The document describes the design and analysis of an indexing fixture used to rotate a 6-cylinder truck engine block. The indexing fixture allows the engine block to be rotated through specific angles, improving safety, reducing time, and making the process easier compared to previous manual methods. Key components of the indexing fixture include a base to bear the engine block, left and right indexing plates, shafts, housings, and a motor providing 2.2 kW of power to rotate the fixture. Design calculations determined the maximum torque of 4254 Nm would occur at 90 degrees of rotation. The indexing fixture aims to improve ergonomics, ease of handling, safety, and reduce time compared to previous lifting and rotating of heavy engine blocks.
IRJET- Design and Modeling of Slat Conveyor for Two Wheeler Assembly LineIRJET Journal
The document describes the design and modeling of a slat conveyor for a two-wheeler assembly line. Key aspects of the design include:
- Calculating the required pull force and torque based on the total moving weight of 1200kg across 8 stations.
- Selecting conveyor chain based on a required strength of 4000kgf to withstand the pull force.
- Sizing the motor to provide 0.75kw of power at 9.12rpm to meet the torque and speed requirements at the drive shaft.
- Designing the drive shaft to withstand the maximum bending and torsional moments using a 40mm diameter shaft made of 40Cr4 material.
The conveyor is designed
This document summarizes a student project to automate the assembly of nexus components for mini circuit breakers. The existing manual process takes 15-16 seconds per assembly and produces 6 assemblies per minute. The project aims to use automation techniques like a vibratory bowl feeder, pneumatic press, proximity sensors, and a robotic arm to reduce the cycle time to 5.5 seconds and increase production to 3.5 lakh assemblies per month. The automated system uses 8 stations including component loading, pin feeding, pressing, and unloading stages to sequentially assemble the nexus.
IRJET- Design and Development of Jig and Fixture for Tacho BracketIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and development of a new fixture for machining a Tacho Bracket component. The current process requires 5 setups on different machines, including VMC, RDM, and HMC machines. This leads to long cycle times and loading/unloading of the component between machines. The new fixture is designed to complete the required operations in 2 setups on HMC machines. It utilizes hydraulic clamping to reduce loading/unloading time. Analytical calculations and FE analysis show the new fixture design is capable of withstanding the cutting forces. The new process is expected to significantly reduce the cycle time for machining each component from 47 minutes to 34 minutes.
1. The document describes the design and construction of a cam-operated punching machine.
2. The machine uses a slider-crank mechanism powered by a motor to convert rotational motion into reciprocating motion, which drives the punching operation via a cam.
3. The authors detail the fabrication process and components of the machine, which aims to automate punching for improved efficiency over manual methods.
IRJET- Design, Static, and Modal Analysis of High Speed Motorized Milling Spi...IRJET Journal
This document describes the design, static analysis, and modal analysis of a high-speed motorized milling spindle. It aims to optimize parameters that influence the spindle, which runs at 14,000 rpm with 15 kW power rating. Static deflection analysis is performed to check spindle stiffness. Modal analysis using ANSYS characterizes the spindle's dynamic behavior under different vibration modes to analyze system behavior and obtain natural frequencies and mode shapes. The document discusses the components of the spindle assembly, including the housing, shaft, bearings, and motor materials. It outlines the objectives to design and analyze the spindle using theoretical calculations, FEA, and comparing results to select the optimal design.
IRJET- Design and Development of Kinematic Linkages Variable Speed DriveIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and development of a kinematic linkages variable speed drive. It presents the synthesis, analysis, and review of a variable displacement four-bar crank-rocker-slider mechanism using low friction pin joints. The mechanism allows for stepless speed variation from 1/2 to 1/4 of the input speed under full load. It consists of four linkages, a pulley, motor, and movable screw for controlling the output shaft speed. Varying the position of the control link changes the oscillation degree of the output link to achieve different speeds. The mechanism's construction, working, design methodology, and individual component designs are discussed in detail. In conclusion, such drives can provide stepless speed
IRJET- Dynamic Analysis on Vibration GraderIRJET Journal
This document describes a study on the dynamic analysis of a vibration grader using finite element analysis. A 3D model of an existing vibration grader was created and analyzed using modal and harmonic analysis to determine critical frequencies and locations of resonance. High vibrations during operation were found to reduce the machine's lifespan. The study aims to optimize the design to eliminate resonance and increase durability by performing finite element analysis on modified models. Key parts of the vibration grader including the center beam, shafts, housing, and screen assembly were modeled. Modal analysis identified critical frequencies within the operating range. Stress analysis at these frequencies and proposed design changes aim to improve the dynamic behavior and performance of the vibration grader.
Study and Analysis of Tire Changing Machine ComponentsIRJET Journal
This document discusses the study and analysis of tire changing machine components. It aims to improve the safety of operators and reduce effort when using this machine. The authors analyze the gearbox design and components of a tire changing machine. They conduct calculations to determine the number of gear teeth and diameters. The design of a supporting arm is also analyzed to develop a semi-automatic machine for increased safety and reduced labor. The conclusions are that a tire changing machine can reduce operator effort and time while improving safety, and designing components domestically can reduce costs.
IRJET- Design and Modeling of Slat Conveyor for Two Wheeler Assembly LineIRJET Journal
The document describes the design and modeling of a slat conveyor for a two-wheeler assembly line. Key aspects of the design include:
- Calculating the required pull force and torque based on the total moving weight of 1200kg across 8 stations.
- Selecting conveyor chain based on a required strength of 4000kgf to withstand the pull force.
- Sizing the motor to provide 0.75kw of power at 9.12rpm to meet the torque and speed requirements at the drive shaft.
- Designing the drive shaft to withstand the maximum bending and torsional moments using a 40mm diameter shaft made of 40Cr4 material.
The conveyor is designed
This document summarizes a student project to automate the assembly of nexus components for mini circuit breakers. The existing manual process takes 15-16 seconds per assembly and produces 6 assemblies per minute. The project aims to use automation techniques like a vibratory bowl feeder, pneumatic press, proximity sensors, and a robotic arm to reduce the cycle time to 5.5 seconds and increase production to 3.5 lakh assemblies per month. The automated system uses 8 stations including component loading, pin feeding, pressing, and unloading stages to sequentially assemble the nexus.
IRJET- Design and Development of Jig and Fixture for Tacho BracketIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and development of a new fixture for machining a Tacho Bracket component. The current process requires 5 setups on different machines, including VMC, RDM, and HMC machines. This leads to long cycle times and loading/unloading of the component between machines. The new fixture is designed to complete the required operations in 2 setups on HMC machines. It utilizes hydraulic clamping to reduce loading/unloading time. Analytical calculations and FE analysis show the new fixture design is capable of withstanding the cutting forces. The new process is expected to significantly reduce the cycle time for machining each component from 47 minutes to 34 minutes.
1. The document describes the design and construction of a cam-operated punching machine.
2. The machine uses a slider-crank mechanism powered by a motor to convert rotational motion into reciprocating motion, which drives the punching operation via a cam.
3. The authors detail the fabrication process and components of the machine, which aims to automate punching for improved efficiency over manual methods.
