Analyzing the role of Segmental lining in the tunnels with Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) at Vishnugad Pipalkoti Hydroelectric project (4*111 MW). A case study
This document analyzes the use of segmental lining in tunnels excavated using a Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) for the Vishnugad Pipalkoti Hydroelectric project in India. Segmental lining involves installing precast concrete segments to line the tunnel, which is faster than traditional cast-in-place concrete lining. The document describes the geology of the tunnel site, provides details on the TBM excavation and segmental lining installation process, and analyzes the specific segment design used for the project, including dimensions, joint types, installation sequence, and repair procedures. It concludes that segmental lining can improve efficiency and reduce costs compared to concrete lining for large-diameter tunnels like the project's headrace tunnel
1. The document discusses pipe conveyors, which are used to transport bulk materials in difficult terrain and weather conditions. They have several advantages over traditional belt conveyors.
2. It describes improvements in pipe conveyor belt design through testing and modeling to optimize belt stiffness for curves and reduce power consumption. New belt designs like Confine belts have improved stability.
3. Dynamic analysis of starting and stopping behavior is discussed. It allows optimization of conveyor control systems for safety during emergency stops or loading/unloading.
REVIEW OF THE ROLE OF JOINTS USAGE IN BRIDGE STRUCTURESIRJET Journal
This document discusses joints used in bridge structures. It begins with an introduction to the role of joints in accommodating thermal movements in concrete bridges. It then reviews the literature on different types of joints. The main types discussed are construction joints, expansion joints, and contraction joints. Expansion joints allow for movements from temperature changes, shrinkage, and loading. The document outlines several specific types of expansion joints used in bridges, including buried joints, asphaltic plug joints, and strip seal expansion joints. It also discusses longitudinal joints and common defects seen in bridge joints, such as overloading, rutting of surfaces, and improper sealing of cracks.
IRJET- Ultimate Load Bearing Capacity and Settlement of Triangular Screw Pile...IRJET Journal
This document discusses the load bearing capacity and settlement of triangular screw piles based on design parameters. It presents the results of a finite element method (FEM) analysis that models different screw pile geometries to compare the effects of varying the helical pitch. The analysis found that a screw pile with a triangular thread and 80mm pitch had the maximum load bearing capacity and minimum settlement compared to models with 60mm and 45mm pitch. The maximum deformation was 0.03781m and stresses were highest at the pile tip, reaching 1.0865e6. Piles with a smaller pitch of 45mm had less sliding than those with a larger 10mm pitch, indicating that a smaller helical pitch improves load transfer and reduces settlement.
IRJET - Research on Design of Semi-Polygonal Segment of Submerged Floating Tu...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on the design of semi-polygonal segments for a submerged floating tunnel. Key points include:
- The tunnel would float due to buoyancy and be held in place by tethers or bracings between two tunnels.
- Materials used include aluminum 6061 for the outer layer, reinforced concrete for the inner layer and structure, and expanded polystyrene foam as an insulator.
- Calculations were done to determine buoyancy to weight ratios for different segment lengths (100m, 250m, 450m) to ensure stability and proper submergence under water. Ratios of over 1 were achieved, allowing the segments to float safely.
IRJET- Water Supply through Underground Tunnel from Thane to Bhandup using TBMIRJET Journal
The document summarizes a project to construct an underground water supply tunnel from Thane to Bhandup in Mumbai, India using a tunnel boring machine (TBM). The key points are:
1) The existing above-ground pipelines in Mumbai are over 100 years old and prone to corrosion, leaks and bursts. A new underground tunnel is needed to reliably supply the city's growing water demands.
2) An 8.3 km tunnel will be bored using a TBM from Kapurbawdi in Thane to Bhandup, reaching depths of 108m and 125m respectively.
3) Using a TBM allows the tunnel to be constructed much faster (18 months vs 5 years) through dense urban
IRJET- Numerical Analysis of Hyperloop Transportation StructureIRJET Journal
This document analyzes the dynamics of Hyperloop transportation structure through numerical modeling and simulation. It summarizes:
1) A Hyperloop tube model was created in ANSYS and subjected to static and dynamic load analysis to study deformations and vibrational response.
2) Static analysis showed maximum deformations occurred in the middle of the tube under a 20 tonne load.
3) Dynamic analysis applied a time-varying load simulation of a Hyperloop pod traveling at 900kph to model transient response, with maximum total deformation observed.
Design of Experiments and Optimization of Grouted Connections of Wind Turbine...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper that examines the design of experiments and optimization of grouted connections in steel monopile foundations for offshore wind turbines. The paper analyzes monopile foundations both with and without shear keys using finite element analysis in ANSYS. Key findings from the analysis include:
1) Boundary conditions were applied with a vertical load of 3528000N on the grout for monopiles both with and without shear keys.
2) A design of experiments approach was used to determine the effect of varying parameters on response variables. Sensitivity charts, histograms, and correlation matrices were used to analyze results.
