Volumetric Analysis of Nickel by Complexometric Method
You are provided with a standatrd solution of 0.01N magnesium sulphate and an approximate solution of 0.01N EDTA.
This document provides instructions for estimating the amount of calcium and magnesium in food samples using complexometric titration with EDTA. It describes titrating a standard hard water sample against a standardized EDTA solution to determine the EDTA concentration. This standardized EDTA is then used to titrate sample hard water and determine total, calcium, and magnesium hardness levels present. The document lists the materials, procedure, and questions to ask during the experiment. The results will provide the concentration of total hardness, calcium hardness, and magnesium hardness in the sample water in ppm units.
The document provides instructions for performing an assay of calcium gluconate by complexometry, including preparing standard EDTA and magnesium sulfate solutions, titrating calcium gluconate against EDTA while using magnesium and an indicator to identify the endpoint, and calculating the percentage purity of calcium gluconate based on the titration results. The titration is a replacement complexometric titration that uses the stable magnesium-indicator complex to indirectly determine the endpoint of the calcium-EDTA reaction.
• A chelate is formed when a metal ion coordinates with two (or more) donor groups of a single ligand. Tertiary amine compounds such as ethylenadiaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) are widely used for the formation of chelates.
• Complexometric titrations with EDTA have been reported for the analysis of nearly all metal ions The endpoint of the titration is determined by the addition of Eriochrome Black T, which forms a colored chelate with Mg 2+ and undergoes a color change when the Mg 2+ is released to form a chelate with EDTA
This document provides instructions for estimating the amount of nickel (Ni) in a sample using complexometric titration with EDTA. The procedure involves:
1) Standardizing a solution of EDTA against zinc sulfate to determine its concentration.
2) Dissolving a nickel sample and filtering the solution.
3) Titrating an aliquot of the nickel solution against EDTA using murexide indicator, which changes color from yellow to red at the endpoint.
4) Calculating the concentration of nickel in the original sample and percentage of nickel in the complex from titration results.
This document provides instructions for determining the concentration of magnesium (Mg) in an unknown sample by titrating with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). The EDTA solution is standardized against a zinc standard solution. Magnesium in the unknown sample forms a complex with Eriochrome Black T indicator, changing color. When all the magnesium has been chelated by EDTA, the indicator changes to a clear blue, signaling the titration endpoint. Students will titrate the unknown sample with standardized EDTA and calculate the percentage of magnesium in the prepared unknown sample diluted to 100 mL.
22CYL12 & Chemistry laboratory for computer Systems (IT-A - Cu).pptKrishnaveniKrishnara1
Iodometric Analysis of Copper Content form Discarded PCBs. You are provided with a standard solution of 0.01N potassium dichromate and an approximate solution of 0.01N sodium thiosulphate
For the determination of Ca+ Mg both together, the versenate titration method is most popularly used in which EDTA (Ethelyne diamine tetra acetic acid) disodium salt solution is used to chelate them.
The two cations can also be precisely estimated in water sample using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) but for all practical purposes versenate titration method is good enough.
Calcium alone can also be estimated by versenate method using ammonium purpurate (murexide) indicator and thus Mg can be obtained by deduction of Ca from Ca+Mg content.
Calcium estimation can be done on flame photometer also but the precision is not very high. The formation of Ca and Mg complexes is at pH 10 is achieved by using ammonium hydroxide-ammonium chloride buffer.
The document summarizes research on the indirect electrochemical reduction of vat dyes using an iron-triethanolamine complex mediator system. Vat dyes are typically reduced using sodium dithionite, but this produces harmful byproducts. The study explores using electrochemistry and an iron-TEA mediator to reduce vat dyes in an environmentally friendly manner. Experiments are conducted to determine dye reduction potentials and optimize iron-TEA-NaOH ratios for dyeing cotton. Color yields are compared between the new electrochemical method and conventional sodium dithionite reduction.
This document provides instructions for estimating the amount of calcium and magnesium in food samples using complexometric titration with EDTA. It describes titrating a standard hard water sample against a standardized EDTA solution to determine the EDTA concentration. This standardized EDTA is then used to titrate sample hard water and determine total, calcium, and magnesium hardness levels present. The document lists the materials, procedure, and questions to ask during the experiment. The results will provide the concentration of total hardness, calcium hardness, and magnesium hardness in the sample water in ppm units.