IRJET- Design, Static, and Modal Analysis of High Speed Motorized Milling Spi...IRJET Journal
This document describes the design, static analysis, and modal analysis of a high-speed motorized milling spindle. It aims to optimize parameters that influence the spindle, which runs at 14,000 rpm with 15 kW power rating. Static deflection analysis is performed to check spindle stiffness. Modal analysis using ANSYS characterizes the spindle's dynamic behavior under different vibration modes to analyze system behavior and obtain natural frequencies and mode shapes. The document discusses the components of the spindle assembly, including the housing, shaft, bearings, and motor materials. It outlines the objectives to design and analyze the spindle using theoretical calculations, FEA, and comparing results to select the optimal design.
IRJET- Design and Development of Kinematic Linkages Variable Speed DriveIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and development of a kinematic linkages variable speed drive. It presents the synthesis, analysis, and review of a variable displacement four-bar crank-rocker-slider mechanism using low friction pin joints. The mechanism allows for stepless speed variation from 1/2 to 1/4 of the input speed under full load. It consists of four linkages, a pulley, motor, and movable screw for controlling the output shaft speed. Varying the position of the control link changes the oscillation degree of the output link to achieve different speeds. The mechanism's construction, working, design methodology, and individual component designs are discussed in detail. In conclusion, such drives can provide stepless speed
IRJET- Dynamic Analysis on Vibration GraderIRJET Journal
This document describes a study on the dynamic analysis of a vibration grader using finite element analysis. A 3D model of an existing vibration grader was created and analyzed using modal and harmonic analysis to determine critical frequencies and locations of resonance. High vibrations during operation were found to reduce the machine's lifespan. The study aims to optimize the design to eliminate resonance and increase durability by performing finite element analysis on modified models. Key parts of the vibration grader including the center beam, shafts, housing, and screen assembly were modeled. Modal analysis identified critical frequencies within the operating range. Stress analysis at these frequencies and proposed design changes aim to improve the dynamic behavior and performance of the vibration grader.
Study and Analysis of Tire Changing Machine ComponentsIRJET Journal
This document discusses the study and analysis of tire changing machine components. It aims to improve the safety of operators and reduce effort when using this machine. The authors analyze the gearbox design and components of a tire changing machine. They conduct calculations to determine the number of gear teeth and diameters. The design of a supporting arm is also analyzed to develop a semi-automatic machine for increased safety and reduced labor. The conclusions are that a tire changing machine can reduce operator effort and time while improving safety, and designing components domestically can reduce costs.
IRJET- Integrated Unit of Power Transmission having Combination of Clutch and...IRJET Journal
This document describes the design and analysis of a hydraulic actuated combination clutch-brake unit using analytical calculations and C programming. The unit provides both clutch and brake functions simultaneously for machines requiring frequent starting and stopping. It transmits high power through a multi-disc friction clutch and generates high braking torque through a disc brake. The design calculates the required dimensions and forces for the shaft, clutch, and brake based on input parameters like motor power, speed, material properties, number of discs, coefficients of friction, and pressure intensities. C programming is used to automate the calculations and discuss the results.
IRJET - Design Procedure and Impact of Fixed Type Automation for Billet LoadingIRJET Journal
This document describes the design of a fixed automation system for loading billets into a furnace in a forging industry. The system uses a step feeder conveyor to gradually move billets from a hopper into the furnace over 6 steps in order to maintain the thermal cycle time of 6-7 seconds. The step feeder is designed to handle 1000 billets per loading over continuous operation. Materials and components were selected to withstand the continuous high load operation, including a motor sized to provide 407 N-m of torque. Implementation of the automated billet loading system improved productivity and cycle time consistency compared to the previous manual system while eliminating safety risks and inefficiencies of human labor.
IRJET- Design, Development and Manufacturing of Tangential Feed for a CNC Gea...IRJET Journal
The document describes the design, development, and manufacturing of a tangential feed system for a CNC gear hobbing machine. It aims to improve the efficiency and accuracy of an existing conventional gear hobbing machine by retrofitting it with a ball screw drive system, servo motors, and other automated components to transform it into a CNC machine. The ball screw drive is designed to provide smooth, accurate, and efficient movement of the machine components compared to the existing lead screw system. Various components of the ball screw drive like the ball screw, bearings, and bearing housing are selected and their dimensions are calculated based on the machine specifications and load requirements to validate the design.
Comparative finite element analysis of metallic spur gear and hybrid spur gearIAEME Publication
Gear is the special division of Mechanical Engineering concerned with the transmission of power and motion between the rotating shafts. In this study, a lathe machine tumbler gear mechanism used for threading purpose is taken and applied finite element analysis methodology on each metallic
spur gears and also FEA analysis is done for hybrid spur gear with same applied load and condition to check comparative stress analysis of both metallic spur gears and hybrid spur gears.
IRJET- Design and Analysis of Steering Knuckle for Electric ATVIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and analysis of a steering knuckle for an electric all-terrain vehicle (ATV). The steering knuckle was modeled in Solidworks and analyzed in ANSYS Workbench under different loading conditions. Three materials were considered for the knuckle: mild steel AISI 1018, aluminum alloy 6082-T6, and gray cast iron. After analyzing each material's deformation and factor of safety under the loads, mild steel AISI 1018 was selected due to having the highest factor of safety of 4.27 and lowest deformation of 0.090742 mm, indicating it can withstand the loads in the safest manner.
Design of Automated Rotory Cage Type Fixture for Cylinder BlockIJERA Editor
Project gives feasible solution to move and rotate the component with full proofing fixturing for special purpose operations like drilling, Tapping, deburring, washing, drying involve in manufacturing and assembly unit of industry. Rotary cage type fixture is made for handling the cylinder head inside the cleaning machine use for making fully ready component before assembly operation .System is useful to save time manpower and deliver perfect cleaned and dry component .system involved all the mechanical components along with the sensors used to restrict the rotating operations, stop and go operations etc.
This document describes the design, CAD modeling, and fabrication of an automatic hammering machine. The authors first discuss the objectives of the project, which are to determine impact velocity and torque force of the hammer, calculate the time required for operations, model the project in CATIA V5 software, enable automation with minimal manual effort, and achieve low costs. They then describe the components of the machine, including a DC motor, hammer, disc, drive shaft, and slider crank mechanism to convert rotary to linear motion. Analytical calculations are shown for torque, impact velocity, and shear stress. Finally, the document discusses CAD modeling of the system in CATIA and provides diagrams of the prototype model.
IRJET - Fabrication of Four Way Machining by using Scotch Yoke MechanismIRJET Journal
The document describes the design and fabrication of a machine that can perform four machining operations using a single motor. It uses a scotch yoke mechanism to perform shaping and hacksaw cutting operations and a bevel gear to enable drilling and grinding. The machine is designed to reduce inventory costs and improve productivity for industries by combining multiple machining tasks into a single compact frame operated by a single-phase 1HP motor. Key components include a flywheel, scotch yoke, bevel gears, and various cutting and grinding tools.
Design, Analysis and Testing of shaft mounted speed reducer for coil winding ...IRJET Journal
This document describes the design, analysis, and testing of a shaft mounted speed reducer for a coil winding machine. The speed reducer uses an internal-external gear arrangement to reduce speed, with the external gear eccentrically mounted relative to the internal gear to achieve different speed ratios. Analytical methods were used to design the input shaft, sleeves, gears, and other components. Finite element analysis in ANSYS was also used to analyze critical parts for equivalent stress and deformation. The maximum efficiency achieved by the designed speed reducer was 93.28%.
