Brick masonry involves laying bricks together with mortar to form walls or structures. There are different brick bonds like English, Flemish, and header bonds that are used. Bricks are available in various sizes and classes depending on their quality. Masonry tools and proper techniques are needed to lay bricks correctly. Tests are done to ensure brick quality and defects can occur if bricks absorb too much water or have soluble salts. Overall, brick masonry is a durable and fire resistant building method.
The document discusses different types and uses of concrete. It describes three ways concrete can be classified: by binding material (cement or lime concrete), design (plain, reinforced, or pre-stressed concrete), and purpose (vacuum, air entrained, or light weight concrete). For each type, the key ingredients and common uses are provided. The document also covers mix design ratios, water-cement ratios, slump and workability tests, and the compaction factor test for evaluating concrete workability.
Masonry is the building of structures from individual units laid in and bound together by mortar; the term masonry can also refer to the units themselves.
Bricks have been used as a building material since 7000BC, originally made of sun-dried mud but later fired bricks proved more durable. Bricks are now one of the most commonly used building materials after wood. They are manufactured through processes like soft mud, dry press, and extrusion from raw materials like clay, calcium silicate, or concrete. Bricks provide benefits like strength, fire resistance, insulation, and durability making them a versatile and long-lasting building material.
Formwork is used to create structures out of concrete that is poured into molds. It can be made from materials like steel, wood, aluminum, or prefabricated forms. Construction of formwork takes up 20-25% of total structure costs and involves supporting structures and molds. Proper formwork is designed to be easily removable, economical, leakproof, durable, rigid, provide smooth surfaces, be strong, and have adequate supports. Common types include conventional timber formwork, engineered prefabricated formwork, and modern systems like flying forms. Materials used include steel, plywood, plastic, and aluminum. Proper bracing and construction is needed to avoid failures from improper stripping, inadequate bracing, vibration
The document discusses different types of masonry materials used in construction including bricks, mortar, grout, concrete blocks, and stone. It provides details on the history and production of bricks, describing common brick types and sizes. It explains that mortar is used to bond masonry units together and grout is used to fill cavities. Different types of bonds used when laying bricks are also outlined. The summary focuses on defining the key masonry components and their uses according to the document.
Cement and concrete blocks are alternative materials for masonry construction. Concrete blocks have a glossier finish and higher strength than cement blocks but are more expensive with greater dead weight. Blocks come in solid, hollow, and cellular forms and various dimensions. Using blocks requires less mortar and construction time than other materials like bricks, resulting in lower costs. Proper storage, testing of strength and dimensions, and reinforcement of the blocks can improve durability. Aluminium is also used for partitions and has an aesthetic appearance while being light, durable, and reusable.
This document defines masonry and brick masonry. Masonry is made of small building units like clay, shale, concrete or stone that are set in mortar. Brick masonry consists of bricks laid together with mortar and is a popular building material. Bricks come in various sizes and strengths and are classified based on compressive strength and water absorption. Mortar is used to bind the bricks and is typically made of water, cement or lime, and sand. Various tests are performed on bricks and brick masonry assemblies to test properties like efflorescence, water absorption, compressive strength, and bond strength. Brick masonry provides benefits like low maintenance, fire resistance, insulation, and structural load
The document discusses different types and uses of concrete. It describes three ways concrete can be classified: by binding material (cement or lime concrete), design (plain, reinforced, or pre-stressed concrete), and purpose (vacuum, air entrained, or light weight concrete). For each type, the key ingredients and common uses are provided. The document also covers mix design ratios, water-cement ratios, slump and workability tests, and the compaction factor test for evaluating concrete workability.
Masonry is the building of structures from individual units laid in and bound together by mortar; the term masonry can also refer to the units themselves.
Bricks have been used as a building material since 7000BC, originally made of sun-dried mud but later fired bricks proved more durable. Bricks are now one of the most commonly used building materials after wood. They are manufactured through processes like soft mud, dry press, and extrusion from raw materials like clay, calcium silicate, or concrete. Bricks provide benefits like strength, fire resistance, insulation, and durability making them a versatile and long-lasting building material.
Formwork is used to create structures out of concrete that is poured into molds. It can be made from materials like steel, wood, aluminum, or prefabricated forms. Construction of formwork takes up 20-25% of total structure costs and involves supporting structures and molds. Proper formwork is designed to be easily removable, economical, leakproof, durable, rigid, provide smooth surfaces, be strong, and have adequate supports. Common types include conventional timber formwork, engineered prefabricated formwork, and modern systems like flying forms. Materials used include steel, plywood, plastic, and aluminum. Proper bracing and construction is needed to avoid failures from improper stripping, inadequate bracing, vibration
The document discusses different types of masonry materials used in construction including bricks, mortar, grout, concrete blocks, and stone. It provides details on the history and production of bricks, describing common brick types and sizes. It explains that mortar is used to bond masonry units together and grout is used to fill cavities. Different types of bonds used when laying bricks are also outlined. The summary focuses on defining the key masonry components and their uses according to the document.
