The document contains a 50 question multiple choice exam about networking concepts such as local and network applications, wireless connectivity issues, IP addressing, network layers, protocols, security, cabling, and other foundational IT topics. It tests understanding of technology, troubleshooting skills, and ability to apply knowledge to solve problems.
This document summarizes an investigation of the DHCP and DNS protocols using Wireshark. It analyzes how DHCP works to dynamically assign IP addresses to clients from a server. The DHCP process involves clients broadcasting discovery packets, servers responding with offers, clients requesting an offer, and servers acknowledging with the assigned address. It also examines how DNS is used to resolve URLs to IP addresses. Various DHCP attacks like rogue servers are discussed. The analysis captured DHCP and DNS packets to understand the address assignment process and packet exchanges between clients and servers.
1. UDP is used for voice and video traffic instead of TCP because TCP introduces delays that break data streams and UDP does not have mechanisms for retransmitting lost packets. TCP is preferred for transmitting data files because it is more reliable and requires lost packets to be retransmitted.
2. To facilitate secure intranet access for remote workers, an enterprise IT department would use VPN and user authentication.
3. The purpose of the Cisco Enterprise Architecture is to divide the network into functional components while still maintaining the concept of Core, Distribution, and Access Layers.
This document discusses remote access connections and virtual private networks (VPNs). It provides contact information for Ah. Fawad 'Saiq' and describes dial-up and broadband internet access. It also discusses remote client access via VPN, VPN protocols, authentication protocols like PAP and CHAP, and inbound connections.
Defend Your DHCP Infrastructure Against Cyber Attacks - Network Security Feat...Jiunn-Jer Sun
This document discusses defending a DHCP infrastructure against cyber attacks. It describes how DHCP works to assign IP addresses via a client-server model. It then outlines common attacks like DHCP spoofing and starvation. It recommends deploying DHCP Snooping on switches to validate DHCP messages and filter invalid ones to prevent attacks and ensure correct network configuration.
The document provides a tutorial on networking in the enterprise and introduces concepts like routing, switching, firewall deployment, VPNs, remote access, packet sniffing, and the Cisco Enterprise Architecture model. It contains multiple choice questions that test understanding of these concepts and where different network services and devices are located within the enterprise network architecture.
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF OSPF AND RIP ON IPV4 & IPV6 TECHNOLOGY USING G.711 ...IJCNCJournal
Migration from IPv4 to IPv6 is still visibly slow, mainly because of the inherent cost involved in the implementation, hardware and software acquisition. However, there are many values IPv6 can bring to the
IP enabled environment as compared to IPv4, particularly for Voice Over Internet Protocol (VoIP) solutions. Many companies are drifting away from circuit based switching such as PSTN to packet based switching (VoIP) for collaboration. There are several factors determining the effective utilization and
quality of VoIP solutions. These include the choice of codec, echo control, packet loss, delay, delay variation (jitter), and the network topology. The network is basically the environment in which VoIP is deployed. State of art network design for VoIP technologies requires impeccable Interior Gateway routing
protocols that will reduce the convergence time of the network, in the event of a link failure. Choice of CODEC is also a main factor. Since most research work in this area did not consider a particular CODEC as a factor in determining performance, this paper will compare the behaviour of RIP and OSPF in IPv4
and IPv6 using G.711 CODEC with riverbed modeller17.5.
Availability is one of the most important concerns in the networking world. For any high available
network, we need to maintain 99.99999% availability. That is why it is one of the most important factors to
find out the single point of failure in the network architecture and eliminate that single point of failure
(SPOF) from physical network and logical network. SPOF in our server infrastructure has been analysed
in terms of communicating with the router for forwarding traffic with multiple routers. We have developed
an algorithm that will automatically select default gateway into the network interface card of virtual
machines. The proposed algorithm will automatically enable Default Gateway Weight settings (DGW)
protocol among routers by configuring Network interface card with default gateway of all routers. The
proposed protocol works based on weight settings for the multiple default gateway configuration in the
host. There will be heartbeat communication and re-convergence will be performed within the shortest
possible time. Lowest weight setting will select the path for packet forwarding through specified routers
related with the default gateway from the virtual machine.
This document summarizes an investigation of the DHCP and DNS protocols using Wireshark. It analyzes how DHCP works to dynamically assign IP addresses to clients from a server. The DHCP process involves clients broadcasting discovery packets, servers responding with offers, clients requesting an offer, and servers acknowledging with the assigned address. It also examines how DNS is used to resolve URLs to IP addresses. Various DHCP attacks like rogue servers are discussed. The analysis captured DHCP and DNS packets to understand the address assignment process and packet exchanges between clients and servers.
1. UDP is used for voice and video traffic instead of TCP because TCP introduces delays that break data streams and UDP does not have mechanisms for retransmitting lost packets. TCP is preferred for transmitting data files because it is more reliable and requires lost packets to be retransmitted.
2. To facilitate secure intranet access for remote workers, an enterprise IT department would use VPN and user authentication.
3. The purpose of the Cisco Enterprise Architecture is to divide the network into functional components while still maintaining the concept of Core, Distribution, and Access Layers.
This document discusses remote access connections and virtual private networks (VPNs). It provides contact information for Ah. Fawad 'Saiq' and describes dial-up and broadband internet access. It also discusses remote client access via VPN, VPN protocols, authentication protocols like PAP and CHAP, and inbound connections.
Defend Your DHCP Infrastructure Against Cyber Attacks - Network Security Feat...Jiunn-Jer Sun
This document discusses defending a DHCP infrastructure against cyber attacks. It describes how DHCP works to assign IP addresses via a client-server model. It then outlines common attacks like DHCP spoofing and starvation. It recommends deploying DHCP Snooping on switches to validate DHCP messages and filter invalid ones to prevent attacks and ensure correct network configuration.
The document provides a tutorial on networking in the enterprise and introduces concepts like routing, switching, firewall deployment, VPNs, remote access, packet sniffing, and the Cisco Enterprise Architecture model. It contains multiple choice questions that test understanding of these concepts and where different network services and devices are located within the enterprise network architecture.