IRJET - Performance Comparison of a Small Size Rotor with Self Induced Instab...IRJET Journal
This document presents a performance comparison of stabilizing a small size rotor experiencing self-induced instability using sliding mode control and fractional-order control. It first introduces the challenges of stabilizing small rotors due to their size, then describes a proposed smart structure with embedded sensors, controllers, and piezoelectric actuators. It analyzes the rotor instability, derives equations of motion, and calculates the critical threshold speed. Finally, it proposes using fractional-order PID control and modulating the internal damping parameter to stabilize the rotor, as this approach allows shifting the critical speed beyond the operating speed more practically than alternative control methods.
Design and Fabrication of Efficient Material Transport EquipmentIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and fabrication of an efficient material transport equipment. It uses the potential energy of the load being transported to power the linear motion of the equipment from the loading station to the unloading station. When the load is removed at the unloading station, springs that were compressed by the load release their stored energy, powering the return motion of the equipment to the loading station. The document provides details of the various mechanical components selected and calculations to verify the design can safely transmit the required forces. It discusses applications in industrial material handling and potential future improvements.
Study of Fabrication of Multipurpose Tooling MachineIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and fabrication of a multi-purpose tooling machine. The machine allows five operations - drilling, shaping, cutting, buffing, and grinding - to be performed simultaneously using a single machine. This is more efficient than separate machines for each operation as it saves space, time, and costs for industries. The machine uses a belt drive system connected to pulleys and bevel gears to transfer power from an electric motor to shafts that drive the various tools. A scotch yoke mechanism is also used to convert rotational motion to reciprocating motion for shaping. The machine aims to improve productivity while reducing production costs for industries.
IRJET- Alternative Lift Mechanism using Power Screw (20ft)IRJET Journal
This document describes an alternative lift mechanism that uses power screws instead of hydraulics for lifting platforms up to 20 feet. It proposes using two power screws connected to a motor via a speed reduction drive to lift the platform. The power screws can carry high loads and be self-locking. They require simple maintenance and reduce the overall cost and size of the lift compared to hydraulic scissor lifts. The document provides design calculations for sizing the power screws based on the lifting loads. It models and analyzes the mechanism, finding it is a viable alternative to current hydraulic scissor lifts.
Fea analysis and optimization of an one way clutch used in automatic transmis...eSAT Journals
Abstract An intent of this project is to reduce the weight of one way clutch which is being used in automotive transmission enabled sports cars. By reducing the weight we can achieve better efficiency in terms of strength and also to increase the transmission power from torque converter wherein which engaging and disengaging happens. One way roller clutch is one, when the unit rotates in one direction the rollers slip or free-wheel, but when a torque is applied in the opposite direction, the rollers lock between outer cage (cam) and inner cage, producing a wedging action and binding because of friction. The rollers are spring-loaded. Design parameters like maximum torsional deflection, minimum hoop`s stress are considered for to get increased efficiency. In order to achieve this FEA analysis and optimization technique is carried here. Optimization is the mathematical discipline which is concerned with finding the maxima and minima of functions, possibly subject to constraints. Here optimization is carried out by using the global parameters optimization technique. Keywords: FEA analysis, Global parameters, Minimum hoop`s stress, Weight
Design and fabrication of multi way hacksaw machine REPORT Eshver chandra
In this project work and effort has been made to develop a modernized multi way hacksaw machine and less stress full operation for cutting wood, metal and plastic materials. The aim of this work is to develop a hacksaw machine that will use a less effort to produce uniform cutting of PVC pipes, metals, wood. It is also done to show the performance difference between hand driven, pedal drive and multi way hacksaw machine. This model implies a conversion of rotary motion of swashplate to reciprocating motion of hacksaw blades, which is done by using Wobble Plate Mechanism. This motion is used for hacksaw machine; in this model we can operate multi hacksaws simultaneously. This model will overcome the traditional hacksaw machine which done material cutting of single piece at particular times interval and also fulfils the need of more material cutting accounts to mass production. This machine works significantly with minimum vibrations and jerks. Hence the purposed model of hacksaw machines will be welcomed by many industries due to compactness and efficiency. To achieve this goal the multi way hacksaw machine is developed.
Utilization of plc programming for gravity die casting automationeSAT Journals
The document describes utilizing a programmable logic controller to automate a gravity die casting process through PLC programming in order to increase productivity and reduce costs. It details the functional cycle and components used, including pneumatic cylinders, grippers, and a rotary actuator controlled by the PLC. Calculations are provided to determine the cylinder dimensions and cycle time needed for each step of the automated casting process.
Design & analysis of needle roller bearing at gudgeon pin of ginning machineeSAT Journals
Abstract
Needle roller bearings have high load carrying capacity although it have small cylindrical roller having low cross section,
thus it used in application where space limitation is the important factor along with high dynamic loading capacity. So in
ginning machine where space is limited for driving the mechanism a Needle roller bearing having diameter of 20 mm is
used in between connecting rod and head pin to give the relative motion between parts. As the continuous impacting of
repetitive load on bearing, it fails with in shorter period of time if proper lubricant is not supplied by grease gun after 2 to 3
hours. While bearing are considered under observation it is found that bearing are fail due to brinnelling. So design and
analysis of needle roller bearing is vital to calculate the life of bearing and to make sure whether this bearing is suitable or
not. So it becomes mandatory in designing to calculate radial load applied on bearing as the bearing is rolling contact
bearing, from this life of the bearing can be calculated and finally analysis by ANSYS software is done to find the result so
that we can conclude for bearing.
Key Words: brinneling, connecting rod, dynamic load capacity, head pin, life, radial load, repetitive load
The document describes the design of a lifting mechanism for agricultural equipment attachments. The mechanism uses wedges and a power screw actuated by hand to lift attachments like plows. It aims to provide lifting capability with reduced cost, size, and weight compared to hydraulic mechanisms. Key components include a holder, bell crank, two wedges, base, and power screw. Calculations are shown for component sizing. A prototype is tested lifting a 10kg L-shaped attachment. Analysis shows the bell crank can withstand over 300kg of load with minimal deflection and stress. The mechanism performs as intended and has potential for industrial and other lifting applications.
Design, Construction and Testing of an Electric Powered Toggle Jack MechanismIRJET Journal
This document describes the design, construction, and testing of an electric powered toggle jack mechanism. The researchers modified a conventional manual car jack by incorporating a servomotor powered by a 12V car battery. A gear system transmits the motor's torque to a power screw in order to lift loads in a powered manner. The developed jack was tested on a 1400kg Toyota Camry and could lift the vehicle while withstanding loads of up to 1550kg before thread deformation occurred. Testing showed the electric jack was over twice as fast and more efficient than a comparable manual jack. The powered toggle jack provides an easier and safer method for lifting vehicles during roadside emergencies compared to traditional manual jacks.
This document discusses the design and performance analysis of a three-phase induction motor using ANSYS RMxprt software. It describes the design process including selection of materials, geometry details of the stator and rotor, winding arrangement, and performance characteristics under rated load, no-load, and breakdown conditions. The software was used to generate 2D and 3D geometries of the motor and evaluate parameters such as efficiency, power factor, torque, and losses. The summary highlights that ANSYS RMxprt enables fast and cost-effective design of induction motors by facilitating analytical calculations, material selection, and performance analysis prior to manufacturing.