3) Preliminary results showed preferable stresses for monopiles with shear keys compared to those without.
Failure Analysis of Expansion Joints (Bellows)IRJET Journal
This document describes a failure analysis of expansion joints (bellows) used in ductwork. Expansion joints are designed to absorb thermal expansion and contraction of materials as well as vibrations. The failures of bellows in a particular duct system are investigated through finite element analysis and analytical calculations. A 3mm thick stainless steel bellow design failed, so modifications including increasing the thickness to 6mm and changing the material were analyzed. The stresses in the modified 6mm thick bellow design were found to be lower than in the original 3mm design based on FEA and analytical calculations. The objectives, scope, analytical calculations, FEA methodology and results are summarized. The conclusions determined the stresses developed are highest at the root and tangent lengths of the
1. The document discusses pipe conveyors, which are used to transport bulk materials in difficult terrain and weather conditions. They have several advantages over traditional belt conveyors.
2. It describes improvements in pipe conveyor belt design through testing and modeling to optimize belt stiffness for curves and reduce power consumption. New belt designs like Confine belts have improved stability.
3. Dynamic analysis of starting and stopping behavior is discussed. It allows optimization of conveyor control systems for safety during emergency stops or loading/unloading.
REVIEW OF THE ROLE OF JOINTS USAGE IN BRIDGE STRUCTURESIRJET Journal
This document discusses joints used in bridge structures. It begins with an introduction to the role of joints in accommodating thermal movements in concrete bridges. It then reviews the literature on different types of joints. The main types discussed are construction joints, expansion joints, and contraction joints. Expansion joints allow for movements from temperature changes, shrinkage, and loading. The document outlines several specific types of expansion joints used in bridges, including buried joints, asphaltic plug joints, and strip seal expansion joints. It also discusses longitudinal joints and common defects seen in bridge joints, such as overloading, rutting of surfaces, and improper sealing of cracks.
IRJET- Ultimate Load Bearing Capacity and Settlement of Triangular Screw Pile...IRJET Journal
This document discusses the load bearing capacity and settlement of triangular screw piles based on design parameters. It presents the results of a finite element method (FEM) analysis that models different screw pile geometries to compare the effects of varying the helical pitch. The analysis found that a screw pile with a triangular thread and 80mm pitch had the maximum load bearing capacity and minimum settlement compared to models with 60mm and 45mm pitch. The maximum deformation was 0.03781m and stresses were highest at the pile tip, reaching 1.0865e6. Piles with a smaller pitch of 45mm had less sliding than those with a larger 10mm pitch, indicating that a smaller helical pitch improves load transfer and reduces settlement.
IRJET - Research on Design of Semi-Polygonal Segment of Submerged Floating Tu...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on the design of semi-polygonal segments for a submerged floating tunnel. Key points include:
- The tunnel would float due to buoyancy and be held in place by tethers or bracings between two tunnels.
- Materials used include aluminum 6061 for the outer layer, reinforced concrete for the inner layer and structure, and expanded polystyrene foam as an insulator.
- Calculations were done to determine buoyancy to weight ratios for different segment lengths (100m, 250m, 450m) to ensure stability and proper submergence under water. Ratios of over 1 were achieved, allowing the segments to float safely.
IRJET- Water Supply through Underground Tunnel from Thane to Bhandup using TBMIRJET Journal
The document summarizes a project to construct an underground water supply tunnel from Thane to Bhandup in Mumbai, India using a tunnel boring machine (TBM). The key points are:
1) The existing above-ground pipelines in Mumbai are over 100 years old and prone to corrosion, leaks and bursts. A new underground tunnel is needed to reliably supply the city's growing water demands.
2) An 8.3 km tunnel will be bored using a TBM from Kapurbawdi in Thane to Bhandup, reaching depths of 108m and 125m respectively.
3) Using a TBM allows the tunnel to be constructed much faster (18 months vs 5 years) through dense urban
IRJET- Numerical Analysis of Hyperloop Transportation StructureIRJET Journal
This document analyzes the dynamics of Hyperloop transportation structure through numerical modeling and simulation. It summarizes:
1) A Hyperloop tube model was created in ANSYS and subjected to static and dynamic load analysis to study deformations and vibrational response.
2) Static analysis showed maximum deformations occurred in the middle of the tube under a 20 tonne load.
3) Dynamic analysis applied a time-varying load simulation of a Hyperloop pod traveling at 900kph to model transient response, with maximum total deformation observed.
Design of Experiments and Optimization of Grouted Connections of Wind Turbine...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper that examines the design of experiments and optimization of grouted connections in steel monopile foundations for offshore wind turbines. The paper analyzes monopile foundations both with and without shear keys using finite element analysis in ANSYS. Key findings from the analysis include:
1) Boundary conditions were applied with a vertical load of 3528000N on the grout for monopiles both with and without shear keys.
2) A design of experiments approach was used to determine the effect of varying parameters on response variables. Sensitivity charts, histograms, and correlation matrices were used to analyze results.