Cement and concrete blocks are alternative materials for masonry construction. Concrete blocks have a glossier finish and higher strength than cement blocks but are more expensive with greater dead weight. Blocks come in solid, hollow, and cellular forms and various dimensions. Using blocks requires less mortar and construction time than other materials like bricks, resulting in lower costs. Proper storage, testing of strength and dimensions, and reinforcement of the blocks can improve durability. Aluminium is also used for partitions and has an aesthetic appearance while being light, durable, and reusable.
This document defines masonry and brick masonry. Masonry is made of small building units like clay, shale, concrete or stone that are set in mortar. Brick masonry consists of bricks laid together with mortar and is a popular building material. Bricks come in various sizes and strengths and are classified based on compressive strength and water absorption. Mortar is used to bind the bricks and is typically made of water, cement or lime, and sand. Various tests are performed on bricks and brick masonry assemblies to test properties like efflorescence, water absorption, compressive strength, and bond strength. Brick masonry provides benefits like low maintenance, fire resistance, insulation, and structural load
Brick masonry involves laying bricks together with mortar to form walls or structures. There are different brick bonds like English, Flemish, and header bonds that are used. Bricks are available in various sizes and classes depending on their quality. Masonry tools and proper techniques are needed to lay bricks correctly. Brick masonry walls provide benefits like fire resistance, durability and are economical compared to other materials.
Concrete is a versatile building material made by mixing portland cement, water, aggregates like sand and gravel, and sometimes admixtures. It can be easily formed and customized for different uses. Freshly mixed concrete must be workable, meaning it can be easily transported, placed, compacted, and finished without segregating. Workability depends on factors like water content, mix design, and temperature.
Brick work involves arranging bricks laid in mortar to form a unified structure. Proper brick bonding is important to distribute loads and stresses throughout the structure. The main types of brick bonding are English bond (alternating headers and stretchers), Flemish bond (alternating headers and stretchers within the same course), and stretcher bond (all bricks laid as stretchers). Good brick bonding follows rules like using uniformly sized bricks, arranging bricks uniformly, minimizing small fragments, and having vertical joints directly above one another between courses.
Composite masonry refers to walls constructed using two or more building materials. Common types of composite masonry include stone facing with brick backing, stone slab facing with brick backing, brick facing with concrete backing, ashlar facing with brick backing, and ashlar facing with rubble backing. Composite masonry is used to reduce costs while providing durable, high quality materials on the surface and concealing inferior work. Reinforced brick masonry incorporates steel reinforcement to increase strength and allow the masonry to resist tensile, compressive, and shear stresses, making it suitable for seismic areas.
Concrete is a composite material made by mixing cement, water, and aggregates such as sand and gravel. The cement and water form a paste that binds the aggregates together. Concrete is very versatile and can be molded into any shape. It is one of the most widely used construction materials in the world due to its strength, durability, fire resistance and affordability. Proper curing of concrete by keeping it wet is important for it to gain full strength.
This document discusses the process of manufacturing clay bricks. It begins by describing the ideal properties and composition of brick-making clay, including the optimal percentages of key constituents like alumina, silica, lime, and iron oxide. It then outlines the four main steps in brick production: preparing the clay through weathering, blending, and tempering; moulding bricks by hand or machine; air drying the moulded bricks; and firing the dried bricks in clamps or kilns. The ideal plasticity and strength of the clay for shaping is emphasized.
This document provides an overview of concrete, including its composition, properties, production process, and testing. Some key points:
- Concrete is a composite material made of cement, fine and coarse aggregates, and water. It can be classified based on its cementing material, mix proportions, performance specifications, grade, density, and place of casting.
- The production of concrete involves batching, mixing, transporting, placing, compacting, curing, and finishing. Proper batching and mixing are important to ensure uniform strength. Compaction removes entrapped air for maximum strength. Curing maintains moisture for proper hardening.
- Concrete properties depend on water-cement ratio, with maximum theoretical
This document discusses different types of brick bonding used in wall construction. It describes English bond as having alternating courses of headers and stretchers with closers overlapping at corners for strength. Flemish bond alternates headers and stretchers in each course with closers overlapping. Other bonds discussed include header bond for curved walls, stretcher bond for thin walls, garden wall bond, rat trap bond, and stacked bond. Proper brick bonding is important for the strength and appearance of brick walls.
This document discusses partition walls, which divide interior spaces without carrying structural loads. It defines partition walls and lists their advantages such as dividing spaces, providing privacy, and being lightweight. It describes requirements for good partition walls and various types including brick, hollow block, concrete, glass, wood, strawboard, plaster, metal, and asbestos cement. Movable and portable partition walls are also discussed. Common applications include offices, schools, hotels, and event spaces.
This document provides information on different types of floor finishes. It discusses the structure and components of a floor. It then describes various flooring materials like stone, tile, terrazzo, brick, cement concrete and timber flooring. For each material, it provides details on their manufacture, sizes, properties, advantages and uses. Stone flooring discussed in detail includes marble, granite and kota stone. For tiles, both ceramic and vitrified tiles are explained. Mosaic and terrazzo flooring techniques are also summarized.