Design and Analysis of Helicopter Rotor MechanismIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and analysis of a helicopter rotor mechanism. It discusses modeling the mechanism components in Solidworks and analyzing them using rigid dynamics analysis in Ansys and computational fluid dynamics. The objectives are to design the mechanism with simple components, apply optimization to reduce stresses, and design airfoil shapes for the rotor blades. The methodology involves identifying the problem, literature review, developing objectives, modeling in Solidworks, analysis in Ansys and CFD, performance analysis through iterations, design validation, and data collection. Key components of the rotor mechanism are described along with the major assembly. Rigid dynamics analysis of the mechanism is also discussed.
Design and Development of a Quadrotor – A Didactic ApproachIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and development of a quadrotor drone. The students designed the mechanical structure using CAD software and selected aluminum as the frame material. They calculated the required thrust from the motors and selected 1000KV rating brushless DC motors. An off-the-shelf flight control board with gyroscope and accelerometer provides autonomous leveling through PI control. The fully assembled quadrotor was able to achieve stable flight upon tuning the proportional and integral gain values for roll, pitch, yaw and throttle control. The low-cost design approach makes such quadrotor systems a viable alternative for various applications.
IRJET- Integrated Unit of Power Transmission having Combination of Clutch and...IRJET Journal
This document describes the design and analysis of a hydraulic actuated combination clutch-brake unit using analytical calculations and C programming. The unit provides both clutch and brake functions simultaneously for machines requiring frequent starting and stopping. It transmits high power through a multi-disc friction clutch and generates high braking torque through a disc brake. The design calculates the required dimensions and forces for the shaft, clutch, and brake based on input parameters like motor power, speed, material properties, number of discs, coefficients of friction, and pressure intensities. C programming is used to automate the calculations and discuss the results.
IRJET - Design Procedure and Impact of Fixed Type Automation for Billet LoadingIRJET Journal
This document describes the design of a fixed automation system for loading billets into a furnace in a forging industry. The system uses a step feeder conveyor to gradually move billets from a hopper into the furnace over 6 steps in order to maintain the thermal cycle time of 6-7 seconds. The step feeder is designed to handle 1000 billets per loading over continuous operation. Materials and components were selected to withstand the continuous high load operation, including a motor sized to provide 407 N-m of torque. Implementation of the automated billet loading system improved productivity and cycle time consistency compared to the previous manual system while eliminating safety risks and inefficiencies of human labor.
IRJET- Design, Development and Manufacturing of Tangential Feed for a CNC Gea...IRJET Journal
The document describes the design, development, and manufacturing of a tangential feed system for a CNC gear hobbing machine. It aims to improve the efficiency and accuracy of an existing conventional gear hobbing machine by retrofitting it with a ball screw drive system, servo motors, and other automated components to transform it into a CNC machine. The ball screw drive is designed to provide smooth, accurate, and efficient movement of the machine components compared to the existing lead screw system. Various components of the ball screw drive like the ball screw, bearings, and bearing housing are selected and their dimensions are calculated based on the machine specifications and load requirements to validate the design.
Comparative finite element analysis of metallic spur gear and hybrid spur gearIAEME Publication
Gear is the special division of Mechanical Engineering concerned with the transmission of power and motion between the rotating shafts. In this study, a lathe machine tumbler gear mechanism used for threading purpose is taken and applied finite element analysis methodology on each metallic
spur gears and also FEA analysis is done for hybrid spur gear with same applied load and condition to check comparative stress analysis of both metallic spur gears and hybrid spur gears.
IRJET- Design and Analysis of Steering Knuckle for Electric ATVIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and analysis of a steering knuckle for an electric all-terrain vehicle (ATV). The steering knuckle was modeled in Solidworks and analyzed in ANSYS Workbench under different loading conditions. Three materials were considered for the knuckle: mild steel AISI 1018, aluminum alloy 6082-T6, and gray cast iron. After analyzing each material's deformation and factor of safety under the loads, mild steel AISI 1018 was selected due to having the highest factor of safety of 4.27 and lowest deformation of 0.090742 mm, indicating it can withstand the loads in the safest manner.
Design of Automated Rotory Cage Type Fixture for Cylinder BlockIJERA Editor
Project gives feasible solution to move and rotate the component with full proofing fixturing for special purpose operations like drilling, Tapping, deburring, washing, drying involve in manufacturing and assembly unit of industry. Rotary cage type fixture is made for handling the cylinder head inside the cleaning machine use for making fully ready component before assembly operation .System is useful to save time manpower and deliver perfect cleaned and dry component .system involved all the mechanical components along with the sensors used to restrict the rotating operations, stop and go operations etc.
This document describes the design, CAD modeling, and fabrication of an automatic hammering machine. The authors first discuss the objectives of the project, which are to determine impact velocity and torque force of the hammer, calculate the time required for operations, model the project in CATIA V5 software, enable automation with minimal manual effort, and achieve low costs. They then describe the components of the machine, including a DC motor, hammer, disc, drive shaft, and slider crank mechanism to convert rotary to linear motion. Analytical calculations are shown for torque, impact velocity, and shear stress. Finally, the document discusses CAD modeling of the system in CATIA and provides diagrams of the prototype model.
IRJET - Fabrication of Four Way Machining by using Scotch Yoke MechanismIRJET Journal
The document describes the design and fabrication of a machine that can perform four machining operations using a single motor. It uses a scotch yoke mechanism to perform shaping and hacksaw cutting operations and a bevel gear to enable drilling and grinding. The machine is designed to reduce inventory costs and improve productivity for industries by combining multiple machining tasks into a single compact frame operated by a single-phase 1HP motor. Key components include a flywheel, scotch yoke, bevel gears, and various cutting and grinding tools.
Design, Analysis and Testing of shaft mounted speed reducer for coil winding ...IRJET Journal
This document describes the design, analysis, and testing of a shaft mounted speed reducer for a coil winding machine. The speed reducer uses an internal-external gear arrangement to reduce speed, with the external gear eccentrically mounted relative to the internal gear to achieve different speed ratios. Analytical methods were used to design the input shaft, sleeves, gears, and other components. Finite element analysis in ANSYS was also used to analyze critical parts for equivalent stress and deformation. The maximum efficiency achieved by the designed speed reducer was 93.28%.
IRJET - Performance Comparison of a Small Size Rotor with Self Induced Instab...IRJET Journal
This document presents a performance comparison of stabilizing a small size rotor experiencing self-induced instability using sliding mode control and fractional-order control. It first introduces the challenges of stabilizing small rotors due to their size, then describes a proposed smart structure with embedded sensors, controllers, and piezoelectric actuators. It analyzes the rotor instability, derives equations of motion, and calculates the critical threshold speed. Finally, it proposes using fractional-order PID control and modulating the internal damping parameter to stabilize the rotor, as this approach allows shifting the critical speed beyond the operating speed more practically than alternative control methods.
Design and Fabrication of Efficient Material Transport EquipmentIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and fabrication of an efficient material transport equipment. It uses the potential energy of the load being transported to power the linear motion of the equipment from the loading station to the unloading station. When the load is removed at the unloading station, springs that were compressed by the load release their stored energy, powering the return motion of the equipment to the loading station. The document provides details of the various mechanical components selected and calculations to verify the design can safely transmit the required forces. It discusses applications in industrial material handling and potential future improvements.
