About Brick - definition, manufacturing process, classification, types and Brick Masonry - terminology, types of bonds. ( Stretcher, Header, English and Flemish)
This document discusses different types of bricks used in construction including unfired, fired, and chemically set bricks. It provides details on brick properties like size, color, shape, surface finish, strength, and water absorption. Standards for compressive strength of different classes of bricks in India are mentioned. Examples of brick uses include wall, floor, and arch construction as well as retaining walls. Images and sources are provided on brick history, properties, and applications.
This document discusses doors and windows used in buildings. It covers the locations of doors and windows and how they should be placed to allow for ventilation and passage. It also defines various technical terms used for door and window components. Finally, it describes different types of doors and windows, including their sizes and constructions. The types of doors covered include paneled, glazed, flush, louvered, revolving, and collapsible doors. Window types include fixed, pivoted, double hung, sliding, casement, louvered, bay, dormer, gable and skylight windows.
This document provides an overview of 30 different types of brick bonding used in masonry construction. It defines what a brick is and explains each type of bonding in 1-3 sentences, noting their typical uses and strength/load bearing capabilities. The types discussed include stretcher bond, running bond, English bond, garden wall bond, Flemish bond, herringbone bond, Dutch bond, and zig-zag bond among others.
The document discusses different types of mortar used in construction. It defines mortar as a mixture of a binding material, fine aggregate, and water. Common binding materials include cement and lime. Mortars are classified by their binding material, such as cement mortar, lime mortar, and mud mortar. Specialty mortars include fire resistant mortar, lightweight mortar, and chemical resistant mortar which are formulated for specific applications. The document outlines the proper mixing and application of different mortars.
This document discusses the process of manufacturing bricks. It begins by describing the composition of bricks, noting that good bricks should contain 20-30% alumina, 50-60% silica, and small amounts of lime, iron oxide, and magnesia. The document then outlines the key steps in brick manufacturing: preparation of clay, moulding, drying, and burning. For moulding, it describes hand and machine methods, and for burning it explains the three stages of dehydration, oxidation, and vitrification. The document provides details on each stage of the manufacturing process.
lintels are the horizontal members...this ppt discuss about the lintels ...functions...types etc
structural steel lintels
precast concrete lintels
precast concrete lintels prices
steel lintel lowes
steel lintel beam details
masonry lintel span tables
steel lintel sizes for masonry openings
steel lintels masonry
masonry lintel span tables
steel lintel size chart
lintel of a house
lintel construction
block wall lintels
what is a window lintel
what is a lintel
steel lintel for concrete block
COVERS ABOUT
BRICKS,COMPARISION B/W BRICKS AND STONES,SIZE,WEIGHT AND COLOUR OF BRICKS,COMPOSITION OF BRICKS,HARMFUL INGREDIENTS FOR BRICKS,MANUFACTURING OF BRICKS:PREPARATION OF CLAY,MOULDING,DRYING,BURNING OF BRICKS,CLASSIFICATION OF BRICKS:UNBURNT AND BURNT
BURNT BRICK CLASSIFICATION:FIRST CLASS, SECOND CLASS, THIRD CLASS ,FOURTH CLASS BRICKS
TEST ON BRICKS.
This document discusses different types of bricks used in construction including unfired, fired, and chemically set bricks. It provides details on brick properties like size, color, shape, surface finish, strength, and water absorption. Standards for compressive strength of different classes of bricks in India are mentioned. Examples of brick uses include wall, floor, and arch construction as well as retaining walls. Images and sources are provided on brick history, properties, and applications.
This document discusses doors and windows used in buildings. It covers the locations of doors and windows and how they should be placed to allow for ventilation and passage. It also defines various technical terms used for door and window components. Finally, it describes different types of doors and windows, including their sizes and constructions. The types of doors covered include paneled, glazed, flush, louvered, revolving, and collapsible doors. Window types include fixed, pivoted, double hung, sliding, casement, louvered, bay, dormer, gable and skylight windows.