This document discusses different types of insulation materials used in construction. It describes fiberglass, mineral wool, cellulose, polyurethane foam, polystyrene, and different flat and pitch roof insulation options. Key considerations for insulation materials include thermal conductivity, moisture sensitivity, durability, cost effectiveness, and environmental impact. The document provides details on the composition and properties of common insulation materials.
Brick Masonary ppt presentation by Abhishek BagulAbhishek Bagul
With the inclusion of animations, it was my submission for my bachelor's. it has many of the important concepts of the brick masonry. all the closers and bats concepts are included in it. even some bonds like Flemish bond, English bond, stretcher bond & header bond are added with the animation effect. each brick has its own animation effect and it helps us to easily understand the concepts of the bond.
The document discusses flooring materials and their properties. It provides information on various types of flooring materials including ceramic tiles, marble, terrazzo tiles, and vitrified tiles. For each material, it describes the manufacturing process, characteristics, advantages, disadvantages, common uses, and costs. Ceramic tiles are made from clay, sand and other natural materials that are fired at high temperatures. Marble is a natural stone that comes in various colors and grades. Terrazzo involves pouring a composite material that is ground and polished smooth. Vitrified tiles are made through a process that makes them non-porous and highly durable.
This document discusses walls in construction. It defines walls and explains their importance in providing shelter, security, strength and stability, compartmentalization, sound insulation, fire resistance, and aesthetics. Walls are classified by location as exterior or interior, and by structural requirements as load-bearing or non-load bearing. Load-bearing walls support structural loads while non-load bearing walls only support themselves. The document outlines the functional requirements of walls, including strength and stability, weather resistance, fire resistance, and thermal insulation.
Purpose of brick bonds
Types of bonds in Brick Masonry in Civil Engineering
Types of bonds in brick masonry with Application
Advantages and Disadvantages of each type
This document provides an overview of different types of concrete and concrete walls presented by Kamrul Hassan. It discusses 15 types of concrete materials including modern concrete, high-strength concrete, stamped concrete, and glass concrete. It also describes 7 types of concrete walls including precast walls, poured walls, block walls, stucco walls, stamped walls, colored walls, and retaining walls. The advantages and uses of each wall type are summarized. The document concludes with descriptions of different types of masonry concrete blocks and alternative materials to concrete including honeycomb clay blocks, hemp blocks, and insulated concrete form blocks.
The document discusses different types of walls used in buildings including load-bearing walls, non-load bearing walls, cavity walls, and partition walls. It describes the main purposes, materials used, and characteristics of each type of wall. Various finishes that can be applied to walls are also outlined such as plaster, paint, wallpaper, and acoustic treatments that can improve sound absorption.
Bamboo is one of the oldest construction materials. It has been used all over the world as the building materials in the form of walls, roofs, foundation, reinforcements and decorations.
At the same time, it acts as the good earthquake resistance material.
This document discusses bricks and blocks as building materials. It describes the manufacturing process, properties, uses, and innovations for both. Bricks are made from clay soils and can be unburnt or burnt. They are used widely in construction for walls, foundations, bridges, and paving. Blocks are an alternative to bricks made from concrete. The document outlines different types of blocks and their manufacturing process. Blocks are used for walls, floors, and other construction due to their cost effectiveness and ease of use.
Brick masonry has a long history, dating back to at least 4000 BC when the earliest civilizations used sun-dried bricks. Over time, innovations like kilns for firing bricks and lime mortar improved the strength and durability of brick buildings. Major historical civilizations and periods contributed advances, like the Romans developing masonry arches and vaults, and medieval Europeans building fortresses and cathedrals with pointed vaults. Modern developments include Portland cement, cavity walls, and reinforced concrete, allowing masonry construction of even taller buildings. Today, masonry is commonly used for foundations, low-rise structural walls, and facing materials like brick and stone veneers.
Brick masonry involves laying bricks together using mortar. Bricks are laid in various bond patterns with headers and stretchers. English bond and Flemish bond are common, strong bonds. Brick masonry walls are durable and fire resistant due to the thermal mass of bricks. Proper bonding, jointing, and avoiding continuous vertical joints are important for strength. Bricks are classified based on quality and used for different purposes depending on loads and importance of structure.
Brick masonry provides fire resistance, durability, and strength due to its homogeneous mass when bricks are laid in mortar. There are different types of bonds that provide varying strength, with English bond being the strongest. Bricks must meet quality standards like being uniformly shaped, emitting a clear ringing sound when struck, and having low water absorption. Proper tools and techniques are used to lay bricks in bonds with headers, stretchers, and closures to reinforce the wall structure. Brick masonry walls can be constructed using various bonds and have advantages of low cost and availability of materials.
Brick masonry involves laying bricks together with mortar to form walls or structures. There are different brick bonds like English, Flemish, and header bonds that are used. Bricks are available in various sizes and classes depending on their quality. Masonry tools and proper techniques are needed to lay bricks correctly. Brick masonry walls provide benefits like fire resistance, durability and are economical compared to other materials.
