Design engineering

Design Modeling (Design Engineering)

Requirements Analysis v. System Design Dilemma . • Requirements analysis should make minimal assumptions about the system design. • But the requirements definition must be consistent with computing technology and the resources available. In practice, analysis and design are interwoven. However, do not to allow the analysis tools to prejudge the system design.

Analysis Model -> Design Model

A Note on Design Model ,[object Object],[object Object]

Design Model Elements ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Data / Class Design ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Architectural Design ,[object Object],[object Object]

Interface Design ,[object Object],[object Object]

Component Design ,[object Object],[object Object]

Design and Quality ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Quality Guidelines ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Quality Guidelines (Contd..) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Design Principles ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Fundamental Design Concepts ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Data Abstraction door implemented as a data structure manufacturer model number type swing direction inserts lights type number weight opening mechanism

Procedural Abstraction open implemented with a "knowledge" of the object that is associated with enter details of enter algorithm

Architecture “ The overall structure of the software and the ways in which that structure provides conceptual integrity for a system.” [SHA95a] Structural properties. This aspect of the architectural design representation defines the components of a system (e.g., modules, objects, filters) and the manner in which those components are packaged and interact with one another. For example, objects are packaged to encapsulate both data and the processing that manipulates the data and interact via the invocation of methods Extra-functional properties. The architectural design description should address how the design architecture achieves requirements for performance, capacity, reliability, security, adaptability, and other system characteristics. Families of related systems. The architectural design should draw upon repeatable patterns that are commonly encountered in the design of families of similar systems. In essence, the design should have the ability to reuse architectural building blocks.

Representation of Architectur e (al Design) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Modularity & Cost : Trade-offs What is the "right" number of modules for a specific software design? optimal number of modules cost of software number of modules module integration cost module development cost

Information Hiding module controlled interface "secret" • algorithm • data structure • details of external interface • resource allocation policy clients a specific design decision

Why Information Hiding? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Functional Independence ,[object Object]

Stepwise Refinement open walk to door; reach for knob; open door; walk through; close door. repeat until door opens turn knob clockwise; if knob doesn't turn, then take key out ; find correct key; insert in lock; endif pull/push door move out of way ; end repeat

Refactoring ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Object-oriented development ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Characteristics of OOD ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

OO Design Concepts ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Design Classes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Inheritance ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Generalisation and inheritance ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Advantages of inheritance ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Problems with inheritance ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

UML associations ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Polymorphism case of graphtype: if graphtype = linegraph then DrawLineGraph (data); if graphtype = piechart then DrawPieChart (data); if graphtype = histogram then DrawHisto (data); if graphtype = kiviat then DrawKiviat (data); end case; All of the graphs become subclasses of a general class called graph. Using a concept called overloading [TAY90], each subclass defines an operation called draw . An object can send a draw message to any one of the objects instantiated from any one of the subclasses. The object receiving the message will invoke its own draw operation to create the appropriate graph. graphtype draw Conventional approach …

SSAD and OOAD based Software Design (Design Model)

Design Model Elements ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Component Level Design Elements

Component Diagram HelloWorld.class hello.java hello.hml hello.jpg executable component

Deployment Level Design Elements

Pattern based Software Design ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Common Design Patterns used in Industry ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Framework based Software Design (reusable mini-architecture) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Common Frameworks used in Industry ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Coding the design specifications (TSAD - Identifying Design Architecture ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Coding the design specifications (OOAD - Identifying Design Architecture) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Tool combinations Available ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Note ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

What is Systems Design ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Database Design ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Database Tools Available ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Designing Forms and Reports ,[object Object]

Designing Interfaces and Dialogues ,[object Object]

Project Dictionary ,[object Object],[object Object]

Tools Available ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

SKILLS THAT OVERLAP SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND DESIGN ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Text Book(s) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Reference Book(s) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Design engineering

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Design engineering