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF OSPF AND RIP ON IPV4 & IPV6 TECHNOLOGY USING G.711 ...IJCNCJournal
Migration from IPv4 to IPv6 is still visibly slow, mainly because of the inherent cost involved in the implementation, hardware and software acquisition. However, there are many values IPv6 can bring to the
IP enabled environment as compared to IPv4, particularly for Voice Over Internet Protocol (VoIP) solutions. Many companies are drifting away from circuit based switching such as PSTN to packet based switching (VoIP) for collaboration. There are several factors determining the effective utilization and
quality of VoIP solutions. These include the choice of codec, echo control, packet loss, delay, delay variation (jitter), and the network topology. The network is basically the environment in which VoIP is deployed. State of art network design for VoIP technologies requires impeccable Interior Gateway routing
protocols that will reduce the convergence time of the network, in the event of a link failure. Choice of CODEC is also a main factor. Since most research work in this area did not consider a particular CODEC as a factor in determining performance, this paper will compare the behaviour of RIP and OSPF in IPv4
and IPv6 using G.711 CODEC with riverbed modeller17.5.
Availability is one of the most important concerns in the networking world. For any high available
network, we need to maintain 99.99999% availability. That is why it is one of the most important factors to
find out the single point of failure in the network architecture and eliminate that single point of failure
(SPOF) from physical network and logical network. SPOF in our server infrastructure has been analysed
in terms of communicating with the router for forwarding traffic with multiple routers. We have developed
an algorithm that will automatically select default gateway into the network interface card of virtual
machines. The proposed algorithm will automatically enable Default Gateway Weight settings (DGW)
protocol among routers by configuring Network interface card with default gateway of all routers. The
proposed protocol works based on weight settings for the multiple default gateway configuration in the
host. There will be heartbeat communication and re-convergence will be performed within the shortest
possible time. Lowest weight setting will select the path for packet forwarding through specified routers
related with the default gateway from the virtual machine.
This document summarizes different types of remote access connections and technologies. It discusses dial-up modem connections, DSL, cable modems, and wireless connections as common ways for consumers and businesses to access the internet. It also describes leased lines and remote access software. Leased lines provide dedicated high-speed connections between two locations, while remote access software like Windows Remote Access Service allows remote dial-up connections to a server. The document provides an overview of remote access technologies and infrastructure.
This document discusses Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) technology which allows voice calls over broadband internet instead of regular phone lines. It details some key advantages of VoIP like lower taxes, portability, inclusion of advanced call features at no extra cost. The document also provides information on networking concepts like IP addressing, routing protocols, network applications and sample Cisco configurations for implementing VoIP in a university placement department and reception desk network.
A review study of handover performance in mobile ipIJCNCJournal
The Mobile Internet Protocol (Mobile IP) is an extension to the Internet Protocol proposed by the Internet
Engineering Task Force (IETF) that addresses the mobility issues. In order to support un-interrupted
services and seamless mobility of nodes across the networks (and/or sub-networks) with permanent IP
addresses, handover is performed in mobile IP enabled networks. Handover in mobile IP is source cause of
performance degradation as it results in increased latency and packet loss during handover. Other issues
like scalability issues, ordered packet delivery issues, control plane management issues etc are also
adversely affected by it. The paper provides a constructive survey by classifying, discussing and comparing
different handover techniques that have been proposed so far, for enhancing the performance during
handovers. Finally some general solutions that have been used to solve handover related problems are
briefly discussed.
Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (L2TP) is a network layer VPN protocol that uses IP packets to encapsulate Layer 2 frames. L2TP extends the Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) by allowing the Layer 2 and PPP endpoints to reside on different devices interconnected by a packet-switched network. L2TP establishes tunnels between an L2TP Access Concentrator (LAC) and an L2TP Network Server (LNS) to transport individual PPP frames across the network. Control connections and sessions are set up between the LAC and LNS to establish L2TP tunnels for transporting PPP data.
This document provides an introduction to IP networking. It discusses what IP is and its benefits, including remote accessibility, cost effectiveness, and scalability. It then covers networking basics like LAN and WAN principles, routing, VPN, and wiring. Specific topics include IP addressing, subnet masks, switches vs hubs, static vs dynamic IP, TCP/IP layers, and cable standards like Cat5e and Cat6. The goal is to explain fundamental IP networking concepts.
interoperatbility between IPv4 and IPv6Nitin Gehlot
This document discusses interoperability between IPv4 and IPv6. It outlines challenges with the transition from IPv4 to IPv6 including ensuring minimal downtime and maintaining network reachability and security. It proposes using tunneling techniques like Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) to transport IPv6 packets over an IPv4 infrastructure and allow dual stack implementations. The project aims to address scalability between IPv4 and IPv6 using the OSPF routing protocol and virtualizing physical links with Cisco IOS to enable IPv6 multicast routing.
The document discusses intrusion detection systems (IDS) in wireless networks. It describes how Wi-Fi networks work and their security vulnerabilities like unencrypted networks and rogue access points. It then explains how the research implements a network detection system to identify unauthorized access points using multiple clients. The clients report detected network information to a central server, which uses geometry to triangulate the location of any rogue access points based on the common networks detected and signal strengths reported by each client.
This ppt show the very fundamental aspects of VPN(Virtual Private Networks) and show why it is used and its associated benefits. Also show characteristics, Tunneling, Encapsulation, etc.
This document provides a summary of Prateek's professional experience in software development for telecom and networking. Over 9.5 years, he has worked on projects involving optical networking, load balancing servers, protocol development, and customer support. His responsibilities have included technical lead roles, individual development work, design, testing, and system integration. He has strong skills in C, C++, Linux, networking protocols, data structures, and development tools like version control systems. His work experience includes roles at NEC Technology, Brocade Communication, Juniper Networks, and Huawei Technology where he contributed to projects involving network security, load balancing, network address translation, and more.
The document discusses MPLS VPN and class of service capabilities for meeting demands on corporate networks. MPLS VPN uses label switching to create private networks over shared infrastructure. It allows flexibility, scalability, security and quality of service. Class of service differentiation and traffic prioritization help optimize application performance for voice, video and data.
