IIRJET-Comparison of Seismic Analysis of Multistoried Building with Shear Wall and X Bracing

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 05 Issue: 06 | June-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2437
COMPARISON OF SEISMIC ANALYSIS OF MULTISTORIED BUILDING
WITH SHEAR WALL AND X BRACING
Tejaswini M L1, Kishor K N2, Harsha D H3
1Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, MVJ College of Engineering, Bangalore, India 560067
2,3PG Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering, MVJ College of Engineering, Bangalore, India 560067
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Abstract - Multi-storey building would be the greater part influenced by quake constrains to seismic prone areas. The major
concern in the design of the multi-storey building is the structure to have enough lateral stability to resist lateral forces, buckling,
to control lateral drift and displacement of the building. The application of the shear wall system in Reinforced Concrete (RC)
buildings has been widely used to minimize seismic consequences. Besides, the buildings with concentrated steel bracings system
are used for the same reasons in steel structures buildings. Both of the systems have significance of the structural performance.
Although both systems are used for same reasons, their effect shows unequal variations and behaviour against seismic load.
In this project, G+9 storey building, along with shear wall and bracings are being considered for the analysis. The performance of
building will be evaluated on the basis of following parameters –Storey displacement, Storey drift, Base shear. In this work, the
shear walls and bracings are provided at different locations with the overall analysis to be carried out using Etabs9.7 software.
Key Words: ETAB, Seismic analysis, Bracings, Shear wall.
1. INTRODUCTION:
An earthquake is a sudden movement of earth’scrust, which originate naturally atorbelowthesurface.Intheprevious
twenty-eight years, considerable severe earthquakes occurred in the world at intervals of 5 to 10 years, have caused severe
damages. Socio investment misfortuneshave been expanded in the planetbecauseoffoundationaboutnewurbancommunities
to seismic tremor inclined zones. Among all the natural hazards, earthquake is most dangerous. For safety ofthebuildings,itis
necessary that structuresshould have adequate lateral stability, strength, and sufficient ductility. In place to securestructures
against harms previously, advancing earthquakesto extend edifices alternatelyshouldchangetheirapplications,concentrating
on available states for structures and making them safe against quake may be a greater amount crucial. This work focuses on
comparison of seismic analysis of G+9 building with bracings and shear walls. The performance of the building is analyzed in
Zone V.
For my study I considered bare frame, shear wall at corners, shear wall at sides, shear wall at center, bracings at corners,
bracings at sides and bracings at center are considered.
1.1 Shear Wall
Shear divider is a structural framework made for propped panelswould otherwise called shear panelsto counter the
impacts of parallel load acting on the structure. Generally, shear divider is characterized as structural partequippedwillstand
up to consolidation of shear wall. Wind seismic loads need aid practically as a relatable point loads that shear dividers are
planned to convey. Shear dividers stand up in-plane loads need aid connected along its tallness. RC Multi-Storey structures
need aid sufficient for opposing both different and level load. Shear walls resist two types of forces: Shear forces and Uplift
forces. Shear forces are generated in stationary buildings by accelerations resulting from ground movement and by external
forces like wind and waves. Uplift forces exist on shear walls because the horizontal forces are applied to the top of the wall.
1.2 Bracings
Support FramesRigid wrapping systemsare not constructive for structurestallerthanaround30-storiesinlightofthe
way that the shear afflict piece of the redirection in view of the turning of segments are makes the buoy be inordinately large.
An approve packaging attempts to improve the eligibility of an unyielding corner by in every way thatreallymatterstakingout
the bowing of segments and supports. This is expert by including web people, for instance, diagonals or chevron underpins.
This was even shear is right now basically consume by the web and not by the segments. The systemspassontheparallelshear
over whelming by the level of section of midpoint movement mulling over just about an absolute cantilever lead.

