Prsesntation on Commercial building Project

MANAV RACHNA INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF RESEARCH AND STUDIES,
FARIDABAD
September, 2018
Submitted by
MD AFROZ ALAM
1/15/FET/BCI/1/077
Submitted to
Sonal Bhugra

PRESENTATION ON
CONSTRUCTION PROCESS OF COMMERCIAL BUILDING

In this week,
I did my industrial training from Manomav engineers [P] LTD
company.
First I saw layout plan of the building. There was two V-shape column
which was important to notice and new technology is being used as a
radiant pipe in each slab which will cause cooling effect and there will
be no need of A.C in each room.
I saw the columns , beams and details of reinforcement, lap length ,
development length.
1ST WEEK

 LAP LENGTH
Lap / Overlapping length is provide for maintain the continuity of bars
in order to safely transfer the load one bar to another bar.

 OVER LAPPING OF RODS
 It is done when length of reinforcement bar is small but we need longer
reinforcement.
 Provided in mid span.

 DEVELOPMENT
LENGTH
Development length is provided to transfer the load from
steel to concrete. development length is also known as
anchorage length. Development length is embedded extra
length.
It depend on grade of concrete
M25- Ld. =49d
M30- Ld. =46d
M35- Ld. =43d

 PLACEMENT OF TIES
 Normal spacing = S in mid span
 Spacing near support joint = S/2

 In this week I learn about column and how to make lap joint in column and beam
a/c to general notes Lap joint in column
 The lap joint should be in the lap zone of the column which is l/6 distance from
the bottom and this also known as zone A and remaining distance known as zone
B
 Lapping provided in zone B only
 It depend on grade of concrete
2nd
WEEK
M25- Ld. =49d
M30- Ld. =46d
M35- Ld. =43d , where Ld. is development length
d is diameter of bar.

• Not provide lap at same level.
• Buckling will be occurs at same level.
• lapping should be avoided in tensile zone of member under
construction.

 Material used in columns
 Cement
 Coarse aggregate
 Fine aggregate
 Steel bar
 Water
 Shuttering

COLUMN CONSTRUCTION PROCESS
 CONSTRUCTING RCC (REINFORCED CEMENT CONCRETE) COLUMN INVOLVES
FOLLOWING FOUR STAGES OF WORKS
1. COLUMN LAYOUT WORK
2. COLUMN REINFORCEMENT WORK
3. COLUMN FORMWORK
4. POURING CONCRETE INTO COLUMN

1. COLUMN LAYOUT WORK
In this stage of works the location of columns are determined practically in field.
it is done by laying rope according to grids shown in the drawing and then mark
the location of columns related to rope.
2.
COLUMN REINFORCEMENT WORK.
After marking the column locations, we then start to place reinforcement as instructed
in the structural drawing. this is normally described in the drawing like - (c1-12#16
mm⌀ and stirrup-10 mm⌀ @ 4" c/c)

3. Column formwork is a term used for structures that are used to support forms
or molds for poured concrete columns. It can be as simple as a reinforced
cardboard tube for small cylindrical columns or very complex forms constructed
from many pieces of wood and metal.

4. POURING CONCRETE INTO COLUMN
For small quantity of concrete volume we normally depend on machine-mix concrete and
for large concrete quantity we order ready-mix concrete. because, if you use moving pump
with ready-mix concrete and if you want not to exceed 5 feet height range for dropping
concrete that would be difficult.

CURING
Concrete which is moist cured for 7 days is about 50% stronger than uncured concrete.

3rd Week
In this week i learn about the beam reinforcement details, lap joint
and development length in beam and also learn how to calculate
cutting length of stirrups.

Top reinforcement in beam is lapped at mid span since the beam does not undergo any
negative moment at mid-span and so lapping is ideal in that area.
Don’t provide lapping in bottom bar at mid-span.
Bottom reinforcement in beam is lapped adjacent to the ends and the similar concept is
used further because there does not exist any positive moment at the ends of the beam.
The perfect zone for lapping is where the moments remain zero for continuous beams or
in the bending moment diagram, where the values surpass the x-axis or remain at l/4 for
simply supported beams.
You can provide lapping to l/4 in bottom bar.
Lap Joint In Beam