The document is a 40 question objective test covering topics in internet services. It includes questions about equipment co-location, network utilities like tracert, points of presence, incident management procedures, logical network topologies, IPv4 addressing including classes and subnetting, routing protocols, switch configuration, and network security issues.
The document provides an overview of videoconferencing technologies and standards. It discusses H.323 as the dominant standard, describing its components like gatekeepers, terminals, and multimedia algorithms. It also covers conferencing versus broadcasting, networking considerations like switches versus hubs, and challenges with firewalls and network address translation.
R1 is configured to use SNMP version 2 to communicate with a management station at IP address 192.168.1.3. However, the administrator is unable to get any information from R1. The problem is likely due to an issue with the ACL configuration that was applied to limit access to the SNMP community. The ACL permits traffic from 192.168.10.3 but it is unclear if this is the correct IP address for the management station.
Tunneling in VPNs refers to the process of encapsulating VPN data packets within regular IP packets for transmission through a public network like the Internet. This encapsulation creates a "tunnel" between the VPN endpoints that provides security and allows private network traffic to be carried across a shared infrastructure.
Overview of VPN protocols.
VPNs (Virtual Private Networks) are often viewed from the perspective of security with the goal of providing authentication and confidentiality.
However, the primary purpose of VPNs is to connect 2 topologically separated private networks over a public network (typically the Internet).
VPNs basically hook a network logically into another network so that both appear as one private local network.
Security is a possible add-on to VPNs. In many cases it makes perfectly sense to secure the VPNs communication over the unsecure public network.
VPN protocols typically employ a tunnel where data packets of the local network are encapsulated in an outer protocol for transmission over the public network.
The most important VPN protocols are IPSec, PPTP and L2TP. In recent years SSL/TLS based VPNs such as OpenVPN have gained widespread adoption.
Introduction to Small Business Server 2003 Part 2Robert Crane
This is the second of a three part series that covers the basics of installing, configuring and maintaining Microsoft Small Business Server 2003.
This part focuses on configuring Small Business Server to work with users and workstations as well features like remote access.
The document contains multiple choice questions about networking concepts. Key points include:
- A network application is loaded on a local computer and accessed from a remote computer. Examples include instant messaging.
- When troubleshooting a wireless client not getting an IP address, first check the SSID and if DHCP is configured.
- Setting a router's security to WEP encrypts data between the wireless client and access point.
- Routers can provide DHCP clients with default gateways, dynamic IP addresses, and DNS server addresses.
The document provides the questions and answers to the CCNA 1 v5.0 ITN Practice Final Exam. It includes 33 multiple choice questions covering topics such as wireless connectivity recommendations, host configuration settings, IPv4 and IPv6 headers, IP addressing, OSI model layers, router functions, network devices, and wireless network security settings.
Cisco discovery d homesb module 9 - v.4 in english.igede tirtanata
The document contains a series of multiple choice questions about networking and troubleshooting techniques. It covers topics like the steps to take when a user reports a web access issue, troubleshooting methods like bottom-up and divide-and-conquer, using commands like ipconfig, ping, and tracert to diagnose network issues, common wireless and wired network configuration problems, and best practices for documentation and remote troubleshooting.
Cisco discovery d homesb module 5 - v.4 in english.igede tirtanata
This document contains 21 multiple choice questions about networking concepts such as IPv4 addressing, subnet masking, private IP addresses, DHCP, NAT, and packet translation. The questions cover topics like identifying the network and host portions of an IP address, calculating the number of usable hosts given a subnet, describing DHCP message types, and stating the purposes of NAT.
This document summarizes different types of remote access connections and technologies. It discusses dial-up modem connections, DSL, cable modems, and wireless connections as common ways for consumers and businesses to access the internet. It also describes leased lines and remote access software. Leased lines provide dedicated high-speed connections between two locations, while remote access software like Windows Remote Access Service allows remote dial-up connections to a server. The document provides an overview of remote access technologies and infrastructure.
This document discusses Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) technology which allows voice calls over broadband internet instead of regular phone lines. It details some key advantages of VoIP like lower taxes, portability, inclusion of advanced call features at no extra cost. The document also provides information on networking concepts like IP addressing, routing protocols, network applications and sample Cisco configurations for implementing VoIP in a university placement department and reception desk network.
A review study of handover performance in mobile ipIJCNCJournal
The Mobile Internet Protocol (Mobile IP) is an extension to the Internet Protocol proposed by the Internet
Engineering Task Force (IETF) that addresses the mobility issues. In order to support un-interrupted
services and seamless mobility of nodes across the networks (and/or sub-networks) with permanent IP
addresses, handover is performed in mobile IP enabled networks. Handover in mobile IP is source cause of
performance degradation as it results in increased latency and packet loss during handover. Other issues
like scalability issues, ordered packet delivery issues, control plane management issues etc are also
adversely affected by it. The paper provides a constructive survey by classifying, discussing and comparing
different handover techniques that have been proposed so far, for enhancing the performance during
handovers. Finally some general solutions that have been used to solve handover related problems are
briefly discussed.
Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (L2TP) is a network layer VPN protocol that uses IP packets to encapsulate Layer 2 frames. L2TP extends the Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) by allowing the Layer 2 and PPP endpoints to reside on different devices interconnected by a packet-switched network. L2TP establishes tunnels between an L2TP Access Concentrator (LAC) and an L2TP Network Server (LNS) to transport individual PPP frames across the network. Control connections and sessions are set up between the LAC and LNS to establish L2TP tunnels for transporting PPP data.