The document provides instructions for performing an assay of calcium gluconate by complexometry, including preparing standard EDTA and magnesium sulfate solutions, titrating calcium gluconate against EDTA while using magnesium and an indicator to identify the endpoint, and calculating the percentage purity of calcium gluconate based on the titration results. The titration is a replacement complexometric titration that uses the stable magnesium-indicator complex to indirectly determine the endpoint of the calcium-EDTA reaction.
• A chelate is formed when a metal ion coordinates with two (or more) donor groups of a single ligand. Tertiary amine compounds such as ethylenadiaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) are widely used for the formation of chelates.
• Complexometric titrations with EDTA have been reported for the analysis of nearly all metal ions The endpoint of the titration is determined by the addition of Eriochrome Black T, which forms a colored chelate with Mg 2+ and undergoes a color change when the Mg 2+ is released to form a chelate with EDTA
This document provides instructions for estimating the amount of nickel (Ni) in a sample using complexometric titration with EDTA. The procedure involves:
1) Standardizing a solution of EDTA against zinc sulfate to determine its concentration.
2) Dissolving a nickel sample and filtering the solution.
3) Titrating an aliquot of the nickel solution against EDTA using murexide indicator, which changes color from yellow to red at the endpoint.
4) Calculating the concentration of nickel in the original sample and percentage of nickel in the complex from titration results.
This document provides instructions for determining the concentration of magnesium (Mg) in an unknown sample by titrating with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). The EDTA solution is standardized against a zinc standard solution. Magnesium in the unknown sample forms a complex with Eriochrome Black T indicator, changing color. When all the magnesium has been chelated by EDTA, the indicator changes to a clear blue, signaling the titration endpoint. Students will titrate the unknown sample with standardized EDTA and calculate the percentage of magnesium in the prepared unknown sample diluted to 100 mL.
22CYL12 & Chemistry laboratory for computer Systems (IT-A - Cu).pptKrishnaveniKrishnara1
Iodometric Analysis of Copper Content form Discarded PCBs. You are provided with a standard solution of 0.01N potassium dichromate and an approximate solution of 0.01N sodium thiosulphate
For the determination of Ca+ Mg both together, the versenate titration method is most popularly used in which EDTA (Ethelyne diamine tetra acetic acid) disodium salt solution is used to chelate them.
The two cations can also be precisely estimated in water sample using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) but for all practical purposes versenate titration method is good enough.
Calcium alone can also be estimated by versenate method using ammonium purpurate (murexide) indicator and thus Mg can be obtained by deduction of Ca from Ca+Mg content.
Calcium estimation can be done on flame photometer also but the precision is not very high. The formation of Ca and Mg complexes is at pH 10 is achieved by using ammonium hydroxide-ammonium chloride buffer.
The document summarizes research on the indirect electrochemical reduction of vat dyes using an iron-triethanolamine complex mediator system. Vat dyes are typically reduced using sodium dithionite, but this produces harmful byproducts. The study explores using electrochemistry and an iron-TEA mediator to reduce vat dyes in an environmentally friendly manner. Experiments are conducted to determine dye reduction potentials and optimize iron-TEA-NaOH ratios for dyeing cotton. Color yields are compared between the new electrochemical method and conventional sodium dithionite reduction.
22CYL22 & Chemistry Laboratory for Mechanical Systems(Mech - DO).pptkowshalya21
Determination of Dissolved oxygen in the given Wastewater Sample. You are provided with a standard solution of 0.01N potassium dichromate and an approximate soultion of sodium thiosulphate.
22CYL11 & Chemistry Laboratory for Electrical Systems (EIE-Alkalinity).pptkowshalya21
This document provides instructions for estimating the alkalinity of river and borewell water samples. It defines alkalinity as the ability of water to neutralize acids and lists the main ions responsible. The procedure involves titrating water samples against a standardized hydrochloric acid solution using phenolphthalein and methyl orange indicators to determine the concentrations of hydroxide, carbonate, and bicarbonate ions present. The end points of each indicator are noted and alkalinity values calculated based on the titration volumes and a reference table provided. The type and amounts of alkalinity ions determined for each water sample are to be reported as the results.