Study of Fabrication of Multipurpose Tooling MachineIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and fabrication of a multi-purpose tooling machine. The machine allows five operations - drilling, shaping, cutting, buffing, and grinding - to be performed simultaneously using a single machine. This is more efficient than separate machines for each operation as it saves space, time, and costs for industries. The machine uses a belt drive system connected to pulleys and bevel gears to transfer power from an electric motor to shafts that drive the various tools. A scotch yoke mechanism is also used to convert rotational motion to reciprocating motion for shaping. The machine aims to improve productivity while reducing production costs for industries.
IRJET- Alternative Lift Mechanism using Power Screw (20ft)IRJET Journal
This document describes an alternative lift mechanism that uses power screws instead of hydraulics for lifting platforms up to 20 feet. It proposes using two power screws connected to a motor via a speed reduction drive to lift the platform. The power screws can carry high loads and be self-locking. They require simple maintenance and reduce the overall cost and size of the lift compared to hydraulic scissor lifts. The document provides design calculations for sizing the power screws based on the lifting loads. It models and analyzes the mechanism, finding it is a viable alternative to current hydraulic scissor lifts.
Fea analysis and optimization of an one way clutch used in automatic transmis...eSAT Journals
Abstract An intent of this project is to reduce the weight of one way clutch which is being used in automotive transmission enabled sports cars. By reducing the weight we can achieve better efficiency in terms of strength and also to increase the transmission power from torque converter wherein which engaging and disengaging happens. One way roller clutch is one, when the unit rotates in one direction the rollers slip or free-wheel, but when a torque is applied in the opposite direction, the rollers lock between outer cage (cam) and inner cage, producing a wedging action and binding because of friction. The rollers are spring-loaded. Design parameters like maximum torsional deflection, minimum hoop`s stress are considered for to get increased efficiency. In order to achieve this FEA analysis and optimization technique is carried here. Optimization is the mathematical discipline which is concerned with finding the maxima and minima of functions, possibly subject to constraints. Here optimization is carried out by using the global parameters optimization technique. Keywords: FEA analysis, Global parameters, Minimum hoop`s stress, Weight
Design and fabrication of multi way hacksaw machine REPORT Eshver chandra
In this project work and effort has been made to develop a modernized multi way hacksaw machine and less stress full operation for cutting wood, metal and plastic materials. The aim of this work is to develop a hacksaw machine that will use a less effort to produce uniform cutting of PVC pipes, metals, wood. It is also done to show the performance difference between hand driven, pedal drive and multi way hacksaw machine. This model implies a conversion of rotary motion of swashplate to reciprocating motion of hacksaw blades, which is done by using Wobble Plate Mechanism. This motion is used for hacksaw machine; in this model we can operate multi hacksaws simultaneously. This model will overcome the traditional hacksaw machine which done material cutting of single piece at particular times interval and also fulfils the need of more material cutting accounts to mass production. This machine works significantly with minimum vibrations and jerks. Hence the purposed model of hacksaw machines will be welcomed by many industries due to compactness and efficiency. To achieve this goal the multi way hacksaw machine is developed.
Utilization of plc programming for gravity die casting automationeSAT Journals
The document describes utilizing a programmable logic controller to automate a gravity die casting process through PLC programming in order to increase productivity and reduce costs. It details the functional cycle and components used, including pneumatic cylinders, grippers, and a rotary actuator controlled by the PLC. Calculations are provided to determine the cylinder dimensions and cycle time needed for each step of the automated casting process.
Design & analysis of needle roller bearing at gudgeon pin of ginning machineeSAT Journals
Abstract
Needle roller bearings have high load carrying capacity although it have small cylindrical roller having low cross section,
thus it used in application where space limitation is the important factor along with high dynamic loading capacity. So in
ginning machine where space is limited for driving the mechanism a Needle roller bearing having diameter of 20 mm is
used in between connecting rod and head pin to give the relative motion between parts. As the continuous impacting of
repetitive load on bearing, it fails with in shorter period of time if proper lubricant is not supplied by grease gun after 2 to 3
hours. While bearing are considered under observation it is found that bearing are fail due to brinnelling. So design and
analysis of needle roller bearing is vital to calculate the life of bearing and to make sure whether this bearing is suitable or
not. So it becomes mandatory in designing to calculate radial load applied on bearing as the bearing is rolling contact
bearing, from this life of the bearing can be calculated and finally analysis by ANSYS software is done to find the result so
that we can conclude for bearing.
Key Words: brinneling, connecting rod, dynamic load capacity, head pin, life, radial load, repetitive load
The document describes the design of a lifting mechanism for agricultural equipment attachments. The mechanism uses wedges and a power screw actuated by hand to lift attachments like plows. It aims to provide lifting capability with reduced cost, size, and weight compared to hydraulic mechanisms. Key components include a holder, bell crank, two wedges, base, and power screw. Calculations are shown for component sizing. A prototype is tested lifting a 10kg L-shaped attachment. Analysis shows the bell crank can withstand over 300kg of load with minimal deflection and stress. The mechanism performs as intended and has potential for industrial and other lifting applications.
Design, Construction and Testing of an Electric Powered Toggle Jack MechanismIRJET Journal
This document describes the design, construction, and testing of an electric powered toggle jack mechanism. The researchers modified a conventional manual car jack by incorporating a servomotor powered by a 12V car battery. A gear system transmits the motor's torque to a power screw in order to lift loads in a powered manner. The developed jack was tested on a 1400kg Toyota Camry and could lift the vehicle while withstanding loads of up to 1550kg before thread deformation occurred. Testing showed the electric jack was over twice as fast and more efficient than a comparable manual jack. The powered toggle jack provides an easier and safer method for lifting vehicles during roadside emergencies compared to traditional manual jacks.
This document discusses the design and performance analysis of a three-phase induction motor using ANSYS RMxprt software. It describes the design process including selection of materials, geometry details of the stator and rotor, winding arrangement, and performance characteristics under rated load, no-load, and breakdown conditions. The software was used to generate 2D and 3D geometries of the motor and evaluate parameters such as efficiency, power factor, torque, and losses. The summary highlights that ANSYS RMxprt enables fast and cost-effective design of induction motors by facilitating analytical calculations, material selection, and performance analysis prior to manufacturing.
Design and Analysis of Helicopter Rotor MechanismIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and analysis of a helicopter rotor mechanism. It discusses modeling the mechanism components in Solidworks and analyzing them using rigid dynamics analysis in Ansys and computational fluid dynamics. The objectives are to design the mechanism with simple components, apply optimization to reduce stresses, and design airfoil shapes for the rotor blades. The methodology involves identifying the problem, literature review, developing objectives, modeling in Solidworks, analysis in Ansys and CFD, performance analysis through iterations, design validation, and data collection. Key components of the rotor mechanism are described along with the major assembly. Rigid dynamics analysis of the mechanism is also discussed.
Design and Development of a Quadrotor – A Didactic ApproachIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and development of a quadrotor drone. The students designed the mechanical structure using CAD software and selected aluminum as the frame material. They calculated the required thrust from the motors and selected 1000KV rating brushless DC motors. An off-the-shelf flight control board with gyroscope and accelerometer provides autonomous leveling through PI control. The fully assembled quadrotor was able to achieve stable flight upon tuning the proportional and integral gain values for roll, pitch, yaw and throttle control. The low-cost design approach makes such quadrotor systems a viable alternative for various applications.
