ๅฐŠๆ•ฌ็š„ ๅพฎไฟกๆฑ‡็Ž‡๏ผš1ๅ†† โ‰ˆ 0.046606 ๅ…ƒ ๆ”ฏไป˜ๅฎๆฑ‡็Ž‡๏ผš1ๅ†† โ‰ˆ 0.046698ๅ…ƒ [้€€ๅ‡บ็™ปๅฝ•]
SlideShare a Scribd company logo
PROJECT REPORT
ON
โ€œStudent Information Management Systemโ€
Submitted by;
Abstract
Student Information Management System can be used by education institutes to
maintain the records of students easily. Achieving this objective is difficult using a
manual system as the information is scattered, can be redundant and collecting relevant
information may be very time consuming. All these problems are solved using this
project.
๏‚ž Computers have become part of humanโ€™s life.
๏‚ž It makes the work easier compared to manually done.
๏‚ž Student Academic management system is a first phase centralized management project.
๏‚ž Academic Management System software helps our college to maintain information about
students, Staffs, fees details, internal exam marks etc.
Name of the Project: Student Management System
AIM
The aim of the academic project is to strengthen the technical skills of the
student what he has learned in the educational institutions under the University
guidelines. According to the university standards the syllabus [ theory ] has been
expertise by the student. For every technical graduates or post graduates of
computer applications the last semester is allocated to do this project. By
executing the technical skills through a project in the form of project work, the
student can be exposed to the software development life cycle. This will be
helpful to answer any questions on the concepts of software engineering and
practice.
Objective:-
๏‚ž Register
๏‚ž Login into student site
๏‚ž Student profile.
๏‚ž Student attendance.
๏‚ž To selecting slot and faculty for time table.
๏‚ž Selecting time slot
๏‚ž These are the various tasks that need to be performed by website.
๏‚ž Logout.
Key Stackeholders:
๏‚— Understanding the business drivers and ensuring that the project fits with
the strategy for their area of the business
๏‚— Providing detailed requirements and a financial plan
๏‚— Committing the necessary resources
๏‚— Taking ownership of appropriate deliverables
๏‚— Establish the training and support requirements
๏‚— Identifying and resolving any project issues and risks, especially those
associated with managing change during the transition phase
๏‚— Project closure
๏‚— Students and Staff are the Most Important Stakeholders and Customers on
Campus
๏‚—
๏‚— A college or university has six major stakeholder groups when it comes to
hospitality and customer service:
๏‚— Students
๏‚— Staff
๏‚— Faculty.
๏‚— Parents.
๏‚— Administrators
PROJECT DESCRIPTION:
Student Information Management System can be used by education institutes to
maintain the records of students easily. Achieving this objective is difficult using a
manual system as the information is scattered, can be redundant and collecting relevant
information may be very time consuming. All these problems are solved using this
project.
Functional requirements
๏‚ž Creation of New Record: This function creates a record for a new student.
๏‚ž Deletion of Record: This function is used to delete the existing record of any
student.
๏‚ž Updation in Record: This function updates the information in a record of any
student.
๏‚ž Display of data in Record: This function displays the record of the student.
1. Event And Workshop Organization.
2. Student Registration.
3. Staff Registration
5. Login
6.Updating.
7. Viewing Of Marks and Attendance By Students.
8. Maintenance of Attendance & Marks By Faculty.
9. Time Table Generation and Scheduling.
10. Report Generation.
Non Functional requirements
A) Security:
Only authorized users can access the system with username and password.
B) Performance:
Easy tracking of records and updation can be done.
C) User friendly:
The system is very interactive.
D) Maintainability:
Backups for database are available.
Architecture and Design aspects
Student registration:
1. First of all student have to fill the offline admission.
2. After filling the admission form next step is to pay the amount of the admission fee.
3. If the student is not paying the amount till the due date your admission form will be
rejected.
4. If you have filled the registration form then you will be given a unique code
generation.
5. After getting the unique code generation student is required to give the attested
copies of his/her testimonials.
6. Now he/she will be provided with an admit card via post or e-mail which includes a
unique roll number.
Attendance:
1. it is a user-friendly, flexible and full featured employee attendance management
tool which allows controlling studentโ€™ attendance
2. By automatic timekeeping and attendance tracking.
3. Captures data from time and attendance terminals, and simultaneously allows
optional PC entry.
4. Enables performing some key HR functions such as tracking absences, vacations,
etc.
Student exam fee payments:
๏‚ž university student payment system is an online based application system.
๏‚ž It is mainly an accounting system but it is not a conventional accounting system.
๏‚ž It has specialty; it is specific only for students
Student performance:
1. Develop learning objectives/outcomes
2. check for alignment between the curriculum and the objectives/outcomes
3. develop assessment plan
4. collect assessment data
5. use results to improve the program
6. routinely examine the assessment process and correct, as needed.
Technology used:
HTML
PHP
Advantages and Disadvantages
๏‚— Discussed below are some worthy reasons to use ERP(enterprise resource
planning) software for college management system.
๏‚— Reducing the work load
๏‚— Increasing productivity
๏‚— Better control
๏‚— Security of data and records
๏‚— Real time reports
๏‚— Better student relations
Disadvantages
๏‚— There are numbers of disadvantages of exiting institute system. The
existing system has several modules like admission, schedule, library,
account etc. All these modules currently run manually and on basis of
paper.
๏‚— There are many drawbacks of current system. The existing system
contains attendance module which is actually paper base and it has several
downsides like misplacement of attendance sheet, time consuming etc.
๏‚— The current existing system has some of few advantages which are like
less hardware and software required, cheap in comparison of computerized
system.
๏‚— In the current system most of work are done by manually and based on
paper. Because of these reason the requirement of hardware and software
is very less. And the requirement of hardware and software so less thatโ€™s
why the cost of the system is low in comparison of computerized system.
Project outcomes
๏ถ The project is designed keeping in view the day to day problems faced by a college.
๏ถ Deployment of our application will certainly help the college to reduce unnecessary
wastage of time in personally going to each department for some information
๏ถ Awareness and right information about any college is essential for both the
development of student as well as faculty.
Future scope
๏ƒ˜ Online examination module would be introduced to conduct online examination.
๏ƒ˜ Further, the faculty can upload the videos of their lectures on this site and students who
had missed those classes can view those videos.
Annexure-1:Screen shots
Annexure11:Source code
Register
<?php
require("title.php");
?>
<link href="sign1.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" />
<link href="mainsign.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" />
<?php
require("part1.php");
?>
<div class="sign">
<fieldset>
<legend>Login Form</legend>
<form action="logged.php" method="post">
<table>
<tr>
<td><input id="user" type="text" name="username" maxlength="60" size="60" placeholder="Enter
username" required='required' /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><input id="pass" type="password" name="password" maxlength="40" size="60"
placeholder="Enter password" required='required' /></td>
</tr>
<tr class="sub">
<td><input class="sub" type="submit" value="Sign In" /></td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</fieldset>
</div>
<?php
require("part2.php");
?>
Successful of register
<?php
mysql_connect("localhost","root","")or die("could not connect to database.");
mysql_select_db("student")or die("Server busy!!!!");
?<?php
require("title.php");
?>
<link href="index.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" />
<link href="mainsign.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" />
<style type="text/css">
div.seenow{
width:100%;
overflow:auto;
}
div.seenow p{
margin:100px auto;
width:60%;
background-color:white;
font-size:25px;
padding:10px;
text-align:center;
}
div.seenow a:link{
text-align:center;
color:black;
font-family:sans-serif;
font-size:30px;
text-decoration:none;
border:2px solid white;
border-radius:3px;
padding:3px;
