The document contains slides from a lecture on software engineering. It discusses definitions of software and software engineering, different types of software applications, characteristics of web applications, and general principles of software engineering practice. The slides are copyrighted and intended for educational use as supplementary material for a textbook on software engineering.
Software development process models
Rapid Application Development (RAD) Model
Evolutionary Process Models
Spiral Model
THE FORMAL METHODS MODEL
Specialized Process Models
The Concurrent Development Model
The document contains slides from a lecture on software engineering process models. It discusses the waterfall model, V-model, incremental model and evolutionary models. The waterfall model follows sequential phases from requirements to maintenance without overlap. The V-model pairs each development phase with a testing phase. The incremental model combines linear and parallel activities to deliver software in increments. Evolutionary models take an iterative approach where software evolves over time through incremental improvements.
Software engineering a practitioners approach 8th edition pressman solutions ...Drusilla918
Full clear download( no error formatting) at: https://goo.gl/XmRyGP
software engineering a practitioner's approach 8th edition pdf free download
software engineering a practitioner's approach 8th edition ppt
software engineering a practitioner's approach 6th edition pdf
software engineering pressman 9th edition pdf
software engineering a practitioner's approach 9th edition
software engineering a practitioner's approach 9th edition pdf
software engineering a practitioner's approach 7th edition solution manual pdf
roger s. pressman
A software process provides stability, control, and organization for software development. It consists of a series of predictable steps that lead to a timely, high-quality product. Key elements include framework activities like planning, modeling, requirements analysis, design, construction, testing, and deployment. The specific tasks and level of rigor for each activity may vary based on the project. Process assessment ensures the process meets criteria for successful software engineering. The primary goal of any process is high-quality software delivered on time through reduced rework.
This document discusses different process models used in software development. It describes the key phases and characteristics of several common process models including waterfall, prototyping, V-model, incremental, iterative, spiral and agile development models. The waterfall model involves sequential phases from requirements to maintenance without iteration. Prototyping allows for user feedback earlier. The V-model adds verification and validation phases. Incremental and iterative models divide the work into smaller chunks to allow for iteration and user feedback throughout development.
This Presentation contains all the topics in design concept of software engineering. This is much more helpful in designing new product. You have to consider some of the design concepts that are given in the ppt
These slides discuss software testing strategies and accompany the textbook "Software Engineering: A Practitioner's Approach". They cover topics like the definition of testing, the strategic approach to testing, verification vs validation, unit testing, integration testing strategies, regression testing, smoke testing, and testing for object-oriented software. The overall purpose of the slides is to outline best practices and approaches for effectively testing software at various stages from the module level to full system integration and validation.
Architecture design in software engineeringPreeti Mishra
The document discusses software architectural design. It defines architecture as the structure of a system's components, their relationships, and properties. An architectural design model is transferable across different systems. The architecture enables analysis of design requirements and consideration of alternatives early in development. It represents the system in an intellectually graspable way. Common architectural styles structure systems and their components in different ways, such as data-centered, data flow, and call-and-return styles.
Software development process models
Rapid Application Development (RAD) Model
Evolutionary Process Models
Spiral Model
THE FORMAL METHODS MODEL
Specialized Process Models
The Concurrent Development Model
The document contains slides from a lecture on software engineering process models. It discusses the waterfall model, V-model, incremental model and evolutionary models. The waterfall model follows sequential phases from requirements to maintenance without overlap. The V-model pairs each development phase with a testing phase. The incremental model combines linear and parallel activities to deliver software in increments. Evolutionary models take an iterative approach where software evolves over time through incremental improvements.
Software engineering a practitioners approach 8th edition pressman solutions ...Drusilla918
Full clear download( no error formatting) at: https://goo.gl/XmRyGP
software engineering a practitioner's approach 8th edition pdf free download
software engineering a practitioner's approach 8th edition ppt
software engineering a practitioner's approach 6th edition pdf
software engineering pressman 9th edition pdf
software engineering a practitioner's approach 9th edition
software engineering a practitioner's approach 9th edition pdf
software engineering a practitioner's approach 7th edition solution manual pdf
roger s. pressman
A software process provides stability, control, and organization for software development. It consists of a series of predictable steps that lead to a timely, high-quality product. Key elements include framework activities like planning, modeling, requirements analysis, design, construction, testing, and deployment. The specific tasks and level of rigor for each activity may vary based on the project. Process assessment ensures the process meets criteria for successful software engineering. The primary goal of any process is high-quality software delivered on time through reduced rework.
This document discusses different process models used in software development. It describes the key phases and characteristics of several common process models including waterfall, prototyping, V-model, incremental, iterative, spiral and agile development models. The waterfall model involves sequential phases from requirements to maintenance without iteration. Prototyping allows for user feedback earlier. The V-model adds verification and validation phases. Incremental and iterative models divide the work into smaller chunks to allow for iteration and user feedback throughout development.