2. LITERATURE REVIEW
1) Dharanya (A),et, al.(2017)
In this study they analyze the multi-storey building with soft story which in present highly seismicareahasbeenanalyzed.
In this performance the shear wall and bracings are be compared. Equivalent static method of analysis should be performed
with the help of ETABS software. the main parametersare used to compared lateral displacements,baseshear,storydrift,axial
force, shear force and time period. In this study they are taken a G+4 story residential RC building with soft story has to be
analyzed with shear wall and cross bracings. The building located in zone 5.After discussionitisconcludedthatofthestructure
lateral stability is more than the bracingsof the structure. The natural time period of structurealsohighlyreducedafter placing
shear walls and bracings.
2) Divya , et, al.(2017).
In this paper they analyze the seismic behavior of shear wall and bracings system in RC frame structure. This research
work focus on review of comparison of shear wall and bracing system by response spectrum method with the help of STAAD-
PROVsi software. This analysis is helpful for in order to minimize the damage due to earthquake, and also the cost and
effectiveness of shear wall. The main parameters are used to analyze this structure is base shear, natural time period, story
drift. The structure which hasto be analyzed issymmetrical G+10 residential building. After this analysis they concluded that
lateral displacement and deflection of the building reduces by using shear wall and bracing systems, shear wall construction
will provide large stiffness of the building. The lateral displacement of the building is reduced by the use of X-type of bracings.
The lateral deflection of column in the of shear wall provided at canter is much reduced as compared to other location of SW.
The X-type of concrete bracings is found to be most efficient in terms if storey displacement
3) Madan, et, al. (2015)
In this study they concluded that seismic evaluation with shear walls and braces for buildings. For an R.C.C building, The
response of combination of braces and shear walls has been applied to regular R.C.C building. The R.C.C building consisting of
different combinations of shear wall and R.C braces for 10, 15 and 20 storied frames were considered in this study. The
dynamic analysis is of the building wascarried out by three dimensional modeling using STAAD-PROsoftwareandearthquake
loadsas per 15-1893:2002 (part-1). The main parametersare used to compared are time period, displacement,storydrift.The
conclusion of this study was the shear walls reduced the maximum lateral displacement at the top 20, 15 and 10 story the
frames more compared to the bracesreduced the maximum displacement in the same frame.Theshearwallsinmiddlebayand
braces in the outer bays were the most effective arrangements for lateral load resistance in the elastic range
4) S.R Throat and P.J Salunke(2014)
They conducted or studied about seismic behavior of multi-story shear wall frame versus braced concrete frames. Both
static (seismic coefficient method) and dynamic (response spectrum method) procedures are used determine the seismic
design forces for this buildings. The STADD-PROVsi is used for dynamic analysis and stiffness analysis of this structure. Axial
forcesand moments in the members and floor displacements are main parametersof this structure. The structureis15-strory
building; it has total 8 plane framesin both the all directions. The X, K, IV-type of bracesis used in this structure.Thebuildingis
assumed to be located in seismic zone-3, story height is 4.5m. After analyzing the structure,morecolumnaxialforceisinducing
in braced frame than shear wall frame. Columns and beam moments in braces frame structure is much less than shear wall
frame structures. The lateral displacements of frames are very much efficient in braced elements. Drift and horizontal
deflection in braced frame is much less than shear wall frame
3. OBJECTIVES
The main objective of this project is to check and compare the seismic response of multi-storied building by using
shear wall and steel bracings.
To validate the results of shear wall and bracings with available literature results.
To model G+9 storey building with shear wall and bracings using ETABS software.
To study storey displacement, storey drift, storey shear of both bracings and shear wall.