Concrete is a versatile building material made by mixing portland cement, water, aggregates like sand and gravel, and sometimes admixtures. It can be easily formed and customized for different uses. Freshly mixed concrete must be workable, meaning it can be easily transported, placed, compacted, and finished without segregating. Workability depends on factors like water content, mix design, and temperature.
Brick work involves arranging bricks laid in mortar to form a unified structure. Proper brick bonding is important to distribute loads and stresses throughout the structure. The main types of brick bonding are English bond (alternating headers and stretchers), Flemish bond (alternating headers and stretchers within the same course), and stretcher bond (all bricks laid as stretchers). Good brick bonding follows rules like using uniformly sized bricks, arranging bricks uniformly, minimizing small fragments, and having vertical joints directly above one another between courses.
Composite masonry refers to walls constructed using two or more building materials. Common types of composite masonry include stone facing with brick backing, stone slab facing with brick backing, brick facing with concrete backing, ashlar facing with brick backing, and ashlar facing with rubble backing. Composite masonry is used to reduce costs while providing durable, high quality materials on the surface and concealing inferior work. Reinforced brick masonry incorporates steel reinforcement to increase strength and allow the masonry to resist tensile, compressive, and shear stresses, making it suitable for seismic areas.
Concrete is a composite material made by mixing cement, water, and aggregates such as sand and gravel. The cement and water form a paste that binds the aggregates together. Concrete is very versatile and can be molded into any shape. It is one of the most widely used construction materials in the world due to its strength, durability, fire resistance and affordability. Proper curing of concrete by keeping it wet is important for it to gain full strength.
This document discusses the process of manufacturing clay bricks. It begins by describing the ideal properties and composition of brick-making clay, including the optimal percentages of key constituents like alumina, silica, lime, and iron oxide. It then outlines the four main steps in brick production: preparing the clay through weathering, blending, and tempering; moulding bricks by hand or machine; air drying the moulded bricks; and firing the dried bricks in clamps or kilns. The ideal plasticity and strength of the clay for shaping is emphasized.
This document provides an overview of concrete, including its composition, properties, production process, and testing. Some key points:
- Concrete is a composite material made of cement, fine and coarse aggregates, and water. It can be classified based on its cementing material, mix proportions, performance specifications, grade, density, and place of casting.
- The production of concrete involves batching, mixing, transporting, placing, compacting, curing, and finishing. Proper batching and mixing are important to ensure uniform strength. Compaction removes entrapped air for maximum strength. Curing maintains moisture for proper hardening.
- Concrete properties depend on water-cement ratio, with maximum theoretical
This document discusses different types of brick bonding used in wall construction. It describes English bond as having alternating courses of headers and stretchers with closers overlapping at corners for strength. Flemish bond alternates headers and stretchers in each course with closers overlapping. Other bonds discussed include header bond for curved walls, stretcher bond for thin walls, garden wall bond, rat trap bond, and stacked bond. Proper brick bonding is important for the strength and appearance of brick walls.
This document discusses partition walls, which divide interior spaces without carrying structural loads. It defines partition walls and lists their advantages such as dividing spaces, providing privacy, and being lightweight. It describes requirements for good partition walls and various types including brick, hollow block, concrete, glass, wood, strawboard, plaster, metal, and asbestos cement. Movable and portable partition walls are also discussed. Common applications include offices, schools, hotels, and event spaces.
This document provides information on different types of floor finishes. It discusses the structure and components of a floor. It then describes various flooring materials like stone, tile, terrazzo, brick, cement concrete and timber flooring. For each material, it provides details on their manufacture, sizes, properties, advantages and uses. Stone flooring discussed in detail includes marble, granite and kota stone. For tiles, both ceramic and vitrified tiles are explained. Mosaic and terrazzo flooring techniques are also summarized.
This document discusses different types of insulation materials used in construction. It describes fiberglass, mineral wool, cellulose, polyurethane foam, polystyrene, and different flat and pitch roof insulation options. Key considerations for insulation materials include thermal conductivity, moisture sensitivity, durability, cost effectiveness, and environmental impact. The document provides details on the composition and properties of common insulation materials.
Brick Masonary ppt presentation by Abhishek BagulAbhishek Bagul
With the inclusion of animations, it was my submission for my bachelor's. it has many of the important concepts of the brick masonry. all the closers and bats concepts are included in it. even some bonds like Flemish bond, English bond, stretcher bond & header bond are added with the animation effect. each brick has its own animation effect and it helps us to easily understand the concepts of the bond.
The document discusses flooring materials and their properties. It provides information on various types of flooring materials including ceramic tiles, marble, terrazzo tiles, and vitrified tiles. For each material, it describes the manufacturing process, characteristics, advantages, disadvantages, common uses, and costs. Ceramic tiles are made from clay, sand and other natural materials that are fired at high temperatures. Marble is a natural stone that comes in various colors and grades. Terrazzo involves pouring a composite material that is ground and polished smooth. Vitrified tiles are made through a process that makes them non-porous and highly durable.