This Presentation contains all the topics in design concept of software engineering. This is much more helpful in designing new product. You have to consider some of the design concepts that are given in the ppt
These slides discuss software testing strategies and accompany the textbook "Software Engineering: A Practitioner's Approach". They cover topics like the definition of testing, the strategic approach to testing, verification vs validation, unit testing, integration testing strategies, regression testing, smoke testing, and testing for object-oriented software. The overall purpose of the slides is to outline best practices and approaches for effectively testing software at various stages from the module level to full system integration and validation.
Architecture design in software engineeringPreeti Mishra
The document discusses software architectural design. It defines architecture as the structure of a system's components, their relationships, and properties. An architectural design model is transferable across different systems. The architecture enables analysis of design requirements and consideration of alternatives early in development. It represents the system in an intellectually graspable way. Common architectural styles structure systems and their components in different ways, such as data-centered, data flow, and call-and-return styles.
This document discusses various topics related to software design including design principles, concepts, modeling, and architecture. It provides examples of class/data design, architectural design, interface design, and component design. Some key points discussed include:
- Software design creates representations and models that provide details on architecture, data structures, interfaces, and components needed to implement the system.
- Design concepts like abstraction, modularity, encapsulation, and information hiding are important to reduce complexity and improve design.
- Different types of design models include data/class design, architectural design, interface design, and component-level design.
- Good software architecture and design lead to systems that are more understandable, maintainable, and of higher quality.
The document discusses requirements analysis and analysis modeling principles for software engineering. It covers key topics such as:
1. Requirements analysis specifies a software's operational characteristics and interface with other systems to establish constraints. Analysis modeling focuses on what the software needs to do, not how it will be implemented.
2. Analysis modeling principles include representing the information domain, defining functions, modeling behavior, partitioning complex problems, and moving from essential information to implementation details.
3. Common analysis techniques involve use case diagrams, class diagrams, state diagrams, data flow diagrams, and data modeling to define attributes, relationships, cardinality and modality between data objects.
The document discusses several prescriptive software process models including:
1) The waterfall model which follows sequential phases from requirements to deployment but lacks iteration.
2) The incremental model which delivers functionality in increments with each phase repeated.
3) Prototyping which focuses on visible aspects to refine requirements through iterative prototypes and feedback.
4) The RAD (Rapid Application Development) model which emphasizes very short development cycles of 60-90 days using parallel teams and automated tools. The document provides descriptions and diagrams of each model.
This document discusses requirements modeling in software engineering. It covers creating various models during requirements analysis, including scenario-based models, data models, class-oriented models, flow-oriented models, and behavioral models. These models form the requirements model, which is the first technical representation of a system. The document provides examples of writing use cases and constructing a preliminary use case diagram for a home security system called SafeHome. It emphasizes that requirements modeling lays the foundation for software specification and design.
This document discusses different approaches to requirements modeling including scenario-based modeling using use cases and activity diagrams, data modeling using entity-relationship diagrams, and class-based modeling using class-responsibility-collaborator diagrams. Requirements modeling depicts requirements using text and diagrams to help validate requirements from different perspectives and uncover errors, inconsistencies, and omissions. The models focus on what the system needs to do at a high level rather than implementation details.
Ian Sommerville, Software Engineering, 9th Edition Ch1Mohammed Romi
The document provides an introduction to software engineering concepts. It discusses what software engineering is, the importance of ethics in software development, and introduces three case studies that will be used as examples throughout the book. Specifically:
[1] It defines software engineering as an engineering discipline concerned with all aspects of software production. Professional and ethical practices are important.
[2] It discusses software engineering ethics and introduces the ACM/IEEE code of ethics for software engineers.
[3] It provides an overview of three case studies that will be referenced in later chapters: an insulin pump system, a patient management system, and a weather station system.
Process models provide structure and organization to software development projects. They define a series of steps and activities to follow, including communication, planning, modeling, construction, and deployment. Various process models exist such as waterfall, iterative, incremental, prototyping, and spiral. Process patterns describe common problems encountered and proven solutions. Process assessment ensures the chosen process meets criteria for success. Evolutionary models like prototyping and spiral are useful when requirements are unclear and the project involves risk reduction through iterative development.
This lecture provide a detail concepts of user interface development design and evaluation. This lecture have complete guideline toward UI development. The interesting thing about this lecture is Software User Interface Design trends.
The document discusses various software process models including prescriptive models like waterfall model and incremental process model. It also covers evolutionary models like prototyping and spiral process model. Specialized models covered are component based development, formal methods model, aspect oriented development and unified process model. The key highlights are that different models are suited for different situations based on project needs and each model has advantages and disadvantages to consider.
Evolutionary process models allow developers to iteratively create increasingly complete versions of software. Examples include the prototyping paradigm, spiral model, and concurrent development model. The prototyping paradigm uses prototypes to elicit requirements from customers. The spiral model couples iterative prototyping with controlled development, dividing the project into framework activities. The concurrent development model concurrently develops components with defined interfaces to enable integration. These evolutionary models allow flexibility and accommodate changes but require strong communication and updated requirements.
