considering multiple modes of vibration. SAP2000 provided shear force, bending moment, and axial force diagrams as well as deformed shape under loading. Lateral forces and shear forces from each analysis method were plotted for comparison.
Pt slab design philosophy with slides and pictures showing benefitPerwez Ahmad
This document summarizes the history and development of post-tensioned flat slab construction. It began with early research and development of prestressing in Europe in the 1920s-1930s to allow for longer bridge spans. Prestressing was later applied to other structures like aircraft hangars and then to flat slab construction in the 1950s. Post-tensioned flat slabs provide benefits over reinforced concrete flat slabs like reduced cracking, thinner slabs, and increased spans. The document discusses materials, design codes, comparisons to reinforced concrete, and examples of ongoing post-tensioned flat slab projects in Oman.
ANALYSIS AND COMPARATIVE STUDY OF COMPOSITE BRIDGE GIRDERSIAEME Publication
The composite bridge gives the maximum strength in comparison to other bridges. The design and analysis of various girders for steel and concrete by using various software, in that paper for composite bridge calculate the bending moment for T girder and finding which is more effective. The efforts will make to carry out to check the analysis of bridge by using SAP 2000 software. To determine the static analysis of T girder by using manual method as well as software. The results obtained from the software in structural analysis are compare the results obtained from manual calculations.
STUDY ON BOND MECHANISM OF PSWC BARS WITH CONCRETEShoaib Wani
PSWC- Plain surface with wave-type configuration, a rebar for durable concrete construction at zero cost addition and much more. The yield strength & the bond strength of HYSD bars > plain round mild steel straight bars. The durability issues related to the use of HYSD bars in RCC & problems of early distress.
Early corrosion due to the provision of surface protrusions in HYSD bars for achieving the higher bond strength.
Alternative solution : A new type of reinforcing steel bar (named as PSWC-bar) with normal plain round surface and deformed axis is proposed.
STUDY ON INFLUENCE OF RIB CONFIGURATION ON BOND STRENGTH DEVELOPMENT BETWEEN ...Shoaib Wani
To conduct pull out test as per IS 2770-1967 (Methods of testing bond in reinforced concrete –part 1 pull out test ) to assess the bond strength development between concrete and steel rebar.
Pull-out test was conducted on:
Mild steel bar
HYSD –parallel ribbed bar
HYSD – diamond ribbed bar
This document discusses the design and construction of a post-tensioned concrete slab. It begins with objectives to summarize experience with post-tensioning in building construction and discuss design and construction of post-tensioned flat slab structures. It then provides details on prestressed concrete principles, design of the PT slabs including thickness determination and prestress calculations, and execution steps like formwork, concrete pouring, prestressing, and grouting. Post-tensioning offers advantages over reinforced concrete like longer spans, thinner slabs, and improved seismic performance.
The hanging basket stress calculation and stability analysis during cantileve...IJERA Editor
This document analyzes the stress and stability of a hanging basket used in cantilever construction of a bridge in Yunnan Province, China. It establishes a finite element model of the triangular hanging basket and analyzes its strength and rigidity. The calculations show that the maximum stresses in the main truss and bottom structures are below allowable limits. The maximum deformations are also within specifications. Therefore, the design of the hanging basket meets strength, stiffness, and stability requirements for its use in cantilever construction.
Chittagong City Outer Ring Road ProjectRakibul Haque
The document describes the structural components of the Chittagong City Outer Ring Road Project. It includes 3 IC bridges, 11 sluice gates totaling 1240 meters in length, 15 box culverts totaling 700 meters, and 15 pipe culverts totaling 300 meters. Drawings and details are provided for typical sluice gate, box culvert, pipe culvert, and IC bridge designs. Construction sequences are also outlined for each structure type.
320103 Basic Structural Steel Design And Drawingguestac67362
This document contains 7 questions related to the design and drawing of structural steel components. The questions cover topics like designing columns, beams, plate girders, truss joints, and sti eners. Students are instructed to answer 1 question from Part A (worth 32 marks) and 3 questions from Part B (worth 16 marks each, for a total of 48 marks). The document provides the necessary reference to IS codes and structural tables to solve the design problems.
