CCNA Course Training Presentation

Submitted by- Rohit Raj Singh
Roll No.- 1442310031
Contact No.- 9170190050
Presentation
on
CCNA
6/1/2019 1SMS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, LUCKNOW

Content
 Introduction
 Types of networking
 Networking Device
 Hub VS Switch
 Router
 Subnetting & Supernetting
 Router Configuration
 Router Access Mode
 How to login into the Router
• Routing
• RIP Protocol
• EIGRP
• VLAN

Introduction
 CCNA stands for Cisco Certified Network Associate.
 It gives the information about networking, its types and
its application.
 Networking is very important as it provides
communication.
 It is also very useful as it helps in resource sharing.
 Thus ,overall it is a cost saving technique.

Types of Networking
 LAN- It stands for local area network. Eg: network
within a campus.
 MAN-It stands for metropolitan area network. Eg:
network connecting various cities
 WAN-It stands for wide area network. Eg: internet on a
whole world

Networking Devices
 NIC
 Hub
 Switch
 Router

Hub Vs. Switches
• Hub – Less expensive,
used in a very small
LAN Where low
throughput is OK.
• Switches – More
expensive, but
performance makes it
cost effective.
Switches
Hub

Router
 Router is a network layer
device or layer three
device based on WAN
technology.
 It is useful to connect
different networks.
 There is no broadcast.
 Packet filtering and it
finds the best path
selection.
Router

Subnetting & Supernetting
 Subnetting – A network is divided into several
smaller subnetwork with each subnet having its own
subnetwork address.
 Supernetting- An organization can combine several
class C addresses to create a larger range of addresses
( supernetwork ).

Example of Subnetting
 Class A : - An organization with class A address at
least 1000 subnetwork. Find the subnet mask and
configuration of each subnetworks?
 Solution :-
I. we need at least 1002 subnetworks to allows for all-is
and all- os subnet id’s.
II. The minimum number of bit’s to be allocated for
subnetting should be 10.
III. 14 bits are left to define the host id’s. Subnet mask
(11000000 == 192).

Subnet Mask 255.0.0.0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Net_Id Host_Id
 Without Subnetting
Subnet Mask 255.255.192.0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Net_Id Subnet_Id Host_Id
 With Subnetting

R1
100.0.0.0
To the
rest of
the
internet
100.0.0.64
 100.0.0.128
100.0.0.192
100.0.0.65
100.0.0.126
100.0.0.129
100.0.0.190
100.0.0.193
100.0.0.254
Subnetwork in example

Router Configuration
 Router always has two configuration : -
I
• Startup
Configuration
II
• Running
configuration

 Startup Configuration : -
i. In NVRAM, determines how the router will operate
after next reload.
ii. Startup configuration is modified using the copy
command.
iii. To see it : show startup – config
 Running Configuration : -
I. In RAM determines, how the router is currently
operating.
II. Running configuration is modified using the
configure command.
III. To show it : Show running - config

Router access mode
 User Mode – limited examination of router
- router >
 Privileged Mode – detailed examination of router,
debugging, testing , file manipulation
- router#
 Global Mode – Available when router has startup -config
file
 ROM Monitor - Useful for password recovery and new IOS
upload session
 Setup Mode – Available when router has no startup
- config file

Logging into the router
 Connect router to console port or TELNET to Router.
router>
Router>enable
Router #
router#config t
 Configuring the router -
Terminal( entering the commands directly )
Router#Configure terminal
Router( config )#
User
Mode
Priviledged
Mode
Global
Mode

Routing
 Routing is the exchange of routers between different
networks.
 There are three types of routing :
I. Default Routing
II. Static Routing
III. Dynamic Routing

Dynamic Routing
 Routing protocol is use to established the
communication between two routers.
 Routing protocol allows one router to share
information with other router.
 The information a router gets from another router,
using a routing protocol, is used to build and maintain
a routing table.
Examples of routing protocols :-
I. RIP( Routing Information Protocol )
II. EIGRP( Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing
Protocol)
III. OSPF( Open Shortest Path First )

Routing Protocol
Static Dynamic
.
Interior Routing Protocol
Exterior Routing Protocol

.
6/1/2019 SMS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, LUCKNOW 19
Dynamic Routing
Protocol
Interior Routing
Protocol
Exterior Routing
Protocol
• Rip Version 1
• Rip Version 2
• EIGRP
• IGRP
• OSPF
• IS / IS
 BGP
 EGP

Routing Information Protocol
 RIP is a distance vector routing protocol.
 Hope count is used as the metric of path selection.
 If the hope count is greater than 15 the packet will be
discarded.
 By default, Routing update are broadcast every 30
second.
 Configuring Rip :-
Router( config )#router rip

Enhanced Interior Gateway
Routing Protocol( EIGRP )
 It is the enhanced version of IGRP.
 EIGRP called a hybrid protocol, but really just an
advanced distance vector protocol.
 Multiple network layer support :- IP, IPX and Apple
talk.
 A router running EIGRP stores all its neighbor’s routing
tables so that it can quickly adopt or alternate router.

Packet Types that are used in
EIGRP
 EIGRP uses five packet types, they are :-
1. Hello
2. Acknowledgment
3. Update
4. Query
5. Reply

 Hello :-
EIGRP uses hello packet in the discovery of
neighbours. They are multicast to 244.0.0.10 by
default, EIGRP sends hello packets every 5 seconds.
 Acknowledgment :-
It acknowledges the reception of an update packet.
It is a hello packet with no data. EIGRP sends
acknowledgment packet to the unicast adderss of the
sender of the update packet.

 Update :-
Update packets contain routing information for
destinations. EIGRP unicast update packets to newly
discovered neighbors; otherwise it multicasts update
packets to 224.0.0.10 when a link or metric changes.
 Query :-
EIGRP sends query packets to find feasible
successors to a destination. Query packets are always
multicast.
 Reply :-
Reply packets provide a feasible successor to the
sender of the query , It’s unicast to sender of query
packet.

VLAN
 VLAN is a virtual local area network.
 VLAN can not communicate without network
layer.
 Devices on different VLAN must have a router to
communicate with each other.
 If devices are on the same VLAN, then they can
communicate through a switch.

Thank You
Any Query

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