This experiment performed a limit test for iron on a sample of sodium chloride. Limit tests are used to identify and control small quantities of impurities in drugs. The test involves adding citric acid, thioglycolic acid, and ammonia to the sample and standard iron solution to form a purple color due to ferrous thioglycolate formation. The intensity of color in the sample is compared to the standard and observed to be less, indicating the sample passed the limit test for iron.
This document describes an experiment to estimate calcium and magnesium ions using complexometric titration with EDTA. The procedure involves standardizing a solution of EDTA against zinc sulfate using Eriochrom Black T indicator. Then, a sample containing calcium or magnesium ions is titrated against the standardized EDTA solution. The end point is indicated by a color change of the indicator from red to blue. The amount of calcium carbonate in a given water sample can then be calculated from the titration results.
This document describes an experiment to determine the acidity of a water sample. The experiment involves titrating the water sample with a standard sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution using two different acid-base indicators - methyl orange and phenolphthalein. The titration with methyl orange determines the mineral acidity as mg/L of calcium carbonate (CaCO3), while titration with phenolphthalein determines the total acidity, including carbonic acid, as mg/L of CaCO3. The procedure, observations, and calculations for determining the mineral and total acidity are provided.
A Study on the Physicochemical Characteristics of Tannery Effluent Collected ...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that characterized the physicochemical properties of tannery effluent collected from Chennai, India. The effluent was found to be grey colored with an unpleasant odor and acidic pH. It had high levels of biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total dissolved solids (TDS), total hardness, chlorides, and sulfates. These findings indicate the effluent had a high organic and inorganic load. The physicochemical parameters were determined according to standards set by the Bureau of Indian Standards. The study aimed to analyze the effluent characteristics and identify the pollutants present.
22CYL22 & Chemistry Laboratory for Mechanical Systems (AUTO-DO).pptKrishnaveniKrishnara1
Determination of Dissolved oxygen in the given Wastewater Sample. You are provided with a standard solution of 0.01N potassium dichromate and an approximate solution of 0.01N sodium thiosulphate.
The document discusses different types of titrations including acid-base, oxidation-reduction, complex formation, and precipitation reactions. It defines key terms like indicator, equivalence point, and endpoint. Examples are provided for calculating concentration using titration data from reactions like acid-base titrations for chloride in urine and carbon monoxide determination. Steps are outlined for the Kjeldahl method to determine nitrogen content through acid digestion and titration.
The document discusses different types of titrations including acid-base, oxidation-reduction, complex formation, and precipitation reactions. It defines key terms like indicator, equivalence point, and endpoint. Examples are provided for calculating concentration using titration data from reactions like acid-base titrations for chloride in urine and carbon monoxide determination. Steps are outlined for the Kjeldahl method to determine nitrogen content through acid digestion and titration.
This document describes a potentiometric redox titration experiment to determine the percentage of iron in a sample. Key points:
1. The experiment involves titrating an iron solution with a standardized potassium permanganate solution while monitoring the electrode potential with a multimeter.
2. Graphs of voltage vs volume added are used to determine the equivalence point, from which the concentration of permanganate and percentage of iron can be calculated.
3. Results show the titration curves, first derivative plots used to find the equivalence point, and sample calculations determining 9.95x10-3M KMnO4 and 0.26% iron in the unknown sample.
Laboratory Manual for Semester 4: Physical and Analytical Chemistry ExperimentsAQEELAABDULQURESHI
The pdf provides theory, procedure and calculations of physical and analytical chemistry experiments (Conductometry, Potentiometry and Chemical Kinetics) of semester IV as per revised syllabus of Mumbai University, effective from academic year 2017-18.
22CYL23 & Chemistry Laboratory for Chemical Engineering (Chemical-B-Alkalinit...KrishnaveniKrishnara1
Estimation of Alkalinity of River and Borewell water Collected from Places.
