The document summarizes the key properties and classifications of aggregates used to make concrete. It discusses that aggregates provide bulk and strength to concrete. It classifies aggregates based on their geological origin, size, shape, grading, and unit weight. The summary properties of fine and coarse aggregates are also provided, including requirements for good aggregates.
Concrete is a mixture of paste and aggregates. Aggregates make up 60-75% of concrete and include sand, gravel, or crushed stone. Aggregates are classified as fine or coarse based on their size, and can be natural or manufactured. Tests are performed on aggregates to determine properties like grading, shape, density, moisture content, and durability which influence the properties of fresh and hardened concrete. Proper aggregate selection and testing is important for producing high quality, high strength concrete.
This document discusses the physical and chemical properties of aggregates that are important for their use in highway construction. It describes key properties like absorption, porosity, permeability, surface texture, strength, density, specific gravity, hardness, particle shape, and coatings. It also discusses undesirable components and how the chemical composition, reactions with asphalt and cement, and surface charge of aggregates are important. Finally, it provides an overview of the general uses of aggregates in compacted bases and mixes, hot mix asphalt, Portland cement concrete, and other applications.
Aggregates make up 60-75% of the total volume of concrete and include materials like gravel, sand, and crushed stone. The physical properties of aggregates that are important for concrete include unit weight, void content, specific gravity, particle shape and surface texture, shrinkage, absorption, and resistance to freezing and thawing. Proper aggregate selection and testing physical properties helps ensure high-quality concrete with good strength and durability.
Aggregates are inert materials mixed with cement or lime to make mortar or concrete. They are classified based on size as fine aggregates, which pass through a 4.75mm sieve, or coarse aggregates, which are larger. Common aggregates include sand, gravel, crushed stone, and manufactured lightweight or heavyweight materials. Aggregates are selected based on properties like strength, hardness, durability, and freedom from impurities. Their size, shape, grading, moisture content and other physical properties influence the properties of the concrete.
This document discusses the classification and properties of aggregates used in concrete. It describes three main classifications of aggregates: 1) based on unit weight as normal, heavyweight, or lightweight, 2) based on size as fine or coarse aggregate, and 3) based on shape as rounded, irregular, angular, or flaky. It then discusses various physical and engineering properties of aggregates including size, shape, strength, surface texture, specific gravity, bulk density, water absorption, and soundness. The purpose is to provide information on aggregates for use in concrete mixtures in civil engineering applications.
Bulk density is defined as the mass of an aggregate per unit volume and is affected by how densely the particles are packed, their size, shape, grading, and moisture content. Angular aggregates have lower bulk densities than rounded ones. Bulk density determines the type of concrete an aggregate can be used in and is needed to convert weight-based mix designs to volume-based ones. Fine aggregates experience bulking when moisture forms films around particles, keeping them farther apart and increasing volume by 15-30% typically. The maximum bulking occurs at an intermediate moisture content.
Aggregate are important constituents in concrete, making up 70-80% of its volume. Aggregates can be classified in several ways: by size (coarse or fine), source (natural or manufactured), unit weight (lightweight, normal weight, or heavyweight), shape (rounded, angular, flaky), and surface texture (smooth, granular, crystalline). Ideal aggregates are hard, strong, durable, dense, clean, and free of materials that could compromise the concrete. Tests are conducted on aggregates to determine properties like particle size, impact value, crushing value, and abrasion value to ensure good quality for use in concrete.
Aggregates introduction, types and propertiesAyaz khan
This document discusses different types of aggregates used in concrete. There are four main types of aggregates: natural aggregates like granite, limestone, and sandstone; artificial aggregates like slag; aggregates classified by size like fine aggregates less than 4.75mm and coarse aggregates larger; and aggregates classified by shape like rounded, flaky or elongated. Important properties of aggregates include specific gravity, bulk density, moisture content, absorption, and crushing strength. Natural aggregates are preferred as they are stronger and less porous than artificial aggregates.
Concrete is a mixture of paste and aggregates. Aggregates make up 60-75% of concrete and include sand, gravel, or crushed stone. Aggregates are classified as fine or coarse based on their size, and can be natural or manufactured. Tests are performed on aggregates to determine properties like grading, shape, density, moisture content, and durability which influence the properties of fresh and hardened concrete. Proper aggregate selection and testing is important for producing high quality, high strength concrete.