}
div.seenow a:visited{
text-align:center;
color:black;
font-family:sans-serif;
font-size:30px;
text-decoration:none;
border:2px solid white;
border-radius:3px;
padding:3px;
}
div.seenow a:hover{
border:5px solid pink;
color:hsla(0,20%,60%,1);
}
</style>
<?php
require("style1.php");
?>
<div class="seenow">
<?php
$name=$_POST["username"];
$email=$_POST["email"];
$password=$_POST["password"];
$repeat_password=$_POST["password1"];
$tdate=date("Y-m-d");
if(strlen($name)<6){
echo "<p>Name should atleast have 6 characters.<br />
Go back and try again.</p>";
exit;
}
if(strlen($password)<8){
echo "<p>Passwword should atleast have 8 characters.<br />
Go back and try again.</p>";
exit;
}
if($password!=$repeat_password){
echo "<p>Your password and repeat password does not match.<br />
Go back and try again.</p>";
exit;
}
$uquery=mysql_query("SELECT username FROM students WHERE username='$name'");
$num_rowuser=mysql_num_rows($uquery);
if($num_rowuser!=0){
echo "<p>A user with the username already exist.<br />
Go back and try again.</p>";
exit;
}
$equery=mysql_query("SELECT email FROM students WHERE email='$email'");
$num_rowemail=mysql_num_rows($equery);
if($num_rowemail!=0){
echo "<p>A user already registered with this mail.<br />Go back and try again.
</p>";
exit;
}
$insert=mysql_query("INSERT INTO students VALUES('','$name','$email','$password','$tdate','-','-','-','-','-
','-','-','-','-','-','-','-')");
echo "<p>Hi ".$name." you have been successfully registered.<br /><br />
<a href='mainsign.php'>Sign In</a></p>";
?>
</div>
<?php
require("style2.php");
?>
Sign form
<?php
require("sign1.php");
?>
<div class="sign">
<fieldset>
<legend>Sign In Form</legend>
<form action="signsee.php" method="post">
<table>
<tr>
<td><input id="user" type="text" name="username" maxlength="60" size="60" required="required"
placeholder="Enter your username" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><input id="pass" type="password" name="password" maxlength="60" size="60"
required="required" placeholder="Enter your password" /></td>
</tr>
<tr class="sub">
<td><input class="sub" type="submit" value="Sign In" /></td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</fieldset>
</div>
<?php
require("sign2.php");
?>
After sign in display page code
<?php
mysql_connect("localhost","root","")or die("could not connect to database.");
mysql_select_db("student")or die("Server busy!!!!");
?>
<?php
require("title.php");
?>
<link href="index.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" />
<link href="mainsign.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" />
<style type="text/css">
div.seenow{
width:100%;
overflow:auto;
}
div.seenow p{
height:220px;
margin:100px auto;
width:60%;
background-color:white;
font-size:25px;
padding:10px;
text-align:center;
}
div.seenow a:link{
text-align:center;
color:black;
font-family:sans-serif;
font-size:30px;
text-decoration:none;
border:2px solid white;
border-radius:3px;
padding:3px;
}
div.seenow a:visited{
text-align:center;
color:black;
font-family:sans-serif;
font-size:30px;
text-decoration:none;
border:2px solid white;
border-radius:3px;
padding:3px;
}
div.seenow a:hover{
border:5px solid pink;
color:hsla(0,20%,60%,1);
}
</style>
<?php
require("style1.php");
?>
<div class="seenow">
<?php
$name=$_POST["username"];
$password=$_POST["password"];
$select=mysql_query("SELECT * FROM students WHERE username='$name'");
$num_rows=mysql_num_rows($select);
if($num_rows==0){
echo "<p>No user with the username.<br />You should create new account.</p>";
exit;
}
while($row=mysql_fetch_assoc($select)){
$dbname=$row["username"];
$dbpassword=$row["password"];
if($dbname==$name && $dbpassword==$password){
echo "<p>You are in!!!.<a href='profile.php'>Click here</a> to go to main page.</p>";
session_start();
$_SESSION["username"]=$dbname;
}else{
echo "<p>Incorrect password.<br />Go back and try again.</p>";
exit;
}
}
?>
</div>
<?php
require("style2.php");
?>
Student enter his details form code
<?php
mysql_connect("localhost","root","")or die("could not connect to database.");
mysql_select_db("student")or die("Server busy!!!!");
?>
<?php
require("title.php");
?>
<link href="index.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" />
<link href="mainsign.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" />
<style type="text/css">
label{
color:white;
font-size:25px;
}
div.sign fieldset{
height:300px;
}
</style>
<?php
require("logo1.php");
?>
<div class="sign">
<fieldset>
<legend>Enter Details</legend>
<form action="detailsee.php" method="post">
<table>
<tr>
<td><label>Gender</label></td>
<td><input type="radio" name="gender" value="f" id="female" checked="checked" /><label
for="female">Female</label>
<input type="radio" name="gender" value="m" id="male" /><label for="male">Male</label></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><label>Date Of Birth</label></td>
<td><input type="date" name="dob" required="required" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><label>Phone Number</label></td>
<td><input type="text" name="phone" required="required" maxlength="10" /></td>
</tr>
<tr class="sub">
<td colspan="2"><input class="sub" type="submit" value="Submit" /></td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</fieldset>
</div>
<?php
require("style2.php");
?>
After registering student details display wep page code
<?php
mysql_connect("localhost","root","")or die("could not connect to database.");
mysql_select_db("student")or die("Server busy!!!!");
session_start();
@$sing=$_SESSION["username"];
?>
<?php
require("title.php");
?>
<link href="index.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" />
<link href="mainsign.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" />
<style type="text/css">
div.seenow{
width:100%;
overflow:auto;
}
div.seenow p{
height:220px;
margin:100px auto;
width:60%;
background-color:white;
font-size:25px;
padding:10px;
text-align:center;
}
div.seenow a:link{
text-align:center;
color:black;
font-family:sans-serif;
font-size:30px;
text-decoration:none;
border:2px solid white;
border-radius:3px;
padding:3px;
}
div.seenow a:visited{
text-align:center;
color:black;
font-family:sans-serif;
font-size:30px;
text-decoration:none;
border:2px solid white;
border-radius:3px;
padding:3px;
}
div.seenow a:hover{
border:5px solid pink;
color:hsla(0,20%,60%,1);
}
</style>
<?php
require("logo1.php");
?>
<div class="seenow">
<?php
if(@$_SESSION["username"]){
$gender=$_POST["gender"];
$dob=$_POST["dob"];
$phone=$_POST["phone"];
if(strlen($phone)<10){
echo "<p>Phone should have 10 numbers.<br />Go back and try again.</p>";
exit;
}
if(is_numeric($phone)==0){
echo "Please enter correct number.";
exit;
}
$se=mysql_query("SELECT phone FROM students WHERE phone='$phone'");
$num_rows=mysql_num_rows($se);
if($num_rows!=0){
echo "<p>A user already registered with this number.<br />
Go back and try again</p>";
exit;
}
$ge=mysql_query("SELECT * FROM students WHERE username='$sing'");
$ge_rows=mysql_num_rows($ge);
while($row=mysql_fetch_assoc($ge)){
$dgender=$row["gender"];
$ddob=$row["dob"];
$dphone=$row["phone"];
if(strlen($dgender)>1 && strlen($ddob)>1 && strlen($dphone)>1){
echo "<p>You have already update your details.<br />You cannot
change it till a year.</p>";
exit;
}
}
switch($gender){
case 'f':
$gender='female';
break;
case 'm':
$gender='male';
break;
}
$insert=mysql_query("UPDATE students SET gender='$gender' WHERE username='$sing'");
$insert1=mysql_query("UPDATE students SET dob='$dob' WHERE username='$sing'");
$insert2=mysql_query("UPDATE students SET phone='$phone' WHERE username='$sing'");
echo "<p>You have succesfully updated your account!!!!</p>";
}else{
echo "<p>You must be logged in!!!.</p>";
}
?>
</div>
<?php
require("style2.php");
?>
To registering subjects code
<?php
mysql_connect("localhost","root","")or die("could not connect to database.");
mysql_select_db("student")or die("Server busy!!!!");
session_start();
@$sing=$_SESSION["username"];
?>
<?php
require("title.php");
?>
<link href="index.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" />
<link href="mainsign.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" />
<style type="text/css">
label{
color:white;
font-size:25px;
}
div.sign fieldset{
height:330px;
}
</style>
<?php
require("logo1.php");
?>
<div class="sign">
<?php
if(@$sing){
echo"<fieldset>
<legend>Subject & Professor</legend>
<form action='subsee.php' method='post'>
<table>
<tr>
<td><label>Core Subject</label></td>
<td><select name='core'>
<option value='1'>Data Structures</option>
<option value='2'>Embeded Theory</option>
<option value='3'>Machine Learning</option>
</select></td>
<td><label>Proffessor</label></td>
<td><select name='cproff'>
<option value='1'>Prof.Punambal</option>
<option value='2'>Prof.Nandani</option>
<option value='3'>Prof.Vishnu</option>
</select></td>
<td><label>Select Timing</label></td>