This document provides an overview of 30 different types of brick bonding used in masonry construction. It defines what a brick is and explains each type of bonding in 1-3 sentences, noting their typical uses and strength/load bearing capabilities. The types discussed include stretcher bond, running bond, English bond, garden wall bond, Flemish bond, herringbone bond, Dutch bond, and zig-zag bond among others.
The document discusses different types of mortar used in construction. It defines mortar as a mixture of a binding material, fine aggregate, and water. Common binding materials include cement and lime. Mortars are classified by their binding material, such as cement mortar, lime mortar, and mud mortar. Specialty mortars include fire resistant mortar, lightweight mortar, and chemical resistant mortar which are formulated for specific applications. The document outlines the proper mixing and application of different mortars.
This document discusses the process of manufacturing bricks. It begins by describing the composition of bricks, noting that good bricks should contain 20-30% alumina, 50-60% silica, and small amounts of lime, iron oxide, and magnesia. The document then outlines the key steps in brick manufacturing: preparation of clay, moulding, drying, and burning. For moulding, it describes hand and machine methods, and for burning it explains the three stages of dehydration, oxidation, and vitrification. The document provides details on each stage of the manufacturing process.
lintels are the horizontal members...this ppt discuss about the lintels ...functions...types etc
structural steel lintels
precast concrete lintels
precast concrete lintels prices
steel lintel lowes
steel lintel beam details
masonry lintel span tables
steel lintel sizes for masonry openings
steel lintels masonry
masonry lintel span tables
steel lintel size chart
lintel of a house
lintel construction
block wall lintels
what is a window lintel
what is a lintel
steel lintel for concrete block
COVERS ABOUT
BRICKS,COMPARISION B/W BRICKS AND STONES,SIZE,WEIGHT AND COLOUR OF BRICKS,COMPOSITION OF BRICKS,HARMFUL INGREDIENTS FOR BRICKS,MANUFACTURING OF BRICKS:PREPARATION OF CLAY,MOULDING,DRYING,BURNING OF BRICKS,CLASSIFICATION OF BRICKS:UNBURNT AND BURNT
BURNT BRICK CLASSIFICATION:FIRST CLASS, SECOND CLASS, THIRD CLASS ,FOURTH CLASS BRICKS
TEST ON BRICKS.
This document defines bricks and their constituents and manufacturing process. It provides the following key details:
- Bricks are clay constructions of uniform size and shape, traditionally 23cm x 11.4cm x 7.6cm or modular 19cm x 9cm x 9cm.
- Good bricks contain 50-60% silica, 20-30% alumina, up to 5% lime, and 5-6% iron oxide.
- Bricks are manufactured through processes of preparation, molding, drying for 7-14 days, and burning at 750-1000°C using clamp or kiln methods.
- Various bonds including English, Flemish, stretcher and header are used in brickwork construction
This document provides information on the manufacturing process of tiles. It discusses the four main stages: preparation of clay, moulding, drying, and burning.
For the preparation of clay, suitable clay is extracted, crushed, and mixed into a homogeneous mixture using a pug mill. There are three main moulding methods: wooden pattern, potter's wheel, and machine moulding. Tiles are then dried under a shed to protect from weather.
Burning is the final and most important stage. Tiles are stacked in kilns and fired at increasing temperatures over 72 hours to vitrify the tiles. Proper temperature control is crucial. The document also discusses various tile types like floor, roof
This document discusses different types of bricks and brick bonding techniques. It describes common burnt clay bricks, sand lime bricks, fly ash bricks, AAC bricks, hollow bricks, and bio bricks. Each brick type has different properties like strength, weight, insulation, and environmental impact. The document also examines various brick bonds like stretcher bond, header bond, Flemish bond, English bond, and their structural applications in walls. Different bonding patterns help distribute loads and provide stability in masonry construction.
The document discusses different types of doors. It describes 18 types of doors including battened and ledged doors, which are the simplest type using vertical battens and horizontal ledges. Braced and ledged doors add diagonal braces for increased strength. Framed and ledged doors improve on this with vertical styles. Panel doors consist of a frame with vertical styles and horizontal rails containing wood or other panels. Other door types discussed include glazed doors, louvered doors, revolving doors, sliding doors, and flush doors.