This document discusses cement concrete pavement and interlocking paving blocks for rural roads. It provides guidelines on designing cement concrete pavements, including recommendations for wheel load, subgrade characterization, sub-base provision, concrete strength, joint spacing, and an example design. It also outlines applications, advantages, and IRC specifications for interlocking concrete block pavements.
The document summarizes the planning, analysis, and design of a multispecialty hospital building. It includes the objectives to prepare architectural drawings, analyze the G+2 building using STAAD Pro, and design the building according to IS 456:2000 using the working stress method. It describes analyzing the building's ability to resist lateral loads. Maximum bending moments in beams and columns will depend on their relative rigidity. Structural elements like slabs, beams, columns, footings, and staircases will be designed according to code specifications using the working stress method.
The document describes the design and analysis of a mechanically stabilized earth (MSE) retaining wall in Kottayam, India. Key points:
- The 7m tall wall was designed using MSEW software following FHWA guidelines.
- External stability was checked for sliding, bearing capacity, and overturning. Internal stability was checked for reinforcement tension.
- 10 layers of geogrid reinforcement with a tensile strength of 150 kN/m were selected with a vertical spacing of 0.8m.
- External and internal stability checks confirmed the wall design was safe and satisfied safety factors of at least 1.5.
This document discusses ground improvement using micropiles. It begins with an introduction to micropiles, which were developed in Italy in the 1950s for underpinning historic structures damaged in WWII. It then classifies micropiles based on design criteria (directly loaded vs reinforcing soil) and construction type (gravity grout, pressure grouting, etc.). Advantages include minimal vibration, access in tight spaces, and cost-effectiveness. Applications include foundations, underpinning, slopes, and excavation support. Design considerations and an example are provided based on FHWA guidelines.
IRJET- Study & Improvement of Design and Construction Methodology of Precast ...IRJET Journal
The document studies the design and construction methodology of precast concrete segmental box culverts. It analyzes 6 alternative design modules for single and double box cells using different end conditions. Finite element analysis is conducted to determine the optimal section dimensions that result in minimum bending moments, shear forces, and principal stresses. Transportation cost is found to be lowest for a double box cell design with hinge joints at the top and bottom.
Flat slabs were originally invented in the U.S. in 1906 and load tested between 1910-1920. They are reinforced concrete slabs supported by columns without beams. Flat slabs offer advantages like reduced construction costs, faster construction, and greater architectural freedom. They are classified as solid flat slab, solid flat slab with drop panels, solid flat slab with column heads, or banded flat slab. Analysis and design of flat slabs involves distributing moments from equivalent frame analysis to slab components and checking shear and punching resistance.
The document describes the design and analysis of a 7m high mechanically stabilized earth (MSE) retaining wall in Kottayam, India using MSEW software. It outlines the internal and external stability checks performed according to FHWA guidelines, including sliding resistance, bearing capacity, reinforcement tension resistance, pullout resistance, and connection strength. Literature on MSE wall design principles, components, and past case studies are also reviewed. Laboratory test results on the soil and design details such as reinforcement layout are presented.
Grillage Analysis of T-Beam bridge, Box culvert and their Limit State Design; components of Bridges and loads acting on bridges are presented in this slide.
Structural Design and Rehabilitation of Reinforced Concrete StructureIJERA Editor
Effective rehabilitation scheme for failed structure demands methodical analysis of various
causes of failure and intended service loads and other functional details, The actual study under deliberation is
the best example of rehabilitation Structural element – Basement RCC raft, failed to sustain uplift due to ground
water table. This paper dealt with the rehabilitation of basement RCC raft foundation considering various design
aspects like uplift due to ground water table, sub-soil properties and restriction on depth of raft to suffice
available headroom for intended use.
IRJET- A Technical Approach to Flat Slab Multistorey Building under Wind Spee...IRJET Journal
- The document discusses the technical design of a flat slab multi-storey building under wind speed of 39 m/s.
- It presents the manual design of a G+20 building model using the equivalent frame method, with panels designed for roof, exterior walls, and interior walls.