<td><select name='time1'>
<option value='1'>8:00 to 9:00 AM Monday</option>
<option value='2'>8:00 to 9:00 AM Tuesday</option>
<option value='3'>8:00 to 9:00 AM Wednesday</option>
</select></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><label>Univesity Subject</label></td>
<td><select name='university'>
<option value='1'>Web Development</option>
<option value='2'>App Designing</option>
<option value='3'>SQL</option>
</select></td>
<td><label>Proffessor</label></td>
<td><select name='uproff'>
<option value='1'>Prof.Ajith Kumar</option>
<option value='2'>Prof.Iswarya</option>
<option value='3'>Prof.Hemasree</option>
</select></td>
<td><label>Select Timing</label></td>
<td><select name='time2'>
<option value='1'>10:00 to 11:00 AM Monday</option>
<option value='2'>10:00 to 11:00 AM Tuesday</option>
<option value='3'>10:00 to 11:00 AM Wednesday</option>
</select></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><label>Course Subject</label></td>
<td><select name='course'>
<option value='1'>C language</option>
<option value='2'>OOPS</option>
<option value='3'>JAVA</option>
</select></td>
<td><label>Proffessor</label></td>
<td><select name='coproff'>
<option value='1'>Prof.Sreeram</option>
<option value='2'>Prof.Anith</option>
<option value='3'>Prof.Gnanesh</option>
</select></td>
<td><label>Select Timing</label></td>
<td><select name='time3'>
<option value='1'>2:00 to 3:00 PM Monday</option>
<option value='2'>2:00 to 3:00 PM Tuesday</option>
<option value='3'>2:00 to 3:00 PM Wednesday</option>
</select></td>
</tr>
<tr class='sub'>
<td colspan='2'><input type='submit' value='Select' class='sub' /></td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</fieldset>";
}else{
echo "<table><td><label>You must be logged in!!!!</label></td></table>";
}
?>
</div>
<?php
require("style2.php");
?>
After registering subjects display web-page coding
<?php
mysql_connect("localhost","root","")or die("could not connect to database.");
mysql_select_db("student")or die("Server busy!!!!");
session_start();
@$sing=$_SESSION["username"];
?>
<?php
require("title.php");
?>
<link href="index.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" />
<link href="mainsign.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" />
<style type="text/css">
p{
color:white;
font-size:40px;
margin-top:100px;
text-align:center;
}
</style>
<?php
require("logo1.php");
?>
<div class="seenow">
<?php
if(@$sing){
$core=$_POST["core"];
$university=$_POST["university"];
$course=$_POST["course"];
$cprof=$_POST["cproff"];
$uprof=$_POST["uproff"];
$coprof=$_POST["coproff"];
$time1=$_POST["time1"];
$time2=$_POST["time2"];
$time3=$_POST["time3"];
switch($core){
case 1:
$core="Data Structures";
break;
case 2:
$core="Embeded Systems";
break;
case 3:
$core="Machine learning";
}
switch($university){
case 1:
$university="Web Development";
break;
case 2:
$university="App Designing";
break;
case 3:
$university="SQL";
}
switch($course){
case 1:
$course="C Language";
break;
case 2:
$course="OOPS";
break;
case 3:
$course="Java";
}
switch($cprof){
case 1:
$cprof="Prof.Punambal";
break;
case 2:
$cprof="Prof.Nandani";
break;
case 3:
$cprof="Prof.Vishnu";
}
switch($uprof){
case 1:
$uprof="Prof.Ajith";
break;
case 2:
$uprof="Prof.Iswarya";
break;
case 3:
$uprof="Prof.Hemasree";
}
switch($coprof){
case 1:
$coprof="Prof.SreeRam";
break;
case 2:
$coprof="Prof.Anith";
break;
case 3:
$coprof="Prof.Gnanesh";
}
switch($time1){
case 1:
$time1="8:00 to 9:00 AM Monday";
break;
case 2:
$time1="8:00 to 9:00 AM Tuesday";
break;
case 3:
$time1="8:00 to 9:00 AM Wednesday";
}
switch($time2){
case 1:
$time2="10:00 to 11:00 AM Monday";
break;
case 2:
$time2="10:00 to 11:00 AM Tuesday";
break;
case 3:
$time2="10:00 to 11:00 AM Wednesday";
}
switch($time3){
case 1:
$time3="2:00 to 3:00 PM Monday";
break;
case 2:
$time3="2:00 to 3:00 PM Tuesday";
break;
case 3:
$time3="2:00 to 3:00 PM Wednesday";
}
$check=mysql_query("SELECT * FROM students WHERE username='$sing'");
$num_rows=mysql_num_rows($check);
while($row=mysql_fetch_assoc($check)){
$dtime1=$row["time1"];
$dtime2=$row["time2"];
$dtime3=$row["time3"];
if(strlen($dtime1)>1){
echo "<p>You have already selected your subjects,Proffessers and Timings.<br />
You cannot change for a year.</p>";
exit;
}
}
$insert1=mysql_query("UPDATE students SET sub1='$core' WHERE username='$sing'");
$insert2=mysql_query("UPDATE students SET pro1='$cprof' WHERE username='$sing'");
$insert3=mysql_query("UPDATE students SET sub2='$university' WHERE username='$sing'");
$insert4=mysql_query("UPDATE students SET pro2='$uprof' WHERE username='$sing'");
$insert5=mysql_query("UPDATE students SET sub3='$course' WHERE username='$sing'");
$insert6=mysql_query("UPDATE students SET pro3='$coprof' WHERE username='$sing'");
$insert7=mysql_query("UPDATE students SET time1='$time1' WHERE username='$sing'");
$insert8=mysql_query("UPDATE students SET time2='$time2' WHERE username='$sing'");
$insert9=mysql_query("UPDATE students SET time3='$time3' WHERE username='$sing'");
echo "<p>You have selected your Subiects,Proffesers,Timings.</p>";
}else{
echo "<p>You must be logged in!!!</p>";
}
?>
</div>
<?php
require("style2.php");
?>
Logout form web-page coding
<?php
mysql_connect("localhost","root","")or die("could not connect to database.");
mysql_select_db("student")or die("Server busy!!!!");
session_start();
@$sing=$_SESSION["username"];
?>
<?php
require("title.php");
?>
<link href="index.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" />
<link href="mainsign.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" />
<style type="text/css">
div.seenow{
width:100%;
overflow:auto;
height:450px;
}
div.seenow p{
height:220px;
margin:100px auto;
width:60%;
background-color:white;
font-size:25px;
padding:10px;
text-align:center;
}
div.seenow a:link{
text-align:center;
color:black;
font-family:sans-serif;
font-size:30px;
text-decoration:none;
border:2px solid white;
border-radius:3px;
border-color:black;
padding:3px;
}
div.seenow a:visited{
text-align:center;
color:black;
font-family:sans-serif;
font-size:30px;
text-decoration:none;
border:2px solid white;
border-radius:3px;
border-color:black;
padding:3px;
}
div.seenow a:hover{
border:5px solid pink;
color:hsla(0,20%,60%,1);
}
</style>
<?php
require("logo1.php");
?>
<div class="seenow">
<?php
session_destroy();
echo "<p>You ahve been logged out!!!!.<br /><br /><a href='mainsign.php'>Sign In</a></p>";
?>
</div>
<?php
require("style2.php");
?>
Annexure111:Test cases and test results
๏ƒ˜ In software development, there are costs associated with testing our programs.
๏ƒ˜ Quality is much more important for safety- or mission critical software e.g. aviation
software.
๏ƒ˜ Goal of testing covering many defects as possible with a little testing.
Black-box testing uses test cases that check known inputs against expected results. Itโ€™s as if the
application code was in a black box and you do not care and cannot obtain knowledge about
the internal logic and structure of the application. Rather, your goal is to write test cases that
find the circumstances where the application does not respond as required, revealing a bug or
defect. Following is a diagram illustrating the process of black-box testing
White-box testing and test cases
White-box testing and test cases are primarily concerned with achieving the broadest possible
coverage of the source code. Therefore, the testers must be familiar with the logic of the
application and use this knowledge to create test cases that execute as much of the code as
possible. Again, the goal is to break the system.
White box test cases test different control flow paths in a program. The test cases also test
decision points (true and false), execute loops, and check internal data structures of the
application. Basis path testing, equivalence partitioning, and boundary value analysis are all
used to create white box tests. Equivalence partitioning divides the set of possible input values
into equivalence classes. Only a value from each of the equivalence classes needs to be tested.
Boundary value analysis looks at testing around a set boundary. The following diagram
illustrates the process of whitebox testing.
Writing test cases
Written specifications and user documentation can provide you with excellent information for
making test cases. Later, you can write more test cases based on the function and flow of the
application. At this point, you are ready to group test cases together to form a test procedure.
Finally, you can automate the running of test cases for regression testing. This way the testers
and others in QA can work on checking new functionality.
Following is a simple example of fields that you commonly see in test cases.
Test case ID
Unit to test
Assumptions
Test data
Steps to be executed
Expected result
Actual result
Pass/Fail
Student acadamic system Final report