This document summarizes different types of bricks used in construction including clay, fly ash, and glass bricks. It discusses brick sizes, costs, classifications of burnt clay bricks from first to fourth class, and various bonding patterns used when laying bricks, including header, English, and Flemish bonds. It also lists common building elements constructed using bricks such as arches, foundations, columns, and facades.
This document discusses different types of roofs and roof elements. It provides details on:
- Qualities a roof should have like weather resistance, durability, insulation, and requiring minimal maintenance.
- Roof elements like pitch, coverings, verges, ridges, eaves, dormers, and valleys.
- Different types of pitched roofs using timber or steel trusses, as well as roofs with dormers or flat roofs.
This document presents information on doors and windows. It discusses 10 common types of doors, including ledged, braced, panelled, glazed, flush, revolving, sliding, collapsible steel, and rolling steel shutter doors. It also discusses 10 types of windows, such as casement, steel, bay, clear story, corner, dormer, skylight, sliding, glazed, and pivoted windows. The document provides brief descriptions and illustrations of each door and window type. It covers the materials, uses, and basic constructions of different doors and windows.
types of arches in architecture
how did romans build arches
brick arches construction details
arches in building construction
brick arches construction
arch shape
architecture arches
types of arch
type of arch crossword
types of arch bridges
kind of arch crossword
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kind of arch
This document describes the properties of bricks, including their physical, mechanical, and thermal characteristics. It discusses the shape, size, color, density, compressive strength, insulation properties, durability, and frost resistance of standard bricks. It also outlines various tests conducted on bricks, such as those measuring compressive strength and water absorption. Additionally, it defines the qualities of good bricks and provides a classification system for bricks based on their characteristics and intended uses. Special types of bricks are also outlined, including those with modified shapes, perforations, and alternative compositions like sand lime bricks and refractory fire bricks.
An introduction to Arches:-- It explains the basic understanding about Arches before students start drafting in their drawing sheets. This presentation could be shown to first year B.Architecture students to make them a clear idea about Arches.
This document provides information about building stones. It begins by defining stone and rock. It then discusses different ways stones can be classified, including by geology, physical properties, chemistry, and hardness. Specific rock types that make good building stones are mentioned, such as granite, limestone, marble, and slate. The document outlines various tests used to evaluate stones, including acid resistance, water absorption, impact resistance, and crushing strength. Finally, it briefly discusses the processes of quarrying, dressing, and seasoning stones for construction.
This document discusses the process of manufacturing clay bricks. It begins by describing the ideal properties and composition of brick-making clay, including the optimal percentages of key constituents like alumina, silica, lime, and iron oxide. It then outlines the four main steps in brick production: preparing the clay through weathering, blending, and tempering; moulding bricks by hand or machine; air drying the moulded bricks; and firing the dried bricks in clamps or kilns. The ideal plasticity and strength of the clay for shaping is emphasized.
1. Scaffolding is a temporary structure erected close to construction works to provide a safe working platform for workers. It consists of standards, ledgers, putlogs, braces and other components.
2. There are different types of scaffolding based on their design and use, including single, double, cantilever, suspended, trestle, steel and patented scaffolding.
3. Shoring is the construction of a temporary structure to support an unsafe structure. Types include raking, flying and dead shoring. Underpinning involves placing a new foundation below an existing one or strengthening the existing foundation, using methods such as the pit method or pile method.
This document discusses causes, effects, and methods of preventing dampness in buildings. It outlines several precautions that should be taken such as proper site drainage and wall thickness. Common causes of dampness include rising moisture, rain penetration, and poor drainage. Effects include breeding mosquitoes and damage to building materials. Methods of damp proofing discussed are damp proof courses, waterproof surface treatments, integral treatments during construction, cavity walls, and cement grouting of cracks. Specific materials used for damp proof courses like bitumen and mastic asphalt are also outlined.