- The manual design data is then analyzed in STAAD Pro, with shear walls added at two locations to minimize stresses in the building under wind loads.
The document discusses the design of precast segmental tunnel linings used for shield tunneling. It covers key aspects of segmental lining design including geometry, calculation of internal forces, reinforcement design, segment manufacture, waterproofing, and types of tunnel boring machines (TBMs) used for shield tunnel excavation.
Three sentences summarizing the key points:
The document discusses additional design considerations for driven piles, including time effects on pile capacity such as soil setup and relaxation. It also covers topics like scour, densification, plugging of open pile sections, drivability, and the effects of predrilling and jetting on pile capacity. Recommendations are provided for accounting for these factors in pile foundation design.
This document discusses pile foundations and provides details on:
- Types of pile foundations including driven piles, bored piles, and under-reamed piles
- Analyzing pile capacity using driving formulae, soil mechanics expressions considering shaft resistance, base resistance, and factors like soil type, pile dimensions, and installation method
- Calculating pile capacity in cohesive soils like clay and non-cohesive soils like sand, accounting for soil strength properties and effective stresses
- Considerations for negative skin friction from consolidating or compacting soil layers
The document summarizes the design of a G+3 apartment building. It includes an outline of topics to be covered such as planning, elevations, design of structural components like columns, beams, foundation, and slab. It then provides specifications for the apartment building with details on floor areas, room dimensions, and component sizes. The document concludes with design calculations and STAAD outputs for columns, beams, and structural load calculations according to Indian codes and standards.
F.E.M ANALYSIS OF ANNULAR MAT FOUNDATION WITH & WITHOUT ANNULAR BEAMIRJET Journal
This document presents a finite element analysis of different annular mat foundation systems for elevated water tanks. It analyzes and compares three cases: 1) an annular mat foundation with an annular ring beam, 2) an annular mat foundation without a ring beam, and 3) a circular solid raft foundation. The analysis is conducted using STAAD Pro software to determine factors like base pressure, bending moments, shear forces, and deflections. It finds that incorporating an annular ring beam can reduce bending moments in the mat by up to 30% and reduce the required steel by 10%. Incorporating the ring beam also provides a 12-18% savings in construction costs compared to an annular mat without a beam.
I, Mirza Shameem Hasan, completed my B,Sc, degree in Civil Engineering field . I live in Bangladesh. I am
eagerly interested to join your university and continue my study with the subject "Environmental Science".
I have my passport and all documents ready to submit any time you need .
Hence , dear Sir, please give me an opportunity to continue my study and instruct me how can I take future
steps. I will be so happy and grateful I I have the opportunity to join a university like this.
Your obedient,
Mirza Shameem Hasan
civil engineering department
Dhaka, Bangladesh
cell : =88-01948067044,8801671924202,8801677321261.
Base Isolation of Building Frames- Experimental Study Using Shake Table.onkar solshe
We have tried to give a detailed study of the behaviour of the buildings provided with base isolation , doing it experimentally on the SHAKE TABLE and also validating the results using Etabs software.
Culvert Design 201 Structural Design, Durability & ApplicationsPath Marketing Inc.
Randy McDonald, Armtec Drainage’s Director of Engineering and Frank Klita, Senior Sales Representative build on the basics of culvert design covered in Culvert Design 101 and will focus in- depth on the structural design of culverts. Additionally, the presenters will review considerations and best practices for culvert installations.
You'll Learn:
Culvert types & applications
- Structural design of culverts and buried structures as per CHBDC (Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code) methods
- Installation best practices
- Review of applications across Canada
his study outlines the critical design criteria necessary for ensuring the stability and safety of braced cuts in excavation projects. Evaluating soil properties, selecting appropriate bracing systems, and implementing effective monitoring and maintenance procedures are essential considerations. Compliance with regulations and adherence to industry standards further enhance excavation safety
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Comparison Of Square And Raft Footing For A Multistory Building Under Static And Dynamic Loads
1. Structural Engineering
Civil Engineering Department
MNNIT ALLAHABAD
Supervisor(s) –
Dr. L.K. MISHRA
Dr. GOUTAM GHOSH
Presented By-
Lovneesh Modi
2016ST02
A SUMMER PROJECT PRESENTATION
On
Comparison Of Square And Raft Footing For A Multistory Building
Under Static And Dynamic Loads
3. Introduction
Foundation is the structure element that transfers the load from column or load
bearing wall to ground.