3) Preliminary results showed preferable stresses for monopiles with shear keys compared to those without.
Failure Analysis of Expansion Joints (Bellows)IRJET Journal
This document describes a failure analysis of expansion joints (bellows) used in ductwork. Expansion joints are designed to absorb thermal expansion and contraction of materials as well as vibrations. The failures of bellows in a particular duct system are investigated through finite element analysis and analytical calculations. A 3mm thick stainless steel bellow design failed, so modifications including increasing the thickness to 6mm and changing the material were analyzed. The stresses in the modified 6mm thick bellow design were found to be lower than in the original 3mm design based on FEA and analytical calculations. The objectives, scope, analytical calculations, FEA methodology and results are summarized. The conclusions determined the stresses developed are highest at the root and tangent lengths of the
IRJET- Finite Element Analysis of Stempipe Used in Deepwater Pipeline Install...IRJET Journal
This document discusses the finite element analysis of a stem pipe used in deepwater pipeline installation via the J-lay method. A stem pipe is designed to withstand the high bending moments experienced during initial pipeline installation and prevent pipe failure. The stem pipe is modeled in Solidworks and imported into ANSYS for stress analysis under installation loads including tension and bending moment. The stress results are compared between a normal pipe and the designed stem pipe to verify that the stem pipe meets allowable stress criteria for safe installation of deepwater pipelines.
Analysing the role of Cable Anchor in Hydroelectric project A case studyIRJET Journal
This document discusses the use of cable anchors in slope stabilization projects for hydroelectric dams. Cable anchors are tensioned steel cables grouted into drilled holes that reinforce slopes by transferring tensile stresses to the soil. The document outlines the methodology for installing cable anchors, including drilling anchor holes, assembling and installing the cable anchors, grouting them, and stressing and testing them. It also discusses tests conducted on grout mixes to ensure proper strength and performance when anchoring cables in soil. The cable anchor system described is being used to stabilize slopes during excavation of a powerhouse cavern for a hydroelectric project in the Himalayan region.
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
IRJET- Sleeper Design using Fibre ReinforcementIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design of a pre-stressed concrete railway sleeper using plastic fiber reinforcement. It begins with an introduction to railway sleepers and their purpose to support rails and transfer loads. It then discusses the benefits of using pre-stressed concrete sleepers over other materials like timber. The objective of this project is to use plastic fiber reinforcement and silica to achieve strength and economy. Literature on sleeper design was reviewed from previous studies. The document outlines the casting procedure used which involves threading plastic fiber pipes for reinforcement within the concrete. It presents the results of compressive strength tests on samples and concludes that the plastic fiber reinforcement provides strength at less cost than traditional steel reinforcement.
IRJET- Effect of Pile Cap Thickness Variation on Load Carrying Capacity o...IRJET Journal
This document analyzes the effect of pile cap thickness variation on the load carrying capacity of piled foundations in a tall reinforced concrete building. A 56-story RC building is modeled in ETABS and its piled foundation is analyzed in SAFE. The analysis shows that increasing the pile cap thickness from 1m to 3m decreases the maximum settlement from 14.58mm to 9.31mm and decreases the differential settlement from 13.43mm to 8.34mm. However, increasing the pile cap thickness also increases the maximum positive and negative bending moments in the pile cap. The study concludes that increasing the pile cap thickness improves the load carrying capacity of the piled foundation by reducing settlements, but also increases bending stresses in the pile cap.
IRJET- Experimental Investigation on RCC Long Hollow Circular Columns with FR...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental investigation on reinforcing concrete columns with fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) jacketing. Circular reinforced concrete columns with both solid and hollow cross-sections were tested under axial compression loads. The columns were either conventionally reinforced or confined with external FRP wrapping. Test results showed that FRP-confined hollow columns exhibited a 35% increase in ultimate load capacity compared to unconfined hollow columns. FRP jacketing also improved ductility by reducing axial and lateral deformations at high loads. The study demonstrates that FRP confinement enhances the strength and deformation capacity of hollow reinforced concrete columns.
IRJET- Analysis and Design of a Bridge at Bhoothathankettu BarrageIRJET Journal
This document summarizes the analysis and design of a bridge at Bhoothathankettu Barrage in Kerala, India. The bridge has a total span of 211 meters divided into 10 spans of 21.1 meters each. STAAD Pro software was used to analyze the bridge. The superstructure consists of prestressed concrete girders and the substructure consists of reinforced concrete. Details of the deck slab, cantilever portion, longitudinal girders, cross girders, and bearings are provided. The prestressing losses at various stages are calculated. The results of the STAAD analysis including bending moment and shear force diagrams are presented.
Comparative Study of MIVAN Formwork with Tunnel form System for High Rise Bui...IRJET Journal
This document compares tunnel formwork and aluminum formwork systems for use in high-rise building construction. Tunnel formwork has a higher initial cost but lower cycle times of 1-3 days compared to 8-14 days for aluminum formwork. While aluminum formwork has lower costs, tunnel formwork is more economical for projects with over 450 repetitions due to its faster cycle time and ability to be reused up to 500 times. The document concludes that though tunnel formwork has a higher initial investment and operational costs, it offers reduced construction schedules and is ultimately more cost-effective for large, high-rise buildings.