Stone masonry uses stones bonded together with mortar to construct various building components such as walls, columns, foundations, arches and lintels. Stones are selected based on availability, ease of working, appearance, strength, polishing characteristics and economy. There are two main types of stone masonry - rubble masonry which uses roughly dressed stones with wider joints, and ashlar masonry which uses accurately dressed stones with fine, uniform joints. Rubble masonry includes uncoursed, coursed, random, dry and polygonal styles based on stone arrangement. Ashlar masonry has fine, rough, rock-faced, block and chamfered styles based on stone dressing. Stone
Masonry is the building of structures from individual units laid in and bound together by mortar; the term masonry can also refer to the units themselves.
This document provides information on brick masonry, including the components, properties, types, and bonds used. It defines key terms like stretcher, header, lap, perpend, bed, and various types of closers. It describes the classification of bricks based on field practice, strength, use, finish, manufacture, burning, and type. The types of bonds covered include stretcher bond, header bond, English bond, Flemish bond, and their essential features. Mortars are classified as cement, lime, lime-surkhi, mud, and lime-cement. The document is a comprehensive reference on brick masonry.
Brick is a basic building material used in rectangular blocks, with standard sizes including 9x4.5x3 inches, and brick masonry involves laying bricks in mortar to form a strong, homogeneous structure; common brick bonds include running bond, header bond, English bond, and Flemish bond which arrange bricks to break vertical joints; reinforced brick masonry includes rebar embedded in mortar to strengthen brick walls for high load or seismic areas.
This document discusses masonry construction using various building blocks like bricks. It describes different types of bonds used in brick masonry like stretcher bond, header bond, English bond, and Flemish bond. It also defines various technical terms used in brick masonry like frog, header course, stretcher course, queen closer, king closer, beveled closer, and mitered closer. Important points to observe while supervising brick masonry construction are highlighted.
This document defines bricks and their constituents and manufacturing process. It provides the following key details:
- Bricks are clay constructions of uniform size and shape, traditionally 23cm x 11.4cm x 7.6cm or modular 19cm x 9cm x 9cm.
- Good bricks contain 50-60% silica, 20-30% alumina, up to 5% lime, and 5-6% iron oxide.
- Bricks are manufactured through processes of preparation, molding, drying for 7-14 days, and burning at 750-1000°C using clamp or kiln methods.
- Various bonds including English, Flemish, stretcher and header are used in brickwork construction
This document provides information on the manufacturing process of tiles. It discusses the four main stages: preparation of clay, moulding, drying, and burning.
For the preparation of clay, suitable clay is extracted, crushed, and mixed into a homogeneous mixture using a pug mill. There are three main moulding methods: wooden pattern, potter's wheel, and machine moulding. Tiles are then dried under a shed to protect from weather.
Burning is the final and most important stage. Tiles are stacked in kilns and fired at increasing temperatures over 72 hours to vitrify the tiles. Proper temperature control is crucial. The document also discusses various tile types like floor, roof
This document discusses different types of bricks and brick bonding techniques. It describes common burnt clay bricks, sand lime bricks, fly ash bricks, AAC bricks, hollow bricks, and bio bricks. Each brick type has different properties like strength, weight, insulation, and environmental impact. The document also examines various brick bonds like stretcher bond, header bond, Flemish bond, English bond, and their structural applications in walls. Different bonding patterns help distribute loads and provide stability in masonry construction.
The document discusses different types of doors. It describes 18 types of doors including battened and ledged doors, which are the simplest type using vertical battens and horizontal ledges. Braced and ledged doors add diagonal braces for increased strength. Framed and ledged doors improve on this with vertical styles. Panel doors consist of a frame with vertical styles and horizontal rails containing wood or other panels. Other door types discussed include glazed doors, louvered doors, revolving doors, sliding doors, and flush doors.
This document summarizes different types of bricks used in construction including clay, fly ash, and glass bricks. It discusses brick sizes, costs, classifications of burnt clay bricks from first to fourth class, and various bonding patterns used when laying bricks, including header, English, and Flemish bonds. It also lists common building elements constructed using bricks such as arches, foundations, columns, and facades.
This document discusses different types of roofs and roof elements. It provides details on:
- Qualities a roof should have like weather resistance, durability, insulation, and requiring minimal maintenance.