This document provides an introduction to IP networking. It discusses what IP is and its benefits, including remote accessibility, cost effectiveness, and scalability. It then covers networking basics like LAN and WAN principles, routing, VPN, and wiring. Specific topics include IP addressing, subnet masks, switches vs hubs, static vs dynamic IP, TCP/IP layers, and cable standards like Cat5e and Cat6. The goal is to explain fundamental IP networking concepts.
interoperatbility between IPv4 and IPv6Nitin Gehlot
This document discusses interoperability between IPv4 and IPv6. It outlines challenges with the transition from IPv4 to IPv6 including ensuring minimal downtime and maintaining network reachability and security. It proposes using tunneling techniques like Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) to transport IPv6 packets over an IPv4 infrastructure and allow dual stack implementations. The project aims to address scalability between IPv4 and IPv6 using the OSPF routing protocol and virtualizing physical links with Cisco IOS to enable IPv6 multicast routing.
The document discusses intrusion detection systems (IDS) in wireless networks. It describes how Wi-Fi networks work and their security vulnerabilities like unencrypted networks and rogue access points. It then explains how the research implements a network detection system to identify unauthorized access points using multiple clients. The clients report detected network information to a central server, which uses geometry to triangulate the location of any rogue access points based on the common networks detected and signal strengths reported by each client.
This ppt show the very fundamental aspects of VPN(Virtual Private Networks) and show why it is used and its associated benefits. Also show characteristics, Tunneling, Encapsulation, etc.
This document provides a summary of Prateek's professional experience in software development for telecom and networking. Over 9.5 years, he has worked on projects involving optical networking, load balancing servers, protocol development, and customer support. His responsibilities have included technical lead roles, individual development work, design, testing, and system integration. He has strong skills in C, C++, Linux, networking protocols, data structures, and development tools like version control systems. His work experience includes roles at NEC Technology, Brocade Communication, Juniper Networks, and Huawei Technology where he contributed to projects involving network security, load balancing, network address translation, and more.
The document discusses MPLS VPN and class of service capabilities for meeting demands on corporate networks. MPLS VPN uses label switching to create private networks over shared infrastructure. It allows flexibility, scalability, security and quality of service. Class of service differentiation and traffic prioritization help optimize application performance for voice, video and data.
The document is a 40 question objective test covering topics in internet services. It includes questions about equipment co-location, network utilities like tracert, points of presence, incident management procedures, logical network topologies, IPv4 addressing including classes and subnetting, routing protocols, switch configuration, and network security issues.
The document provides an overview of videoconferencing technologies and standards. It discusses H.323 as the dominant standard, describing its components like gatekeepers, terminals, and multimedia algorithms. It also covers conferencing versus broadcasting, networking considerations like switches versus hubs, and challenges with firewalls and network address translation.
R1 is configured to use SNMP version 2 to communicate with a management station at IP address 192.168.1.3. However, the administrator is unable to get any information from R1. The problem is likely due to an issue with the ACL configuration that was applied to limit access to the SNMP community. The ACL permits traffic from 192.168.10.3 but it is unclear if this is the correct IP address for the management station.
Tunneling in VPNs refers to the process of encapsulating VPN data packets within regular IP packets for transmission through a public network like the Internet. This encapsulation creates a "tunnel" between the VPN endpoints that provides security and allows private network traffic to be carried across a shared infrastructure.
Overview of VPN protocols.
VPNs (Virtual Private Networks) are often viewed from the perspective of security with the goal of providing authentication and confidentiality.
However, the primary purpose of VPNs is to connect 2 topologically separated private networks over a public network (typically the Internet).
VPNs basically hook a network logically into another network so that both appear as one private local network.
Security is a possible add-on to VPNs. In many cases it makes perfectly sense to secure the VPNs communication over the unsecure public network.
VPN protocols typically employ a tunnel where data packets of the local network are encapsulated in an outer protocol for transmission over the public network.
The most important VPN protocols are IPSec, PPTP and L2TP. In recent years SSL/TLS based VPNs such as OpenVPN have gained widespread adoption.
Introduction to Small Business Server 2003 Part 2Robert Crane
This is the second of a three part series that covers the basics of installing, configuring and maintaining Microsoft Small Business Server 2003.
This part focuses on configuring Small Business Server to work with users and workstations as well features like remote access.
The document contains multiple choice questions about networking concepts. Key points include:
- A network application is loaded on a local computer and accessed from a remote computer. Examples include instant messaging.
- When troubleshooting a wireless client not getting an IP address, first check the SSID and if DHCP is configured.
- Setting a router's security to WEP encrypts data between the wireless client and access point.
- Routers can provide DHCP clients with default gateways, dynamic IP addresses, and DNS server addresses.
The document provides the questions and answers to the CCNA 1 v5.0 ITN Practice Final Exam. It includes 33 multiple choice questions covering topics such as wireless connectivity recommendations, host configuration settings, IPv4 and IPv6 headers, IP addressing, OSI model layers, router functions, network devices, and wireless network security settings.
Cisco discovery d homesb module 9 - v.4 in english.igede tirtanata
The document contains a series of multiple choice questions about networking and troubleshooting techniques. It covers topics like the steps to take when a user reports a web access issue, troubleshooting methods like bottom-up and divide-and-conquer, using commands like ipconfig, ping, and tracert to diagnose network issues, common wireless and wired network configuration problems, and best practices for documentation and remote troubleshooting.
Cisco discovery d homesb module 5 - v.4 in english.igede tirtanata
This document contains 21 multiple choice questions about networking concepts such as IPv4 addressing, subnet masking, private IP addresses, DHCP, NAT, and packet translation. The questions cover topics like identifying the network and host portions of an IP address, calculating the number of usable hosts given a subnet, describing DHCP message types, and stating the purposes of NAT.
Ccnav5.org ccna 1-v50_itn_practice_final_exam_answersĐồng Quốc Vương
An administrator is attempting to configure a message-of-the-day banner on a router but is unable to get it to display correctly for Telnet users. The problem is that the banner message contains the delimiting character (V) that is being used to enclose the message. Removing the delimiting character from the message should fix the issue.
Cisco discovery d homesb module 3 - v.4 in english.igede tirtanata
This document contains a quiz with 20 multiple choice questions about networking concepts such as encapsulation, MAC addresses, ARP protocol, routing tables, default gateways, and file sharing. It asks the learner to identify networking devices, standards, functions, and impacts of misconfigurations. The questions cover topics like Ethernet, TCP/IP, routing, and basic network security.
