Design a Talking Energy Meter based on Microcontroller

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 05 Issue: 01 | Jan-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1336
DESIGN A TALKING ENERGY METER BASED ON MICROCONTROLLER
Ms. Raksha R. Sharma1, Ms. Kalyani P. Wath2, Mr. Yogesh P. Bawangade3, Prof. M. D. Ghatole4
1,2,3 UG Students, Electrical Engineering, DES’s COET, Dhamangaon Rly, Maharashtra (India)
4Assitant Professor, Electrical Engineering, DES’s COET, Dhamangaon Rly, Maharashtra (India)
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Abstract - In recent years, the demand for electricity has
increased in households with the use of different appliances.
This raises a concern to many developed and developing
nations with the demand in immediate increase of electricity.
People are unaware of energy consumed by various
appliances. An electricity meter is a device that measures the
amount of electric energy consumed by various electrical
appliances. The main drawback of previously used traditional
meters is that they do not provide information to the
consumers, which is accomplished with the help of Talking
Energy Meter. As power consumption is increasing day by day
there should be more focus on understanding consumption
patterns. Traditional electromechanical energy meters are
now replaced by electronic meters in domestic as well as
commercial applications. This project is aims to design a
circuit which helps the consumer in taking care of the
electrical energy consumption. This system helps the users by
alerting them about the billing status and unit consumption.
The “Talking Energy Meter” using ATMEGA328
Microcontroller is an exclusive system which isusedtohelpthe
deaf and dumb people to announce their requirements using
voice module aPR33A3. This aims to provide a user friendly
interaction.
Key words: ATMEGA328 Microcontroller, Energy Meter,
Power Consumption, Threshold Limit, Unit Consumption,
Voice Module
1. INTRODUCTION
In the early phase of household technology, delivery of
electricity is completely depended on traditional energy
meters. These meters play a key role in measuring the
consumption of electrical energy in individual households.
The usage of these metershas been slowlydecliningwiththe
improvement in technology asfast changeshasbeenmadeto
encounter the problems occurred by the traditional meters.
The major problem arises when habitants are unaware of
their daily behavior. Monthly feedback given to the
consumers is not sufficient as the consumers will not have
knowledge on how much energy does the individual
appliances consume. To overcome the problems of
traditional electricity meters, electronic meter or static
energy meter comes in picture. Now a day’s, technology is
developing rapidly. High automatedandsecuredsystemsare
preferred in all fields including electricity distribution.
Electrical energy is universally accepted as an essential
commodity for human beings. Energy is the prime mover of
economic growth and is vital to the sustenance of modern
economy. Future economic growth crucially dependson the
long term availability of energy from its sources.
The Microcontroller based “Talking Energy Meter” mainly
aims at the middle class and the lower class family to bring
their electricity bill down with the help of the power
consumption alert system. It benefits the government as it
is helps in reducing the power consumption and
succeedingly can reduce the unusual power usage. Energy
meters being deployed at homes are used for reading the
power that is being consumed. Each consumer may fix a
customized threshold value (unit). If thevaluereaches above
the threshold, it will alert to the consumer by voice module.
This system may install at any place where the energy
consumption should be regularly monitored and controlled.
The consumers can fix their own threshold budget values
and can be easily customized based on their requirements.
This is used to continuously monitor the meter reading and
give monthly information about the number of units
consumed along with its cost to the consumer. It also alerts
the user if someone tries to steal the electricity from meter
by using IR sensor and cut the line and inform the Electricity
Board by mobile application.
Major components used in this system are Microcontroller
ATMEGA 328, Energy Meter, GSM module, Voice Module
aPR33A3, IR Sensor. Microcontroller is the central unit of
this system and is connected to GSM module, Voice Module
aPR33A3 and energy meter through various ports.
Microcontroller drives the voice module to play the voice
messages based on the energy meter readings. The typical
voice alerts are like “threshold limit is reached”, “pay
electricity bill” etc. This system also consistsof a LCDdisplay
that continuously displaysthe energy meter readingsinreal
time. This can be achieved by the use of microcontroller
ATMEGA 328 unit that is used to monitor and records the
energy usage readings in its memory. The microcontroller
that we use here is ATMEGA 328.
2. LITERATURE SURVEY
In order to design this project, literature review has been
made from various sources like journal, books, article and
others. This chapter includes all important studies which
have been done previously by other research work. It is
importance to do the literature review before doing the
project. The review of the work is given as follows:

In Power Consumption Alert System [2], theydesignacircuit
which helps the consumer in taking care of the electrical
energy consumption, to make the consumer aware and to
control the excess power consumption. This system will
inform the consumer about their usage rate via SMS. Once
the maximum threshold value is reached, power is cut off
with a prior notification to the consumer. Due to this,
customer feels inconveniency in emergency condition. This
system gives the alert to the consumer via SMS only.
GSM based talking energy meter [5] is used to monitor and
alert the consumer of their power usage. But the hardware
required for this system is very complex.
In our system, we have covered all the drawbacksof existing
system. Basically talking energy meter based on
microcontroller is used to give the alert of energy usage if
the set limit get exceeds, billing status etc. The
microcontroller which we have used here is ATMEGA 328,it
has 32K of flash memory, 1K of EEPROM and 2K of internal
SRAM (Static Random Access Memory).
3. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
The different literatures are studied which helped in
designing a new system for monitoring and giving the alerts
to the consumers.
3.1 Drawbacks of Existing System
a) Manual Interference
Traditionalmeter reading of electricity consumptionisdone
my human operator by visiting one place to another inevery
month. This takes more time to collect the data from each
and every user and also requiresmore human operator.Due
to human interference, error may occur in reading and
results error in billing too.
b) Electricity usage is not monitored
There is no knowledge of electricity usage because in
existing system only monthly bill comes so consumers not
get aware about their daily usage.
c) No Provision for energy stealing
In previous meter, if energy gets theft by the other people,
owner not gets information about the stealingoftheirenergy
meter. And owner get suffer from this.
3.2 Proposed System
In proposed system, all the drawbacks of existingsystemare
overcome. Talking Energy Meter based onmicrocontrolleris
design to give voice alert and monitor the energy usage.
Voice can be in any language so that it easy to understandfor
common people. It is more convenient to physicallydisabled
people.
4. WORKING OF TALKING ENERGY METER BASED
ON MICROCONTROLLER
The purpose behind this system is to design a circuit which
aware the consumer about their energy usage by giving the
voice alert when consumed energy get exceedsthethreshold
limit which is set by the user according to their requirement.
It also helps to monitor the electrical energy usage and
protect the meter if someone tries to theft the electricity by
cutting the line of meter with prior SMS to the electricity
board. The block diagram of Talking Energy Meter based on
Microcontroller is shown in fig. 4.
An AC source is given to the electric energy meter and from
this; the load is connected to the meter via a relay switch.
The fourth LED of the energy meter is given to one of the
digital pins of microcontroller ATMEGA 328 at port C as
shown in fig. 4. The microcontroller is connectedtothevoice
module and the GSM module. The GSM module is used to
send and receive messages via a mobile network to give
daily alerts. The energy values once taken from the energy
meter are digitized and processed with the help of a
microcontroller ATMEGA 328. The billing of the
corresponding energy usage is determined and per unitrate
of consumption is set at the time of programming. The
threshold unit value is set for which the consumption level
increase is notified to the user. And the user can change that
threshold limit according to the requirement by using dome
switch.
A relay switch is connected with the microcontrollerandthe
load which is used to cut the supply if someone tries to steal
the electricity. It is used asprotection purpose.VoiceModule
is used to give the alert when consumption of units exceeds
the set limit by user. As soon as the limit exceeds, the voice
alert occur and SMS get send on registered mobile number.
4.1 Components Used
4.1.1 Hardware Requirements
a) Energy Meter
b) Microcontroller ATMEGA 328
c) LCD
d) GSM Module
e) Relay
f) DS1307 RTC
g) Voltage Regulator IC 7805
h) IR Sensor
i) Voice Module
4.1.2 Software Requirement
a) Arduino IDE

Fig. 4: Block Diagram of Talking Energy Meter based on
Microcontroller
5. RESULT
The project “Design a Talking Energy Meter based
on Microcontroller” is design such that whenever the usage
of energy exceeds the threshold value which is set by user, it
announces an alert message which was already predefined
in the voice circuit. The SMS of monthly billing status is also
sends on user’s mobile number which is mentioned in
program. The snapshot of SMS is shown in fig. 5.
Fig. 5: Snapshot of Received Message of Billing Status and
Energy Usage Status
6. CONCLUSION
The Talking Energy Meter based on Microcontroller is used
to alert the user whenever the usage of energy exceeds the
threshold value which can be set by user by using dome
switch, it announces a voice message which is already
predefined in the voice module. This helps in saving
electricity and also keeping the electricity bills under limits.
It not only benefits the consumer, but also benefits the
government as it is capable of reducing the power
consumption and subsequently can reduce the unusual
power usage. By using this meter, customer can manage
their energy consumption.
A small module consisting of the Microcontroller ATMEGA
328, Voice Module aPR33A3, IR Sensor, GSM Module and
RTC DS 1307 can be installed with energy meter to makethe
electricity consumption smarter. In this system, the use of
GSM and voice module provides numerous advantages over
the methods that have been previously used.
7. FUTURE SCOPE
Our project “Design a Talking Energy Meter based on
Microcontroller” is mainly intended to get a voice alert if
usage goes beyond a set value. This system used a voice
module into which a predefined alert voice messages are
stored. And also it sendsthe SMS to user of billing statusand
when preset limit is exceeds.
The size of this project can be compact by using advanced
processor. It can be modified to detect the faulty condition
like over voltage, over current, earthing fault etc.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We take this opportunity to express our gratitude and
indebtedness to our guide Mr. M. D. Ghatole, Assistant
Professor, Electrical (E & P) department, who is a constant
source of guidance and inspiration in preparing this work.
We express our sincere gratitude towards H.o.D., Mr. B. S.
Rakhonde, and Assistant Professor whose constant helpand
encouragement helped usto completeourProjectreport.We
are grateful to Dr. L. P. Dhamande, Principal for his
encouragement and support.
We are also thankful to all the staff members of Electrical
(E & P) department, whose suggestions helped us to
complete the Project Work.
REFERENCES
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[6] Md. Wasi-ur-Rahman, Mohammad Tanvir Rahman,
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[8] Vijeta Pal, Pankaj Bisht, “Microcontroller Based
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[10] V. Vinu, “Wireless Communication System for
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