IRJET- Study of Static Analysis on Conventional and Oblique Prestressed C...IRJET Journal
This document presents a study comparing the static analysis of conventional and oblique prestressed concrete bridge superstructures. The study models and analyzes both types of bridge designs using CSi Bridge software. Conventional prestressing uses tendons running longitudinally along the girders, while oblique prestressing orients the tendons at a 45 degree angle to apply prestress transversely. The analysis found that oblique prestressing can eliminate the need for transverse joints and reduce slab thickness compared to conventional methods. Increasing the spacing of oblique tendons was also analyzed to study its effects.
STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOUR OF SQUARE AND ELLIPTICAL CROSS SECTIONS OF STEEL TUBULAR...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on modeling the structural behavior of steel tubular columns with square and elliptical cross-sections connected by deconstructable splice joints. Finite element models of the joints were created in ANSYS to study their behavior under various loads. A literature review established the benefits of deconstructable steel structures. The model was validated by comparing its cyclic loading test results to experimental data. Parametric studies then evaluated the effects of splice thickness, length, bolt diameter, and pattern on the structural response of square columns under axial loads. An elliptical column model was also developed using the validated square column model.
IRJET- Effect of Steel Ratio and Mineral Admixtures on Short ColumnsIRJET Journal
The document summarizes an experimental study on the effect of lateral reinforcement and mineral admixtures on short concrete columns. In the first phase, short columns were cast with varying volumetric ratios and spacing of lateral steel reinforcement. In the second phase, rice husk ash (RHA) was used as a mineral admixture in short columns. The columns were tested to determine their ultimate load capacity. Test results showed that increasing the volumetric ratio of steel reinforcement and using 10% RHA both increased the strength and ductility of the columns. Brittle failure was observed in columns without RHA or tightly spaced reinforcement. Zones of rupture at the top and bottom decreased with less reinforcement spacing. Compressive strength generally increased with the
IRJET- Experimental Study on Buckling Behaviour of Cold-Formed Steel Sect...IRJET Journal
1. The study experimentally investigates the buckling behavior of cold-formed steel channel sections under compression.
2. Two section types were tested: back-to-back lipped channel sections and face-to-face lipped channel sections.
3. The back-to-back section exhibited higher load capacity and lower deflection than the face-to-face section, indicating it performed better under compression loading.
IRJET- Experimental Study on Buckling Behaviour of Cold-Formed Steel SectionsIRJET Journal
The document presents an experimental study on the buckling behavior of cold-formed steel sections under compression. Two types of cold-formed steel column sections - back to back lipped channel section and face to face lipped channel section - were tested. The back to back section showed higher load capacity and lesser deflection compared to the face to face section. Load-deflection and load-strain curves were obtained from the experiment. The back to back section failed at 155kN load with 3.8mm deflection, while the face to face section failed at 100kN load with 5.19mm deflection. Thus, the study concluded that the back to back section with lips has a higher load carrying capacity.
SEISMIC ANALYSIS OF TRANSFER SLAB STRUCTURE WITH DIFFERENT GEOMETRYIRJET Journal
This document analyzes the seismic performance of different structural geometries for a 35-story building with a transfer slab system. Four structural models are considered: square, equilateral triangle, circle, and pentagon shapes. The models are analyzed using ETABS software for zone 2 and zone 5 seismic zones. Results show that the triangular structure had the shortest period and was more rigid than other structures. The pentagon structure had the highest base shear while the square and triangle structures had the lowest. Story drift was higher when considering second-order P-Delta effects. Displacement increased by 20% with P-Delta analysis compared to static analysis. The study evaluates parameters like displacement, drift, period, and base shear to determine the best structural
IRJET- Experimental Study on Behaviour of Strengthened R.C.C Column using Ext...IRJET Journal
The document presents an experimental study that investigated the behavior and load carrying capacity of reinforced concrete columns strengthened with external steel confinement. Four column specimens were tested: one unconfined conventional column, two confined with steel battens, and one with additional steel rods. The confined columns exhibited higher load capacities, energy absorption, and ductility than the conventional column. The top, middle, and bottom batten confinement provided the highest resistance to loading and failure initiated by buckling of the steel angles after yielding. The study demonstrated that external steel confinement can effectively strengthen reinforced concrete columns.
IRJET- Analysis of Different Configurations of Buckle Arrestors for Offsh...IRJET Journal
This document analyzes the buckling behavior of offshore pipelines under axial compressive loads using finite element analysis. Three configurations of pipelines with different lengths (4m, 8m, 12m) were modeled with two types of buckle arrestors - a ring arrestor and rectangular pin arrestor. The critical buckling loads were determined and compared to a simple hollow pipe section. For all configurations, the rectangular pin arrestor produced the highest critical buckling load, indicating it is more effective at mitigating buckling than the ring arrestor. The study aims to identify the optimal buckle arrestor design that can carry the highest buckling load.