Methodology considered in this project is as follows:
Modelling of the G+9 storey building using ETABS v9.7 software.
Shear wall and bracings location at centre, corner and sides of the building.
Parameters considered in this project are storey displacement, storey drift, and storey shear.
Seismic zones considered in this project in Zone V.
5. PARAMETERS CONSIDERED
Parameters considering in this project are as follows:
No of stories G+9
Thickness of slab 200 mm
Beam size 200mmx600mm
Column size 600mmx600mm
Wall thickness 230mm
Bracings ISA110mmX110mmX10mm
Grade of concrete M40-column,M25-
beams,M20-slabs
Live load 3KN/m2
Floor finish load 1KN/m2
Zones V
5. BUILDING MODELS OF ZONE V
Fig 1: Bare Model
To model building in seismic Zone V.
To study shear wall and bracings at various locations in R.C. Building modelled in E-TABS software.
4. METHODOLOGY

Fig 3: Shear Wall at Corner
Fig 2: Shear Wall at center

Fig 4: .Shear Wall at Sides
Fig 5: Bracings at Center
Fig 6: Bracings at Corner

Fig 7: Bracings at sides
6. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
The results have been compared with bare frame model of storey drift, storey displacement, storey shear with shear
wall at corner, shear wall at sides, shear wall center, bracings at corner, bracings at sides and bracings at center.
COMPARISION OF DIFFERENT ARRANGEMENTS
6.1 Displacement - Building (Equivalent Static Analysis)
NO OF
STORIES model 1 model 2 model 3 model 4 model 5 model 6 model 7
10 0.0143 0.0052 0.0045 0.0087 0.014 0.0137 0.014
9 0.0137 0.0046 0.0041 0.008 0.0134 0.0132 0.0134
8 0.0127 0.0039 0.0035 0.007 0.0125 0.0122 0.0125
7 0.0114 0.0033 0.0029 0.0059 0.0112 0.011 0.0112
6 0.0097 0.0026 0.0023 0.0047 0.0095 0.0094 0.0095
5 0.0079 0.002 0.0017 0.0036 0.0077 0.0076 0.0077
4 0.0058 0.0014 0.0012 0.0025 0.0057 0.0056 0.0057
3 0.0038 0.0008 0.0007 0.0015 0.0037 0.0036 0.0037
2 0.0018 0.0004 0.0003 0.0007 0.0018 0.0017 0.0018
1 0.0003 0.0001 0 0.0001 0.0003 0.0003 0.0003
TABLE 6.1.1 DISPLACEMENTS (M) –EQX

By plotting above graphsof storey displacement V/S number of storeysin X direction for zone-v and mediumsoiltype(soil-II).
From above graphs, it wasobserved that the bare frame ishaving maximum valueswhen it’scompared with SW at center and
bracings at center, SW at corners and Bracings at corners, SW at sides and bracings at sides.
From table 6.1.1 it clearly shows that the storey displacement is decreased in model with SW and bracings. And also
SW buildings give less value compared to bracing buildings.
6.2 Study of Story Drift (Equivalent Static Analysis)
The results of Different models with different stories is compared as follows
TABLE 6.2.1 INTER STORY DRIFT
NO OF
10 0.000194 0.0002 0.000185 0.000311 0.000188 0.000188 0.000188
9 0.000321 0.000213 0.000191 0.000335 0.000313 0.000309 0.000313
8 0.000448 0.000227 0.000204 0.000369 0.000437 0.000431 0.000437
7 0.000551 0.00023 0.000204 0.000384 0.000538 0.000529 0.000538
6 0.000627 0.000222 0.000197 0.000385 0.000612 0.0006 0.000612
5 0.000675 0.000207 0.000182 0.000368 0.000659 0.000646 0.000659
4 0.000693 0.000184 0.000159 0.000332 0.000677 0.000664 0.000677
3 0.000661 0.000154 0.000129 0.000275 0.000649 0.000638 0.000649
2 0.000505 0.00011 0.000088 0.00019 0.000498 0.000492 0.000498
1 0.000174 0.000053 0.000046 0.000072 0.000178 0.000179 0.000178
Graph 1: Storey displacement V/S Storey in X-direction