The COCOMO model is a widely used software cost estimation model that predicts development effort and schedule based on project attributes. It includes basic, intermediate, and detailed models of increasing complexity. The intermediate model estimates effort as a function of source lines of code and cost drivers. The detailed model further incorporates the impact of cost drivers on development phases. COCOMO 2 expands on this with application composition, early design, reuse, and post-architecture models for different project stages.
The Waterfall model is a popular sequential model of the software development life cycle where each phase must be completed before the next begins. It consists of requirements, design, implementation, verification, and maintenance phases. Though simple to understand and manage, the Waterfall model works best for smaller, well-defined projects as it is inflexible to changes and produces no working software until late in the cycle.
This document discusses common myths held by software managers, developers, and customers. It describes myths such as believing formal standards and procedures are sufficient, thinking new hardware means high quality development, adding people to late projects will help catch up, and outsourcing means relaxing oversight. Realities discussed include standards not being used effectively, tools being more important than hardware, adding people making projects later, and needing management and control of outsourced projects. Developer myths like thinking the job is done once code runs and quality can't be assessed until code runs are addressed. The document emphasizes the importance of requirements, documentation, quality processes, and addressing change impacts.
This document discusses software process models. It defines a software process as a framework for activities required to build high-quality software. A process model describes the phases in a product's lifetime from initial idea to final use. The document then describes a generic process model with five framework activities - communication, planning, modeling, construction, and deployment. It provides an example of identifying task sets for different sized projects. Finally, it discusses the waterfall process model as the first published model, outlining its sequential phases and problems with being rarely linear and requiring all requirements up front.
The document discusses software architecture design. It defines software architecture as the structure of components, relationships between components, and properties of components. An architectural design model can be applied to other systems and represents predictable ways to describe architecture. The architecture represents a system and enables analysis of effectiveness in meeting requirements and reducing risks. Key aspects of architectural design include communication between stakeholders, controlling complexity, consistency, reducing risks, and enabling reuse. Common architectural styles discussed include data-centered, data flow, call-and-return, object-oriented, and layered architectures.
Agile development focuses on effective communication, customer collaboration, and incremental delivery of working software. The key principles of agile development according to the Agile Alliance include satisfying customers, welcoming changing requirements, frequent delivery, collaboration between business and development teams, and self-organizing teams. Extreme Programming (XP) is an agile process model that emphasizes planning with user stories, simple design, pair programming, unit testing, and frequent integration and testing.
The document discusses the origins and drivers of software engineering as a discipline. It arose in response to frequent software project failures in the late 1960s, termed the "software crisis". Key points:
- Software engineering aims to apply systematic and quantifiable principles to software development and maintenance to improve quality, productivity and job satisfaction.
- It draws on computer science, management science, economics and other fields. Processes and models help manage complex software projects.
- Early process models included waterfall and prototyping. Later agile models like spiral emphasize iterative development and risk management over rigid phases.
This document discusses software architecture from both a management and technical perspective. From a management perspective, it defines an architecture as the design concept, an architecture baseline as tangible artifacts that satisfy stakeholders, and an architecture description as a human-readable representation of the design. It also notes that mature processes, clear requirements, and a demonstrable architecture are important for predictable project planning. Technically, it describes Philippe Kruchten's model of software architecture, which includes use case, design, process, component, and deployment views that model different aspects of realizing a system's design.
This ppt covers the following
A strategic approach to testing
Test strategies for conventional software
Test strategies for object-oriented software
Validation testing
System testing
The art of debugging
The document discusses key aspects of software and software engineering. It defines software as computer programs, data structures, and documentation. Software is engineered rather than manufactured. The document outlines different types of software applications and discusses characteristics that are important for web applications. It provides definitions of software engineering from seminal and IEEE sources, describing it as the systematic and disciplined development of quality software. The document presents a process framework for software engineering including core activities, umbrella activities, and considerations for adapting process models.
The document discusses slides that accompany the textbook "Software Engineering: A Practitioner's Approach". The slides cover topics like the definition of software, different types of software applications, legacy software, and how software categories like web applications are evolving. In particular, the slides describe how web applications have grown from simple hypertext files to sophisticated tools that provide full computing potential.
This document discusses various topics related to software design including design principles, concepts, modeling, and architecture. It provides examples of class/data design, architectural design, interface design, and component design. Some key points discussed include:
- Software design creates representations and models that provide details on architecture, data structures, interfaces, and components needed to implement the system.
- Design concepts like abstraction, modularity, encapsulation, and information hiding are important to reduce complexity and improve design.
- Different types of design models include data/class design, architectural design, interface design, and component-level design.
- Good software architecture and design lead to systems that are more understandable, maintainable, and of higher quality.