This document discusses walls in construction. It defines walls and explains their importance in providing shelter, security, strength and stability, compartmentalization, sound insulation, fire resistance, and aesthetics. Walls are classified by location as exterior or interior, and by structural requirements as load-bearing or non-load bearing. Load-bearing walls support structural loads while non-load bearing walls only support themselves. The document outlines the functional requirements of walls, including strength and stability, weather resistance, fire resistance, and thermal insulation.
Purpose of brick bonds
Types of bonds in Brick Masonry in Civil Engineering
Types of bonds in brick masonry with Application
Advantages and Disadvantages of each type
This document provides an overview of different types of concrete and concrete walls presented by Kamrul Hassan. It discusses 15 types of concrete materials including modern concrete, high-strength concrete, stamped concrete, and glass concrete. It also describes 7 types of concrete walls including precast walls, poured walls, block walls, stucco walls, stamped walls, colored walls, and retaining walls. The advantages and uses of each wall type are summarized. The document concludes with descriptions of different types of masonry concrete blocks and alternative materials to concrete including honeycomb clay blocks, hemp blocks, and insulated concrete form blocks.
The document discusses different types of walls used in buildings including load-bearing walls, non-load bearing walls, cavity walls, and partition walls. It describes the main purposes, materials used, and characteristics of each type of wall. Various finishes that can be applied to walls are also outlined such as plaster, paint, wallpaper, and acoustic treatments that can improve sound absorption.
Bamboo is one of the oldest construction materials. It has been used all over the world as the building materials in the form of walls, roofs, foundation, reinforcements and decorations.
At the same time, it acts as the good earthquake resistance material.
This document discusses bricks and blocks as building materials. It describes the manufacturing process, properties, uses, and innovations for both. Bricks are made from clay soils and can be unburnt or burnt. They are used widely in construction for walls, foundations, bridges, and paving. Blocks are an alternative to bricks made from concrete. The document outlines different types of blocks and their manufacturing process. Blocks are used for walls, floors, and other construction due to their cost effectiveness and ease of use.
Brick masonry has a long history, dating back to at least 4000 BC when the earliest civilizations used sun-dried bricks. Over time, innovations like kilns for firing bricks and lime mortar improved the strength and durability of brick buildings. Major historical civilizations and periods contributed advances, like the Romans developing masonry arches and vaults, and medieval Europeans building fortresses and cathedrals with pointed vaults. Modern developments include Portland cement, cavity walls, and reinforced concrete, allowing masonry construction of even taller buildings. Today, masonry is commonly used for foundations, low-rise structural walls, and facing materials like brick and stone veneers.
Brick masonry involves laying bricks together using mortar. Bricks are laid in various bond patterns with headers and stretchers. English bond and Flemish bond are common, strong bonds. Brick masonry walls are durable and fire resistant due to the thermal mass of bricks. Proper bonding, jointing, and avoiding continuous vertical joints are important for strength. Bricks are classified based on quality and used for different purposes depending on loads and importance of structure.
Brick masonry provides fire resistance, durability, and strength due to its homogeneous mass when bricks are laid in mortar. There are different types of bonds that provide varying strength, with English bond being the strongest. Bricks must meet quality standards like being uniformly shaped, emitting a clear ringing sound when struck, and having low water absorption. Proper tools and techniques are used to lay bricks in bonds with headers, stretchers, and closures to reinforce the wall structure. Brick masonry walls can be constructed using various bonds and have advantages of low cost and availability of materials.
BRICK MASONRY INRODUCTION
BRICK MASONRY-UNIQUENESS
CHARACTERISTIC OF BRICKS
ADVANTAGE OF BRICK MASONRY
MANUFACTURE OF BRICKS
TYPES OF BRICKS USED IN MASONARY WORK
TYPES OF BRICK MASONRY BOND
ENGLISH BOND
FLEMISH BOND
HEADER BOND
STRETCHER BOND
TYPES OF BRICKS MASONARY
TOOLS USED IN BRICK MASONRY
BRICKS COURSES & CLOSURES
RULES FOR GOOD BRICKS BONDING
QUALITIES OF GOOD BRICKS
CLASSIFICATION OF BRICKS
TEST FOR BRICKS
DEFECTS IN BRICK MASONRY
CONCLUSION
Brick masonry involves laying bricks together using mortar. There are different brick bonds used to lay the bricks in structured patterns. English bond and Flemish bond are two common types of bonds. Bricks are manufactured through processes of shaping, drying and firing. Proper brick selection and testing ensures bricks have qualities like durability and strength. Skilled masons use tools to lay bricks according to bonding rules and orientations to construct sturdy brick walls.
This document defines bricks and their constituents and manufacturing process. It provides the following key details:
- Bricks are clay constructions of uniform size and shape, traditionally 23cm x 11.4cm x 7.6cm or modular 19cm x 9cm x 9cm.
- Good bricks contain 50-60% silica, 20-30% alumina, up to 5% lime, and 5-6% iron oxide.
- Bricks are manufactured through processes of preparation, molding, drying for 7-14 days, and burning at 750-1000°C using clamp or kiln methods.