- Roof elements like pitch, coverings, verges, ridges, eaves, dormers, and valleys.
- Different types of pitched roofs using timber or steel trusses, as well as roofs with dormers or flat roofs.
This document presents information on doors and windows. It discusses 10 common types of doors, including ledged, braced, panelled, glazed, flush, revolving, sliding, collapsible steel, and rolling steel shutter doors. It also discusses 10 types of windows, such as casement, steel, bay, clear story, corner, dormer, skylight, sliding, glazed, and pivoted windows. The document provides brief descriptions and illustrations of each door and window type. It covers the materials, uses, and basic constructions of different doors and windows.
types of arches in architecture
how did romans build arches
brick arches construction details
arches in building construction
brick arches construction
arch shape
architecture arches
types of arch
type of arch crossword
types of arch bridges
kind of arch crossword
types of arches in architecture
arch crossword
arch type crossword clue
different types of arches
kind of arch
This document describes the properties of bricks, including their physical, mechanical, and thermal characteristics. It discusses the shape, size, color, density, compressive strength, insulation properties, durability, and frost resistance of standard bricks. It also outlines various tests conducted on bricks, such as those measuring compressive strength and water absorption. Additionally, it defines the qualities of good bricks and provides a classification system for bricks based on their characteristics and intended uses. Special types of bricks are also outlined, including those with modified shapes, perforations, and alternative compositions like sand lime bricks and refractory fire bricks.
An introduction to Arches:-- It explains the basic understanding about Arches before students start drafting in their drawing sheets. This presentation could be shown to first year B.Architecture students to make them a clear idea about Arches.
This document provides information about building stones. It begins by defining stone and rock. It then discusses different ways stones can be classified, including by geology, physical properties, chemistry, and hardness. Specific rock types that make good building stones are mentioned, such as granite, limestone, marble, and slate. The document outlines various tests used to evaluate stones, including acid resistance, water absorption, impact resistance, and crushing strength. Finally, it briefly discusses the processes of quarrying, dressing, and seasoning stones for construction.
This document discusses the process of manufacturing clay bricks. It begins by describing the ideal properties and composition of brick-making clay, including the optimal percentages of key constituents like alumina, silica, lime, and iron oxide. It then outlines the four main steps in brick production: preparing the clay through weathering, blending, and tempering; moulding bricks by hand or machine; air drying the moulded bricks; and firing the dried bricks in clamps or kilns. The ideal plasticity and strength of the clay for shaping is emphasized.
1. Scaffolding is a temporary structure erected close to construction works to provide a safe working platform for workers. It consists of standards, ledgers, putlogs, braces and other components.
2. There are different types of scaffolding based on their design and use, including single, double, cantilever, suspended, trestle, steel and patented scaffolding.
3. Shoring is the construction of a temporary structure to support an unsafe structure. Types include raking, flying and dead shoring. Underpinning involves placing a new foundation below an existing one or strengthening the existing foundation, using methods such as the pit method or pile method.
This document discusses causes, effects, and methods of preventing dampness in buildings. It outlines several precautions that should be taken such as proper site drainage and wall thickness. Common causes of dampness include rising moisture, rain penetration, and poor drainage. Effects include breeding mosquitoes and damage to building materials. Methods of damp proofing discussed are damp proof courses, waterproof surface treatments, integral treatments during construction, cavity walls, and cement grouting of cracks. Specific materials used for damp proof courses like bitumen and mastic asphalt are also outlined.
Stone masonry uses stones bonded together with mortar to construct various building components such as walls, columns, foundations, arches and lintels. Stones are selected based on availability, ease of working, appearance, strength, polishing characteristics and economy. There are two main types of stone masonry - rubble masonry which uses roughly dressed stones with wider joints, and ashlar masonry which uses accurately dressed stones with fine, uniform joints. Rubble masonry includes uncoursed, coursed, random, dry and polygonal styles based on stone arrangement. Ashlar masonry has fine, rough, rock-faced, block and chamfered styles based on stone dressing. Stone
Masonry is the building of structures from individual units laid in and bound together by mortar; the term masonry can also refer to the units themselves.