More Related Content

What's hot

School management system
School management systemSchool management system
School management system
Santosh Sah
ย 
College mgmnt system
College mgmnt systemCollege mgmnt system
College mgmnt system
Sayali Birari
ย 
College management project
College management projectCollege management project
College management project
Akhilesh Jha
ย 
Student management system
Student management systemStudent management system
Student management system
Student
ย 
Student Management System Presentation Slide
Student Management System Presentation  SlideStudent Management System Presentation  Slide
Student Management System Presentation Slide
Riajul islam Leon
ย 
Student database management system
Student database management systemStudent database management system
Student database management system
Snehal Raut
ย 
College management-system
College management-systemCollege management-system
College management-system
karthik10435
ย 
Synopsis of online student feedback system(cse)
Synopsis of online student feedback system(cse)Synopsis of online student feedback system(cse)
Synopsis of online student feedback system(cse)
shindept123
ย 
Student attendance system using barcode
Student attendance system using barcodeStudent attendance system using barcode
Student attendance system using barcode
Ganeshgg Ganesh
ย 
College management system ppt
College management system pptCollege management system ppt
College management system ppt
Shanthan Reddy
ย 
College Management System
College Management SystemCollege Management System
College Management System
Asfaque Khalid
ย 
Student database management system
Student database management systemStudent database management system
Student database management system
Arpita Naik
ย 
College Department Management System
College Department Management SystemCollege Department Management System
College Department Management System
JIGAR MAKHIJA
ย 
Studentmanagementsystem
StudentmanagementsystemStudentmanagementsystem
Studentmanagementsystem
1amitgupta
ย 
Result Management System
Result Management SystemResult Management System
Result Management System
Mehedi Hasan Raju
ย 
Student management system
Student management systemStudent management system
Student management system
Amit Gandhi
ย 
Student Marks Analyzing System-Problem Statement, SRS, ERD, DFD, Structured C...
Student Marks Analyzing System-Problem Statement, SRS, ERD, DFD, Structured C...Student Marks Analyzing System-Problem Statement, SRS, ERD, DFD, Structured C...
Student Marks Analyzing System-Problem Statement, SRS, ERD, DFD, Structured C...
grandhiprasuna
ย 
Presentation Slides of College Management System Report
Presentation Slides of College Management System ReportPresentation Slides of College Management System Report
Presentation Slides of College Management System Report
MuhammadHusnainRaza
ย 
student database management system
student database management systemstudent database management system
student database management system
Md. Riadul Islam
ย 
Student information system project report
Student information system project reportStudent information system project report
Student information system project report
Suman Chandra
ย 

What's hot (20)

School management system
School management systemSchool management system
School management system
ย 
College mgmnt system
College mgmnt systemCollege mgmnt system
College mgmnt system
ย 
College management project
College management projectCollege management project
College management project
ย 
Student management system
Student management systemStudent management system
Student management system
ย 
Student Management System Presentation Slide
Student Management System Presentation  SlideStudent Management System Presentation  Slide
Student Management System Presentation Slide
ย 
Student database management system
Student database management systemStudent database management system
Student database management system
ย 
College management-system
College management-systemCollege management-system
College management-system
ย 
Synopsis of online student feedback system(cse)
Synopsis of online student feedback system(cse)Synopsis of online student feedback system(cse)
Synopsis of online student feedback system(cse)
ย 
Student attendance system using barcode
Student attendance system using barcodeStudent attendance system using barcode
Student attendance system using barcode
ย 
College management system ppt
College management system pptCollege management system ppt
College management system ppt
ย 
College Management System
College Management SystemCollege Management System
College Management System
ย 
Student database management system
Student database management systemStudent database management system
Student database management system
ย 
College Department Management System
College Department Management SystemCollege Department Management System
College Department Management System
ย 
Studentmanagementsystem
StudentmanagementsystemStudentmanagementsystem
Studentmanagementsystem
ย 
Result Management System
Result Management SystemResult Management System
Result Management System
ย 
Student management system
Student management systemStudent management system
Student management system
ย 
Student Marks Analyzing System-Problem Statement, SRS, ERD, DFD, Structured C...
Student Marks Analyzing System-Problem Statement, SRS, ERD, DFD, Structured C...Student Marks Analyzing System-Problem Statement, SRS, ERD, DFD, Structured C...
Student Marks Analyzing System-Problem Statement, SRS, ERD, DFD, Structured C...
ย 
Presentation Slides of College Management System Report
Presentation Slides of College Management System ReportPresentation Slides of College Management System Report
Presentation Slides of College Management System Report
ย 
student database management system
student database management systemstudent database management system
student database management system
ย 
Student information system project report
Student information system project reportStudent information system project report
Student information system project report
ย 

Similar to Student acadamic system Final report

University management System project report..pdf
University management System project report..pdfUniversity management System project report..pdf
University management System project report..pdf
Kamal Acharya
ย 
School management system project Report.pdf
School management system project Report.pdfSchool management system project Report.pdf
School management system project Report.pdf
Kamal Acharya
ย 
Online attendance management system
Online attendance management systemOnline attendance management system
Online attendance management system
Deepankar Sandhibigraha
ย 
Student information management system.pdf
Student information management system.pdfStudent information management system.pdf
Student information management system.pdf
Kamal Acharya
ย 
Sumer traning
Sumer traningSumer traning
Sumer traning
MijanurRahman95
ย 
PORT FOLIO
PORT FOLIOPORT FOLIO
PORT FOLIO
PALLAVI GUPTA
ย 
Ignou MCA mini project report
Ignou MCA mini project reportIgnou MCA mini project report
Ignou MCA mini project report
Hitesh Jangid
ย 
Student Management Program SystemFINAL PROJECT Presentation.docx
Student Management Program SystemFINAL PROJECT Presentation.docxStudent Management Program SystemFINAL PROJECT Presentation.docx
Student Management Program SystemFINAL PROJECT Presentation.docx
deanmtaylor1545
ย 
IRJET- Exam Cell Automation
IRJET-  	  Exam Cell AutomationIRJET-  	  Exam Cell Automation
IRJET- Exam Cell Automation
IRJET Journal
ย 
SCHOOL_MANAGEMENT_SYSTEM_This_Report_Pre.doc
SCHOOL_MANAGEMENT_SYSTEM_This_Report_Pre.docSCHOOL_MANAGEMENT_SYSTEM_This_Report_Pre.doc
SCHOOL_MANAGEMENT_SYSTEM_This_Report_Pre.doc
bosed0737
ย 
Project report-on-student-information-management-system-php-mysql
Project report-on-student-information-management-system-php-mysqlProject report-on-student-information-management-system-php-mysql
Project report-on-student-information-management-system-php-mysql
Raj Sharma
ย 
School admission process management system (Documention)
School admission process management system (Documention)School admission process management system (Documention)
School admission process management system (Documention)
Shital Kat
ย 
Studentinformationmanagementsystem.pdf iyr
Studentinformationmanagementsystem.pdf iyrStudentinformationmanagementsystem.pdf iyr
Studentinformationmanagementsystem.pdf iyr
053VENKADESHKUMARVK
ย 
Online course registration system development software engineering project pr...
Online course registration system development software engineering project pr...Online course registration system development software engineering project pr...
Online course registration system development software engineering project pr...
MD.HABIBUR Rahman
ย 
Documentation project of college management [1]
Documentation project of college management [1]Documentation project of college management [1]
Documentation project of college management [1]
Priyaranjan Verma
ย 
Schooladmissionprocessmanagement 140227084915-phpapp01
Schooladmissionprocessmanagement 140227084915-phpapp01Schooladmissionprocessmanagement 140227084915-phpapp01
Schooladmissionprocessmanagement 140227084915-phpapp01
Aarambhi Manke
ย 
College Result presentation report pdf and
College Result presentation report pdf andCollege Result presentation report pdf and
College Result presentation report pdf and
bhagyavantrajapur88
ย 
Final project report
Final project reportFinal project report
Final project report
Mahul Sompura
ย 
IRJET- GULEC
IRJET-  	  GULECIRJET-  	  GULEC
IRJET- GULEC
IRJET Journal
ย 
Attendance management system project report.
Attendance management system project report.Attendance management system project report.
Attendance management system project report.
Manoj Kumar
ย 

Similar to Student acadamic system Final report (20)

University management System project report..pdf
University management System project report..pdfUniversity management System project report..pdf
University management System project report..pdf
ย 
School management system project Report.pdf
School management system project Report.pdfSchool management system project Report.pdf
School management system project Report.pdf
ย 
Online attendance management system
Online attendance management systemOnline attendance management system
Online attendance management system
ย 
Student information management system.pdf
Student information management system.pdfStudent information management system.pdf
Student information management system.pdf
ย 
Sumer traning
Sumer traningSumer traning
Sumer traning
ย 
PORT FOLIO
PORT FOLIOPORT FOLIO
PORT FOLIO
ย 
Ignou MCA mini project report
Ignou MCA mini project reportIgnou MCA mini project report
Ignou MCA mini project report
ย 
Student Management Program SystemFINAL PROJECT Presentation.docx
Student Management Program SystemFINAL PROJECT Presentation.docxStudent Management Program SystemFINAL PROJECT Presentation.docx
Student Management Program SystemFINAL PROJECT Presentation.docx
ย 
IRJET- Exam Cell Automation
IRJET-  	  Exam Cell AutomationIRJET-  	  Exam Cell Automation
IRJET- Exam Cell Automation
ย 
SCHOOL_MANAGEMENT_SYSTEM_This_Report_Pre.doc
SCHOOL_MANAGEMENT_SYSTEM_This_Report_Pre.docSCHOOL_MANAGEMENT_SYSTEM_This_Report_Pre.doc
SCHOOL_MANAGEMENT_SYSTEM_This_Report_Pre.doc
ย 
Project report-on-student-information-management-system-php-mysql
Project report-on-student-information-management-system-php-mysqlProject report-on-student-information-management-system-php-mysql
Project report-on-student-information-management-system-php-mysql
ย 
School admission process management system (Documention)
School admission process management system (Documention)School admission process management system (Documention)
School admission process management system (Documention)
ย 
Studentinformationmanagementsystem.pdf iyr
Studentinformationmanagementsystem.pdf iyrStudentinformationmanagementsystem.pdf iyr
Studentinformationmanagementsystem.pdf iyr
ย 
Online course registration system development software engineering project pr...
Online course registration system development software engineering project pr...Online course registration system development software engineering project pr...
Online course registration system development software engineering project pr...
ย 
Documentation project of college management [1]
Documentation project of college management [1]Documentation project of college management [1]
Documentation project of college management [1]
ย 
Schooladmissionprocessmanagement 140227084915-phpapp01
Schooladmissionprocessmanagement 140227084915-phpapp01Schooladmissionprocessmanagement 140227084915-phpapp01
Schooladmissionprocessmanagement 140227084915-phpapp01
ย 
College Result presentation report pdf and
College Result presentation report pdf andCollege Result presentation report pdf and
College Result presentation report pdf and
ย 
Final project report
Final project reportFinal project report
Final project report
ย 
IRJET- GULEC
IRJET-  	  GULECIRJET-  	  GULEC
IRJET- GULEC
ย 
Attendance management system project report.
Attendance management system project report.Attendance management system project report.
Attendance management system project report.
ย 