IRJET - Experimental Investigation of Prefabricated Bituminous Wearing CourseIRJET Journal
The document describes an experimental investigation into prefabricated bituminous wearing courses for roads. It details the manufacturing and laying processes for prefabricated road sections made of polymer-modified asphalt. Test results showed that these prefabricated sections maintained good density under traffic loads when the polymer content in the asphalt was at least 10%, and provided sufficient slip resistance.
IRJET - Repair and Rehabilitation of Reinforced Concrete BridgeIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper on repairing and rehabilitating a deteriorated reinforced concrete bridge. The paper discusses how bridges often require repair to restore structural integrity and protect reinforcement from weathering. It then details the specific repair project of a three-span bridge in India. The repairs included removing and replacing damaged concrete, strengthening structural elements, replacing bearings, and treating expansion joints. Monitoring equipment was used to evaluate the bridge's behavior before and after rehabilitation. The results showed the techniques successfully strengthened the bridge's load capacity and extended its usable lifespan.
Structural Health Monitoring and Strengthening Of BridgesEditor IJCATR
This paper presents one bridge which were either rehabilitated or strengthened by using FRP composites. The resulting structure was then tested for the effect after using FRP composites for Rehabilitation and strengthening. In this paper, Structural Health Monitoring basics are covered and need for SHM in future in or India scenario. Use of FRP composites in Rehabilitation and Strengthening of structures is becoming increasingly popular and is opening new possibilities in construction and rehabilitation of structures.
Structural Health Monitoring and Strengthening Of BridgesStructural Health Mo...Editor IJCATR
This paper presents one bridge which were either rehabilitated or strengthened by using FRP composites. The resulting
structure was then tested for the effect after using FRP composites for Rehabilitation and strengthening. In this paper, Structural
Health Monitoring basics are covered and need for SHM in future in or India scenario. Use of FRP composites in Rehabilitation
and Strengthening of structures is becoming increasingly popular and is opening new possibilities in construction and rehabilitation
of structures.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...IRJET Journal
This study compares the use of Stark Steel and TMT Steel as reinforcement materials in a two-way reinforced concrete slab. Mechanical testing is conducted to determine the tensile strength, yield strength, and other properties of each material. A two-way slab design adhering to codes and standards is executed with both materials. The performance is analyzed in terms of deflection, stability under loads, and displacement. Cost analyses accounting for material, durability, maintenance, and life cycle costs are also conducted. The findings provide insights into the economic and structural implications of each material for reinforcement selection and recommendations on the most suitable material based on the analysis.
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This document analyzes the seismic performance of different structural geometries for a 35-story building with a transfer slab system. Four structural models are considered: square, equilateral triangle, circle, and pentagon shapes. The models are analyzed using ETABS software for zone 2 and zone 5 seismic zones. Results show that the triangular structure had the shortest period and was more rigid than other structures. The pentagon structure had the highest base shear while the square and triangle structures had the lowest. Story drift was higher when considering second-order P-Delta effects. Displacement increased by 20% with P-Delta analysis compared to static analysis. The study evaluates parameters like displacement, drift, period, and base shear to determine the best structural
IRJET- Experimental Study on Behaviour of Strengthened R.C.C Column using Ext...IRJET Journal
The document presents an experimental study that investigated the behavior and load carrying capacity of reinforced concrete columns strengthened with external steel confinement. Four column specimens were tested: one unconfined conventional column, two confined with steel battens, and one with additional steel rods. The confined columns exhibited higher load capacities, energy absorption, and ductility than the conventional column. The top, middle, and bottom batten confinement provided the highest resistance to loading and failure initiated by buckling of the steel angles after yielding. The study demonstrated that external steel confinement can effectively strengthen reinforced concrete columns.
IRJET- Analysis of Different Configurations of Buckle Arrestors for Offsh...IRJET Journal
This document analyzes the buckling behavior of offshore pipelines under axial compressive loads using finite element analysis. Three configurations of pipelines with different lengths (4m, 8m, 12m) were modeled with two types of buckle arrestors - a ring arrestor and rectangular pin arrestor. The critical buckling loads were determined and compared to a simple hollow pipe section. For all configurations, the rectangular pin arrestor produced the highest critical buckling load, indicating it is more effective at mitigating buckling than the ring arrestor. The study aims to identify the optimal buckle arrestor design that can carry the highest buckling load.
IRJET - Experimental Investigation of Prefabricated Bituminous Wearing CourseIRJET Journal
The document describes an experimental investigation into prefabricated bituminous wearing courses for roads. It details the manufacturing and laying processes for prefabricated road sections made of polymer-modified asphalt. Test results showed that these prefabricated sections maintained good density under traffic loads when the polymer content in the asphalt was at least 10%, and provided sufficient slip resistance.
