Electronic waste management

SUBJECT:- ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES
TOPIC:- ELECTRONIC- WASTE MANAGEMENT
PRESENTED BY
SANDEEP MANDAL( 58 )
SANKET KALE( 59 )
SAURABH( 60 )
St. Vincent Pallotti College Of Engineering and
Technology, Nagpur
Department of Mechanical
Engineering
Section – A

2
THINGS TO CONSIDER
 What is E-Waste?
 Categories and Components of E-Waste
 Dangers of E-Waste
 What can be done with E-Waste?
 E-Waste management initiatives (International)
 Recycling Scenario Of E-waste In India
 CONCERN : Informal Recycling
 Benefits Of Recycling Of E Waste

3
WHAT IS E-WASTE?
 What is E-waste?
Electronic Waste (e-Waste) comprises of waste electronic/electrical goods
which are not fit for their originally intended use. These include items
such as computers, cellular phones, stereos, refrigerators, air
conditioners, other consumer durables, etc.
 Is e-Waste Hazardous?
E-waste is not hazardous waste . However, the hazardous constituents
present in the e-waste render it hazardous when such wastes are
dismantled and processed, since it is only at this stage that they pose
hazard to health and environment.

5
ABOUT E-WASTE SINARIO
 Electronic Waste (E-Waste, Waste EEE) one of the fastest
growing waste streams all over the world
 Contains more than 1000 different substances
 Averages 1-3% of total solid waste in developed countries
 Increases by 16-28% every 5 years
 Need for effective management
 Up to 75% of electronics shipped to computer village in Lagos
are irreparable junk

6
CATEGORIES OF E-WASTE
 Household appliances (large and small)
 IT and Telecoms equipment
 Consumer equipment
 Lighting equipment
 Electrical and electronic tools
 Toys and sports equipment
 Medical devices
 Monitoring and control instruments
 Automatic dispensers

7
Toxic constituents in e-waste
COMPONENTS CONSTITUENTS
 Printed circuit boards Lead & cadmium
 Cathode ray tubes (CRTs) Lead oxide & Cadmium
 Switches & flat screen monitors Mercury
 Computer batteries Cadmium
 Capacitors and transformers Poly Chlorinated Bi-phenyls
(PCB)
 Printed circuit boards, plastic Brominated Flame Retardant
casings cable

8
COMPONENTS OF E-WASTE
 Fe and steel
 Non-ferrous metals (Pb, Cu, Al, Au, …)
 Glass
 Plastic
 Electronic components (R, C, L, ICs…)
 Others (rubber, wood, ceramics, …)

9
E-Waste generation in India:
2007
LEVEL 1
Potential Annual e-Waste:
3,82,979 MT
• of this Imports: 50K MT
Level 2
Total e-Waste available for
recycling and refurbishing:
1,44,143 MT

10
DANGERS OF E-WASTE
Component Hazardous Materials
CRT Pb, As, Hg, P
LCD Hg
Fluorescent
lamp
Hg, P, flame retardants (FR)
Cooling
system
Ozone depleting substance (ODS)
Others Se, AsO3, Cd, Cr, Co, Mn,

11
EFFECTS OF E-WASTE TOXINS
Toxin Effects on Humans
Hg Impairment of neurological development in
foetus and small children; tremours, emotional
changes, insomnia, headache, kidney effects
respiratory failures, death
Pb Damage to brain and nervous system, slow
growth in children, hearing problems,
behavioural changes, physical disorders

12
Toxin Effects on Humans
Cr Asthmatic bronchitis, skin irritation,
ulceration, respiratory irritation, perforated
eardrums, kidney damage, pulmonary
congestion , epigastric pain, erosion and
discolouration of the teeth
BFR May increase cancer risk to digestive and
lymph systems, endocrine disorder

13
Effects on soil:
 Toxic leachates: Hg, Cd, Pb, P
 Uncontrolled fire risk →toxic fumes
 Biologically non-degradable: Cd, HG, BFR
There are also hazardous effects on livestock,
ecology, etc.

14
WHY IS E-WASTE A PROBLEM?
E-Waste poses a serious threat to human
health and the environment.
Rapid
technological
changes
Increased
electronics
purchase
More
E-Waste
More
Hazardous
materials
in landfills
Increasing
human
health risks

15
STAKEHOLDERS IN E-WASTE
MANAGEMENT
Almost everyone is a stakeholder
E-
Waste
Suppliers
Collectors
Manufacturers
End-users
Recyclers
Resellers
Aggregators

16
E-WASTE MANAGEMENT
(INTERNATIONAL INITIATIVES)
 Basel Convention
 G8 3Rs Initiative
 StEP
 GTZ
 UNEP/DTIE (IETC)
 GeSI
 SECO

Recycling scenario in India
17
E-waste recycling is presently concentrated in the informal
(unorganized) sector
No organized collection system prevails
Operations are mostly illegal
Processes are highly polluting
Recycling operations engage in:
dismantling
sale of dismantled parts
valuable resource recovery
export of processed waste for precious metal recovery

19
Concerns: Informal Recycling
 High-risk backyard operation
 Non- efficient and Non-
environmentally sound technologies
 Occupational and environmental
hazards
 Loss of resources due to inefficient
processes
 Impacts vulnerable social groups-
Women, children and mmigrant
labourers

20
BETTER OPTIONS FOR YOUR
E-WASTE
 Increase in sales price to take care of Total
Life Cycle Cost
 Donation to schools, orphanage, charitable
non-profit organisations
 Auctioning
 Sale to recyclers

21
BENEFITS OF RECYCLING
 Metal recovery for future uses
 Conservation of natural resources
 Air and water pollution avoidance
 Reduction in amount of greenhouse gas
emissions via manufacturing of new products

Electronic waste management

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