Recently uploaded

Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit Innovation
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit InnovationLeveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit Innovation
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit Innovation
TechSoup
ย 
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...
PECB
ย 
Juneteenth Freedom Day 2024 David Douglas School District
Juneteenth Freedom Day 2024 David Douglas School DistrictJuneteenth Freedom Day 2024 David Douglas School District
Juneteenth Freedom Day 2024 David Douglas School District
David Douglas School District
ย 
Prรฉsentationvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv2.pptx
Prรฉsentationvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv2.pptxPrรฉsentationvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv2.pptx
Prรฉsentationvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv2.pptx
siemaillard
ย 
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Ab...
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Ab...What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Ab...
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Ab...
GeorgeMilliken2
ย 
Nutrition Inc FY 2024, 4 - Hour Training
Nutrition Inc FY 2024, 4 - Hour TrainingNutrition Inc FY 2024, 4 - Hour Training
Nutrition Inc FY 2024, 4 - Hour Training
melliereed
ย 
The basics of sentences session 7pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 7pptx.pptxThe basics of sentences session 7pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 7pptx.pptx
heathfieldcps1
ย 
Bร€I TแบฌP Bแป” TRแปข TIแบพNG ANH LแปšP 9 Cแบข Nฤ‚M - GLOBAL SUCCESS - Nฤ‚M HแปŒC 2024-2025 - ...
Bร€I TแบฌP Bแป” TRแปข TIแบพNG ANH LแปšP 9 Cแบข Nฤ‚M - GLOBAL SUCCESS - Nฤ‚M HแปŒC 2024-2025 - ...Bร€I TแบฌP Bแป” TRแปข TIแบพNG ANH LแปšP 9 Cแบข Nฤ‚M - GLOBAL SUCCESS - Nฤ‚M HแปŒC 2024-2025 - ...
Bร€I TแบฌP Bแป” TRแปข TIแบพNG ANH LแปšP 9 Cแบข Nฤ‚M - GLOBAL SUCCESS - Nฤ‚M HแปŒC 2024-2025 - ...
Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
ย 
C1 Rubenstein AP HuG xxxxxxxxxxxxxx.pptx
C1 Rubenstein AP HuG xxxxxxxxxxxxxx.pptxC1 Rubenstein AP HuG xxxxxxxxxxxxxx.pptx
C1 Rubenstein AP HuG xxxxxxxxxxxxxx.pptx
mulvey2
ย 
How to Predict Vendor Bill Product in Odoo 17
How to Predict Vendor Bill Product in Odoo 17How to Predict Vendor Bill Product in Odoo 17
How to Predict Vendor Bill Product in Odoo 17
Celine George
ย 
RHEOLOGY Physical pharmaceutics-II notes for B.pharm 4th sem students
RHEOLOGY Physical pharmaceutics-II notes for B.pharm 4th sem studentsRHEOLOGY Physical pharmaceutics-II notes for B.pharm 4th sem students
RHEOLOGY Physical pharmaceutics-II notes for B.pharm 4th sem students
Himanshu Rai
ย 
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdf
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfWalmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdf
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdf
TechSoup
ย 
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) Curriculum
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) CurriculumPhilippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) Curriculum
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) Curriculum
MJDuyan
ย 
skeleton System.pdf (skeleton system wow)
skeleton System.pdf (skeleton system wow)skeleton System.pdf (skeleton system wow)
skeleton System.pdf (skeleton system wow)
Mohammad Al-Dhahabi
ย 
Mule event processing models | MuleSoft Mysore Meetup #47
Mule event processing models | MuleSoft Mysore Meetup #47Mule event processing models | MuleSoft Mysore Meetup #47
Mule event processing models | MuleSoft Mysore Meetup #47
MysoreMuleSoftMeetup
ย 
NEWSPAPERS - QUESTION 1 - REVISION POWERPOINT.pptx
NEWSPAPERS - QUESTION 1 - REVISION POWERPOINT.pptxNEWSPAPERS - QUESTION 1 - REVISION POWERPOINT.pptx
NEWSPAPERS - QUESTION 1 - REVISION POWERPOINT.pptx
iammrhaywood
ย 
Bonku-Babus-Friend by Sathyajith Ray (9)
Bonku-Babus-Friend by Sathyajith Ray  (9)Bonku-Babus-Friend by Sathyajith Ray  (9)
Bonku-Babus-Friend by Sathyajith Ray (9)
nitinpv4ai
ย 
Pengantar Penggunaan Flutter - Dart programming language1.pptx
Pengantar Penggunaan Flutter - Dart programming language1.pptxPengantar Penggunaan Flutter - Dart programming language1.pptx
Pengantar Penggunaan Flutter - Dart programming language1.pptx
Fajar Baskoro
ย 
Electric Fetus - Record Store Scavenger Hunt
Electric Fetus - Record Store Scavenger HuntElectric Fetus - Record Store Scavenger Hunt
Electric Fetus - Record Store Scavenger Hunt
RamseyBerglund
ย 
Temple of Asclepius in Thrace. Excavation results
Temple of Asclepius in Thrace. Excavation resultsTemple of Asclepius in Thrace. Excavation results
Temple of Asclepius in Thrace. Excavation results
Krassimira Luka
ย 

Recently uploaded (20)

Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit Innovation
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit InnovationLeveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit Innovation
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit Innovation
ย 
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...
ย 
Juneteenth Freedom Day 2024 David Douglas School District
Juneteenth Freedom Day 2024 David Douglas School DistrictJuneteenth Freedom Day 2024 David Douglas School District
Juneteenth Freedom Day 2024 David Douglas School District
ย 
Prรฉsentationvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv2.pptx
Prรฉsentationvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv2.pptxPrรฉsentationvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv2.pptx
Prรฉsentationvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv2.pptx
ย 
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Ab...
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Ab...What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Ab...
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Ab...
ย 
Nutrition Inc FY 2024, 4 - Hour Training
Nutrition Inc FY 2024, 4 - Hour TrainingNutrition Inc FY 2024, 4 - Hour Training
Nutrition Inc FY 2024, 4 - Hour Training
ย 
The basics of sentences session 7pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 7pptx.pptxThe basics of sentences session 7pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 7pptx.pptx
ย 
Bร€I TแบฌP Bแป” TRแปข TIแบพNG ANH LแปšP 9 Cแบข Nฤ‚M - GLOBAL SUCCESS - Nฤ‚M HแปŒC 2024-2025 - ...
Bร€I TแบฌP Bแป” TRแปข TIแบพNG ANH LแปšP 9 Cแบข Nฤ‚M - GLOBAL SUCCESS - Nฤ‚M HแปŒC 2024-2025 - ...Bร€I TแบฌP Bแป” TRแปข TIแบพNG ANH LแปšP 9 Cแบข Nฤ‚M - GLOBAL SUCCESS - Nฤ‚M HแปŒC 2024-2025 - ...
Bร€I TแบฌP Bแป” TRแปข TIแบพNG ANH LแปšP 9 Cแบข Nฤ‚M - GLOBAL SUCCESS - Nฤ‚M HแปŒC 2024-2025 - ...
ย 
C1 Rubenstein AP HuG xxxxxxxxxxxxxx.pptx
C1 Rubenstein AP HuG xxxxxxxxxxxxxx.pptxC1 Rubenstein AP HuG xxxxxxxxxxxxxx.pptx
C1 Rubenstein AP HuG xxxxxxxxxxxxxx.pptx
ย 
How to Predict Vendor Bill Product in Odoo 17
How to Predict Vendor Bill Product in Odoo 17How to Predict Vendor Bill Product in Odoo 17
How to Predict Vendor Bill Product in Odoo 17
ย 
RHEOLOGY Physical pharmaceutics-II notes for B.pharm 4th sem students
RHEOLOGY Physical pharmaceutics-II notes for B.pharm 4th sem studentsRHEOLOGY Physical pharmaceutics-II notes for B.pharm 4th sem students
RHEOLOGY Physical pharmaceutics-II notes for B.pharm 4th sem students
ย 
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdf
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfWalmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdf
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdf
ย 
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) Curriculum
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) CurriculumPhilippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) Curriculum
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) Curriculum
ย 
skeleton System.pdf (skeleton system wow)
skeleton System.pdf (skeleton system wow)skeleton System.pdf (skeleton system wow)
skeleton System.pdf (skeleton system wow)
ย 
Mule event processing models | MuleSoft Mysore Meetup #47
Mule event processing models | MuleSoft Mysore Meetup #47Mule event processing models | MuleSoft Mysore Meetup #47
Mule event processing models | MuleSoft Mysore Meetup #47
ย 
NEWSPAPERS - QUESTION 1 - REVISION POWERPOINT.pptx
NEWSPAPERS - QUESTION 1 - REVISION POWERPOINT.pptxNEWSPAPERS - QUESTION 1 - REVISION POWERPOINT.pptx
NEWSPAPERS - QUESTION 1 - REVISION POWERPOINT.pptx
ย 
Bonku-Babus-Friend by Sathyajith Ray (9)
Bonku-Babus-Friend by Sathyajith Ray  (9)Bonku-Babus-Friend by Sathyajith Ray  (9)
Bonku-Babus-Friend by Sathyajith Ray (9)
ย 
Pengantar Penggunaan Flutter - Dart programming language1.pptx
Pengantar Penggunaan Flutter - Dart programming language1.pptxPengantar Penggunaan Flutter - Dart programming language1.pptx
Pengantar Penggunaan Flutter - Dart programming language1.pptx
ย 
Electric Fetus - Record Store Scavenger Hunt
Electric Fetus - Record Store Scavenger HuntElectric Fetus - Record Store Scavenger Hunt
Electric Fetus - Record Store Scavenger Hunt
ย 
Temple of Asclepius in Thrace. Excavation results
Temple of Asclepius in Thrace. Excavation resultsTemple of Asclepius in Thrace. Excavation results
Temple of Asclepius in Thrace. Excavation results
ย 