IRJET - Repair and Rehabilitation of Reinforced Concrete BridgeIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper on repairing and rehabilitating a deteriorated reinforced concrete bridge. The paper discusses how bridges often require repair to restore structural integrity and protect reinforcement from weathering. It then details the specific repair project of a three-span bridge in India. The repairs included removing and replacing damaged concrete, strengthening structural elements, replacing bearings, and treating expansion joints. Monitoring equipment was used to evaluate the bridge's behavior before and after rehabilitation. The results showed the techniques successfully strengthened the bridge's load capacity and extended its usable lifespan.
Structural Health Monitoring and Strengthening Of BridgesEditor IJCATR
This paper presents one bridge which were either rehabilitated or strengthened by using FRP composites. The resulting structure was then tested for the effect after using FRP composites for Rehabilitation and strengthening. In this paper, Structural Health Monitoring basics are covered and need for SHM in future in or India scenario. Use of FRP composites in Rehabilitation and Strengthening of structures is becoming increasingly popular and is opening new possibilities in construction and rehabilitation of structures.
Structural Health Monitoring and Strengthening Of BridgesStructural Health Mo...Editor IJCATR
This paper presents one bridge which were either rehabilitated or strengthened by using FRP composites. The resulting
structure was then tested for the effect after using FRP composites for Rehabilitation and strengthening. In this paper, Structural
Health Monitoring basics are covered and need for SHM in future in or India scenario. Use of FRP composites in Rehabilitation
and Strengthening of structures is becoming increasingly popular and is opening new possibilities in construction and rehabilitation
of structures.
Similar to Analyzing the role of Segmental lining in the tunnels with Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) at Vishnugad Pipalkoti Hydroelectric project (4*111 MW). A case study (20)
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...IRJET Journal
This study compares the use of Stark Steel and TMT Steel as reinforcement materials in a two-way reinforced concrete slab. Mechanical testing is conducted to determine the tensile strength, yield strength, and other properties of each material. A two-way slab design adhering to codes and standards is executed with both materials. The performance is analyzed in terms of deflection, stability under loads, and displacement. Cost analyses accounting for material, durability, maintenance, and life cycle costs are also conducted. The findings provide insights into the economic and structural implications of each material for reinforcement selection and recommendations on the most suitable material based on the analysis.
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil CharacteristicsIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study analyzing the effect of camber, position of camber, and angle of attack on the aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils. Sixteen modified asymmetric NACA airfoils were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) by varying the camber, camber position, and angle of attack. The results showed the relationship between these parameters and the lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and lift to drag ratio. This provides insight into how changes in airfoil geometry impact aerodynamic performance.
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the progress and challenges of aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs), focusing on their fabrication processes and applications. It discusses how various aluminum MMCs have been developed using reinforcements like borides, carbides, oxides, and nitrides to improve mechanical and wear properties. These composites have gained prominence for their lightweight, high-strength and corrosion resistance properties. The document also examines recent advancements in fabrication techniques for aluminum MMCs and their growing applications in industries such as aerospace and automotive. However, it notes that challenges remain around issues like improper mixing of reinforcements and reducing reinforcement agglomeration.
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research on using graph neural networks (GNNs) for dynamic optimization of public transportation networks in real-time. GNNs represent transit networks as graphs with nodes as stops and edges as connections. The GNN model aims to optimize networks using real-time data on vehicle locations, arrival times, and passenger loads. This helps increase mobility, decrease traffic, and improve efficiency. The system continuously trains and infers to adapt to changing transit conditions, providing decision support tools. While research has focused on performance, more work is needed on security, socio-economic impacts, contextual generalization of models, continuous learning approaches, and effective real-time visualization.
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research project that aims to compare the structural performance of conventional slab and grid slab systems in multi-story buildings using ETABS software. The study will analyze both symmetric and asymmetric building models under various loading conditions. Parameters like deflections, moments, shears, and stresses will be examined to evaluate the structural effectiveness of each slab type. The results will provide insights into the comparative behavior of conventional and grid slabs to help engineers and architects select appropriate slab systems based on building layouts and design requirements.
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes and reviews a research paper on the seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures with plan and vertical irregularities, with and without infill walls. It discusses how infill walls can improve or reduce the seismic performance of RC buildings, depending on factors like wall layout, height distribution, connection to the frame, and relative stiffness of walls and frames. The reviewed research paper analyzes the behavior of infill walls, effects of vertical irregularities, and seismic performance of high-rise structures under linear static and dynamic analysis. It studies response characteristics like story drift, deflection and shear. The document also provides literature on similar research investigating the effects of infill walls, soft stories, plan irregularities, and different
This document provides a review of machine learning techniques used in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). It begins with an abstract that summarizes key applications of machine learning in ADAS, including object detection, recognition, and decision-making. The introduction discusses the integration of machine learning in ADAS and how it is transforming vehicle safety. The literature review then examines several research papers on topics like lightweight deep learning models for object detection and lane detection models using image processing. It concludes by discussing challenges and opportunities in the field, such as improving algorithm robustness and adaptability.