- Various bonds including English, Flemish, stretcher and header are used in brickwork construction
This document defines bricks and their constituents and manufacturing process. It provides the following key details:
- Bricks are clay constructions of uniform size and shape, traditionally 23cm x 11.4cm x 7.6cm or modular 19cm x 9cm x 9cm.
- Good bricks contain 50-60% silica, 20-30% alumina, up to 5% lime, and 5-6% iron oxide.
- Bricks are manufactured through processes of preparation, molding, drying for 7-14 days, and burning at 750-1000°C using clamp or kiln methods.
- Various bonds including English, Flemish, stretcher and header are used in brickwork construction
This document provides an overview of brick masonry construction. It defines technical terms like header, stretcher, and course. It describes the tools used in brickwork like trowels, spirit levels, and hammers. The document outlines different types of brick masonry like work in mud or cement. It explains bonds like English and Flemish bonds. It also details joints, advantages, and potential defects of brick masonry walls.
Brick masonry involves laying bricks bonded together with mortar. Bricks are made from clay and other ingredients, formed into blocks. There are different brick bonds used in masonry walls like English, Flemish and stretcher bonds. Masonry joints are used to join the bricks. Proper bonding of bricks is important for strength and stability of walls. Defects can occur if bricks contain excessive salts or dampness causes corrosion of embedded metals.
A brick is a block or a single unit of a ceramic material used in masonry construction. Typically bricks are stacked together or laid as brickwork using various kinds of mortar to hold the bricks together and make a permanent structure.
Bricks are typically produced in common or standard sizes in bulk quantities. They have been regarded as one of the longest lasting and strongest building materials used throughout history.
This document provides information on brick masonry, including the components, properties, types, and bonds used. It defines key terms like stretcher, header, lap, perpend, bed, and various types of closers. It describes the classification of bricks based on field practice, strength, use, finish, manufacture, burning, and type. The types of bonds covered include stretcher bond, header bond, English bond, Flemish bond, and their essential features. Mortars are classified as cement, lime, lime-surkhi, mud, and lime-cement. The document is a comprehensive reference on brick masonry.
Brick work and Methods Used for Brick Work in Construction Industry and Kinds of Material Used for Brick Work in Civil Engineering Works Quantity Surveying Course Join Bhadanis QS Institute Call 9990990844 or 9810476579 or visit www.billingengineer.com
Presentation on Brick Masonry, Paint and PlasteringAbontee
This document is the presentation slides for a group project on brick masonry, paint, and plastering. It includes an introduction slide with the group members' names. It then covers topics such as the definitions of masonry, brick masonry, types of bricks, bonding patterns, plastering materials and types, paint constituents, and defects and their remedies. Diagrams are provided to illustrate brickwork terminology, masonry joints, bond patterns, and plastering tools.
This document discusses materials and methods used in brick masonry construction. It defines different types of masonry, including brick masonry, stone masonry, and block masonry. It then covers the manufacturing process of bricks, including the basic ingredients of clay bricks, functions of key ingredients, and harmful ingredients. The rest of the document details brick terminology, types of bonds and joints, tools used in brick masonry, and testing procedures for bricks.
A brick is building material used to make walls, pavements and other elements in masonry construction. Traditionally, the term brick referred to a unit composed of clay, but it is now used to denote rectangular units made of clay-bearing soil, sand, and lime, or concrete materials. Bricks can be joined together using mortar, adhesives or by interlocking them.[1][2] Bricks are produced in numerous classes, types, materials, and sizes which vary with region and time period, and are produced in bulk quantities. Two basic categories of bricks are fired and non-fired bricks.
In this slide there is a brief discussion about Types , Making & examples of bricks & also plastering
This document provides information on bricks, including their definition, size, constituents, manufacturing process, types, bonding, and advantages and disadvantages. Bricks are clay construction materials that are durable and low-cost. They are standardized at 9 1/2 x 4 1/2 x 2 3/4 inches in Bangladesh. Bricks are made through processes of preparation, molding, drying, and burning. Their quality depends on factors like composition, strength, and water absorption. Bricks are used in various bond patterns and structures.
This document summarizes the process of constructing a brick wall. It discusses the types of bonding used in brickwork, including stretcher bond, Flemish bond, and English bond. It also outlines the materials used, including clay bricks, concrete bricks, and mortar. The method of construction is explained in 20 steps, covering preparing the foundation, laying each row of bricks, and finishing the wall. Machineries like concrete mixers and tools like trowels, levels, and shovels are also discussed. Video observations showed workers distributing mortar, mixing concrete, and finishing walls.
The document provides details about different types of masonry work including brick masonry, stone masonry, and concrete masonry. For brick masonry, it describes the different types of bonds used (English bond, Flemish bond, etc.), bricks sizes, and terminology. It also covers the requirements for good brickwork and discusses tools used. For stone masonry, it defines types of stone masonry including ashlar, coursed rubble, and dry rubble. Precautions for masonry work and uses of expansion joints are also summarized.