You are provided with a standard solution of 0.01N NaOH and an approximate solution of 0.01N HCl.
Applied chemistry practical manual session 12 13Krishna Gali
The document provides details on the estimation of temporary, permanent and total hardness in a water sample using complexometric titration with EDTA. Hard water contains calcium, magnesium and iron ions which form insoluble compounds with soap. EDTA forms stable complexes with Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions. The titration endpoint is detected using Eriochrome Black T indicator, which forms complexes with Ca2+ and Mg2+ appearing wine red in color. Upon addition of EDTA, the wine red color changes to sky blue at the endpoint as EDTA removes Ca2+ and Mg2+ from the indicator complex. The moles of Ca2+ and Mg2+ determined allows calculation of temporary, permanent and total hardness in
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
Batteries -Introduction – Types of Batteries – discharging and charging of battery - characteristics of battery –battery rating- various tests on battery- – Primary battery: silver button cell- Secondary battery :Ni-Cd battery-modern battery: lithium ion battery-maintenance of batteries-choices of batteries for electric vehicle applications.
Fuel Cells: Introduction- importance and classification of fuel cells - description, principle, components, applications of fuel cells: H2-O2 fuel cell, alkaline fuel cell, molten carbonate fuel cell and direct methanol fuel cells.
22CYT12 & Chemistry for Computer Systems-Unit_I_Electrochemistry.pptKrishnaveniKrishnara1
Unit-1-ELECTROCHEMISTRY
Introduction – cells – types - representation of galvanic cell - electrode potential - Nernst equation (derivation of cell EMF) - calculation of cell EMF from single electrode potential - reference electrode: construction, working and applications of standard hydrogen electrode, standard calomel electrode - glass electrode – EMF series and its applications - potentiometric titrations (redox) - conductometric titrations - mixture of weak and strong acid vs strong base.
Ecosystems:
Concept and components of an ecosystem -structural and functional features – Functional attributes (Food chain and Food web only).
Biodiversity:
Introduction – Classification – Bio-geographical classification of India- Value of biodiversity – Threats and Conservation of biodiversity - case studies.
More Related Content
Similar to 22CYL22 & Chemistry Laboratory for Mechanical Sysyems (MTS-A-Ni).ppt
22CYL22 & Chemistry Laboratory for Mechanical Systems(Mech - DO).pptkowshalya21
Determination of Dissolved oxygen in the given Wastewater Sample. You are provided with a standard solution of 0.01N potassium dichromate and an approximate soultion of sodium thiosulphate.
22CYL11 & Chemistry Laboratory for Electrical Systems (EIE-Alkalinity).pptkowshalya21
This document provides instructions for estimating the alkalinity of river and borewell water samples. It defines alkalinity as the ability of water to neutralize acids and lists the main ions responsible. The procedure involves titrating water samples against a standardized hydrochloric acid solution using phenolphthalein and methyl orange indicators to determine the concentrations of hydroxide, carbonate, and bicarbonate ions present. The end points of each indicator are noted and alkalinity values calculated based on the titration volumes and a reference table provided. The type and amounts of alkalinity ions determined for each water sample are to be reported as the results.
This experiment performed a limit test for iron on a sample of sodium chloride. Limit tests are used to identify and control small quantities of impurities in drugs. The test involves adding citric acid, thioglycolic acid, and ammonia to the sample and standard iron solution to form a purple color due to ferrous thioglycolate formation. The intensity of color in the sample is compared to the standard and observed to be less, indicating the sample passed the limit test for iron.
This document describes an experiment to estimate calcium and magnesium ions using complexometric titration with EDTA. The procedure involves standardizing a solution of EDTA against zinc sulfate using Eriochrom Black T indicator. Then, a sample containing calcium or magnesium ions is titrated against the standardized EDTA solution. The end point is indicated by a color change of the indicator from red to blue. The amount of calcium carbonate in a given water sample can then be calculated from the titration results.
This document describes an experiment to determine the acidity of a water sample. The experiment involves titrating the water sample with a standard sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution using two different acid-base indicators - methyl orange and phenolphthalein. The titration with methyl orange determines the mineral acidity as mg/L of calcium carbonate (CaCO3), while titration with phenolphthalein determines the total acidity, including carbonic acid, as mg/L of CaCO3. The procedure, observations, and calculations for determining the mineral and total acidity are provided.