 CUTTING LENGTH OF
STIRRUP
45◦
Bend-1d
90◦
Bend-2d
135◦
Bend-3d
 Hook length = 10d
45◦
45◦
H
l
H= l+0.414H-2(1d)
135◦
90◦b
a
θ
b
L= a+b-(2d) L= a+b-(3d)

4th Week
IN THIS WEEK I LEARN ABOUT THE SHEARWALL ,DETAILING OF REINFORCEMENT OF
THE SHEAR WALL AS GIVEN BELOW IN FIG.
SHEAR WALL IS A STRUCTURAL MEMBER IN A REINFORCED CONCRETE FRAMED
STRUCTURE TO RESIST LATERAL FORCES, SEISMIC LOADS, VERTICAL FORCES
(GRAVITY) SUCH AS WIND FORCES. SHEAR WALLS ARE GENERALLY USED IN HIGH-
RISE BUILDINGS SUBJECT TO LATERAL WIND AND SEISMIC FORCES.
SHEAR WALLS ARE ESPECIALLY IMPORTANT IN HIGH-RISE BUILDINGS.
REDUCES LATERAL SWAY OF THE BUILDING.
RIGID VERTICAL DIAPHRAGM TRANSFERS THE LOADS INTO FOUNDATIONS.
SHEAR WALLS BEHAVIOR DEPENDS UPON: MATERIAL USED, WALL THICKNESS,
WALL LENGTH, WALL POSITIONING IN BUILDING FRAME ALSO.

ADVANTAGES
 Thinner walls.
 Light weight.
 Fast construction time.
 Fast performance
 Enough well distributed reinforcements.
 Cost effectiveness
 Minimized damages to structural and Non-structural elements.
Size of the shear wall = 300 x 3100 mm
Total number of shear wall at site = 2

 COLUMN TIE
The term tie is used to define the transverse reinforcement provided in column where the primary mode of load
transfer is compression.

 STIRRUPS
The term stirrups is used to define the transverse reinforcement provided in
beam where the primary mode of load transfer is through bending and shear.

5TH WEEK
IN THIS WEEK I LEARN ABOUT SLAB
SLAB IS TRANSFER THE LOAD TO BEAM , IT IS SUPPORTED BY BEAM AND COLUMN
DETAILING OF REINFORCEMENT OF THE SLAB AS GIVEN BELOW.
AT THIS SITE ONLY ONE “ONE WAY” SLAB IS USED IN EACH FLOOR AND OTHER ARE
TWO WAY SLAB.
ONE-WAY SLAB
 One way slab is supported on two
opposite side only thus structural action is
only at one direction. Total load is carried
in the direction perpendicular to the
supporting beam.
 If a slab is supported on all the four sides
but the ratio of longer span (L) to shorten
span (B) is greater than 2, then the slab
will be considered as one way

TWO-WAY SLAB
 Two way slabs are the slabs that are supported on four sides
and the ratio of longer span (L) to shorter span (B) is less than
2.
 In two way slabs, load will be carried in both the directions.
So, main reinforcement is provided in both direction for two
way slabs.

 SLAB LAYING PROCESS
According to work arrangement laying of RCC slab can be done in 4 stages such as formwork or
centering and shuttering, bending and binding MS steel bars and laying of concrete
i. Formwork
ii. Bending and Binding Steel bars
iii. Spacing of steel bars
iv. Laying of Cement Concrete
I. Form work
To retain concrete, formwork or centering and shuttering
is required, which provides the support to the wet of
concrete until it has gained sufficient strength to be self-
supporting.

II. BENDING AND BINDING STEEL BARS
At the time of designing the slab, it is consider that concrete is
strong in compressive strength but weak in tensile strength, so
make the structure safe against the tensile stress, steel bars are
provided
III. SPACING OF STEEL BARS
Steel bars diameter and its spacing in the RCC slab is calculated
by designing the slab according to load and span of the slab. In
general 12mm, 10mm and 8mm diameter steel bars are used in
RCC slab according to the length of span of the slab and
similarly spacing is from 4.5’’ to 6’’ in the main bars and 6’’ to
8’’ in distribution bars.

IV. LAYING OF CEMENT CONCRETE
Make walking way on steel bars by placing wooden plates to
avoid disturbance in steel bars. Now start to lay the cement
concrete mix as per design but not below the 1; 2; 4 ratio. The
mix mechanically mixed and vibrated after laying on the slab
should be mechanically mixed and vibrated after laying on the
slab.
CURING
After laying the RCC slab it should be cure for 28 days for
getting full strength.