A network administrator is troubleshooting connectivity issues between a router and a non-Cisco device running Frame Relay. The exhibit shows the router configuration. The likely cause of the Layer 2 connectivity problem is that the ietf keyword is missing when enabling Frame Relay on the serial interface. Adding this keyword should repair the connectivity issue.
GPRS is a packet-based mobile data service on GSM networks that provides faster data transmission rates than GSM. It allows more efficient use of network resources by allowing radio channels to be shared and users to pay for the amount of data transferred rather than connection time. GPRS serves as an important step towards 3G networks by using a similar business model and network architecture. The key network elements that support GPRS include the SGSN, GGSN, PCU and DNS.
The document appears to contain questions and answers from the CCNA 4 final exam. It includes questions about topics like Frame Relay configuration, PPP negotiation failure troubleshooting, ACL usage, VLAN performance testing, VPN technology selection and DHCP address pool configuration issues. The questions cover a wide range of Cisco networking technologies tested on the CCNA 4 certification exam.
Cisco discovery d homesb module 4 - v.4 in english.igede tirtanata
The document is a multiple choice quiz about networking and internet concepts. It contains questions about definitions of internet and point of presence, characteristics of internet service providers' backbones and business services, requirements to connect to the internet, networking devices like routers and switches, and cabling types and standards. The questions cover topics like the definition of internet, functions of networking devices, characteristics of different internet connections and services, and cable types and their applications.
IT Essentials (Version 7.0) - ITE Chapter 5 Exam AnswersITExamAnswers.net
This document provides answers to exam questions for IT Essentials (ITE v6.0 + v7.0) Chapter 5. It includes 39 multiple choice questions and answers about networking devices, media, protocols, and standards. Key topics covered include switches, routers, wireless access points, Ethernet cabling, TCP/IP model, Wi-Fi standards, and common network ports.
Structured models for addressing and naming make networks easier to operate and manage. Addressing and naming schemes should be assigned hierarchically from a central or distributed authority. Public IP addresses are assigned by regional internet registries, while private addresses like 10.0.0.0/8 and 172.16.0.0/12 are non-routable and used internally. The choice of static versus dynamic addressing depends on factors like network size, availability needs, and whether additional configuration is required.
This document provides the answers to a CCNA 1 v6.0 Final Exam with 100 questions. Some key points:
- It addresses topics related to networking fundamentals, including network models, protocols, network configuration and troubleshooting.
- The questions test knowledge of networking concepts and Cisco IOS commands across the OSI model layers, from physical layer addressing to application layer protocols.
- Answers are provided for multiple choice questions about LANs, WANs, routing, switching, IPv4 and IPv6 addressing, TCP/IP protocols and network client-server models.
This document provides answers to exam questions for the CCNA 1 curriculum. It includes answers for the final exam as well as answers for questions from chapters 1-11. For each chapter, it lists 2 multiple choice questions followed by short answers. The overall document serves as a study guide for the CCNA 1 certification exam.
The document is an internship presentation summarizing work done on networking concepts. It discusses how the internship was conducted under Cisco's Networking Academy to learn about network addressing, IP classes, subnetting, and configuring network devices using CLI. Packet Tracer was used as the simulation tool. The presentation covers networking fundamentals and a case study on variable length subnet masking and basic server and switch configuration.
The document discusses DHCP, NAT, and forwarding of IP packets. It begins by explaining DHCP and how DHCP servers dynamically assign IP addresses and network configuration parameters to devices on a network. It then covers network address translation, how NAT allows private IP addresses to be mapped to public IP addresses. The document concludes by discussing how routers forward IP packets based on the destination address, and methods for routing tables and longest prefix matching to determine the appropriate path for packet forwarding.
The document provides information about configuring networking devices and connections. It discusses [1] MAC and IP addressing, including static and dynamic configuration; [2] installing and configuring network interface cards; and [3] basic setup of wired and wireless networks, including connecting devices, logging into routers, and configuring wireless settings.
Similar to Cisco discovery d homesb module 10 final exam - v.4 in english. (20)
This document provides an introduction to a data communications networking course. It outlines the course schedule which covers topics like Ethernet, WAN technologies, IP networking and more over 5 days. It also discusses course materials, prerequisites, and objectives which include gaining an understanding of modern datacom technologies. The document provides details on standardization bodies and the OSI reference model, describing each layer and how data is transmitted through the protocol stack. It also covers physical media types like coaxial cable, twisted pair, fiber and their characteristics. Standards for physical layer interfaces like RS-232, RS-422 and V-series are also introduced.
This document provides an overview and summary of a training course on Agenda, GSM & MPA. The course agenda covers definitions and history of GSM, GSM services, system architecture including components like the HLR, VLR, BTS, BSC and MSC. It also discusses the GSM functional model including call management, mobility management and radio resource management. The document then summarizes the GSM radio interface, protocols like DTAP and interfaces like A-bis and A. It provides high-level descriptions of GSM standards and evolution over time.
IBM announced the new i890 32-way server featuring the POWER4 processor. The i890 provides up to 37,400 CPW and 1.85 times the performance of the i840 server. IBM also announced OS/400 V5R2 which focuses on simplifying enterprise IT management. The i890 and OS/400 V5R2 provide improved flexibility and growth options for adding new workloads.
The document describes an e-wallet application that allows users to make payments using Near Field Communication (NFC) technology on Android smartphones. It discusses how the application works, including user registration and login, adding payment balances by activating vouchers, and making expenditures by scanning NFC tags on smart posters. The application transfers user and transaction data between the smartphone app and a web server for validation. The document also evaluates the application's performance and network usage, finding that data reception uses more bandwidth than transmission and that internet connectivity was the main constraint reported by users. It concludes by recommending a focus on security and expanding platform support for broader use.
Cisco discovery drs ent module 8 - v.4 in english.igede tirtanata
The document contains questions and answers about configuring and applying access control lists (ACLs) on routers. Some key points:
- ACL entries are assigned sequence numbers, with new entries added at the end by default.