This document discusses the physical and chemical properties of aggregates that are important for their use in highway construction. It describes key properties like absorption, porosity, permeability, surface texture, strength, density, specific gravity, hardness, particle shape, and coatings. It also discusses undesirable components and how the chemical composition, reactions with asphalt and cement, and surface charge of aggregates are important. Finally, it provides an overview of the general uses of aggregates in compacted bases and mixes, hot mix asphalt, Portland cement concrete, and other applications.
Aggregates make up 60-75% of the total volume of concrete and include materials like gravel, sand, and crushed stone. The physical properties of aggregates that are important for concrete include unit weight, void content, specific gravity, particle shape and surface texture, shrinkage, absorption, and resistance to freezing and thawing. Proper aggregate selection and testing physical properties helps ensure high-quality concrete with good strength and durability.
Aggregates are inert materials mixed with cement or lime to make mortar or concrete. They are classified based on size as fine aggregates, which pass through a 4.75mm sieve, or coarse aggregates, which are larger. Common aggregates include sand, gravel, crushed stone, and manufactured lightweight or heavyweight materials. Aggregates are selected based on properties like strength, hardness, durability, and freedom from impurities. Their size, shape, grading, moisture content and other physical properties influence the properties of the concrete.
This document discusses the classification and properties of aggregates used in concrete. It describes three main classifications of aggregates: 1) based on unit weight as normal, heavyweight, or lightweight, 2) based on size as fine or coarse aggregate, and 3) based on shape as rounded, irregular, angular, or flaky. It then discusses various physical and engineering properties of aggregates including size, shape, strength, surface texture, specific gravity, bulk density, water absorption, and soundness. The purpose is to provide information on aggregates for use in concrete mixtures in civil engineering applications.
Bulk density is defined as the mass of an aggregate per unit volume and is affected by how densely the particles are packed, their size, shape, grading, and moisture content. Angular aggregates have lower bulk densities than rounded ones. Bulk density determines the type of concrete an aggregate can be used in and is needed to convert weight-based mix designs to volume-based ones. Fine aggregates experience bulking when moisture forms films around particles, keeping them farther apart and increasing volume by 15-30% typically. The maximum bulking occurs at an intermediate moisture content.
Aggregate are important constituents in concrete, making up 70-80% of its volume. Aggregates can be classified in several ways: by size (coarse or fine), source (natural or manufactured), unit weight (lightweight, normal weight, or heavyweight), shape (rounded, angular, flaky), and surface texture (smooth, granular, crystalline). Ideal aggregates are hard, strong, durable, dense, clean, and free of materials that could compromise the concrete. Tests are conducted on aggregates to determine properties like particle size, impact value, crushing value, and abrasion value to ensure good quality for use in concrete.
Aggregates introduction, types and propertiesAyaz khan
This document discusses different types of aggregates used in concrete. There are four main types of aggregates: natural aggregates like granite, limestone, and sandstone; artificial aggregates like slag; aggregates classified by size like fine aggregates less than 4.75mm and coarse aggregates larger; and aggregates classified by shape like rounded, flaky or elongated. Important properties of aggregates include specific gravity, bulk density, moisture content, absorption, and crushing strength. Natural aggregates are preferred as they are stronger and less porous than artificial aggregates.
Introduction To Aggregates Its Properties And Effectson ConcreteUmar Ahad
Introduction to use of aggregates in concrete. Various Properties of aggregates and their effect on fresh and hardened concrete. Flakiness and Elongation Index of Concrete have also been discussed. Various tests performed for suitable usage of concrete in Civil engineering projects have also been discussed.
Aggregates make up 70-80% of concrete by volume and can be natural materials like sand, gravel, granite or artificial like slag or fly ash. They are classified based on weight as normal, light or heavy; size as fine or coarse; and shape as rounded, irregular, angular or flat. Good aggregates are hard, durable, free of organic materials and have low crushing, impact and abrasion values. Tests are conducted to evaluate aggregates for use in concrete.
This document discusses aggregates which are a key ingredient in concrete. It defines aggregates as a combination of different sized stones with a maximum size of 75mm. Aggregates are used as an underlying material for foundations and pavements and as an ingredient in concrete. The document classifies aggregates based on size, source, and density. It discusses important physical properties of aggregates such as strength, hardness, toughness, durability, porosity, and water absorption. It emphasizes that aggregates must be hard, durable, clean and free of impurities that could affect concrete hardness or damage reinforcement. Overall gradation and proper sizing of aggregates is important for quality concrete.