It can be classified as :-
1. Shallow :-Depth upto 2 m
2. Deep :- Depth more than 2m
We are focusing on the each of the two types of shallow foundation:-
1. Isolated column footing
2. Mat/Raft foundation
Image source:- strucalc.com
4. Objectives
• To evaluate the Soil Bearing capacity according to IS 6403-1987 and
Settlement from the available Bore log data
• To identify the suitable type of foundation for given condition
• To design the foundations using Staad Foundation advanced
5. Methodology
• Application of problem formulated by analyzing it in Staad-Pro
• Export the reactions from Staad Pro to the Staad foundation
Advanced for modeling, analysis and design of the foundations
• Comparison of the Results in terms of SBC, Settlement and Quantity
of materials
6. Problem Definition
The dimensions taken are as follows:-
• Beams 300x450mm2 and Column 500x500mm2
• Dead load 3.75kN/m2 (assume 150mm slab)
• Floor to floor height is 3m and column to column distance is 10m
• Live load 2 kN/m2 (according to IS 875 Part2-1987)
• Wind load taken according to IS 875 Part3-2015
• Seismic Loads are taken according to IS 1893 Part1-1993
7. FOUNDATION DESIGN
DEFINE
ASSUMPTIONS
DESIGN CHECK AND
REINFORCEMENT
DESIGN
STRUCTURAL
ANALYSIS
PRELIMINARY
DESIGN BASED ON
SERVICE LOAD
Soil Bearing
Capacity
Depth of footing
Water Table
Concrete and
soil Unit Weight
Calculate required
foundation
dimension based
on required area
Required
foundation area
Calculate
factored footing
pressure
Calculate
maximum shear
Calculate
maximum
moment
Overturning
Sliding
One way shear
Punching shear
Choose governing area
of steel and determine
spacing required
CHECK
Calculate
maximum
moment
8. Advantages/Disadvantages
of the Staad Foundation
Advantages Disadvantages
Quick and easy assessment of stresses Settlement calculation is not possible
Effortless design of footing according to IS 456-2000 Calculation of SBC for isolated column footing is to be
manually provided
Quick extraction of detail drawing of the structural
component(only for isolated and combined footing)
Collaboration of model with BIM workflow is yet not
possible
9. Results
Isolated(square) Raft
Safe bearing capacity 235 kN/m2 least calculated 476 kN/m2
Settlement 144 mm(allowable 60 mm) 65mm(allowable 75 mm)
Maximum dimension 3.85x3.85 - 6.3x6.3 m2 35 x 45 m2
Thickness of footing 450 - 670 mm 600mm
Concrete 432m3 945 m3
Steel 33.868x 103 Tonnes 2.921x 103 Tonnes
Cost of concrete excluding
centering and shuttering(in Rs)
33,64,848(@7789 per m3) 73,60,605(@7789 per m3)
Cost of steel (in Rs) 2,16,75,52,000(@ 64 per kg) 18,69,44,000(@64 per kg)
Total Cost(in Rs) 2,17,09,16,848 19,43,04,605
11. The maximum Base pressures or reaction of the mat comes out to be 79 kN/m2and average reaction is 10 kN/m2.
The maximum bearing Stresses in mat is 29.5 N/mm2 and average is 3.76 N/mm2
12. Conclusion
• For the frame structure and given soil type Raft foundation comes out
to be most efficient in terms of settlement , strength and economy
• Design of bearing stresses being important in Raft for which
additional reinforcement in the form of dowel bars should be
provided.
13. References
1. IS 1893 – 1993Part 1 “Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of Structure”
2. IS 1904 – 1986 ”Design and Construction of Foundation in Soils”
3. IS 6403 – 1981 ”Determination of Breaking Capacity of Shallow Foundation”
4. IS 456 -2000 ”Plain and Reinforced Concrete”
5. CPWD Detail Schedule of Rates (2014)
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