- Inbound ACLs are more efficient than outbound ACLs as they can deny packets before routing lookups.
- ACLs can be used to filter traffic, specify NAT source addresses, and identify traffic for QoS among other uses.
- Standard ACLs filter based on source address only while extended ACLs can filter on additional fields and factors.
Cisco discovery drs ent module 5 - v.4 in english.igede tirtanata
The document is a set of 20 multiple choice questions about networking concepts like VLSM, NAT, CIDR, and subnetting. Some of the questions ask about the maximum number of subnets that can be created from a specific subnet, the purpose of address overloading in NAT, the advantages of CIDR, how a router implements NAT overload, and characteristics of classful routing protocols. Other questions provide exhibits with network diagrams and ask about global vs local NAT addresses, valid subnet masks, summarized network ranges, and valid subnet addresses.
Cisco discovery drs ent module 3 - v.4 in english.igede tirtanata
The document contains questions and answers about networking concepts like VLANs, trunking, VTP, and STP.
Some key points:
- A router can connect VLANs on a switch using a trunk port and subinterfaces for each VLAN.
- VTP is used to maintain VLAN configuration consistency across switches in the same management domain and mode.
- STP elects a root bridge and puts switch ports into blocking, listening, learning, or forwarding states to prevent loops.
Cisco discovery drs ent module 4 - v.4 in english.igede tirtanata
The document is a set of 20 multiple choice questions about networking topics such as VLSM, NAT, CIDR, and routing protocols. Some of the questions ask about subnetting a network, the purpose of NAT overload, advantages of CIDR, how routers track addresses for NAT overload, characteristics of classful routing protocols, identifying inside and outside addresses in a NAT configuration, summarizing networks using CIDR, VLSM addressing schemes, appropriate subnet masks, available addresses in subnet configurations, routing updates sent with RIP v2, ranges of networks summarized by an address/mask, identifying the type of NAT based on translation output, available addresses for dynamic NAT pools, valid host addresses in a subnet, network/broadcast addresses in a subnet
Cisco discovery drs ent module 6 - v.4 in english.igede tirtanata
The document contains multiple choice questions about OSPF routing. It tests knowledge of OSPF concepts like DR/BDR election, network types, route calculation, and configuration. The questions cover topics such as OSPF network statements, adjacency formation between routers, and using OSPF in different network types.
Cisco discovery drs ent module 7 - v.4 in english.igede tirtanata
This document contains 24 multiple choice questions about network control protocols, data transmission rates, differences between LANs and WANs, Cisco's implementation of HDLC, connectivity problems, output of debug commands, functions of PPP, demarcation points, congestion indicators, time-division multiplexing, types of WAN connections, data communications equipment, encapsulation processes, and functions of LCP and cell switching. It provides information to test knowledge of fundamental networking concepts related to protocols, interfaces, addressing, and virtual circuits.
Cisco discovery drs ent module 10 - v.4 in english.igede tirtanata
This document contains multiple choice questions about networking topics such as VLANs, ACLs, routing protocols, and WAN technologies. Question 1 asks about the VTP mode that allows a switch to create VLANs and ignore VTP messages without passing local VLAN information. Question 2 asks about characteristics of extended ACLs. Question 3 asks about statements that are true regarding a PPP connection between two Cisco routers.
Cisco discovery d homesb module 7 - v.4 in english.igede tirtanata
The document contains 20 multiple choice questions about wireless networking technologies including IEEE 802.11, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, WLAN components, wireless security, encryption, authentication methods, and wireless network configuration options. It tests knowledge of key topics such as the differences between wireless and wired networking, factors that influence wireless network setup and performance, and common wireless network security standards and protocols.
Cisco discovery d homesb module 7 - v.4 in english.igede tirtanata
The document contains 20 multiple choice questions about wireless networking technologies including IEEE 802.11, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, WLAN components, wireless security, encryption, authentication, and common configuration options. It tests knowledge of the key differences between wireless and wired networking, factors that influence wireless network setup and performance, and security best practices.
Cisco discovery d homesb module 10 final exam - v.4 in english.igede tirtanata
The document contains a final exam with 30 multiple choice questions about networking concepts like local and network applications, wireless connectivity issues, DHCP configuration, network addressing, protocols, and common network devices. It tests knowledge of topics such as IP addressing, default gateways, wireless encryption, private IP ranges, and physical layer troubleshooting.
This document is a PowerPoint presentation about TCP/IP protocols and IP addressing. It contains slides on topics like the TCP/IP model, transport and internet layer protocols, IP addressing formats and classes, private IP addresses, subnetting, and dynamic addressing protocols like DHCP. The presentation is intended for instructors to modify for their CCNA networking classes.
This document is a PowerPoint presentation about Ethernet technologies that was created for instructors to modify for their own use. It covers the history and standards of Ethernet, including the parameters and implementations of 10 Mbps, 100 Mbps, 1 Gbps, and 10 Gbps Ethernet. The presentation provides information on Ethernet frames, encoding methods, cable types, and maximum distances for different Ethernet architectures. It concludes with a discussion of the expanding scope and future of Ethernet networking.
This document is a PowerPoint presentation about Ethernet fundamentals that was created for instructors to modify for their own use. It covers topics such as Ethernet naming rules, frame structures, MAC addressing, error handling, auto-negotiation, and transmission priority. The presentation provides information on the key concepts but is not intended as a study guide for assessments.
This PowerPoint presentation covers the key topics in CCNA 1 v3.1 Module 5 including cabling for LANs and WANs. It provides instructors with the Target Indicators from the module to modify for their own classes. The presentation covers LAN cabling using UTP and wireless, networking devices like hubs, switches, bridges and routers, connectivity models, and WAN cabling including serial, ISDN BRI and DSL connections. It is intended as a teaching guide and not as a study guide for assessments.