The document discusses requirements analysis and analysis modeling principles for software engineering. It covers key topics such as:
1. Requirements analysis specifies a software's operational characteristics and interface with other systems to establish constraints. Analysis modeling focuses on what the software needs to do, not how it will be implemented.
2. Analysis modeling principles include representing the information domain, defining functions, modeling behavior, partitioning complex problems, and moving from essential information to implementation details.
3. Common analysis techniques involve use case diagrams, class diagrams, state diagrams, data flow diagrams, and data modeling to define attributes, relationships, cardinality and modality between data objects.
The document discusses several prescriptive software process models including:
1) The waterfall model which follows sequential phases from requirements to deployment but lacks iteration.
2) The incremental model which delivers functionality in increments with each phase repeated.
3) Prototyping which focuses on visible aspects to refine requirements through iterative prototypes and feedback.
4) The RAD (Rapid Application Development) model which emphasizes very short development cycles of 60-90 days using parallel teams and automated tools. The document provides descriptions and diagrams of each model.
This document discusses requirements modeling in software engineering. It covers creating various models during requirements analysis, including scenario-based models, data models, class-oriented models, flow-oriented models, and behavioral models. These models form the requirements model, which is the first technical representation of a system. The document provides examples of writing use cases and constructing a preliminary use case diagram for a home security system called SafeHome. It emphasizes that requirements modeling lays the foundation for software specification and design.
This document discusses different approaches to requirements modeling including scenario-based modeling using use cases and activity diagrams, data modeling using entity-relationship diagrams, and class-based modeling using class-responsibility-collaborator diagrams. Requirements modeling depicts requirements using text and diagrams to help validate requirements from different perspectives and uncover errors, inconsistencies, and omissions. The models focus on what the system needs to do at a high level rather than implementation details.
Ian Sommerville, Software Engineering, 9th Edition Ch1Mohammed Romi
The document provides an introduction to software engineering concepts. It discusses what software engineering is, the importance of ethics in software development, and introduces three case studies that will be used as examples throughout the book. Specifically:
[1] It defines software engineering as an engineering discipline concerned with all aspects of software production. Professional and ethical practices are important.
[2] It discusses software engineering ethics and introduces the ACM/IEEE code of ethics for software engineers.
[3] It provides an overview of three case studies that will be referenced in later chapters: an insulin pump system, a patient management system, and a weather station system.
Process models provide structure and organization to software development projects. They define a series of steps and activities to follow, including communication, planning, modeling, construction, and deployment. Various process models exist such as waterfall, iterative, incremental, prototyping, and spiral. Process patterns describe common problems encountered and proven solutions. Process assessment ensures the chosen process meets criteria for success. Evolutionary models like prototyping and spiral are useful when requirements are unclear and the project involves risk reduction through iterative development.
This lecture provide a detail concepts of user interface development design and evaluation. This lecture have complete guideline toward UI development. The interesting thing about this lecture is Software User Interface Design trends.
The document discusses various software process models including prescriptive models like waterfall model and incremental process model. It also covers evolutionary models like prototyping and spiral process model. Specialized models covered are component based development, formal methods model, aspect oriented development and unified process model. The key highlights are that different models are suited for different situations based on project needs and each model has advantages and disadvantages to consider.
Evolutionary process models allow developers to iteratively create increasingly complete versions of software. Examples include the prototyping paradigm, spiral model, and concurrent development model. The prototyping paradigm uses prototypes to elicit requirements from customers. The spiral model couples iterative prototyping with controlled development, dividing the project into framework activities. The concurrent development model concurrently develops components with defined interfaces to enable integration. These evolutionary models allow flexibility and accommodate changes but require strong communication and updated requirements.
The COCOMO model is a widely used software cost estimation model that predicts development effort and schedule based on project attributes. It includes basic, intermediate, and detailed models of increasing complexity. The intermediate model estimates effort as a function of source lines of code and cost drivers. The detailed model further incorporates the impact of cost drivers on development phases. COCOMO 2 expands on this with application composition, early design, reuse, and post-architecture models for different project stages.
The Waterfall model is a popular sequential model of the software development life cycle where each phase must be completed before the next begins. It consists of requirements, design, implementation, verification, and maintenance phases. Though simple to understand and manage, the Waterfall model works best for smaller, well-defined projects as it is inflexible to changes and produces no working software until late in the cycle.
This document discusses common myths held by software managers, developers, and customers. It describes myths such as believing formal standards and procedures are sufficient, thinking new hardware means high quality development, adding people to late projects will help catch up, and outsourcing means relaxing oversight. Realities discussed include standards not being used effectively, tools being more important than hardware, adding people making projects later, and needing management and control of outsourced projects. Developer myths like thinking the job is done once code runs and quality can't be assessed until code runs are addressed. The document emphasizes the importance of requirements, documentation, quality processes, and addressing change impacts.
