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Civil Engineering (Beams,Columns)

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The superstructure of a building consists of elements above the foundation like beams, columns, lintels, roofing and flooring. Beams are horizontal members that carry loads and transfer them to columns or walls. Reinforced concrete beams are designed to resist both bending moments and shear forces from loads. There are different types of beams like simply supported, fixed, cantilever, continuous and overhanging beams which are designed based on how they are supported. Columns are vertical load bearing members that transfer loads from beams and slabs to the foundation. Common column types include long, short and intermediate columns. Lintels are short horizontal members that span small openings like doors and windows and transfer loads to masonry, steel or reinforced concrete

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CIVIL ENGINEERING
SUPERSTRUCTURE Superstructure of a building is the portion of the Structure above the foundation. It provides the necessary utility of the building with comfort, Structural safety, ventilation, etc.
Types. ,[object Object],BEAMS,COLUMNS AND LINTELS ,[object Object]
Flooring
Plastering,[object Object]
R.C.C. BEAMS R.C.C. Beam is subjected to bending moments and shear. Due to the vertical external load , bending compresses the top fibers of the beam and elongates the bottom fibers. The strength of R.C.C. beam depends on the compsite action of concrete and steels
Load Acting on a Structure ,[object Object],Dead load is the self-weight of thevarious components of a building. ,[object Object],Live load is the external superimposed load on a structure. Live loads may be Uniformly distributed load Uniformly varying load Concentrated load
Types of BEAMS SIMPLY SUPPORTED BEAM FIXED BEAM CANTILEVER BEAM CONTINUOUS BEAM OVERHANGING BEAM
Simply supported beam It is a beam supported freely at the two ends on walls or columns. In actual practice, no beam rests freely on the supports (walls or columns).
Fixed beam In this beam, both ends of the beam are rigidly fixed into the supports.Also, Main reinforcement bars and stirrups are provided.
Cantilever beam It is fixed in a wall or column at one end and the other end is free, it is called cantilever beam. It has tension zone in the top side and compression zone in the bottom side
Continuous beam It is supported on more than two supports . This beam is more economical for any span lengths.
Overhanging beam In overhanging beam, Its end extends beyond the wall or column support. Overhanging of the beam is the unsupported portion of the beam. It may be one side or both the sides of the support.
R.C.C. Beams ,[object Object]
Doubly Reinforced Beam,[object Object]
Uniformly Distributed Loads
Uniformly Varying Loads
Arbitrary Loading,[object Object]
COLUMNS Column is a vertical structural member. It transmits the load from ceiling/roof slab and beam, including its self-weight to the foundation. Columns may be subjected to a pure compressive load. R.C.C. columns are the most widely used now-a-days.
Types of Columns ,[object Object]
Short Column
Intermediate Column,[object Object]
Précautions of Columns construction ,[object Object]
Vertical Height of concrete
Columns for more then one storey
Load on the column of the top storey,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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Civil Engineering (Beams,Columns)

  • 2. SUPERSTRUCTURE Superstructure of a building is the portion of the Structure above the foundation. It provides the necessary utility of the building with comfort, Structural safety, ventilation, etc.
  • 3.
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  • 6. R.C.C. BEAMS R.C.C. Beam is subjected to bending moments and shear. Due to the vertical external load , bending compresses the top fibers of the beam and elongates the bottom fibers. The strength of R.C.C. beam depends on the compsite action of concrete and steels
  • 7.
  • 8. Types of BEAMS SIMPLY SUPPORTED BEAM FIXED BEAM CANTILEVER BEAM CONTINUOUS BEAM OVERHANGING BEAM
  • 9. Simply supported beam It is a beam supported freely at the two ends on walls or columns. In actual practice, no beam rests freely on the supports (walls or columns).
  • 10. Fixed beam In this beam, both ends of the beam are rigidly fixed into the supports.Also, Main reinforcement bars and stirrups are provided.
  • 11. Cantilever beam It is fixed in a wall or column at one end and the other end is free, it is called cantilever beam. It has tension zone in the top side and compression zone in the bottom side
  • 12. Continuous beam It is supported on more than two supports . This beam is more economical for any span lengths.
  • 13. Overhanging beam In overhanging beam, Its end extends beyond the wall or column support. Overhanging of the beam is the unsupported portion of the beam. It may be one side or both the sides of the support.
  • 14.
  • 15.
  • 18.
  • 19. COLUMNS Column is a vertical structural member. It transmits the load from ceiling/roof slab and beam, including its self-weight to the foundation. Columns may be subjected to a pure compressive load. R.C.C. columns are the most widely used now-a-days.
  • 20.
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  • 23.
  • 24. Vertical Height of concrete
  • 25. Columns for more then one storey
  • 26.
  • 27.
  • 31.
  • 33. PRESENTED BY SALMAN KHAN ARUN Thank you
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