Student acadamic system Final report

  • 1. PROJECT REPORT ON โ€œStudent Information Management Systemโ€ Submitted by; Abstract Student Information Management System can be used by education institutes to maintain the records of students easily. Achieving this objective is difficult using a manual system as the information is scattered, can be redundant and collecting relevant information may be very time consuming. All these problems are solved using this project. ๏‚ž Computers have become part of humanโ€™s life. ๏‚ž It makes the work easier compared to manually done. ๏‚ž Student Academic management system is a first phase centralized management project. ๏‚ž Academic Management System software helps our college to maintain information about students, Staffs, fees details, internal exam marks etc. Name of the Project: Student Management System AIM The aim of the academic project is to strengthen the technical skills of the student what he has learned in the educational institutions under the University guidelines. According to the university standards the syllabus [ theory ] has been expertise by the student. For every technical graduates or post graduates of
  • 2. computer applications the last semester is allocated to do this project. By executing the technical skills through a project in the form of project work, the student can be exposed to the software development life cycle. This will be helpful to answer any questions on the concepts of software engineering and practice. Objective:- ๏‚ž Register ๏‚ž Login into student site ๏‚ž Student profile. ๏‚ž Student attendance. ๏‚ž To selecting slot and faculty for time table. ๏‚ž Selecting time slot ๏‚ž These are the various tasks that need to be performed by website. ๏‚ž Logout. Key Stackeholders: ๏‚— Understanding the business drivers and ensuring that the project fits with the strategy for their area of the business ๏‚— Providing detailed requirements and a financial plan ๏‚— Committing the necessary resources ๏‚— Taking ownership of appropriate deliverables ๏‚— Establish the training and support requirements ๏‚— Identifying and resolving any project issues and risks, especially those associated with managing change during the transition phase ๏‚— Project closure ๏‚— Students and Staff are the Most Important Stakeholders and Customers on Campus ๏‚— ๏‚— A college or university has six major stakeholder groups when it comes to hospitality and customer service: ๏‚— Students ๏‚— Staff ๏‚— Faculty. ๏‚— Parents. ๏‚— Administrators PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Student Information Management System can be used by education institutes to maintain the records of students easily. Achieving this objective is difficult using a manual system as the information is scattered, can be redundant and collecting relevant information may be very time consuming. All these problems are solved using this
  • 3. project. Functional requirements ๏‚ž Creation of New Record: This function creates a record for a new student. ๏‚ž Deletion of Record: This function is used to delete the existing record of any student. ๏‚ž Updation in Record: This function updates the information in a record of any student. ๏‚ž Display of data in Record: This function displays the record of the student. 1. Event And Workshop Organization. 2. Student Registration. 3. Staff Registration 5. Login 6.Updating. 7. Viewing Of Marks and Attendance By Students. 8. Maintenance of Attendance & Marks By Faculty. 9. Time Table Generation and Scheduling. 10. Report Generation. Non Functional requirements A) Security: Only authorized users can access the system with username and password. B) Performance: Easy tracking of records and updation can be done. C) User friendly: The system is very interactive. D) Maintainability: Backups for database are available.
  • 4. Architecture and Design aspects Student registration: 1. First of all student have to fill the offline admission. 2. After filling the admission form next step is to pay the amount of the admission fee. 3. If the student is not paying the amount till the due date your admission form will be rejected.
  • 5. 4. If you have filled the registration form then you will be given a unique code generation. 5. After getting the unique code generation student is required to give the attested copies of his/her testimonials. 6. Now he/she will be provided with an admit card via post or e-mail which includes a unique roll number. Attendance: 1. it is a user-friendly, flexible and full featured employee attendance management tool which allows controlling studentโ€™ attendance 2. By automatic timekeeping and attendance tracking. 3. Captures data from time and attendance terminals, and simultaneously allows optional PC entry. 4. Enables performing some key HR functions such as tracking absences, vacations, etc. Student exam fee payments: ๏‚ž university student payment system is an online based application system. ๏‚ž It is mainly an accounting system but it is not a conventional accounting system. ๏‚ž It has specialty; it is specific only for students Student performance: 1. Develop learning objectives/outcomes 2. check for alignment between the curriculum and the objectives/outcomes 3. develop assessment plan 4. collect assessment data 5. use results to improve the program 6. routinely examine the assessment process and correct, as needed.
  • 6. Technology used: HTML PHP Advantages and Disadvantages ๏‚— Discussed below are some worthy reasons to use ERP(enterprise resource planning) software for college management system. ๏‚— Reducing the work load ๏‚— Increasing productivity ๏‚— Better control ๏‚— Security of data and records ๏‚— Real time reports ๏‚— Better student relations Disadvantages ๏‚— There are numbers of disadvantages of exiting institute system. The existing system has several modules like admission, schedule, library, account etc. All these modules currently run manually and on basis of paper. ๏‚— There are many drawbacks of current system. The existing system contains attendance module which is actually paper base and it has several downsides like misplacement of attendance sheet, time consuming etc. ๏‚— The current existing system has some of few advantages which are like less hardware and software required, cheap in comparison of computerized
  • 7. system. ๏‚— In the current system most of work are done by manually and based on paper. Because of these reason the requirement of hardware and software is very less. And the requirement of hardware and software so less thatโ€™s why the cost of the system is low in comparison of computerized system. Project outcomes ๏ถ The project is designed keeping in view the day to day problems faced by a college. ๏ถ Deployment of our application will certainly help the college to reduce unnecessary wastage of time in personally going to each department for some information ๏ถ Awareness and right information about any college is essential for both the development of student as well as faculty. Future scope ๏ƒ˜ Online examination module would be introduced to conduct online examination. ๏ƒ˜ Further, the faculty can upload the videos of their lectures on this site and students who had missed those classes can view those videos.
  • 9.
  • 10.
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13.
  • 14.
  • 15.
  • 16.
  • 18. <?php require("title.php"); ?> <link href="sign1.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" /> <link href="mainsign.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" /> <?php require("part1.php"); ?> <div class="sign"> <fieldset> <legend>Login Form</legend> <form action="logged.php" method="post"> <table> <tr> <td><input id="user" type="text" name="username" maxlength="60" size="60" placeholder="Enter username" required='required' /></td> </tr> <tr> <td><input id="pass" type="password" name="password" maxlength="40" size="60" placeholder="Enter password" required='required' /></td> </tr> <tr class="sub"> <td><input class="sub" type="submit" value="Sign In" /></td> </tr> </table>
  • 19. </form> </fieldset> </div> <?php require("part2.php"); ?> Successful of register <?php mysql_connect("localhost","root","")or die("could not connect to database."); mysql_select_db("student")or die("Server busy!!!!"); ?<?php require("title.php"); ?> <link href="index.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" /> <link href="mainsign.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" /> <style type="text/css"> div.seenow{ width:100%; overflow:auto; } div.seenow p{ margin:100px auto; width:60%; background-color:white; font-size:25px;
  • 20. padding:10px; text-align:center; } div.seenow a:link{ text-align:center; color:black; font-family:sans-serif; font-size:30px; text-decoration:none; border:2px solid white; border-radius:3px; padding:3px; } div.seenow a:visited{ text-align:center; color:black; font-family:sans-serif; font-size:30px; text-decoration:none; border:2px solid white; border-radius:3px; padding:3px; }
  • 21. div.seenow a:hover{ border:5px solid pink; color:hsla(0,20%,60%,1); } </style> <?php require("style1.php"); ?> <div class="seenow"> <?php $name=$_POST["username"]; $email=$_POST["email"]; $password=$_POST["password"]; $repeat_password=$_POST["password1"]; $tdate=date("Y-m-d"); if(strlen($name)<6){ echo "<p>Name should atleast have 6 characters.<br /> Go back and try again.</p>"; exit; } if(strlen($password)<8){
  • 22. echo "<p>Passwword should atleast have 8 characters.<br /> Go back and try again.</p>"; exit; } if($password!=$repeat_password){ echo "<p>Your password and repeat password does not match.<br /> Go back and try again.</p>"; exit; } $uquery=mysql_query("SELECT username FROM students WHERE username='$name'"); $num_rowuser=mysql_num_rows($uquery); if($num_rowuser!=0){ echo "<p>A user with the username already exist.<br /> Go back and try again.</p>"; exit; } $equery=mysql_query("SELECT email FROM students WHERE email='$email'"); $num_rowemail=mysql_num_rows($equery); if($num_rowemail!=0){ echo "<p>A user already registered with this mail.<br />Go back and try again. </p>"; exit; } $insert=mysql_query("INSERT INTO students VALUES('','$name','$email','$password','$tdate','-','-','-','-','- ','-','-','-','-','-','-','-')");
  • 23. echo "<p>Hi ".$name." you have been successfully registered.<br /><br /> <a href='mainsign.php'>Sign In</a></p>"; ?> </div> <?php require("style2.php"); ?> Sign form <?php require("sign1.php"); ?> <div class="sign"> <fieldset> <legend>Sign In Form</legend> <form action="signsee.php" method="post"> <table> <tr> <td><input id="user" type="text" name="username" maxlength="60" size="60" required="required" placeholder="Enter your username" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td><input id="pass" type="password" name="password" maxlength="60" size="60" required="required" placeholder="Enter your password" /></td>
  • 24. </tr> <tr class="sub"> <td><input class="sub" type="submit" value="Sign In" /></td> </tr> </table> </form> </fieldset> </div> <?php require("sign2.php"); ?> After sign in display page code <?php mysql_connect("localhost","root","")or die("could not connect to database."); mysql_select_db("student")or die("Server busy!!!!"); ?> <?php require("title.php"); ?> <link href="index.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" /> <link href="mainsign.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" /> <style type="text/css"> div.seenow{ width:100%;
  • 25. overflow:auto; } div.seenow p{ height:220px; margin:100px auto; width:60%; background-color:white; font-size:25px; padding:10px; text-align:center; } div.seenow a:link{ text-align:center; color:black; font-family:sans-serif; font-size:30px; text-decoration:none; border:2px solid white; border-radius:3px; padding:3px; } div.seenow a:visited{ text-align:center;
  • 26. color:black; font-family:sans-serif; font-size:30px; text-decoration:none; border:2px solid white; border-radius:3px; padding:3px; } div.seenow a:hover{ border:5px solid pink; color:hsla(0,20%,60%,1); } </style> <?php require("style1.php"); ?> <div class="seenow"> <?php $name=$_POST["username"]; $password=$_POST["password"]; $select=mysql_query("SELECT * FROM students WHERE username='$name'"); $num_rows=mysql_num_rows($select);
  • 27. if($num_rows==0){ echo "<p>No user with the username.<br />You should create new account.</p>"; exit; } while($row=mysql_fetch_assoc($select)){ $dbname=$row["username"]; $dbpassword=$row["password"]; if($dbname==$name && $dbpassword==$password){ echo "<p>You are in!!!.<a href='profile.php'>Click here</a> to go to main page.</p>"; session_start(); $_SESSION["username"]=$dbname; }else{ echo "<p>Incorrect password.<br />Go back and try again.</p>"; exit; } } ?> </div> <?php require("style2.php"); ?>