This document discusses software process models. It defines a software process as a framework for activities required to build high-quality software. A process model describes the phases in a product's lifetime from initial idea to final use. The document then describes a generic process model with five framework activities - communication, planning, modeling, construction, and deployment. It provides an example of identifying task sets for different sized projects. Finally, it discusses the waterfall process model as the first published model, outlining its sequential phases and problems with being rarely linear and requiring all requirements up front.
The document discusses software architecture design. It defines software architecture as the structure of components, relationships between components, and properties of components. An architectural design model can be applied to other systems and represents predictable ways to describe architecture. The architecture represents a system and enables analysis of effectiveness in meeting requirements and reducing risks. Key aspects of architectural design include communication between stakeholders, controlling complexity, consistency, reducing risks, and enabling reuse. Common architectural styles discussed include data-centered, data flow, call-and-return, object-oriented, and layered architectures.
Agile development focuses on effective communication, customer collaboration, and incremental delivery of working software. The key principles of agile development according to the Agile Alliance include satisfying customers, welcoming changing requirements, frequent delivery, collaboration between business and development teams, and self-organizing teams. Extreme Programming (XP) is an agile process model that emphasizes planning with user stories, simple design, pair programming, unit testing, and frequent integration and testing.
The document discusses the origins and drivers of software engineering as a discipline. It arose in response to frequent software project failures in the late 1960s, termed the "software crisis". Key points:
- Software engineering aims to apply systematic and quantifiable principles to software development and maintenance to improve quality, productivity and job satisfaction.
- It draws on computer science, management science, economics and other fields. Processes and models help manage complex software projects.
- Early process models included waterfall and prototyping. Later agile models like spiral emphasize iterative development and risk management over rigid phases.
This document discusses software architecture from both a management and technical perspective. From a management perspective, it defines an architecture as the design concept, an architecture baseline as tangible artifacts that satisfy stakeholders, and an architecture description as a human-readable representation of the design. It also notes that mature processes, clear requirements, and a demonstrable architecture are important for predictable project planning. Technically, it describes Philippe Kruchten's model of software architecture, which includes use case, design, process, component, and deployment views that model different aspects of realizing a system's design.
This ppt covers the following
A strategic approach to testing
Test strategies for conventional software
Test strategies for object-oriented software
Validation testing
System testing
The art of debugging
The document discusses key aspects of software and software engineering. It defines software as computer programs, data structures, and documentation. Software is engineered rather than manufactured. The document outlines different types of software applications and discusses characteristics that are important for web applications. It provides definitions of software engineering from seminal and IEEE sources, describing it as the systematic and disciplined development of quality software. The document presents a process framework for software engineering including core activities, umbrella activities, and considerations for adapting process models.
The document discusses slides that accompany the textbook "Software Engineering: A Practitioner's Approach". The slides cover topics like the definition of software, different types of software applications, legacy software, and how software categories like web applications are evolving. In particular, the slides describe how web applications have grown from simple hypertext files to sophisticated tools that provide full computing potential.
The document discusses several agile software development methodologies including:
- Extreme Programming (XP) which emphasizes user stories, pair programming, testing, and frequent delivery of working software increments.
- Adaptive Software Development (ASD) which uses mission-driven planning, time-boxing, and emphasizes learning throughout the process.
- Scrum which partitions work into packets and sprints derived from a backlog, with daily standup meetings and frequent demos to the customer.
These slides accompany the textbook "Software Engineering: A Practitioner's Approach" and were created by Roger Pressman. They cover various topics related to software engineering process models, including prescriptive models like the waterfall model and V-model, evolutionary models like prototyping, spiral development and concurrent development, and specific models like the Unified Process, Personal Software Process and Team Software Process. The slides also discuss process patterns, assessment methods and improving software processes.
This document provides an introduction to software engineering. It defines software as computer programs, documentation, and data structures. Software can be generic, developed for a general market, or bespoke (custom), developed for a single customer. The document also discusses what software engineering is, the difference between software engineering and computer science, the costs of software engineering, software engineering methods, CASE tools, attributes of good software, types of software applications, and characteristics of web applications.
This document discusses metrics that can be used to measure software processes and projects. It begins by explaining why measurement is important for assessing project status, tracking risks, finding problem areas, and improving processes. It then provides examples of different types of metrics that can be measured, including process metrics related to quality, productivity, and reuse, as well as project metrics related to inputs, outputs, results, effort, defects, and size. Guidelines are also given for establishing an effective metrics program.
This document discusses agile software development methods. It begins by presenting the Agile Manifesto, which values individuals, interactions, working software, and responding to change over processes, tools, documentation, and following a plan. It then defines agility and discusses how agile processes deliver working software frequently through iterative development with customer collaboration. The document proceeds to describe several prominent agile methods like Extreme Programming, Adaptive Software Development, Scrum, Dynamic Systems Development Method, Crystal, Feature Driven Development, and Agile Modeling.
This document summarizes several agile software development methodologies including:
- Extreme Programming (XP) which emphasizes iterative development, unit testing, and pair programming.