This document is a PowerPoint presentation about cable testing for CCNA 1 v3.1 Module 4. It provides an overview of topics like waves, exponents and logarithms, decibels, analog and digital signals, bandwidth, signaling over copper and fiber, attenuation and insertion loss, sources of noise, crosstalk, cable testing standards, and testing optical fiber. The presentation notes that a quality cable tester for Cat5e cabling is the Fluke DSP-LIA013 Channel/Traffic Adapter.
This document is a PowerPoint presentation about networking media for the CCNA 1 v3.1 Module 3. It includes slides on different types of networking cable such as coaxial cable, twisted pair cable and fiber optic cable. It also covers wireless networking concepts such as wireless standards, network components like access points, and wireless security. The presentation is intended for instructors as a template that can be modified for their classes.
Cisco discovery d homesb module 10 final exam - v.4 in english.
1. Cisco Discovery - DHomesb Module 10 Final Exam - V.4
in english.
Q.1 Which three statements are true about local and network applications? (Choose three.)
A local application is loaded in a local computer and can be accessed by a remote computer on the
network.
A network application is loaded in a local computer and accessed from a remote computer.
A local application is loaded in a local computer and accessed only by the local computer.
A network application is loaded in a local computer and accessed only by the local computer.
An example of a local application is e-mail.
An example of a network application is instant messaging.
Q.2 A wireless DHCP client cannot connect to the Internet through a Linksys integrated router. When
you type ipconfig on the host, no IP address, subnet mask, or default gateway shows. What are two of
the first things you will check? (Choose two.)
SSID
if the wireless client is configured for DHCP
the cable between client and integrated router
the firewall configuration on the integrated router
if the correct default gateway is configured on the client
if the correct default gateway is configured on the integrated router
2. Q.3 Refer to the graphic. Assume that the command output is from a wireless DHCP client that is
connected to a Linksys integrated router. What can be deduced from the output?
The wireless connection is good.
The WEP key or SSID needs to be checked.
The DHCP configuration on the router needs to be checked.
The wireless NIC driver or the NIC itself needs to be reinstalled.
Q.4 What measurement is commonly used to describe communication speed when transferring data?
bps
cps
Hz
MB
Q.5 What is an accurate description of network devices in the distribution layer?
They are designed to interconnect individual hosts.
They are designed to interconnect multiple companies.
They are designed to interconnect local network segments.
3. They are designed to switch data packets as fast as possible.
Q.6 When acting as a DHCP server, an integrated router can provide what three types of information to
a client? (Choose three.)
physical address
MAC address
default gateway
static IP address
dynamic IP address
DNS server address
Q.7 Where do ISPs get the public addresses that they assign to end users?
ISPs create the addresses themselves.
ISPs are assigned addresses through the RFC.
ISPs obtain their addresses automatically.
ISPs obtain address blocks from registry organizations.
Q.8 Refer to the graphic. What is the effect of setting the security mode to WEP on the Linksys
integrated router?
It identifies the wireless LAN.
It allows the access point to inform clients of its presence.
It translates IP addresses into easy-to-remember domain names.
It encrypts data between the wireless client and the access point.
4. It ensures that only authorized users are allowed access to the WLAN.
It translates an internal address or group of addresses into an outside, public address.
Q.9 When are leased lines typically used?
when low bandwidth is required
for home and small business connectivity
when a dedicated digital data line is necessary
as a less expensive option to cable and DSL modem service
Q.10 Which wireless protocol is used for encryption?
EAP
Open
PSK
WEP
Q.11 The area covered by a single AP is known as what?
ad-hoc network
basic service set
independent basic service set
extended service set
distribution system
Q.12 Which installation option should be chosen when the current operating system is too damaged to
work properly?
upgrade
5. multi-boot
clean install
virtualization
Q.13 What layer is the first point of entry for a host into the network?
core layer
access layer
network layer
distribution layer
Q.14 What two commands can be used to form a new binding if client information does not agree with
the DHCP client table? (Choose two.)
ipconfig /release
ipconfig /all
ipconfig /flushdns
ipconfig /renew
ipconfig
15. What are two advantages of purchasing a custom-built computer? (Choose two.)
usually a lower cost
no waiting period for assembly
user can specify higher performance components
supports higher-end graphics and gaming applications
fewer components to replace
Q.16 What information within a data packet does a router use, by default, to make forwarding
6. decisions?
the destination MAC address
the destination IP address
the destination host name
the destination service requested
Q.17 What is a service pack?
an access policy
an agreement between a company and a vendor
a piece of code created to fix one specific problem
a collection of patches and updates released by a vendor
a small piece of software designed specifically for security issues
Q.18 What is an ISP?
It is a standards body that develops cabling and wiring standards for networking.
It is a protocol that establishes how computers within a local network communicate.
It is an organization that allows individuals and businesses to connect to the Internet.
It is a networking device that combines the functionality of several different networking devices in
one.
Q.19 Which two statements correctly describe Media Access Control (MAC) addresses? (Choose two.)
MAC addresses are used to identify a specific NIC.
MAC addresses are physical addresses.
MAC addresses contain a network number and unique host identification.
MAC addresses are always assigned to network devices by a network administrator.
MAC addresses can be dynamically assigned.
7. Q.20 What is the name for the contract between a customer and an ISP that specifies requirements for
uptime and service response time?
DSL
IAB
NAP
SLA
Q.21 What are two ways that a user can interact with an operating system shell? (Choose two.)
CLI
OS
GUI
NIC
kernel
Q.22 Select the connection that would require a straight-through cable.
a switch to a hub
a router to a switch
a switch to a switch
a router to a router
23. Choose the option that shows the correct sequence of steps in the encapsulation of TCP/IP data that
is passed from a source to a destination host?
A. converts data to bits for transmission
B. packages the data for end to end transport
C. adds the data-link header and trailer
D. adds the network IP address to the header of the frame
A,B,C,D
8. A,C,D,B
B,D,C,A
B,C,D,A
D,C,B,A
Q.24 What is specified by the network number in an IP address?
the network to which the host belongs
the physical identity of the computer on the network
the node of the subnetwork which is being addressed
the broadcast identity of subnetwork
Q.25 Refer to the graphic. What is the purpose of assigning a Network Name of Academy?
