Advanced topics in software engineering

Unit-10
Advanced Topics in
Software Engineering

Intro CASE
•A CASE (Computer Aided Software Engineering) tool is a
generic term used to denote any form of automated
support for software engineering.
•A CASE tool means any tool used to automate some
activity associated with software development.
The primary reasons for using a CASE tool are:
• To increase productivity
• To help produce better quality software at lower cost

Components of CASE
CASE
repository
Document
Generator
Design
Generator
Analysis
tool
Code
Generator
Drawing
Tool
Error-checking
tool
Security and
Version Control
Screen and
Report Generator
Prototyping
Tool
Database
Generator

Components of CASE
•CASE repository
• Central component of any CASE tool
• Also known as the information repository or data
dictionary

Components of CASE
•CASE repository
• Centralized database
• Allows easy sharing of information between tools and
SDLC activities
• Used to store graphical diagrams and prototype forms
and reports during analysis and design workflows
• Provides wealth of information to project manager
and allows control over project
• Facilitates reusability

Components of CASE
•CASE repository acts as:
• Information repository
• Combines information about organization’s business
information and application portfolio
• Provides automated tools to manage and control access
• Data dictionary
• Used to manage and control access to information
repository
• Facilities for recording, storing and processing resources
• Useful for cross-referencing

Components of CASE
•Diagramming tools
• Allow you to represent a system and its components
visually
• Allows higher level processes to be easily decomposed
• Can examine processes or data models at high or low
level

Components of CASE
•Screen and report generators
• Used to
• Create, modify and test prototypes of computer displays and
reports
• Identify which data items to display or collect for each screen
or report
• Some tools have templates

Components of CASE
•Analysis tools
• Generate reports that help identify possible
inconsistencies, redundancies and omissions
• Generally focus on
• diagram completeness and consistency
• data structures and usage

Components of CASE
•CASE documentation generator tools
• Create standard reports based on contents of
repository
• Need textual descriptions of needs, solutions, trade-
offs, diagrams of data and processes, prototype
forms and reports, program specifications and user
documentation
• High-quality documentation leads to 80% reduction
in system maintenance effort in comparison to
average quality documentation

CASE integration
•Tools
• Support individual process tasks such as design
consistency checking, text editing, etc.
•Workbenches
• Support a process phase such as specification or design,
Normally include a number of integrated tools.
•Environments
• Support all or a substantial part of an entire software
process. Normally include several integrated
workbenches.

CASE Tools
• Upper CASE
• requirements
• specification
• planning
• design
• Lower CASE
• implementation
• integration
• maintenance

CASE Tool Taxonomy - 1
• Business process engineering tools
• represent business data objects, their relationships, and flow of
the data objects between company business areas
• Process modeling and management tools
• represent key elements of processes and provide links to other
tools that provide support to defined process activities
• Project planning tools
• used for cost and effort estimation, and project scheduling

•Risk analysis tools
• help project managers build risk tables by providing
detailed guidance in the identification and analysis of
risks
•Requirements tracing tools
• provide systematic database-like approach to tracking
requirement status beginning with specification

•Metrics and management tools
• management oriented tools capture project specific
metrics that provide an overall indication of productivity
or quality, technically oriented metrics determine metrics
that provide greater insight into the quality of design or
code
•Documentation tools
• provide opportunities for improved productivity by
reducing the amount of time needed to produce work
products

•System software tools
• network system software, object management services,
distributed component support, and communications
software
•Quality assurance tools
• metrics tools that audit source code to determine
compliance with language standards or tools that extract
metrics to project the quality of software being built

•Database management tools
• RDMS and OODMS serve as the foundation for the
establishment of the CASE repository
•Software configuration management tools
• uses the CASE repository to assist with all SCM tasks
(identification, version control, change control, auditing, status
accounting)
•Analysis and design tools
• enable the software engineer to create analysis and design
models of the system to be built, perform consistency checking
between models

•PRO/SIM tools
• prototyping and simulation tools provide software engineers
with ability to predict the behavior of real-time systems before
they are built and the creation of interface mockups for
customer review
•Interface design and development tools
• toolkits of interface components, often part environment with
a GUI to allow rapid prototyping of user interface designs

•Prototyping tools
• enable rapid definition of screen layouts, data design, and
report generation
•Programming tools
• compilers, editors, debuggers, OO programming environments,
fourth generation languages, graphical programming
environments, applications generators, and database query
generators
•Web development tools
• assist with the generation of web page text, graphics, forms,
scripts, applets, etc.

•Integration and testing tools
•data acquisition
• get data for testing
•static measurement
• analyze source code without using test cases
•dynamic measurement
• analyze source code during execution
•simulation
• simulate function of hardware and external devices
•test management
•cross-functional tools

•Static analysis tools
• code-based testing tools, specialized testing languages,
requirements-based testing tools
•Dynamic analysis tools
• intrusive tools modify source code by inserting probes to check
path coverage, assertions, or execution flow
• non-intrusive tools use a separate hardware processor running
in parallel with processor containing the program being tested

•Test management tools
• coordinate regression testing, compare actual and expected
output, conduct batch testing, and serve as generic test drivers
•Client/server testing tools
• exercise the GUI and network communications requirements for
the client and server

•Reengineering tools
•reverse engineering to specification tools
• generate analysis and design models from source code, where used
lists, and other design information
•code restructuring and analysis tools
• analyze program syntax, generate control flow graph, and automatically
generates a structured program
•on-line system reengineering tools
• used to modify on-line DBMS

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