  • 28. Student enter his details form code <?php mysql_connect("localhost","root","")or die("could not connect to database."); mysql_select_db("student")or die("Server busy!!!!"); ?> <?php require("title.php"); ?> <link href="index.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" /> <link href="mainsign.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" /> <style type="text/css"> label{ color:white; font-size:25px; } div.sign fieldset{ height:300px; } </style> <?php require("logo1.php"); ?> <div class="sign"> <fieldset>
  • 29. <legend>Enter Details</legend> <form action="detailsee.php" method="post"> <table> <tr> <td><label>Gender</label></td> <td><input type="radio" name="gender" value="f" id="female" checked="checked" /><label for="female">Female</label> <input type="radio" name="gender" value="m" id="male" /><label for="male">Male</label></td> </tr> <tr> <td><label>Date Of Birth</label></td> <td><input type="date" name="dob" required="required" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td><label>Phone Number</label></td> <td><input type="text" name="phone" required="required" maxlength="10" /></td> </tr> <tr class="sub"> <td colspan="2"><input class="sub" type="submit" value="Submit" /></td> </tr> </table> </form> </fieldset>
  • 30. </div> <?php require("style2.php"); ?> After registering student details display wep page code <?php mysql_connect("localhost","root","")or die("could not connect to database."); mysql_select_db("student")or die("Server busy!!!!"); session_start(); @$sing=$_SESSION["username"]; ?> <?php require("title.php"); ?> <link href="index.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" /> <link href="mainsign.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" /> <style type="text/css"> div.seenow{ width:100%; overflow:auto; } div.seenow p{
  • 31. height:220px; margin:100px auto; width:60%; background-color:white; font-size:25px; padding:10px; text-align:center; } div.seenow a:link{ text-align:center; color:black; font-family:sans-serif; font-size:30px; text-decoration:none; border:2px solid white; border-radius:3px; padding:3px; } div.seenow a:visited{ text-align:center; color:black; font-family:sans-serif; font-size:30px; text-decoration:none;
  • 32. border:2px solid white; border-radius:3px; padding:3px; } div.seenow a:hover{ border:5px solid pink; color:hsla(0,20%,60%,1); } </style> <?php require("logo1.php"); ?> <div class="seenow"> <?php if(@$_SESSION["username"]){ $gender=$_POST["gender"]; $dob=$_POST["dob"]; $phone=$_POST["phone"]; if(strlen($phone)<10){ echo "<p>Phone should have 10 numbers.<br />Go back and try again.</p>"; exit;
  • 33. } if(is_numeric($phone)==0){ echo "Please enter correct number."; exit; } $se=mysql_query("SELECT phone FROM students WHERE phone='$phone'"); $num_rows=mysql_num_rows($se); if($num_rows!=0){ echo "<p>A user already registered with this number.<br /> Go back and try again</p>"; exit; } $ge=mysql_query("SELECT * FROM students WHERE username='$sing'"); $ge_rows=mysql_num_rows($ge); while($row=mysql_fetch_assoc($ge)){ $dgender=$row["gender"]; $ddob=$row["dob"]; $dphone=$row["phone"]; if(strlen($dgender)>1 && strlen($ddob)>1 && strlen($dphone)>1){ echo "<p>You have already update your details.<br />You cannot change it till a year.</p>"; exit; } }
  • 34. switch($gender){ case 'f': $gender='female'; break; case 'm': $gender='male'; break; } $insert=mysql_query("UPDATE students SET gender='$gender' WHERE username='$sing'"); $insert1=mysql_query("UPDATE students SET dob='$dob' WHERE username='$sing'"); $insert2=mysql_query("UPDATE students SET phone='$phone' WHERE username='$sing'"); echo "<p>You have succesfully updated your account!!!!</p>"; }else{ echo "<p>You must be logged in!!!.</p>"; } ?> </div> <?php require("style2.php"); ?> To registering subjects code <?php mysql_connect("localhost","root","")or die("could not connect to database.");
  • 35. mysql_select_db("student")or die("Server busy!!!!"); session_start(); @$sing=$_SESSION["username"]; ?> <?php require("title.php"); ?> <link href="index.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" /> <link href="mainsign.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" /> <style type="text/css"> label{ color:white; font-size:25px; } div.sign fieldset{ height:330px; } </style> <?php require("logo1.php"); ?> <div class="sign"> <?php if(@$sing){ echo"<fieldset>
  • 36. <legend>Subject & Professor</legend> <form action='subsee.php' method='post'> <table> <tr> <td><label>Core Subject</label></td> <td><select name='core'> <option value='1'>Data Structures</option> <option value='2'>Embeded Theory</option> <option value='3'>Machine Learning</option> </select></td> <td><label>Proffessor</label></td> <td><select name='cproff'> <option value='1'>Prof.Punambal</option> <option value='2'>Prof.Nandani</option> <option value='3'>Prof.Vishnu</option> </select></td> <td><label>Select Timing</label></td> <td><select name='time1'> <option value='1'>8:00 to 9:00 AM Monday</option> <option value='2'>8:00 to 9:00 AM Tuesday</option> <option value='3'>8:00 to 9:00 AM Wednesday</option>
  • 37. </select></td> </tr> <tr> <td><label>Univesity Subject</label></td> <td><select name='university'> <option value='1'>Web Development</option> <option value='2'>App Designing</option> <option value='3'>SQL</option> </select></td> <td><label>Proffessor</label></td> <td><select name='uproff'> <option value='1'>Prof.Ajith Kumar</option> <option value='2'>Prof.Iswarya</option> <option value='3'>Prof.Hemasree</option> </select></td>
  • 38. <td><label>Select Timing</label></td> <td><select name='time2'> <option value='1'>10:00 to 11:00 AM Monday</option> <option value='2'>10:00 to 11:00 AM Tuesday</option> <option value='3'>10:00 to 11:00 AM Wednesday</option> </select></td> </tr> <tr> <td><label>Course Subject</label></td> <td><select name='course'> <option value='1'>C language</option> <option value='2'>OOPS</option> <option value='3'>JAVA</option> </select></td> <td><label>Proffessor</label></td> <td><select name='coproff'> <option value='1'>Prof.Sreeram</option> <option value='2'>Prof.Anith</option>
  • 39. <option value='3'>Prof.Gnanesh</option> </select></td> <td><label>Select Timing</label></td> <td><select name='time3'> <option value='1'>2:00 to 3:00 PM Monday</option> <option value='2'>2:00 to 3:00 PM Tuesday</option> <option value='3'>2:00 to 3:00 PM Wednesday</option> </select></td> </tr> <tr class='sub'> <td colspan='2'><input type='submit' value='Select' class='sub' /></td> </tr> </table> </form> </fieldset>";
  • 40. }else{ echo "<table><td><label>You must be logged in!!!!</label></td></table>"; } ?> </div> <?php require("style2.php"); ?> After registering subjects display web-page coding <?php mysql_connect("localhost","root","")or die("could not connect to database."); mysql_select_db("student")or die("Server busy!!!!"); session_start(); @$sing=$_SESSION["username"]; ?> <?php require("title.php"); ?> <link href="index.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" /> <link href="mainsign.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" /> <style type="text/css"> p{ color:white;
  • 42. $core="Embeded Systems"; break; case 3: $core="Machine learning"; } switch($university){ case 1: $university="Web Development"; break; case 2: $university="App Designing"; break; case 3: $university="SQL"; } switch($course){ case 1: $course="C Language"; break; case 2: $course="OOPS"; break;
  • 43. case 3: $course="Java"; } switch($cprof){ case 1: $cprof="Prof.Punambal"; break; case 2: $cprof="Prof.Nandani"; break; case 3: $cprof="Prof.Vishnu"; } switch($uprof){ case 1: $uprof="Prof.Ajith"; break; case 2: $uprof="Prof.Iswarya"; break;
  • 44. case 3: $uprof="Prof.Hemasree"; } switch($coprof){ case 1: $coprof="Prof.SreeRam"; break; case 2: $coprof="Prof.Anith"; break; case 3: $coprof="Prof.Gnanesh"; } switch($time1){ case 1: $time1="8:00 to 9:00 AM Monday"; break; case 2: $time1="8:00 to 9:00 AM Tuesday"; break;
  • 45. case 3: $time1="8:00 to 9:00 AM Wednesday"; } switch($time2){ case 1: $time2="10:00 to 11:00 AM Monday"; break; case 2: $time2="10:00 to 11:00 AM Tuesday"; break; case 3: $time2="10:00 to 11:00 AM Wednesday"; } switch($time3){ case 1: $time3="2:00 to 3:00 PM Monday"; break; case 2: $time3="2:00 to 3:00 PM Tuesday";
  • 46. break; case 3: $time3="2:00 to 3:00 PM Wednesday"; } $check=mysql_query("SELECT * FROM students WHERE username='$sing'"); $num_rows=mysql_num_rows($check); while($row=mysql_fetch_assoc($check)){ $dtime1=$row["time1"]; $dtime2=$row["time2"]; $dtime3=$row["time3"]; if(strlen($dtime1)>1){ echo "<p>You have already selected your subjects,Proffessers and Timings.<br /> You cannot change for a year.</p>"; exit; } } $insert1=mysql_query("UPDATE students SET sub1='$core' WHERE username='$sing'"); $insert2=mysql_query("UPDATE students SET pro1='$cprof' WHERE username='$sing'");
  • 47. $insert3=mysql_query("UPDATE students SET sub2='$university' WHERE username='$sing'"); $insert4=mysql_query("UPDATE students SET pro2='$uprof' WHERE username='$sing'"); $insert5=mysql_query("UPDATE students SET sub3='$course' WHERE username='$sing'"); $insert6=mysql_query("UPDATE students SET pro3='$coprof' WHERE username='$sing'"); $insert7=mysql_query("UPDATE students SET time1='$time1' WHERE username='$sing'"); $insert8=mysql_query("UPDATE students SET time2='$time2' WHERE username='$sing'"); $insert9=mysql_query("UPDATE students SET time3='$time3' WHERE username='$sing'"); echo "<p>You have selected your Subiects,Proffesers,Timings.</p>"; }else{ echo "<p>You must be logged in!!!</p>"; } ?> </div> <?php require("style2.php"); ?> Logout form web-page coding <?php mysql_connect("localhost","root","")or die("could not connect to database."); mysql_select_db("student")or die("Server busy!!!!"); session_start(); @$sing=$_SESSION["username"]; ?>
  • 48. <?php require("title.php"); ?> <link href="index.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" /> <link href="mainsign.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" /> <style type="text/css"> div.seenow{ width:100%; overflow:auto; height:450px; } div.seenow p{ height:220px; margin:100px auto; width:60%; background-color:white; font-size:25px; padding:10px; text-align:center; } div.seenow a:link{ text-align:center; color:black;
  • 49. font-family:sans-serif; font-size:30px; text-decoration:none; border:2px solid white; border-radius:3px; border-color:black; padding:3px; } div.seenow a:visited{ text-align:center; color:black; font-family:sans-serif; font-size:30px; text-decoration:none; border:2px solid white; border-radius:3px; border-color:black; padding:3px; } div.seenow a:hover{
  • 50. border:5px solid pink; color:hsla(0,20%,60%,1); } </style> <?php require("logo1.php"); ?> <div class="seenow"> <?php session_destroy(); echo "<p>You ahve been logged out!!!!.<br /><br /><a href='mainsign.php'>Sign In</a></p>"; ?> </div> <?php require("style2.php"); ?> Annexure111:Test cases and test results ๏ƒ˜ In software development, there are costs associated with testing our programs. ๏ƒ˜ Quality is much more important for safety- or mission critical software e.g. aviation software. ๏ƒ˜ Goal of testing covering many defects as possible with a little testing. Black-box testing uses test cases that check known inputs against expected results. Itโ€™s as if the application code was in a black box and you do not care and cannot obtain knowledge about
  • 51. the internal logic and structure of the application. Rather, your goal is to write test cases that find the circumstances where the application does not respond as required, revealing a bug or defect. Following is a diagram illustrating the process of black-box testing White-box testing and test cases White-box testing and test cases are primarily concerned with achieving the broadest possible coverage of the source code. Therefore, the testers must be familiar with the logic of the application and use this knowledge to create test cases that execute as much of the code as possible. Again, the goal is to break the system. White box test cases test different control flow paths in a program. The test cases also test decision points (true and false), execute loops, and check internal data structures of the application. Basis path testing, equivalence partitioning, and boundary value analysis are all used to create white box tests. Equivalence partitioning divides the set of possible input values into equivalence classes. Only a value from each of the equivalence classes needs to be tested. Boundary value analysis looks at testing around a set boundary. The following diagram illustrates the process of whitebox testing. Writing test cases Written specifications and user documentation can provide you with excellent information for making test cases. Later, you can write more test cases based on the function and flow of the application. At this point, you are ready to group test cases together to form a test procedure. Finally, you can automate the running of test cases for regression testing. This way the testers and others in QA can work on checking new functionality. Following is a simple example of fields that you commonly see in test cases. Test case ID Unit to test Assumptions Test data Steps to be executed Expected result Actual result Pass/Fail
  ็ฟป่ฏ‘๏ผš