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes temperature and precipitation trends in Asosa District, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia from 1993 to 2022 based on data from the local meteorological station. The results show:
1) The average maximum and minimum annual temperatures have generally decreased over time, with maximum temperatures decreasing by a factor of -0.0341 and minimum by -0.0152.
2) Mann-Kendall tests found the decreasing temperature trends to be statistically significant for annual maximum temperatures but not for annual minimum temperatures.
3) Annual precipitation in Asosa District showed a statistically significant increasing trend.
The conclusions recommend development planners account for rising summer precipitation and declining temperatures in
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD ProIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design and analysis of pre-engineered building (PEB) framed structures using STAAD Pro software. It provides an overview of PEBs, including that they are designed off-site with building trusses and beams produced in a factory. STAAD Pro is identified as a key tool for modeling, analyzing, and designing PEBs to ensure their performance and safety under various load scenarios. The document outlines modeling structural parts in STAAD Pro, evaluating structural reactions, assigning loads, and following international design codes and standards. In summary, STAAD Pro is used to design and analyze PEB framed structures to ensure safety and code compliance.
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on innovative fiber integration methods for reinforcing concrete structures. It discusses studies that have explored using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with recycled plastic aggregates to develop more sustainable strengthening techniques. It also examines using ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete to improve shear strength in beams. Additional topics covered include the dynamic responses of FRP-strengthened beams under static and impact loads, and the performance of preloaded CFRP-strengthened fiber reinforced concrete beams. The review highlights the potential of fiber composites to enable more sustainable and resilient construction practices.
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a survey on securing patient healthcare data in cloud-based systems. It discusses using technologies like facial recognition, smart cards, and cloud computing combined with strong encryption to securely store patient data. The survey found that healthcare professionals believe digitizing patient records and storing them in a centralized cloud system would improve access during emergencies and enable more efficient care compared to paper-based systems. However, ensuring privacy and security of patient data is paramount as healthcare incorporates these digital technologies.
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridgesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes several studies that have been conducted on widening existing concrete bridges. It describes a study from China that examined load distribution factors for a bridge widened with composite steel-concrete girders. It also outlines challenges and solutions for widening a bridge in the UAE, including replacing bearings and stitching the new and existing structures. Additionally, it discusses two bridge widening projects in New Zealand that involved adding precast beams and stitching to connect structures. Finally, safety measures and challenges for strengthening a historic bridge in Switzerland under live traffic are presented.
React based fullstack edtech web applicationIRJET Journal
The document describes the architecture of an educational technology web application built using the MERN stack. It discusses the frontend developed with ReactJS, backend with NodeJS and ExpressJS, and MongoDB database. The frontend provides dynamic user interfaces, while the backend offers APIs for authentication, course management, and other functions. MongoDB enables flexible data storage. The architecture aims to provide a scalable, responsive platform for online learning.
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...IRJET Journal
This paper proposes integrating Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies to help implement objectives of India's National Education Policy (NEP) in the education sector. The paper discusses how blockchain could be used for secure student data management, credential verification, and decentralized learning platforms. IoT devices could create smart classrooms, automate attendance tracking, and enable real-time monitoring. Blockchain would ensure integrity of exam processes and resource allocation, while smart contracts automate agreements. The paper argues this integration has potential to revolutionize education by making it more secure, transparent and efficient, in alignment with NEP goals. However, challenges like infrastructure needs, data privacy, and collaborative efforts are also discussed.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on the performance of coconut fibre reinforced concrete. It summarizes several studies that tested different volume fractions and lengths of coconut fibres in concrete mixtures with varying compressive strengths. The studies found that coconut fibre improved properties like tensile strength, toughness, crack resistance, and spalling resistance compared to plain concrete. Volume fractions of 2-5% and fibre lengths of 20-50mm produced the best results. The document concludes that using a 4-5% volume fraction of coconut fibres 30-40mm in length with M30-M60 grade concrete would provide benefits based on previous research.
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...IRJET Journal
The document discusses optimizing business management processes through automation using Microsoft Power Automate and artificial intelligence. It provides an overview of Power Automate's key components and features for automating workflows across various apps and services. The document then presents several scenarios applying automation solutions to common business processes like data entry, monitoring, HR, finance, customer support, and more. It estimates the potential time and cost savings from implementing automation for each scenario. Finally, the conclusion emphasizes the transformative impact of AI and automation tools on business processes and the need for ongoing optimization.
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic DesignIRJET Journal
The document describes the seismic design of a G+5 steel building frame located in Roorkee, India according to Indian codes IS 1893-2002 and IS 800. The frame was analyzed using the equivalent static load method and response spectrum method, and its response in terms of displacements and shear forces were compared. Based on the analysis, the frame was designed as a seismic-resistant steel structure according to IS 800:2007. The software STAAD Pro was used for the analysis and design.