Graph 2: Storey drift V/S Storey in X-direction
By plotting the graphs of storey drift V/S number of storeys in X direction for Zone V for a medium soil type (soil-II).
From the graphs, it is observed that the bare frame model is having maximum valueswhenit’scomparedwithSWatcenter, SW
at corners, SW at sides, and it is having almost similar values when it’s compared with bracings at center, bracings at corners,
bracings at Sides. From table 6.2.1 it clearly shows that the storey drift is decreased in models with SW and similar with
bracings. And the above graphs shows that shear wall models have fewer values when it’s compared to bracings models.
6.3 Study of Base Shear (Equivalent Static Analysis)
The table below shows different base shear values for G+9 storey different models
TABLE 6.3.1 BASE SHEARS (ESA)
G+9 STOREY
MODEL 1 MODEL 2 MODEL 3 MODEL 4 MODEL 5 MODEL 6 MODEL 7
8889.47 9439.97 9509.82 9544.98 9082.12 9248.85 9081.71
Graph 3: comparison of base shear v/s models.

The model one (bare frame) shows the higher base shear value compared to other models. As the base shear
values is mainly due to the huge space or area and hence the higher loadings. The SW modelshave more base shear compared
to bracing models.
6.4 Study of storey shear (Equivalent Static Analysis)
The table below shows different storey shear values for G+9 storey different models.
TABLE 6.4.1 STOREY SHEARS (ESA)
Graph 4: Storey shear V/S Storey in X-direction
By plotting the above graphsof the storey shear V/S number of storeysin X direction for zone-V for medium soil type
(soil-II). From this graph, it was observed that the bare frame is having a minimum values when its compared to with SW at
corners, SW at sides, SW at center, bracingsat corners, bracings at sides, bracings at center. From table, it clearsthatthestorey
shear was increased in model with shear walls compared with bracings.
NO OF
10 1598.22 1745.84 1750.31 1738.06 1632.71 1662.41 1632.63
9 3772.85 4040.65 4064.63 4066.5 3854.51 3924.91 3854.34
8 5465.9 5827.26 5866.43 5879.3 5584.29 5686.37 5584.04
7 6737.57 7169.2 7219.78 7240.91 6883.55 7009.42 6883.23
6 7648.06 8130.01 8188.75 8215.79 7813.79 7956.69 7813.43
5 8257.56 8773.19 8837.4 8868.4 8436.51 8590.81 8436.12
4 8626.27 9162.27 9229.79 9263.19 8813.22 8974.42 8812.81
3 8814.38 9360.78 9429.99 9464.61 9005.41 9170.14 9005
2 8882.1 9432.25 9502.06 9537.12 9074.6 9240.6 9074.19
1 8889.47 9439.97 9509.82 9544.98 9082.12 9248.25 9081.71

6.5 Study of Displacement (Response Spectrum Analysis)
The displacement in m for earthquake in X direction for different storey are resulted as below
TABLE 6.5.1 DISPLACEMENTS (M) –RSA
Graph 5: Storey displacement V/S Storey in X-direction (RSA)
The response spectrum analysis shows that the same percentage variation as the static analysis but with the lower
values. The displacement of model 1 is having greater valuescompared to other models.TheSWmodelsaregreatdisplacement
compare to bracing models. Found, there are no greater variations of these models. This is because of that thesamestiffnessin
the model for the respective loads.
6.5. Discussion of results
Storey displacement was decreased in model with SW and bracings. Shear wall at center it is decreased by 63.63%,
shear wall at corner by 68.53%, shear wall at sides by 34.16 %, bracings at center by 2.14 %, bracings at corner by 4.14 %,
bracings at sides by 2.14%.
Storey shear is increased in the model with the SW and bracings. SW at center is increased by 9.23%, SW at corner by
9.51%, SW at sides by 8.76%, bracings at center by 2.15%, bracings at corner by 4.01%, bracings at sides by 2.15%.
NO OF
10 0.0124 0.0046 0.0041 0.0079 0.0037 0.0077 0.003
9 0.012 0.004 0.0038 0.0073 0.0036 0.0075 0.0029
8 0.0113 0.0035 0.0033 0.0064 0.0034 0.0071 0.0028
7 0.0103 0.0029 0.0027 0.0055 0.0031 0.0064 0.0025
6 0.009 0.0024 0.0022 0.0044 0.0027 0.0056 0.0022
5 0.0074 0.0018 0.0016 0.0034 0.0022 0.0046 0.0018
4 0.0056 0.0012 0.0011 0.0024 0.0017 0.0035 0.0014
3 0.0037 0.0008 0.0007 0.0014 0.0011 0.0023 0.0009
2 0.0017 0.0004 0.0003 0.0006 0.0005 0.0011 0.0004
1 0.0003 0.0001 0 0.0001 0.0001 0.0002 0.0001