About Brick - definition, manufacturing process, classification, types and Brick Masonry - terminology, types of bonds. ( Stretcher, Header, English and Flemish)
This Presentation about Brick Masonry with a Beautiful Slides. This presentation covers - Brick Masonry Definition, Type of Bricks, General Principals, Bonds of Bricks, Other Bonds, Junction in Walls, Bonds in Pires, Retraining Wall, Design of Retraining Wall, Strength of Brick Masonry, Reinforced Brickwork. Hope You Enjoy!
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The Science of Learning: implications for modern teachingDerek Wenmoth
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3. Brick bonds are an essential part of wall
structure.
"brick"is a standard-sized weight-
bearing building unit.
Several bricks are laid together in
stacks.
Mortar paste is placed on top of each to
form a firm bond.
are laid to form the structure.
There are different ways in which bricks
are termed as bonds.
IINNTRINTROODUCTI
ON
4. WHAT IS BRICK-MASONARY
BRICK :- Brick is a building unit ,which is in the
form of rectangular block in which length to breadth
ratio is 2 but height can be different.
MASONARY :-Construction of building unit
bonded together with mortar.
BRICK MASONRY:-The art of laying bricks in
mortar in a proper systematic manner gives
homogeneous mass which can withstand forces
without disintegration, called Brick masonry.
6. CHARACTERISTIC OF BRICKS
Brick will not burn, buckle or melt.
Brick will not rot and allow Termites to invade.
Brick will not rust and corrode.
Brick will not dent.
Brick will not fade from the Sun’s UV Rays.
Brick will not be damaged by high winds , rain or
hail.
Brick will not require constant maintains.
Brick will not devalue.
Brick will not limit your personal expression.
Brick will not limit your design options.
7. ADVANTAGES OF BRICK MASONRY
The Brick masonry is cheaper than
compared to stone masonry.
Bricks are of uniform size.
Bricks are very workable .
Brick blocks don’t need any dressing.
Bricks are very light in weight.
No complicated lifting devices are
necessary in brick work.
There is no problem to its availability.
They do not require transportation from
long distances.
Brick work can be done by the less
skilled labours also.
Bonding strength is very good and brick
work is more durable.
8. MANUFACTURING OF BRICKS
Raw materials like fly Ash,lime sand and gypsum or
fly Ash,cement & sand are manually fed into a pan
mixer where water added in the required proportion
for intimate mixing.The proportion of the raw material
is generally in the ratio 60-80% of fly Ash,20-25%
sand and 8-10% cement,or 60-80% of fly ash 10-20%
lime,10% gypsum and 10% sand,depending upon the
quality of raw materials.
After mixing, the mixture is shifted to the
hydraulic/mechanical presses.The bricks are carried
on wooden pellets to the open area where they are
dried and water cured for 21 days .The bricks are
tested and sorted before dispatch.
9. TYPES OF BRICKS MASONRY
Bricks Masonry
Brick work in mud Brick work in cement
10. BRICK WORK IN MUD
The mud is used to fill up the
joints.
Thickness of the mortar joint is 12
mm.
Cheapest
Maximum height of wall is 4 m.
11. BRICK WORK IN CEMENT
1st Class
Cement of lime mortar is used.
The surface and edges of bricks are sharp.
The thickness of mortar joints doesn’t exceed
10mm
2nd Class
Ground moulded bricks are used.
Bricks are rough and shape is slightly irregular.
The thickness of mortar joint is 12 mm.
3rd Class
Bricks are not hard ,rough surface with
distorted shape.
Used for temporary structures.
Used in places where rainfall is not heavy.
12. SIZES OF BRICK
Nominal size :-A standard
metric brick has coordinating
dimensions of 225 x 112.5 x 75
mm (9” x 4.5” x 3”)
Architectural size :-
Working dimensions (actual
dimensions)of 215 x 102.5 x 65
mm (8.5” x 4” x 2.5”)
13. MASONRY JOINT
Weathered joint :-Mortar joint has sloped
(downwards) edge.
Concave joint :-Joint concave inwards.
Vee joint :-Mortar joint is the form of V.
Flush joint :-Mortar joint is flush with the brick
surface.
Raked joint :-A large portion of the mortar joint is
raked out not a safe ,impermeable joint.
Stripped joint :- A medium large portion of the
mortar joint is a safe permeable joint.
Struck joint :-Mortar joint has aslope (upwards)
edge.
14. TOOLS USED IN BRICK MASONRY
Trowel
Plumb bob
Hammer
Spirit level
Mason square
Steel tape
15. BRICK COURSES & CLOSURES
QUEEN CLOSURE: A brick cut
in half down its length.
KING CLOSURE : A brick cut a
corner & joining middle points of
width and length of the brick.
THREE QUARTER BAT : A
brick cut to three-quarters of its
length, and laid with its long,
narrow side exposed.
HALF BAT: A brick cut in half
across its width and laid in the wall
structure.
QUARTER BAT: A brick cut to a
quarter of its length.
16. ORIENTATION OF BRICKS
STRETCHER: A brick laid
with its long narrow side
exposed.
HEADER: A brick laid flat
with its width at the face of the
wall.
SOLDIER: A brick laid
vertically with the long narrow
side of the brick exposed.