A Study on the Physicochemical Characteristics of Tannery Effluent Collected ...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that characterized the physicochemical properties of tannery effluent collected from Chennai, India. The effluent was found to be grey colored with an unpleasant odor and acidic pH. It had high levels of biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total dissolved solids (TDS), total hardness, chlorides, and sulfates. These findings indicate the effluent had a high organic and inorganic load. The physicochemical parameters were determined according to standards set by the Bureau of Indian Standards. The study aimed to analyze the effluent characteristics and identify the pollutants present.
22CYL22 & Chemistry Laboratory for Mechanical Systems (AUTO-DO).pptKrishnaveniKrishnara1
Determination of Dissolved oxygen in the given Wastewater Sample. You are provided with a standard solution of 0.01N potassium dichromate and an approximate solution of 0.01N sodium thiosulphate.
The document discusses different types of titrations including acid-base, oxidation-reduction, complex formation, and precipitation reactions. It defines key terms like indicator, equivalence point, and endpoint. Examples are provided for calculating concentration using titration data from reactions like acid-base titrations for chloride in urine and carbon monoxide determination. Steps are outlined for the Kjeldahl method to determine nitrogen content through acid digestion and titration.
The document discusses different types of titrations including acid-base, oxidation-reduction, complex formation, and precipitation reactions. It defines key terms like indicator, equivalence point, and endpoint. Examples are provided for calculating concentration using titration data from reactions like acid-base titrations for chloride in urine and carbon monoxide determination. Steps are outlined for the Kjeldahl method to determine nitrogen content through acid digestion and titration.
This document describes a potentiometric redox titration experiment to determine the percentage of iron in a sample. Key points:
1. The experiment involves titrating an iron solution with a standardized potassium permanganate solution while monitoring the electrode potential with a multimeter.
2. Graphs of voltage vs volume added are used to determine the equivalence point, from which the concentration of permanganate and percentage of iron can be calculated.
3. Results show the titration curves, first derivative plots used to find the equivalence point, and sample calculations determining 9.95x10-3M KMnO4 and 0.26% iron in the unknown sample.
Laboratory Manual for Semester 4: Physical and Analytical Chemistry ExperimentsAQEELAABDULQURESHI
The pdf provides theory, procedure and calculations of physical and analytical chemistry experiments (Conductometry, Potentiometry and Chemical Kinetics) of semester IV as per revised syllabus of Mumbai University, effective from academic year 2017-18.
22CYL23 & Chemistry Laboratory for Chemical Engineering (Chemical-B-Alkalinit...KrishnaveniKrishnara1
Estimation of Alkalinity of River and Borewell water Collected from Places.
You are provided with a standard solution of 0.01N NaOH and an approximate solution of 0.01N HCl.
Applied chemistry practical manual session 12 13Krishna Gali
The document provides details on the estimation of temporary, permanent and total hardness in a water sample using complexometric titration with EDTA. Hard water contains calcium, magnesium and iron ions which form insoluble compounds with soap. EDTA forms stable complexes with Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions. The titration endpoint is detected using Eriochrome Black T indicator, which forms complexes with Ca2+ and Mg2+ appearing wine red in color. Upon addition of EDTA, the wine red color changes to sky blue at the endpoint as EDTA removes Ca2+ and Mg2+ from the indicator complex. The moles of Ca2+ and Mg2+ determined allows calculation of temporary, permanent and total hardness in
Similar to 22CYL22 & Chemistry Laboratory for Mechanical Sysyems (MTS-A-Ni).ppt (16)
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
Batteries -Introduction – Types of Batteries – discharging and charging of battery - characteristics of battery –battery rating- various tests on battery- – Primary battery: silver button cell- Secondary battery :Ni-Cd battery-modern battery: lithium ion battery-maintenance of batteries-choices of batteries for electric vehicle applications.
Fuel Cells: Introduction- importance and classification of fuel cells - description, principle, components, applications of fuel cells: H2-O2 fuel cell, alkaline fuel cell, molten carbonate fuel cell and direct methanol fuel cells.