- Adaptive Software Development (ASD) which focuses on collaboration, self-organization, and learning through iterations.
- Dynamic Systems Development Method (DSDM) which provides an agile framework using incremental prototyping.
- Scrum which partitions work into packets and emphasizes ongoing testing and documentation.
All the methodologies aim to improve responsiveness to change through principles like iterative delivery, collaboration, and simplicity.
The document contains slides about architectural design from a software engineering textbook. It discusses the importance of architectural design in enabling communication between stakeholders, highlighting early design decisions, and reducing risks. It also covers architectural descriptions, genres, styles, patterns, context, archetypes, component structure, analysis and complexity. The slides are intended to accompany lessons from the textbook on translating requirements into a program architecture through techniques like hierarchical decomposition and mapping data flow diagrams.
This document discusses key concepts for managing software projects and engineering teams. It covers the four elements of projects (people, product, process, project), stakeholders, team structures, communication methods, defining the product scope, decomposing problems, selecting a development process, and practices for successful projects. The overall focus is on planning teams, work, and coordination to deliver quality software on time and on budget.
The document discusses the importance of software and how it provides competitive advantage through differentiation and generation of information. It also discusses how communication, work patterns, and knowledge acquisition are changing with technologies like video conferencing, intelligent agents, and data mining. The document concludes by discussing ethics in software engineering through codes of ethics and on a personal level.
This document contains slides about user interface design from the textbook "Software Engineering: A Practitioner's Approach". The slides discuss key principles of interface design such as placing the user in control, reducing memory load, and consistency. They also cover the interface design process, including analysis of users, tasks, content and environments, as well as steps for defining interface objects, states, and events. The document is copyrighted and intended for educational use with the textbook.
The document contains slides related to software design concepts from the textbook "Software Engineering: A Practitioner's Approach". It discusses key design principles such as abstraction, architecture, patterns, separation of concerns, modularity, information hiding, stepwise refinement, functional independence, and cohesion. The slides provide examples and definitions for these important software design topics.
This document contains slides about software project planning and estimation. The slides discuss establishing project scope, determining feasibility, analyzing risks, defining required resources, and estimating cost and effort. Several techniques for project estimation are presented, including using lines of code, function points, process-based decomposition, tools, and use cases. Empirical estimation models like COCOMO-II are also summarized. The overall goal of the slides is to present methods for planning a software project to control, track, and monitor it so the end result is delivered on time and with quality.
These slides summarize key concepts about software testing strategies from the book "Software Engineering: A Practitioner's Approach". The slides cover topics such as unit testing, integration testing, regression testing, object-oriented testing, and debugging. The overall strategic approach to testing outlined in the slides is to begin with "testing in the small" at the component level and work outward toward integrated system testing. Different testing techniques are appropriate at different stages of development.
These slides discuss web application design and accompany a textbook on software engineering. They cover topics like when web design is important, key qualities of good web design like security and usability, design goals for consistency and identity. Interface design principles are outlined focusing on navigation, consistency and usability. Models for content, architecture and navigation design are also presented.
These slides discuss software configuration management and introduce key concepts such as:
- Software systems will change throughout their lifecycle and SCM is needed to manage changes.
- A software configuration includes programs, documents, and data that are managed and changed as a unit.
- Baselines mark milestones and are approved versions that changes are made against via a formal process.
- A repository stores and manages different versions of configuration items and their dependencies.
- Version control, change control, auditing and other processes are used to manage all changes.
- Content management systems extend traditional SCM to also manage dynamic web content and publishing.
Similar to Chapter 01 software engineering pressman (20)
An In-Depth Exploration of Natural Language Processing: Evolution, Applicatio...DharmaBanothu
Natural language processing (NLP) has
recently garnered significant interest for the
computational representation and analysis of human
language. Its applications span multiple domains such
as machine translation, email spam detection,
information extraction, summarization, healthcare,
and question answering. This paper first delineates
four phases by examining various levels of NLP and
components of Natural Language Generation,
followed by a review of the history and progression of
NLP. Subsequently, we delve into the current state of
the art by presenting diverse NLP applications,
contemporary trends, and challenges. Finally, we
discuss some available datasets, models, and
evaluation metrics in NLP.
Better Builder Magazine brings together premium product manufactures and leading builders to create better differentiated homes and buildings that use less energy, save water and reduce our impact on the environment. The magazine is published four times a year.
This is an overview of my current metallic design and engineering knowledge base built up over my professional career and two MSc degrees : - MSc in Advanced Manufacturing Technology University of Portsmouth graduated 1st May 1998, and MSc in Aircraft Engineering Cranfield University graduated 8th June 2007.
Sri Guru Hargobind Ji - Bandi Chor Guru.pdfBalvir Singh
Sri Guru Hargobind Ji (19 June 1595 - 3 March 1644) is revered as the Sixth Nanak.