This document provides information on brick masonry, including the components, properties, types, and bonds used. It defines key terms like stretcher, header, lap, perpend, bed, and various types of closers. It describes the classification of bricks based on field practice, strength, use, finish, manufacture, burning, and type. The types of bonds covered include stretcher bond, header bond, English bond, Flemish bond, and their essential features. Mortars are classified as cement, lime, lime-surkhi, mud, and lime-cement. The document is a comprehensive reference on brick masonry.
Brick is a basic building material used in rectangular blocks, with standard sizes including 9x4.5x3 inches, and brick masonry involves laying bricks in mortar to form a strong, homogeneous structure; common brick bonds include running bond, header bond, English bond, and Flemish bond which arrange bricks to break vertical joints; reinforced brick masonry includes rebar embedded in mortar to strengthen brick walls for high load or seismic areas.
This document discusses masonry construction using various building blocks like bricks. It describes different types of bonds used in brick masonry like stretcher bond, header bond, English bond, and Flemish bond. It also defines various technical terms used in brick masonry like frog, header course, stretcher course, queen closer, king closer, beveled closer, and mitered closer. Important points to observe while supervising brick masonry construction are highlighted.
This document discusses different types of bricks used in construction. There are four main types classified based on their manufacturing process: ground moulded, table moulded, machine moulded, and pressed bricks. Bricks are further classified according to their intended use, physical properties, and Indian Standards specifications. Various tests are described to evaluate properties like compressive strength, water absorption, efflorescence, dimensional tolerance, hardness, and soundness. Lightweight bricks and brick substitutes using industrial waste materials are also covered.
Masonry is generally a highly durable form of construction. However, the materials used, the quality of the mortar and workmanship, and the pattern in which the units are assembled can significantly affect the durability of the over all masonry construction.
This document provides information about brick and stone building materials. It discusses the brief history of bricks, the types of bricks including sun-dried, burnt bricks in various classes. It also describes different brick bonds, standard brick sizes used in various countries and the types of stones including sedimentary, metamorphic and igneous stones. The key types of sedimentary stones discussed are limestone, sandstone, soapstone and fossil stone.
Common bricks are used for unseen work not exposed to frost. Facing bricks are used decoratively and are more expensive. Engineering bricks are strong and durable for uses like retaining walls. Bricks are classified by place of origin, color, manufacturing method, surface texture, and intended use. They are typically made of clay or calcium silicate and must withstand stresses while having properties like imperviousness or fire resistance. The document defines brick terminology and features. It also provides examples of calculating brick quantities for walls of varying thicknesses and bonds.
The document provides details about different types of masonry work including brick masonry, stone masonry, and concrete masonry. For brick masonry, it describes the different types of bonds used (English bond, Flemish bond, etc.), bricks sizes, and terminology. It also covers the requirements for good brickwork and discusses tools used. For stone masonry, it defines types of stone masonry including ashlar, coursed rubble, and dry rubble. Precautions for masonry work and uses of expansion joints are also summarized.
This document is a report on the construction of a brick wall. It begins with an introduction and objectives. It then covers various topics related to brick walls including types of bricks and mortar, bonding techniques, and the construction process. The report describes the materials and steps to lay each course of bricks accurately and securely. It also identifies the tools and equipment used at each stage of construction. Overall, the report provides a comprehensive overview of building a brick wall from planning to completion.
Brick masonry involves laying bricks together with mortar to form walls or structures. There are different brick bonds like English, Flemish, and header bonds that are used. Bricks are available in various sizes and classes depending on their quality. Masonry tools and proper techniques are needed to lay bricks correctly. Brick masonry walls provide benefits like fire resistance, durability and are economical compared to other materials.
Brick masonry involves laying bricks together with mortar to form walls or structures. There are different brick bonds like English, Flemish, and header bonds that are used. Bricks are manufactured through a process of mixing raw materials like fly ash, lime, and sand, and then pressing and curing the bricks. Brick masonry has advantages like fire resistance, durability, and economy. Proper tools, techniques, and testing help ensure high quality brick masonry.