22CYT12 & Chemistry for Computer Systems-Unit_I_Electrochemistry.pptKrishnaveniKrishnara1
Unit-1-ELECTROCHEMISTRY
Introduction – cells – types - representation of galvanic cell - electrode potential - Nernst equation (derivation of cell EMF) - calculation of cell EMF from single electrode potential - reference electrode: construction, working and applications of standard hydrogen electrode, standard calomel electrode - glass electrode – EMF series and its applications - potentiometric titrations (redox) - conductometric titrations - mixture of weak and strong acid vs strong base.
Ecosystems:
Concept and components of an ecosystem -structural and functional features – Functional attributes (Food chain and Food web only).
Biodiversity:
Introduction – Classification – Bio-geographical classification of India- Value of biodiversity – Threats and Conservation of biodiversity - case studies.
Introduction – cells – types - representation of galvanic cell - electrode potential - Nernst equation (derivation of cell EMF) - calculation of cell EMF from single electrode potential - reference electrode: construction, working and applications of standard hydrogen electrode, standard calomel electrode - glass electrode – EMF series and its applications - potentiometric titrations (redox) - conductometric titrations - mixture of weak and strong acid vs strong base.
22CYT12-Unit_I_Electrochemistry - EMF Series & its Applications.pptKrishnaveniKrishnara1
Electrochemistry:Introduction – cells – types - representation of galvanic cell - electrode potential - Nernst equation (derivation of cell EMF) - calculation of cell EMF from single electrode potential - reference electrode: construction, working and applications (Determination of potential of the unknown electrode and pH of the unknown electrode) of standard hydrogen electrode, standard calomel electrode - glass electrode – EMF series and its applications - potentiometric titrations (redox) - conductometric titrations - mixture of weak and strong acid vs strong base.
The document discusses e-waste, its sources, composition and effects. It defines e-waste as electrical and electronic equipment that is discarded after use. Sources include large and small household appliances, IT equipment, medical devices, etc. E-waste contains toxic heavy metals like lead, mercury, cadmium and chemicals that can cause health issues if not properly disposed. The document outlines the need for e-waste management and discusses techniques like waste minimization, sustainable product design, and recycling to reduce environmental pollution from e-waste.
An In-Depth Exploration of Natural Language Processing: Evolution, Applicatio...DharmaBanothu
Natural language processing (NLP) has
recently garnered significant interest for the
computational representation and analysis of human
language. Its applications span multiple domains such
as machine translation, email spam detection,
information extraction, summarization, healthcare,
and question answering. This paper first delineates
four phases by examining various levels of NLP and
components of Natural Language Generation,
followed by a review of the history and progression of
NLP. Subsequently, we delve into the current state of
the art by presenting diverse NLP applications,
contemporary trends, and challenges. Finally, we
discuss some available datasets, models, and
evaluation metrics in NLP.
Online train ticket booking system project.pdfKamal Acharya
Rail transport is one of the important modes of transport in India. Now a days we
see that there are railways that are present for the long as well as short distance
travelling which makes the life of the people easier. When compared to other
means of transport, a railway is the cheapest means of transport. The maintenance
of the railway database also plays a major role in the smooth running of this
system. The Online Train Ticket Management System will help in reserving the
tickets of the railways to travel from a particular source to the destination.
We have designed & manufacture the Lubi Valves LBF series type of Butterfly Valves for General Utility Water applications as well as for HVAC applications.