• On 25 May 1606 Guru Arjan nominated his son Sri Hargobind Ji as his successor. Shortly
afterwards, Guru Arjan was arrested, tortured and killed by order of the Mogul Emperor
Jahangir.
• Guru Hargobind's succession ceremony took place on 24 June 1606. He was barely
eleven years old when he became 6th Guru.
• As ordered by Guru Arjan Dev Ji, he put on two swords, one indicated his spiritual
authority (PIRI) and the other, his temporal authority (MIRI). He thus for the first time
initiated military tradition in the Sikh faith to resist religious persecution, protect
people’s freedom and independence to practice religion by choice. He transformed
Sikhs to be Saints and Soldier.
• He had a long tenure as Guru, lasting 37 years, 9 months and 3 days
2. These slides are designed to accompany Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 7/e
(McGraw-Hill 2009). Slides copyright 2009 by Roger Pressman. 2
What is Software?
Software is: (1) instructions (computer
programs) that when executed provide desired
features, function, and performance; (2) data
structures that enable the programs to
adequately manipulate information and (3)
documentation that describes the operation
and use of the programs.
3. These slides are designed to accompany Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 7/e
(McGraw-Hill 2009). Slides copyright 2009 by Roger Pressman. 3
What is Software?
Software is developed or engineered, it is
not manufactured in the classical sense.
Software doesn't "wear out."
Although the industry is moving toward
component-based construction, most
software continues to be custom-built.
4. These slides are designed to accompany Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 7/e
(McGraw-Hill 2009). Slides copyright 2009 by Roger Pressman. 4
Wear vs. Deterioration
5. These slides are designed to accompany Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 7/e
(McGraw-Hill 2009). Slides copyright 2009 by Roger Pressman. 5
Software Applications
system software
application software
engineering/scientific
software
embedded software
product-line software
WebApps (Web
applications)
AI software
6. These slides are designed to accompany Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 7/e
(McGraw-Hill 2009). Slides copyright 2009 by Roger Pressman. 6
Software—New Categories
Open world computing—pervasive, distributed
computing
Ubiquitous computing—wireless networks
Netsourcing—the Web as a computing engine
Open source—”free” source code open to the
computing community (a blessing, but also a potential
curse!)
Also … (see Chapter 31)
Data mining
Grid computing
Cognitive machines
Software for nanotechnologies
7. These slides are designed to accompany Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 7/e
(McGraw-Hill 2009). Slides copyright 2009 by Roger Pressman. 7
Legacy Software
software must be adapted to meet the needs
of new computing environments or
technology.
software must be enhanced to implement new
business requirements.
software must be extended to make it
interoperable with other more modern
systems or databases.
software must be re-architected to make it
viable within a network environment.
Why must it change?
8. These slides are designed to accompany Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 7/e
(McGraw-Hill 2009). Slides copyright 2009 by Roger Pressman. 8
Characteristics of WebApps - I
Network intensiveness. A WebApp resides on a network and
must serve the needs of a diverse community of clients.
Concurrency. A large number of users may access the
WebApp at one time.
Unpredictable load. The number of users of the WebApp may
vary by orders of magnitude from day to day.
Performance. If a WebApp user must wait too long (for
access, for server-side processing, for client-side formatting
and display), he or she may decide to go elsewhere.
Availability. Although expectation of 100 percent availability is
unreasonable, users of popular WebApps often demand
access on a “24/7/365” basis.
9. These slides are designed to accompany Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 7/e
(McGraw-Hill 2009). Slides copyright 2009 by Roger Pressman. 9
Characteristics of WebApps - II
Data driven. The primary function of many WebApps is to use
hypermedia to present text, graphics, audio, and video content to
the end-user.
Content sensitive. The quality and aesthetic nature of content
remains an important determinant of the quality of a WebApp.
Continuous evolution. Unlike conventional application software
that evolves over a series of planned, chronologically-spaced
releases, Web applications evolve continuously.
Immediacy. Although immediacy—the compelling need to get
software to market quickly—is a characteristic of many application
domains, WebApps often exhibit a time to market that can be a
matter of a few days or weeks.
Security. Because WebApps are available via network access, it
is difficult, if not impossible, to limit the population of end-users
who may access the application.
Aesthetics. An undeniable part of the appeal of a WebApp is its
look and feel.
10. These slides are designed to accompany Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 7/e
(McGraw-Hill 2009). Slides copyright 2009 by Roger Pressman. 10
Software Engineering
Some realities:
a concerted effort should be made to understand the
problem before a software solution is developed
design becomes a pivotal activity
software should exhibit high quality
software should be maintainable
The seminal definition:
[Software engineering is] the establishment and use
of sound engineering principles in order to obtain
economically software that is reliable and works
efficiently on real machines.
11. These slides are designed to accompany Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 7/e
(McGraw-Hill 2009). Slides copyright 2009 by Roger Pressman. 11
Software Engineering
The IEEE definition:
Software Engineering: (1) The application of a
systematic, disciplined, quantifiable approach to the
development, operation, and maintenance of
software; that is, the application of engineering to
software. (2) The study of approaches as in (1).