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...IRJET Journal
This research paper explores using plastic waste as a sustainable and cost-effective construction material. The study focuses on manufacturing pavers and bricks using recycled plastic and partially replacing concrete with plastic alternatives. Initial results found that pavers and bricks made from recycled plastic demonstrate comparable strength and durability to traditional materials while providing environmental and cost benefits. Additionally, preliminary research indicates incorporating plastic waste as a partial concrete replacement significantly reduces construction costs without compromising structural integrity. The outcomes suggest adopting plastic waste in construction can address plastic pollution while optimizing costs, promoting more sustainable building practices.
Solving Linear Differential Equations with Constant CoefficientsIRJET Journal
1) The document discusses methods for finding the solutions to linear differential equations with constant coefficients. It defines such an equation and explains that the complete solution is the combination of the complementary function (C.F.) and particular integral (P.I.).
2) Various methods are presented for determining the C.F. depending on whether the roots of the auxiliary equation are real, imaginary, repeated, etc.
3) Rules are provided for obtaining the P.I. based on the type of function involved (exponential, trigonometric, power, etc.). Examples are worked through to demonstrate the full solution process.
Data Communication and Computer Networks Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
Networking is a telecommunications network that allows computers to exchange data. In
computer networks, networked computing devices pass data to each other along data
connections. Data is transferred in the form of packets. The connections between nodes are
established using either cable media or wireless media.
Sachpazis_Consolidation Settlement Calculation Program-The Python Code and th...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Consolidation Settlement Calculation Program-The Python Code
By Professor Dr. Costas Sachpazis, Civil Engineer & Geologist
This program calculates the consolidation settlement for a foundation based on soil layer properties and foundation data. It allows users to input multiple soil layers and foundation characteristics to determine the total settlement.
Cricket management system ptoject report.pdfKamal Acharya
The aim of this project is to provide the complete information of the National and
International statistics. The information is available country wise and player wise. By
entering the data of eachmatch, we can get all type of reports instantly, which will be
useful to call back history of each player. Also the team performance in each match can
be obtained. We can get a report on number of matches, wins and lost.
Particle Swarm Optimization–Long Short-Term Memory based Channel Estimation w...IJCNCJournal
Paper Title
Particle Swarm Optimization–Long Short-Term Memory based Channel Estimation with Hybrid Beam Forming Power Transfer in WSN-IoT Applications
Authors
Reginald Jude Sixtus J and Tamilarasi Muthu, Puducherry Technological University, India
Abstract
Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) helps to overcome various difficulties in future technology wireless communications. NOMA, when utilized with millimeter wave multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, channel estimation becomes extremely difficult. For reaping the benefits of the NOMA and mm-Wave combination, effective channel estimation is required. In this paper, we propose an enhanced particle swarm optimization based long short-term memory estimator network (PSOLSTMEstNet), which is a neural network model that can be employed to forecast the bandwidth required in the mm-Wave MIMO network. The prime advantage of the LSTM is that it has the capability of dynamically adapting to the functioning pattern of fluctuating channel state. The LSTM stage with adaptive coding and modulation enhances the BER.PSO algorithm is employed to optimize input weights of LSTM network. The modified algorithm splits the power by channel condition of every single user. Participants will be first sorted into distinct groups depending upon respective channel conditions, using a hybrid beamforming approach. The network characteristics are fine-estimated using PSO-LSTMEstNet after a rough approximation of channels parameters derived from the received data.
Keywords
Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR), Bit Error Rate (BER), mm-Wave, MIMO, NOMA, deep learning, optimization.
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Here's where you can reach us : ijcnc@airccse.org or ijcnc@aircconline.com
We have designed & manufacture the Lubi Valves LBF series type of Butterfly Valves for General Utility Water applications as well as for HVAC applications.
Sri Guru Hargobind Ji - Bandi Chor Guru.pdfBalvir Singh
Sri Guru Hargobind Ji (19 June 1595 - 3 March 1644) is revered as the Sixth Nanak.
• On 25 May 1606 Guru Arjan nominated his son Sri Hargobind Ji as his successor. Shortly
afterwards, Guru Arjan was arrested, tortured and killed by order of the Mogul Emperor
Jahangir.
• Guru Hargobind's succession ceremony took place on 24 June 1606. He was barely
eleven years old when he became 6th Guru.
• As ordered by Guru Arjan Dev Ji, he put on two swords, one indicated his spiritual
authority (PIRI) and the other, his temporal authority (MIRI). He thus for the first time
initiated military tradition in the Sikh faith to resist religious persecution, protect
people’s freedom and independence to practice religion by choice. He transformed
Sikhs to be Saints and Soldier.
• He had a long tenure as Guru, lasting 37 years, 9 months and 3 days
Technological Innovation Management And Entrepreneurship-1.pdf
Analyzing the role of Segmental lining in the tunnels with Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) at Vishnugad Pipalkoti Hydroelectric project (4*111 MW). A case study