A high-Speed Communication System is based on the Design of a Bi-NoC Router, ...DharmaBanothu
The Network on Chip (NoC) has emerged as an effective
solution for intercommunication infrastructure within System on
Chip (SoC) designs, overcoming the limitations of traditional
methods that face significant bottlenecks. However, the complexity
of NoC design presents numerous challenges related to
performance metrics such as scalability, latency, power
consumption, and signal integrity. This project addresses the
issues within the router's memory unit and proposes an enhanced
memory structure. To achieve efficient data transfer, FIFO buffers
are implemented in distributed RAM and virtual channels for
FPGA-based NoC. The project introduces advanced FIFO-based
memory units within the NoC router, assessing their performance
in a Bi-directional NoC (Bi-NoC) configuration. The primary
objective is to reduce the router's workload while enhancing the
FIFO internal structure. To further improve data transfer speed,
a Bi-NoC with a self-configurable intercommunication channel is
suggested. Simulation and synthesis results demonstrate
guaranteed throughput, predictable latency, and equitable
network access, showing significant improvement over previous
designs
Sachpazis_Consolidation Settlement Calculation Program-The Python Code and th...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Consolidation Settlement Calculation Program-The Python Code
By Professor Dr. Costas Sachpazis, Civil Engineer & Geologist
This program calculates the consolidation settlement for a foundation based on soil layer properties and foundation data. It allows users to input multiple soil layers and foundation characteristics to determine the total settlement.
Sri Guru Hargobind Ji - Bandi Chor Guru.pdfBalvir Singh
Sri Guru Hargobind Ji (19 June 1595 - 3 March 1644) is revered as the Sixth Nanak.
• On 25 May 1606 Guru Arjan nominated his son Sri Hargobind Ji as his successor. Shortly
afterwards, Guru Arjan was arrested, tortured and killed by order of the Mogul Emperor
Jahangir.
• Guru Hargobind's succession ceremony took place on 24 June 1606. He was barely
eleven years old when he became 6th Guru.
• As ordered by Guru Arjan Dev Ji, he put on two swords, one indicated his spiritual
authority (PIRI) and the other, his temporal authority (MIRI). He thus for the first time
initiated military tradition in the Sikh faith to resist religious persecution, protect
people’s freedom and independence to practice religion by choice. He transformed
Sikhs to be Saints and Soldier.
• He had a long tenure as Guru, lasting 37 years, 9 months and 3 days
🔥Independent Call Girls In Pune 💯Call Us 🔝 7014168258 🔝💃Independent Pune Esco...
22CYL22 & Chemistry Laboratory for Mechanical Sysyems (MTS-A-Ni).ppt
1. DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY
22CYL22 – CHEMISTRY LABORATORY
FOR MECHANICAL SYSTEMS
Prepared By
Krishnaveni K
Assistant Professor
Department of Chemistry
Kongu Engineering College,
Perundurai, Erode-638060
B.E – MTS- “A”
Volumetric Analysis of Nickel by
Complexometric Method
2.
3. Short Procedure
Standardization of EDTA
(Standard MgSO4 Vs Unknown EDTA
Burette Solution: Unknown EDTA
Pipette Solution : 20 ml of standard MgSO4
Reagents to be added: 5ml of NH3 buffer
Condition : Room Temp.
Indicator : 2 drops of EBT
End Point : Colour changes from wine
red to steel blue
Standard
MgSO4
Colour
changes from
wine red to
steel blue
Standard
MgSO4 +
NH3
buffer
Standard
MgSO4 +
NH3
buffer +
EBT
4.
5. Estimation of Nickel present in the given solution
(Standardized EDTA Vs Made up nickel solution
Burette Solution : Standardized EDTA
Pipette Solution : 20 ml of made up nickel solution
Reagents to be added : 5ml of NH3 buffer
Condition : Room Temp.
Indicator : 2 drops of mureoxide
End Point : Colour changes from yellow to violet
Unknown
Ni
solution
Made up Ni
solution
Colour
changes from
yellow to violet
Unknown Ni
solution made
up to 100ml
Made up
Ni solution
+ NH3
buffer
Made up Ni
solution
+ NH3 buffer +
Mureoxide
6.
7.
8. RESULT:
The amount of nickel present in the 100 ml of the
given solution--------------g
9. VIVA - VOCE QUESTIONS
1. What is EBT?
2. Abbreviate EDTA & EBT.
3. Why do we use ammonia buffer solution?
4. Name the oxidizing and reducing agent used in the experiment.
5. What is the principle behind in this experiment?
6. Name the indicator used in the experiment.
7. Write the end point for mureoxide indicator.
雅虎竞拍
煤炉代买
paypay商城
乐天二手
日本亚马逊
乐天新品
ZOZOTOWN