12. These slides are designed to accompany Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 7/e
(McGraw-Hill 2009). Slides copyright 2009 by Roger Pressman. 12
A Layered Technology
Software Engineering
a “quality” focus
process model
methods
tools
13. These slides are designed to accompany Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 7/e
(McGraw-Hill 2009). Slides copyright 2009 by Roger Pressman. 13
A Process Framework
Process framework
Framework activities
work tasks
work products
milestones & deliverables
QA checkpoints
Umbrella Activities
14. These slides are designed to accompany Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 7/e
(McGraw-Hill 2009). Slides copyright 2009 by Roger Pressman. 14
Framework Activities
Communication
Planning
Modeling
Analysis of requirements
Design
Construction
Code generation
Testing
Deployment
15. These slides are designed to accompany Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 7/e
(McGraw-Hill 2009). Slides copyright 2009 by Roger Pressman. 15
Umbrella Activities
Software project management
Formal technical reviews
Software quality assurance
Software configuration management
Work product preparation and production
Reusability management
Measurement
Risk management
16. These slides are designed to accompany Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 7/e
(McGraw-Hill 2009). Slides copyright 2009 by Roger Pressman. 16
Adapting a Process Model
the overall flow of activities, actions, and tasks and the
interdependencies among them
the degree to which actions and tasks are defined within
each framework activity
the degree to which work products are identified and
required
the manner which quality assurance activities are applied
the manner in which project tracking and control activities
are applied
the overall degree of detail and rigor with which the
process is described
the degree to which the customer and other stakeholders
are involved with the project
the level of autonomy given to the software team
the degree to which team organization and roles are
prescribed
17. These slides are designed to accompany Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 7/e
(McGraw-Hill 2009). Slides copyright 2009 by Roger Pressman. 17
The Essence of Practice
Polya suggests:
1. Understand the problem (communication and analysis).
2. Plan a solution (modeling and software design).
3. Carry out the plan (code generation).
4. Examine the result for accuracy (testing and quality
assurance).
18. These slides are designed to accompany Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 7/e
(McGraw-Hill 2009). Slides copyright 2009 by Roger Pressman. 18
Understand the Problem
Who has a stake in the solution to the
problem? That is, who are the stakeholders?
What are the unknowns? What data, functions,
and features are required to properly solve the
problem?
Can the problem be compartmentalized? Is it
possible to represent smaller problems that
may be easier to understand?
Can the problem be represented graphically?
Can an analysis model be created?
19. These slides are designed to accompany Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 7/e
(McGraw-Hill 2009). Slides copyright 2009 by Roger Pressman. 19
Plan the Solution
Have you seen similar problems before? Are there
patterns that are recognizable in a potential solution? Is
there existing software that implements the data,
functions, and features that are required?
Has a similar problem been solved? If so, are elements
of the solution reusable?
Can subproblems be defined? If so, are solutions readily
apparent for the subproblems?
Can you represent a solution in a manner that leads to
effective implementation? Can a design model be
created?
20. These slides are designed to accompany Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 7/e
(McGraw-Hill 2009). Slides copyright 2009 by Roger Pressman. 20
Carry Out the Plan
Does the solution conform to the plan? Is
source code traceable to the design model?
Is each component part of the solution provably
correct? Has the design and code been
reviewed, or better, have correctness proofs
been applied to algorithm?
21. These slides are designed to accompany Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 7/e
(McGraw-Hill 2009). Slides copyright 2009 by Roger Pressman. 21
Examine the Result
Is it possible to test each component part of the
solution? Has a reasonable testing strategy
been implemented?
Does the solution produce results that conform
to the data, functions, and features that are
required? Has the software been validated
against all stakeholder requirements?
22. These slides are designed to accompany Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 7/e
(McGraw-Hill 2009). Slides copyright 2009 by Roger Pressman. 22
Hooker’s General Principles
1: The Reason It All Exists
2: KISS (Keep It Simple, Stupid!)
3: Maintain the Vision
4: What You Produce, Others Will Consume
5: Be Open to the Future
6: Plan Ahead for Reuse
7: Think!
23. These slides are designed to accompany Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 7/e
(McGraw-Hill 2009). Slides copyright 2009 by Roger Pressman. 23
Software Myths
Affect managers, customers (and
other non-technical stakeholders)
and practitioners
Are believable because they often
have elements of truth,
but …
Invariably lead to bad decisions,
therefore …
Insist on reality as you navigate your
way through software engineering
24. These slides are designed to accompany Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 7/e
(McGraw-Hill 2009). Slides copyright 2009 by Roger Pressman. 24
How It all Starts
SafeHome:
Every software project is precipitated by some
business need—
• the need to correct a defect in an existing application;
• the need to the need to adapt a ‘legacy system’ to a
changing business environment;
• the need to extend the functions and features of an
existing application, or
• the need to create a new product, service, or system.
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