6 TH WEEK
In this week laying of reinforcement and cover blocks are completed of 4th floor
Floor area is divided into two part (I) and (II) , both part are competed in this
week
Number of slab = 30 , Clear cover of slab = 20 mm , Grade of concrete = M25
More details as given belowSLAB
MARK
THK BOTTOM REINF.
ALONG SHORT SPAN
(A)
BOTTOM REINF.
ALONG LONG SPAN
(B)
TOP REINF. AT
SUPPORTS ALONG
SHORT SPAN (C)
TOP REINF. AT
SUPPORTS
ALONG LONG
SPAN (D)
S1 140 T10@100 c/c T8@225 c/c T10@125 c/c T8@225 c/c
S2 155 T10@125 c/c T8@225 c/c T10@125 c/c T8@225 c/c
S3 140 T8@100 c/c T8@150 c/c T8@100 c/c T8@150 c/c
S4 140 T8@150 c/c T8@225 c/c T8@150 c/c T8@225 c/c
S5 140 T8@200 c/c T8@200 c/c T8@150 c/c T8@175 c/c
S6 140 T10@125 c/c T8@125 c/c T10@175 c/c T8@100 c/c

7 TH WEEK
In this week I learn about the Radiant pipe,
How to Radiant pipe is laying in each slab, Radiant pipe which
will cause cooling effect and there will be no need of A.C in each
room.
 Radiant pipe is used in form of loop in each slab.
 At the time of concreting pressure of water maintained in radiant pipe 60
psi temperature
 Child water maintained temperature between 15℃- 16℃ at the service time.
 Spacing of radiant pipe is 450 mm
 Cover from bottom is 75 mm
 Cover from top 60 mm + dia. of pipe (20mm)
 Thickness of pipe is 20 mm

In this week concreting is done in part (i)and part (ii) area And
laying of block work of boundary wall.
8th WEEK

LAYING OF BLOCK
AAC BLOCK- Autoclaved aerated concrete
also known as autoclaved lightweight concrete (ALC), autoclaved cellular
concrete (ACC)
 General size of the block is (200 x 600) x 240/245/235 mm3.
(Thick x length) x height
 Compressive strength is 3-4 N/mm2

 BLOCK JOINTING MORTAR
It is the finest eco-friendly block jointing mortar with “super bond technology” especially formulated joining
birla Aerocon AAC blocks. Unlike traditional joining mortar , it give stronger, smoother and cost effective and
water- resistant finish.
 KEY FEATURES
 High strength with thinner joints (3mm thin)
 Faster construction as no curing is required
 Reduces Wastage
 Economical.
 No water percolation Technologically superior and consistent in quality

ADVANTAGE
 Larger size blocks leads to faster masonry work.
 It lighter than 3 times of clay bricks weight.
 Reduces the cost of the project
 Light weight Saves cost & energy in transportation,
 Light weight saves labor expenses.
DISADVANTAGE
 The production cost per unit for ACC is higher than other
ordinary concrete
 It is not as strong as conventional concrete
 Very few contractors who are familiar with autoclaved
aerated concrete.
 Number of manufacturer is limited.

9th WEEK
In this week I learn about shuttering , deshuttering and Rebar of
reinforcement.
 SHUTTERING: - Formwork which support the vertical surface is known as shuttering.
 STAGING: - Material such as wooden bullies, pipes, props support the shuttering and
centering called staging.

Walls, columns and vertical sides of beams = 1 to 3 days
Slab (props left under) = 3 days
Beam soffits (props left under) = 7 days
Removal of props to slab
a. For slabs spanning up to 4.5 m
b. For slabs spanning over 4.5 m
= 7 days
= 14 days
Removal of props to beams and arches
a. Spanning up to 6 m
b. Spanning over 6 m
= 14 days
= 21 days
PERIOD FOR REMOVAL OF FORMWORK

Chemical use in rebar
Hilti Rebarring chemical (Fischer)
REBAR
A rebar spacer is a device that secures the reinforcing steel or "rebar" in reinforced concrete
structures as the rebar is assembled in place prior to the final concrete pour. The spacers are left
in place for the pour to keep the reinforcing in place, and become a permanent part of the
structure.

Prsesntation on Commercial building Project

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