SAILOR: A brick laid vertically
with the broad face of the brick
exposed.
17. RULES FOR GOOD BRICK BONDING
Uniform in size.
Bricks arranged uniformly throughout the wall.
Bats are used as little as possible.
The bricks in the interiors of wall laid as headers,
that is, across the wall.
The lap not more than 2 and one-fourth(1/4) inches.
The vertical joints in every other course should be
vertically over one another.
18. BONDS IN BRICK-WORK
1. English bond.
2. Flemish bond.
3. Header bond.
4. Stretcher bond.
5. Facing bond.
6. English cross bond.
7. Brick on edge bond.
8. Dutch bond.
9. Raking bond.
10. Garden wall bond
19. FLEMISH-BOND
This bond has one stretcher
between headers, with the
headers centered over the
stretchers in the course below.
When a course begins with a
stretcher, the course will
ordinarily terminate with a
stretcher at the other end.
Brickwork that appears as
Flemish bond from both the
front and rear is Double
Flemish bond.
20. ENGLISH BOND
Bricks are laid in alternate
courses of headers and stretchers.
There is a chance of penetration
of damp through transverse
joints.
Queen closures are inserted next
to headers to produce overlap.
English bonds are the strongest
but it is to be noted that the
continuous vertical joints are to
be avoided.
Appearance is not as good as
Flemish bonds.
21. SUSSEX BOND
This bond has three
stretchers between every
header.
the headers are centered
above the midpoint of three
stretchers in the course
below.
Generally used as garden
walls and are relatively
cheaper than other bonds.
22. GARDEN-WALL BOND
Used for 9 inch wall.
Used when a fair face is
required on both sides.
Wall is composed of three or
four courses of stretchers
alternating with one of
headers.
It is mostly used in
construction of garden wall.
23. HEADER BOND
Heading or Header Bond is laid on
headers.
Used for round quick sweeps .
Should never be used in straight
work as it is very week.
This bond is used for facing of
curved surface and footings in
foundations.
24. STRETCHER BOND
Bricks are laid in stretchers.
Used in walls of half – brick in thickness.
Due to its constant occurrence in the last position it
is also called Chimney Bond, Running Bond.
This bond doesn’t develop proper internal bond.
25. QUALITIES OF GOOD BRICKS
1. Bricks should be uniform in shape & standard in size.
2. Bricks should give a clear metallic ringing sound when struck
with each other.
3. Bricks should show a bright homogeneous & free from voids.
4. Bricks should be well brunt and possess sharp edges.
5. Colour of the bricks should be uniform and bright.
6. Bricks should be sufficiently hard & no impression should be
left on bricks surface when scratched with finger nail.
7. Bricks should have crushing strength above 5.50N/mm”.
8. The bricks should not break when it dropped from a height
of about 1 m.
9. The bricks should not absorb water more than 20% by
weight when soaked in cold water for 24 hrs.
10. The bricks should not show any deposits of white salts when
allowed to dry in shade.
26. CLASSIFICATION OF BRICKS
FIRST CLASS BRICKS :-
This are table moulded.
Surface & edges are sharp, square ,smooth , straight.
Well brunt & have uniform texture ,metallic ringing when
struck against each other.
Used for superior work.
SECOND CLASS BRICKS :-
This are ground moulded brick.
Surface are rough.
The quality of this bricks are inferior.
THIRD CLASS BRICKS :-
The surface & edges are rough.
Does not create any metallic sound.
Used for temporary & unimportant structure.
FOURTH CLASS BRICKS :-
This bricks are over brunt.
Irregular shape & dark colour.
Used in floor , foundation, roads.
27. TESTS FOR BRICKS
1) Absorption:- The brick should not absorb water more
than 20% of dry weight.
2) Crushing strength:- As per BIS 1077-1957 the
minimum crushing strength of bricks is 3.5 N/mm2
3) Hardness :- Brick is treated to be sufficient hard if no
impression could be made on the surface of the brick by
finger nail.
4) Soundness :- Two bricks when struck with each other
should emit metallic ringing sound.
5) Structure :- It should be homogeneous ,compact ,and
free from any defects.
6) Shape & size :- Standard size (190 X 90 X 90 mm)
and shapes should be truly rectangular with sharp
edges and smooth surface.
28. DEFECTS IN BRICK MASONRY
Sulphate attack :- Sulphate salts present in
bricks work react with alumina content of cement
.It occur in boundary walls.
Crystallization of salts from bricks :- Occur in
masonry made out of brick which contain excessive
soluble salts.This phenomenon is also known as
efflorescence.
Corrosion of embedded iron or steel :- Iron
or steel embedded in brick work gets corroded in
the presence of dampness .On corrosion the metal
expands in volume and tends to crack the brick
work.
29. CONCLUSION
Masonry boasts an
impressive compressive
strength (vertical loads) but
is much lower in tensile
strength unless reinforced.
Brick masonry increases the
thermal mass of a building
and thereby resists fire.
Masonry tends to be heavy
and must be built upon a
strong foundation, such as
reinforced concrete, to avoid
settling and cracking.