Brick masonry involves laying bricks together with mortar to form walls or structures. There are different brick bonds like English, Flemish, and header bonds that are used. Bricks are available in various sizes and classes depending on their quality. Masonry tools and proper techniques are needed to lay bricks correctly. Tests are done to ensure brick quality and defects can occur if bricks absorb too much water or have soluble salts. Overall, brick masonry is a durable and fire resistant building method.
This document defines bricks and their constituents and manufacturing process. It provides the following key details:
- Bricks are clay constructions of uniform size and shape, traditionally 23cm x 11.4cm x 7.6cm or modular 19cm x 9cm x 9cm.
- Good bricks contain 50-60% silica, 20-30% alumina, up to 5% lime, and 5-6% iron oxide.
- Bricks are manufactured through processes of preparation, molding, drying for 7-14 days, and burning at 750-1000°C using clamp or kiln methods.
- Various bonds including English, Flemish, stretcher and header are used in brickwork construction
A cavity wall consists of two masonry walls separated by a continuous air space. The outer wall faces outside and is typically brick. The inner wall faces inside and can also be brick or concrete block. The walls are connected by metal ties. Weep holes are placed in the outer wall to allow water in the cavity to drain out. Flashing is installed to direct water out through the weep holes. The cavity helps drain water and improves insulation.
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This document provides information about masonry work and materials. It discusses the following:
- Masonry involves building structures from individual units like brick, stone, concrete block laid with mortar.
- Common masonry materials include brick, stone, concrete block and the quality of materials and workmanship can affect durability.
- It also outlines different types of stone and brick masonry work, recommended thicknesses for walls, and bonding techniques for bricklaying.
- Additional sections cover materials like cement, sand, water and reinforcement steel used in masonry as well as factors that influence construction quality.
This Presentation about Brick Masonry with a Beautiful Slides. This presentation covers - Brick Masonry Definition, Type of Bricks, General Principals, Bonds of Bricks, Other Bonds, Junction in Walls, Bonds in Pires, Retraining Wall, Design of Retraining Wall, Strength of Brick Masonry, Reinforced Brickwork. Hope You Enjoy!
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The document discusses different types of masonry construction and bonds used in brick masonry walls. It provides details on various types of masonry including brick, stone, concrete, veneer, and gabion masonry. It also describes different bonds used in brick masonry like stretcher bond, header bond, English bond, and Flemish bond. Key points on supervising brick masonry construction are highlighted.
This document discusses materials and methods used in brick masonry construction. It defines different types of masonry, including brick masonry, stone masonry, and block masonry. It then covers the manufacturing process of bricks, including the basic ingredients of clay bricks, functions of key ingredients, and harmful ingredients. The rest of the document details brick terminology, types of bonds and joints, tools used in brick masonry, and testing procedures for bricks.
A half brick partition wall is constructed using plain bricks laid in stretcher bond formation with cement mortar. It is a basic and economical type of wall made of half brick thickness. The summary describes the key steps in constructing such a wall which are:
1. Calculating brick requirements and mixing cement mortar
2. Laying the first course of bricks on a prepared foundation
3. Cutting bricks in half where needed for staggering and continuing laying courses
4. Repeating the brick laying process until the desired wall height is reached
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2. A brick is building material used to make walls,
pavements and other elements
in masonry construction.
Traditionally, the term brick referred to a unit
composed of clay, but it is now used to denote any
rectangular units laid in mortar.
Bricks are produced in numerous classes, types,
materials, and sizes which vary with region and time
period, and are produced in bulk quantities.
About
Brick
3. How are they
made?
Bricks are made from wetting clay which you press it into
a mould and then bake the clay in an oven until it is hard.
6. First Class
Bricks
These are thoroughly burnt and or of deep red, cherry
color.
These should be free from flaws ,cracks and stones.
The surface should be smooth and rectangular ,with
parallel ,sharp and straight edges and square corners
These should have uniform texture
Water absorption should be 12-15% of its dry weight
when immersed in cold water for 24 hours.