Base shear is increased in the model with the SW and bracings. SW at center is increased by 6.19%, SW at corner by
6.97%, SW at sides by 7.37%, bracings at center by 2.16%, bracings at corner by 4.04%, bracings at sides by 2.16%.
7. CONCLUSION
 Providing SW elements are more efficient in reducing lateral displacement of structure as a drift and horizontal
deflection influence in SW are much less when compared with bare frame and bracing systems.
 The location of SW at corners, SW at sides and bracing at corners has more significant effect on the seismic response
than the bare frame.
 Locations of the SW at cornersare effective in reducing the actions influence in frame with the lessdeflectionandthe
drift.
 When it comes to the storey drift, decreased in model with the shear wall and similar/ increased with the bracing
model systems.
 There is a noticeable variation in the storey drift in the 4thstorey, as the huge difference in the stiffness that happens
due to stiffness variation from bracing to the SW. This is within the allowable limit h/250.
 The base shear values are based on the loads and masses of the building. It also subjected to the zone and the
importance priority of the structure. As the regular model one is showing high base shear value and the reduction is
found in the other models, The SW modelshave more base shear compared to bracing models, And SW at corner and
SW at sides have more base shear compared to other models.
From the above discussion and results it isfound that providing shear wall at cornersgivesmorestrengthwhencompared
to bare frame and bracing type models.
REFERENCES
1. Dharanya A, Gayathri S, Deepika M(Comparison Study of Shear Wall and Bracings under Seismic Loading in Multi-
Storey Residential Building) International Journal of ChemTech ResearchBCODEN(USA):IJCRGG,Vol.10No.8,pp417-
424, 2017
2. S.R. Thorat and P.J. Salunke(Seismic Behavior of Multistory Shear Wall Frame Versus Braced Concrete Frames)
International Journal of Advanced Mechanical Engineering. ISSN 2250-3234Volume4,Number3(2014),pp.323-330
3. S. K. Madan, R. S. Malik, V. K. Sehgal(Seismic Evaluation with Shear Wallsand Braces for Buildings).WorldAcademyof
Science, Engineering and Technology International Journal of Computer and Information Engineering Vol:9, No:2,
2015
4. Pallavi G. A, Nagaraja C(comparative study of seismic analysis of multi-storeyed building with shear wall and
bracings. IJRET: eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308. Volume: 06 Issue: 08 | Aug-2017
5. Divyashree M1, Bhavyashree B N2, Gopi Siddappa3(comparison of bracingsand shear wals as seismic strengthening
methods to buildingswith plan irregularities) IJRET: eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308 Volume: 03SpecialIssue:
06 | May-2014 | RRDCE – 2014

Tejaswini M L
Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, MVJ College, Bangalore 560067.
She has completed her PG in structural engineering from MVJ College. She is having 5 years of
Kishor K N
PG Student, Structural Engineering,
MVJ College, Bangalore 560067
He has completed his under-graduation From Reva Institute of Technology and management,
Bangalore-560064
Harsha D H
PG Student, Structural Engineering, MVJ College, Bangalore 560067 He has completed his under
graduation From siddaganga Institute of Technology, Tumakur -572103
BIOGRAPHIES
experience in teaching field and now pursuing her PhD work.

IIRJET-Comparison of Seismic Analysis of Multistoried Building with Shear Wall and X Bracing

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