IRJET- Analysis for Optimum Design of Automotive FlywheelIRJET Journal
This document analyzes the design of automotive flywheels through finite element analysis to determine the optimum design. It discusses flywheel design considerations like geometry, rotational velocity, and material strength. Four different flywheel designs are modeled and analyzed using ANSYS software to calculate stresses, strains, and deformations from applied forces and rotational velocities. Both static structural and modal analyses are performed. The goal is to determine which flywheel design optimizes strength and energy storage capabilities while minimizing vibrations and loads on the shaft.
IRJET-Design and Analysis Of Shock AbsorberIRJET Journal
This document summarizes the design and analysis of a shock absorber. It discusses:
1) Designing the shock absorber components like the upper mount, bottom mount, oil pad, and rod in CATIA.
2) Conducting structural and modal analysis in ANSYS to determine stresses and displacements using different spring materials - titanium alloy, phosphor bronze, beryllium copper, and spring steel.
3) The results show titanium alloy has the least stress intensity and maximum displacement, making it the best material for the spring. Modifying the design by reducing the spring diameter further lowers stresses and displacements.
This document describes the design and analysis of a shock absorber. It discusses modeling a shock absorber in CATIA V5 and performing structural and modal analyses in ANSYS. Calculations are shown for designing a helical spring for the shock absorber. The shock absorber components are designed, including the upper mount, bottom mount, oil pad, and rod. Different materials are considered for the spring, including spring steel, phosphor bronze, beryllium copper, and titanium alloy. The model is analyzed in ANSYS by applying loads and boundary conditions to determine stresses, displacements, and natural frequencies. The results are compared to select the best material for the spring in the shock absorber.
Design procedure of an electrohydraulic driveeSAT Journals
Abstract Aerodynamicists use wind tunnel to test models as well as for proposed aircraft components and engines. In order to keep these models fixed in place for testing, ground based equipment is essential. Electrohydraulic drives form the back bone of such type of mechanism which requires continuous motion for life time operations with controlled motion for start stop and bi-directional motion mechanisms. Focus of this paper is on systematic approach for optimal designing of a typical electrohydraulic drive that will provide roll motion to the testing model with emphasis on reliability of the system. This paper further highlights the design, selection, testing and qualification procedures of different elements of the drive and the electrohydraulic drive assembly as a whole. Keywords - Design, Develop, Electrohydraulic roll drive, Spindle.
IRJET - Design and Development of Axial Feed using Recirculating Ball Screw f...IRJET Journal
This document discusses the design and development of an axial feed system using a recirculating ball screw for a 6-axis CNC gear hobbing machine. It begins with an overview of the gear hobbing process and advantages of using a ball screw over a lead screw. It then describes the design process for the axial feed system, which involves selecting a suitable ball screw based on calculations of stroke length, load capacity, rigidity and service life. A 63mm diameter ball screw with 10mm lead is selected that meets the design requirements for axial load, rotational speed and long service life.
I. The document describes the design and analysis of a shock absorber.
II. A helical spring made of different materials is modeled in CATIA and analyzed in ANSYS to determine the best material.
III. Titanium alloy performs the best with the least displacement and stress compared to spring steel, phosphor bronze, and beryllium copper.
International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentIJERD Editor
Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering,
Information Engineering and Technology,
Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,
Automation and Mechatronics Engineering,
Material and Chemical Engineering,
Civil and Architecture Engineering,
Biotechnology and Bio Engineering,
Environmental Engineering,
Petroleum and Mining Engineering,
Marine and Agriculture engineering,
Aerospace Engineering.
IRJET- Impact of Ground Water on Forest Productivity in Haliyal Taluka using ...IRJET Journal
This document describes the design, static, and modal analysis of a high-speed motorized milling spindle. It discusses the objectives of optimizing parameters that influence the spindle running at 14,000 rpm with 15 kW power rating. Static deflection analysis is performed to check spindle stiffness. Modal analysis using ANSYS characterizes the spindle's dynamic behavior under different vibration modes to analyze natural frequencies and mode shapes. Three bearing arrangements are considered with varying span lengths and analyzed theoretically and using ANSYS to determine the optimal design.
Esign and fabrication of a shearing machine for glass fiber sleeves using ste...eSAT Journals
Abstract
This paper gives the reader an insight in to the work we went through to invent the concept for an automated fiber glass sleeve cutting machine. The challenge given to us by the Industry was to design and fabricate the shearing machine that can cut fiber glass sleeves in a given desired length automatically on a large scale. The length of the sleeve given to us is in range of 20mm-50mm. We set out to invent a simple but strong concept resulting in a machine with minimal complexity which will reduce the cost of production, time required to cut the sleeve and also improve the ease of maintenance. This paper is testament to how we achieved a supposedly complex automation using simple mechanical automation. To support our concept we also set out to fabricate a proposed machine to prove this concept will work.
Keywords: Shearing, Plc, Fiber glass sleeves, Ladder programming, Hmi
IRJET- Design Optimization and Analysis of a One Piece Composite Drive Shaft ...IRJET Journal
This document describes the design optimization and analysis of a composite drive shaft for the rear wheel of a vehicle. Finite element analysis was conducted on a one-piece composite drive shaft modelled in ANSYS to analyze stresses, deformations, natural frequencies and fatigue life. Static analysis showed that a carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) drive shaft had lower weight, stresses and deformation compared to steel and aluminum alternatives. Modal analysis determined the first six natural frequencies. Fatigue life estimation using the Goodman diagram predicted a life of over 1 million cycles for the CFRP drive shaft. The conclusion is that CFRRP is the best material among the alternatives due to its lower weight and improved performance, though it has a higher cost.
IRJET- Design Development and Analysis of Low Pressure Bladeless TurbineIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design, development, and analysis of a bladeless turbine. It begins by providing background on Tesla turbines, which use boundary layer effects rather than blades. The proposed design aims to recover low pressure energy in process industries as an alternative to using throttle valves.
The design process is divided into system design and mechanical design. System design parameters like component arrangement and interaction with operators are considered. Mechanical design involves analyzing forces and selecting materials. Applications discussed include using compressed air/steam as a power source, waste pumps, and centrifugal blood pumps. The document concludes that the project helped apply engineering concepts to practical problems and learn teamwork skills.
IRJET- Design of Steering System for All Terrain VehicleIRJET Journal
This document describes the design of a steering system for an all-terrain vehicle (ATV) that will compete in SAE BAJA competitions. The objectives were to design an efficient, durable, and inexpensive steering system using a rack and pinion mechanism. An Ackerman steering geometry was selected to provide stability at low speeds required for the competition. The design was modeled and simulated using Creo and Adams software. The simulation showed that the design reduced bump steer. Dimensions and calculations of the design are provided to show it can deliver the required steering torque of 88.462 N while meeting the design requirements.