Uses :
These bricks are recommended for pointing, exposed
facework in masonry structures.
7.
8. Second
Class Bricks
These are supposed to have the same requirements as
the first class bricks
Small cracks and distortions are permitted.
A little higher water absorption of about 16-20% of its
dry weight is allowed
The crushing strength should not be less than 7.0
n/mm^2.
Uses :
These are recommended for all masonry works
9. Third Class
Bricks
These are under burnt.
They are soft and light colored producing a dull sound
Water absorption is about 25% of dry weight
Uses:
It is used for building temporary structures
10. Fourth Class
Bricks
These are over burnt and badly distorted in shape and
size and brittle in nature.
Uses:
The ballast of such bricks is used
for foundation and road metal.
11. Common brick: it is a general multipurpose unit
manufactured economically without special reference
to appearance.
Facing brick: these are made primarily with a view
to have good appearance and texture
Engineering bricks: these are strong impermeable
smooth.
Manufacture:
Handmade: these bricks are hand molded .
Machine made: depending upon mechanical
arrangement, bricks are known as wire cut bricks.
13. Solid: small holes not exceeding 25% of the
volume of the brick are permitted
Perforated: small holes may be exceed 25% of
the total volume of the brick
Hollow: the total of holes which need not be small,
may exceed 25% of the volume of the brick
Cellular: holes closed at one end exceed 20% of the
value
16. The art of laying bricks in mortar in a
proper systematic manner gives
homogeneous mass which can withstand
forces without disintegration, called brick
masonry
18. Terms
The surfaces of a brick have names:
Top and bottom surfaces are beds.
Ends are headers and header faces.
Sides are stretchers or stretcher
faces.
20. The coordinating dimensions are a measure of the
physical space taken up by a brick together with the
mortar required on one bed , one header face and one
stretcher face.
The working dimensions are the sizes to which
manufacturers will try to make the bricks.
21. Frog
The depression provided in the face of a brick during
its manufacturing.
Depth of frog in a brick should be 10 to 20mm
Frog should be upward. Why?
22. Course
Each horizontal layer of bricks laid in mortar in any brick
work is called coarse.
Mortar Joints
Mortar placed horizontally below or on the top of a brick is
called a bed. Mortar placed vertically between bricks is
called a perpend.
23. Bats
The portions mad by cutting standard bricks across
their width are known as brick bats.
These are named according their fraction of full length
of a standard brick.
24. Closers
The portions made by cutting across their length in such
a manner that their one stretcher face remains uncut or
half cut.
25. Quoins
The external corners of walls are called quoins
The brick which form the external corner is known as
quoin brick.
26. Requirements
The usual functional requirements of a masonry wall
include:
i) Adequate strength to support imposed loads
ii) Sufficient water tightness
iii) Sufficient visual privacy and sound transmission
iv) Appropriate fire resistance
v) Ability to accommodate heating, air conditioning,
electrical, and plumbing equipment
vi) Ability to receive various finish materials
vii) Ability to provide openings such as doors and
window
27. Bonds
The arrangement of bricks in brick work so that the vertical
joints do not come over each other.
Bonds in brick work is provided to achieve a united mass
as soon as practicable to suit the length, height and
thickness of brick work and stresses to which it is
subjected.
29. Stretcher
Bond
Only used for walls of half brick thickness (partition wall) ,
this is the only practical bond which can be used on a wall
of this thickness. To break the vertical continuity ½ brick
closer is provided in alternating courses
30.
31. Header
Bond
Header Bond also known as Spanish bond was a very
common bond for bearing walls. It is composed of header
bricks, set in rows that are offset ¾ of a brick as a quoin
brick in alternating courses, which produces a solid easy to
lay bond.
32.
33. English
Bond
The strongest bond
This bond maximizes the strength of wall
Pattern on the face of the wall shows distinctive courses
of headers & stretchers.
34.
35. Flemish
Bond
Not such strong as English bond
Decorative pattern on face of the wall shows alternate
headers & stretchers in each with the headers centered
under and over stretchers in adjacent courses.