It identifies the wireless LAN.
It translates IP addresses into easy-to-remember domain names.
It encrypts data between the wireless client and the access point.
It allows access to the AP configuration GUI by name rather than address.
It translates an internal address or group of addresses into an outside, public address.
Q.26 Which of the following statements best describes DNS?
DNS servers are used to map an IP address to a physical address.
DNS servers are used to map a name to an IP address.
9. DNS servers are used to configure logical address information for host computers.
DNS servers are used to translate from private addresses to public addresses.
Q.27 Which of the following are the address ranges of the private IP addresses? (Choose three.)
10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255
200.100.50.0 to 200.100.25.255
150.150.0.0 to 150.150.255.255
172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255
192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
127.16.0.0 to 127.31.255.255
Q.28 Which protocol is used to transfer files among network devices and perform file-management
functions?
DNS
FTP
HTML
HTTP
Q.29 Select three statements that correctly describe how DHCP services may be provided. (Choose
three.)
An integrated router provides IP configurations for most ISPs.
An integrated router can act as both DHCP server and DHCP client.
A home PC using a static IP address obtained that address from a DHCP server.
Most home network integrated routers receive an IP configuration directly from their ISP.
A variety of devices can act as DHCP servers, as long as they run DHCP service software.
A home PC is required by standards to obtain an IP address and default gateway from a DHCP server
(usually the ISP).
10. Q.30 Refer to the graphic. Based on the information that is shown, what statement is true?
This configuration would be commonly found in an ad hoc wireless network.
Any wireless client that is attached to this access point would have the same IP address and SSID.
All wireless devices that are connected to this access point must have an assigned SSID of Academy.
In addition to accepting wireless client requests, this access point must connect to the wired
network.
Q.31 Identify two causes of physical layer network problems. (Choose two.)
logical addressing issues
improperly terminated cables
cables plugged into wrong ports
incorrect MAC address assigned
packets received out of sequence
incorrect subnet mask on an interface
Q.32 Which part of the electromagnetic spectrum is commonly used to exchange data between a PDA
and a computer?
FM
radar
infrared
ultraviolet
11. Q.33 Which of the following are transport layer protocols of the TCP/IP model? (Choose two.)
FTP
UDP
SMTP
TFTP
TCP
Q.34 For the second time in a week, workstations on a LAN are not able to log into the server. The
technician fixed the problem the first time, but cannot remember the steps taken to solve it. What
aspect of the troubleshooting process has the technician neglected?
identifying the problem
asking end-users questions
documenting the troubleshooting process
using structured techniques to solve a problem
Q.35 What action will a router take when it receives a frame with a broadcast MAC address?
It will not forward the frame to another network.
It forwards the frame back to the sending host with its IP address as a response.
It forwards the frame out of all interfaces except the interface where the frame was received.
It forwards the frame back out the receiving interface to insure all hosts on the local network
receive it.
Q.36 A network host is accessing a web server. What two protocols are most likely being used as the
TCP/IP model application layer protocol and the internetwork layer protocol? (Choose two.)
IP
12. FTP
TCP
DHCP
HTTP
Q.37 Which statement is true concerning stateful packet inspection?
Access is permitted based on IP addresses of the source and destination devices.
Access is permitted based on the MAC addresses of the source and destination devices.
Access is permitted only if the type of application that is attempting to reach the internal host is
allowed.
Access is permitted only if it is a legitimate response to a request from an internal host.
Q.38 What does the term "attenuation" mean in data communication?
loss of signal strength as distance increases
time for a signal to reach its destination
leakage of signals from one cable pair to another
strengthening of a signal by a networking device
39. What is the default subnet mask for a class B address?
255.0.0.0
255.255.0.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.255
13. Q.40 Refer to the graphic. Based on the configuration information that is shown, which three types of
802.11 networks are allowed access to the WLAN? (Choose three.)
802.11a
802.11b
802.11e
802.11g
802.11n
802.11x
Q.41 Within a local network, which two items must be unique on a computer for it to successfully
connect to the network? (Choose two.)
IP address
subnet mask
computer name
default gateway address
operating system version
Q.42 When considering the purchase of a new operating system, what is meant by "Total Cost of
Ownership?"
applications and support costs
hardware and support costs
hardware and software costs
14. hardware, software, and support costs
hardware, operating system, and applications costs
Q.43 A computer joins the network and announces itself to all hosts on the LAN. What type of message
does the computer send out?
broadcast
simulcast
multicast
unicast
Q.44 Refer to the graphic. What feature can be installed on the Linksys integrated router to convert
private IP addresses to Internet-routable addresses?
authentication
DHCP
encryption
firewall
NAT
WEP
Q.45 When terminating UTP cabling, why is it important to untwist only a small amount of each wire
pair?
minimizes crosstalk
15. makes installation faster
ensures wires are in correct order
makes it easier to fit wires into connector
Q.46 A host sent a message that all other hosts on the local network received and processed. What type
of domain are all these hosts a part of?
local domain
multicast domain
collision domain
broadcast domain
Q.47 Your school network blocks all websites related to online gaming. What type of security policy is
being applied?
identification and authentication
remote access
acceptable use
incident handling
16. Q.48 Refer to the graphic. Assume that the exhibited output is from a host that is connected to a Linksys
integrated router. What is one of the first things you should check?
IP address on the host
IP address on the router
subnet mask on the host
default gateway on the host
link status LED on the front of the router
Q.49 How does a crossover cable make it possible for two "like devices" (for example, two switches) to
communicate?
The transmit pins are disconnected and only the receive pins are used.
The transmit pins on one device are connected to the transmit pins on the other device.
The receive pins on one device are connected to the receive pins on the other device.
The transmit pins on one device are connected to the receive pins on the other device.
50. What are two examples of storage peripheral devices? (Choose two.)
printer
flash drive
17. headphones
external DVD
barcode reader
Q.51 What are the two possible values for a digital bit? (Choose two.)
0
1
A
F
#
9
Q.52 What type of computer would most likely use a docking station?
laptop
server
desktop
mainframe
workstation