IRJET- Design and Analysis of a Two Stage Reduction GearboxIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and analysis of a two-stage reduction gearbox for an all-terrain vehicle. It discusses the components, methodology, modeling, and analysis of the gearbox. The gearbox was designed with gears, shafts, bearings and a casing using CAD software. Finite element analysis was performed to analyze stresses on gears and shafts. Computational fluid dynamics was used to analyze oil flow inside the gearbox. The results showed the gearbox design is efficient and improves upon current designs by being lighter, more compact and durable. Further optimization of the design is possible by integrating additional components to simplify the powertrain assembly.
IRJET- Design and Analysis of Bar-Bending MachineIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and analysis of an electrically operated bar bending machine. The machine aims to semi-automate the process of bending reinforcement bars, allowing for higher production rates with less manual labor compared to traditional methods. It consists of an electric motor, coupling, worm gear drive, extended shaft, and circular plate. The motor provides power to the gearbox, which bends the bar placed on the circular plate to the required angle. Design calculations are shown for components like the shaft, coupling, and circular plate to validate they can withstand the expected bending forces. The machine is intended to bend rebar diameters from 6 to 16mm and provide an accurate, portable alternative to hydraulic or pneumatic bar bending machines.
IRJET-Production of Hybrid Aluminium Matrix Composite with Welding Slag and F...IRJET Journal
This document describes the design and fabrication of a multi-purpose tooling machine. The machine allows five operations - drilling, shaping, cutting, buffing, and grinding - to be performed simultaneously using a single machine. This is more efficient than separate machines for each operation as it saves space, time, and costs for industries. The machine uses a belt drive system connected to pulleys and bevel gears to transfer power from an electric motor to shafts that drive the various tools. A scotch yoke mechanism is also used to convert rotational motion to reciprocating motion for shaping. The machine aims to improve productivity while reducing production costs for industries.
Design and Manufacturing of Lathe Tool Post Grinding AttachmentIRJET Journal
The document describes the design and manufacturing of a lathe tool post grinding attachment. The attachment can be mounted on a lathe machine to allow grinding operations, reducing manufacturing time and costs compared to conventional grinding processes. It was designed to achieve grinding speeds up to 3,500 RPM for external grinding and 12,000 RPM for internal grinding. The main components include a spindle shaft, quill, covers, and base plate that attaches to the lathe tool post. The design was modeled in Catia software and components were selected based on calculations from spindle design literature. The attachment aims to improve accuracy, reduce costs and worker safety compared to moving workpieces between machines for additional operations.
IRJET- Design of Torsional Trailing Arm of an ATVIRJET Journal
This document describes the design of a torsional trailing arm suspension for an all-terrain vehicle (ATV). The objectives of the design were to increase travel, reduce unsprung mass, and improve handling. The team modeled the suspension in MATLAB and optimized spring stiffness and damping parameters. They designed the suspension geometry in CAD software and analyzed it in LOTUS SUSPENSION ANALYSER. The torsional trailing arm design was fabricated from AISI 1018 steel and tested on a track. Analysis showed the design eliminated issues like bump steer and improved ride quality over other designs. Future work could develop arms to further reduce torsional forces and the design could be applied to other off-road vehicles.
IRJET- Design and Development Pedal Operated Multi-Crop Thresher with Vibrati...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes the design and development of a pedal-operated multi-crop thresher with a vibrating screen and maize de-seeder. The machine was designed to thresh, separate, and clean grains using only human power from pedals. It has a threshing unit that separates grains from plants using high-speed rotational blades powered by a pedal mechanism. The design aims to make a simple, compact, and ergonomic machine that can be comfortably operated by men or women. The document describes the machine's components and operation, and evaluates its threshing and cleaning efficiency and grain loss.
Similar to IRJET- Design and Analysis of an Indexing Fixture (20)
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...IRJET Journal
This study compares the use of Stark Steel and TMT Steel as reinforcement materials in a two-way reinforced concrete slab. Mechanical testing is conducted to determine the tensile strength, yield strength, and other properties of each material. A two-way slab design adhering to codes and standards is executed with both materials. The performance is analyzed in terms of deflection, stability under loads, and displacement. Cost analyses accounting for material, durability, maintenance, and life cycle costs are also conducted. The findings provide insights into the economic and structural implications of each material for reinforcement selection and recommendations on the most suitable material based on the analysis.
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil CharacteristicsIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study analyzing the effect of camber, position of camber, and angle of attack on the aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils. Sixteen modified asymmetric NACA airfoils were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) by varying the camber, camber position, and angle of attack. The results showed the relationship between these parameters and the lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and lift to drag ratio. This provides insight into how changes in airfoil geometry impact aerodynamic performance.
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the progress and challenges of aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs), focusing on their fabrication processes and applications. It discusses how various aluminum MMCs have been developed using reinforcements like borides, carbides, oxides, and nitrides to improve mechanical and wear properties. These composites have gained prominence for their lightweight, high-strength and corrosion resistance properties. The document also examines recent advancements in fabrication techniques for aluminum MMCs and their growing applications in industries such as aerospace and automotive. However, it notes that challenges remain around issues like improper mixing of reinforcements and reducing reinforcement agglomeration.
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research on using graph neural networks (GNNs) for dynamic optimization of public transportation networks in real-time. GNNs represent transit networks as graphs with nodes as stops and edges as connections. The GNN model aims to optimize networks using real-time data on vehicle locations, arrival times, and passenger loads. This helps increase mobility, decrease traffic, and improve efficiency. The system continuously trains and infers to adapt to changing transit conditions, providing decision support tools. While research has focused on performance, more work is needed on security, socio-economic impacts, contextual generalization of models, continuous learning approaches, and effective real-time visualization.
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research project that aims to compare the structural performance of conventional slab and grid slab systems in multi-story buildings using ETABS software. The study will analyze both symmetric and asymmetric building models under various loading conditions. Parameters like deflections, moments, shears, and stresses will be examined to evaluate the structural effectiveness of each slab type. The results will provide insights into the comparative behavior of conventional and grid slabs to help engineers and architects select appropriate slab systems based on building layouts and design requirements.
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes and reviews a research paper on the seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures with plan and vertical irregularities, with and without infill walls. It discusses how infill walls can improve or reduce the seismic performance of RC buildings, depending on factors like wall layout, height distribution, connection to the frame, and relative stiffness of walls and frames. The reviewed research paper analyzes the behavior of infill walls, effects of vertical irregularities, and seismic performance of high-rise structures under linear static and dynamic analysis. It studies response characteristics like story drift, deflection and shear. The document also provides literature on similar research investigating the effects of infill walls, soft stories, plan irregularities, and different
This document provides a review of machine learning techniques used in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). It begins with an abstract that summarizes key applications of machine learning in ADAS, including object detection, recognition, and decision-making. The introduction discusses the integration of machine learning in ADAS and how it is transforming vehicle safety. The literature review then examines several research papers on topics like lightweight deep learning models for object detection and lane detection models using image processing. It concludes by discussing challenges and opportunities in the field, such as improving algorithm robustness and adaptability.
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes temperature and precipitation trends in Asosa District, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia from 1993 to 2022 based on data from the local meteorological station. The results show:
1) The average maximum and minimum annual temperatures have generally decreased over time, with maximum temperatures decreasing by a factor of -0.0341 and minimum by -0.0152.
2) Mann-Kendall tests found the decreasing temperature trends to be statistically significant for annual maximum temperatures but not for annual minimum temperatures.
3) Annual precipitation in Asosa District showed a statistically significant increasing trend.
The conclusions recommend development planners account for rising summer precipitation and declining temperatures in
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD ProIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design and analysis of pre-engineered building (PEB) framed structures using STAAD Pro software. It provides an overview of PEBs, including that they are designed off-site with building trusses and beams produced in a factory. STAAD Pro is identified as a key tool for modeling, analyzing, and designing PEBs to ensure their performance and safety under various load scenarios. The document outlines modeling structural parts in STAAD Pro, evaluating structural reactions, assigning loads, and following international design codes and standards. In summary, STAAD Pro is used to design and analyze PEB framed structures to ensure safety and code compliance.
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on innovative fiber integration methods for reinforcing concrete structures. It discusses studies that have explored using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with recycled plastic aggregates to develop more sustainable strengthening techniques. It also examines using ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete to improve shear strength in beams. Additional topics covered include the dynamic responses of FRP-strengthened beams under static and impact loads, and the performance of preloaded CFRP-strengthened fiber reinforced concrete beams. The review highlights the potential of fiber composites to enable more sustainable and resilient construction practices.
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a survey on securing patient healthcare data in cloud-based systems. It discusses using technologies like facial recognition, smart cards, and cloud computing combined with strong encryption to securely store patient data. The survey found that healthcare professionals believe digitizing patient records and storing them in a centralized cloud system would improve access during emergencies and enable more efficient care compared to paper-based systems. However, ensuring privacy and security of patient data is paramount as healthcare incorporates these digital technologies.
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridgesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes several studies that have been conducted on widening existing concrete bridges. It describes a study from China that examined load distribution factors for a bridge widened with composite steel-concrete girders. It also outlines challenges and solutions for widening a bridge in the UAE, including replacing bearings and stitching the new and existing structures. Additionally, it discusses two bridge widening projects in New Zealand that involved adding precast beams and stitching to connect structures. Finally, safety measures and challenges for strengthening a historic bridge in Switzerland under live traffic are presented.
React based fullstack edtech web applicationIRJET Journal
The document describes the architecture of an educational technology web application built using the MERN stack. It discusses the frontend developed with ReactJS, backend with NodeJS and ExpressJS, and MongoDB database. The frontend provides dynamic user interfaces, while the backend offers APIs for authentication, course management, and other functions. MongoDB enables flexible data storage. The architecture aims to provide a scalable, responsive platform for online learning.
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...IRJET Journal
This paper proposes integrating Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies to help implement objectives of India's National Education Policy (NEP) in the education sector. The paper discusses how blockchain could be used for secure student data management, credential verification, and decentralized learning platforms. IoT devices could create smart classrooms, automate attendance tracking, and enable real-time monitoring. Blockchain would ensure integrity of exam processes and resource allocation, while smart contracts automate agreements. The paper argues this integration has potential to revolutionize education by making it more secure, transparent and efficient, in alignment with NEP goals. However, challenges like infrastructure needs, data privacy, and collaborative efforts are also discussed.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on the performance of coconut fibre reinforced concrete. It summarizes several studies that tested different volume fractions and lengths of coconut fibres in concrete mixtures with varying compressive strengths. The studies found that coconut fibre improved properties like tensile strength, toughness, crack resistance, and spalling resistance compared to plain concrete. Volume fractions of 2-5% and fibre lengths of 20-50mm produced the best results. The document concludes that using a 4-5% volume fraction of coconut fibres 30-40mm in length with M30-M60 grade concrete would provide benefits based on previous research.
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...IRJET Journal
The document discusses optimizing business management processes through automation using Microsoft Power Automate and artificial intelligence. It provides an overview of Power Automate's key components and features for automating workflows across various apps and services. The document then presents several scenarios applying automation solutions to common business processes like data entry, monitoring, HR, finance, customer support, and more. It estimates the potential time and cost savings from implementing automation for each scenario. Finally, the conclusion emphasizes the transformative impact of AI and automation tools on business processes and the need for ongoing optimization.
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic DesignIRJET Journal
The document describes the seismic design of a G+5 steel building frame located in Roorkee, India according to Indian codes IS 1893-2002 and IS 800. The frame was analyzed using the equivalent static load method and response spectrum method, and its response in terms of displacements and shear forces were compared. Based on the analysis, the frame was designed as a seismic-resistant steel structure according to IS 800:2007. The software STAAD Pro was used for the analysis and design.
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...IRJET Journal
This research paper explores using plastic waste as a sustainable and cost-effective construction material. The study focuses on manufacturing pavers and bricks using recycled plastic and partially replacing concrete with plastic alternatives. Initial results found that pavers and bricks made from recycled plastic demonstrate comparable strength and durability to traditional materials while providing environmental and cost benefits. Additionally, preliminary research indicates incorporating plastic waste as a partial concrete replacement significantly reduces construction costs without compromising structural integrity. The outcomes suggest adopting plastic waste in construction can address plastic pollution while optimizing costs, promoting more sustainable building practices.
Sachpazis_Consolidation Settlement Calculation Program-The Python Code and th...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Consolidation Settlement Calculation Program-The Python Code
By Professor Dr. Costas Sachpazis, Civil Engineer & Geologist
This program calculates the consolidation settlement for a foundation based on soil layer properties and foundation data. It allows users to input multiple soil layers and foundation characteristics to determine the total settlement.
An In-Depth Exploration of Natural Language Processing: Evolution, Applicatio...DharmaBanothu
Natural language processing (NLP) has
recently garnered significant interest for the
computational representation and analysis of human
language. Its applications span multiple domains such
as machine translation, email spam detection,
information extraction, summarization, healthcare,
and question answering. This paper first delineates
four phases by examining various levels of NLP and
components of Natural Language Generation,
followed by a review of the history and progression of
NLP. Subsequently, we delve into the current state of
the art by presenting diverse NLP applications,
contemporary trends, and challenges. Finally, we
discuss some available datasets, models, and
evaluation metrics in NLP.
Sri Guru Hargobind Ji - Bandi Chor Guru.pdfBalvir Singh
Sri Guru Hargobind Ji (19 June 1595 - 3 March 1644) is revered as the Sixth Nanak.
• On 25 May 1606 Guru Arjan nominated his son Sri Hargobind Ji as his successor. Shortly
afterwards, Guru Arjan was arrested, tortured and killed by order of the Mogul Emperor
Jahangir.
• Guru Hargobind's succession ceremony took place on 24 June 1606. He was barely
eleven years old when he became 6th Guru.
• As ordered by Guru Arjan Dev Ji, he put on two swords, one indicated his spiritual
authority (PIRI) and the other, his temporal authority (MIRI). He thus for the first time
initiated military tradition in the Sikh faith to resist religious persecution, protect
people’s freedom and independence to practice religion by choice. He transformed
Sikhs to be Saints and Soldier.
• He had a long tenure as Guru, lasting 37 years, 9 months and 3 days
Online train ticket booking system project.pdfKamal Acharya
Rail transport is one of the important modes of transport in India. Now a days we
see that there are railways that are present for the long as well as short distance
travelling which makes the life of the people easier. When compared to other
means of transport, a railway is the cheapest means of transport. The maintenance
of the railway database also plays a major role in the smooth running of this
system. The Online Train Ticket Management System will help in reserving the
tickets of the railways to travel from a particular source to the destination.
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