Concrete is made by mixing cement, water, coarse and fine aggregates, and sometimes admixtures. The goal is to mix these components in proper amounts to produce concrete that is easy to transport, place, compact, finish, and that will harden into a strong and durable material. Concrete has high compressive strength but low tensile strength, so it is usually reinforced with steel. The concrete mix must have the desired qualities like resistance to freezing/thawing and being water tight. Economy is important, so the water-cement ratio should be minimized to reduce costs. Aggregates make up most of the concrete's volume and weight and come in coarse and fine types. The shape and texture of aggregates mainly affect the
This document discusses different types of aggregates used in concrete based on their source, size, shape, and unit weight. It describes natural aggregates obtained from various rock types as well as artificial aggregates produced through chemical reactions or processing of natural aggregates. It also categorizes aggregates as fine, coarse, or all-in based on their size and discusses how aggregate properties like shape, surface texture, specific gravity, and shrinkage influence the properties of concrete.
Classification, properties and extraction of AggregatesZeeshan Afzal
Aggregate:
Aggregates are defined as inert, granular, and inorganic material that normally consist of stone or stone like solids.
Aggregates are used :
In road bases as Asphalt Aggregates.
With ordinary Portland cement(OPC) as normal aggregates as fills in foundations and as aggregate accordingly to project specific studies.
About three-fourth (75%) of the volume of Portland cement concrete is occupied by aggregates. Other 25% include cementing materials like cement, sand and synthetic admixtures.Asphalt cement concrete occupy 90% or more of the total volume. The remaining portion is mainly sand and Bitumen which acts as cementing material in is Asphalt Aggregates.
Road Aggregate
Road aggregate are the non-active inert material used to provide mass to the base and sub-base courses.
Road aggregate should have high strength to bear the traffic load.
Road aggregates must have higher impact value to withstand the Tyre impact phenomenon.
By volume, aggregate generally account for 92 to 96% of bituminous concrete.
Road aggregates should have relatively:
High strength
High resistance to impact & abrasion
Impermeable
Chemically inert
Low coefficient of expansion
Concrete Aggregate:
Portland cement concrete occupy volume of about 70-80% of aggregates.
Fine aggregates are used in making thin concrete slabs where a smooth surface is required. Fine aggregate is commonly known as Pan.
Coarse aggregate is used for more massive members.
Fine aggregates are used in making thin concrete slabs where a smooth surface is required. Fine aggregate is commonly known as Pan.
Coarse aggregate is used for more massive members.
Fine aggregates are used in making thin concrete slabs where a smooth surface is required. Fine aggregate is commonly known as Pan.
Coarse aggregate is used for more massive members.
Siliceous material in aggregates
The siliceous materials are Opal, Chalcedony, Flint & Volcanic Glass.
These siliceous materials have Deleterious reaction, if high alkali-cement is used.
This can be avoided by using low alkali-cement and also by adding Pozzolana to the Mix.
Alkali-aggregate reaction can also occur
The percentage of strained Quartz in the aggregate also have deleterious reaction.
If Percentage of Strained Quartz is >40%, were highly reative.
Between 30-35% were moderate reative.
Argillaceous dolostones ( containing clay minerals) may expand when used with high alkali-cement.
The expansion is due to uptake moisture by the clay minerals.
Aggregates make up 70-80% of concrete by volume and can be classified by source, size, shape, and other properties. Their properties affect the workability, strength, and economics of concrete. Igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks are common sources. Aggregate size, shape, texture, strength, and durability all impact the performance of concrete. Tests are used to evaluate aggregate crushing strength, impact resistance, and abrasion characteristics important for different concreting applications. Proper aggregate selection and testing are essential for producing high quality concrete.
CON 121 Session 3 - Standards and Evaluationalpenaccedu
This document discusses standards and evaluation of fine and coarse concrete aggregates. It covers particle size ranges, grading requirements, fineness modulus calculations, aggregate types (normal weight, lightweight, heavyweight), maximum size versus nominal maximum size, and how aggregate selection impacts water demand and void content. Standards are provided by ASTM and state DOT specifications. Videos are recommended to further explain key topics like grading limits and void reduction.
1) The document discusses different types of aggregates used in construction including their classification, physical properties, and testing methods.
2) Aggregates are classified based on size, source, and density. Common physical properties examined include shape, texture, strength, specific gravity, porosity, and moisture content.
3) Key tests described are for crushing strength, impact value, abrasion resistance, specific gravity, absorption, and moisture content. Proper testing ensures aggregates meet requirements for uses like concrete.
Concrete Technology, PPT Based On Unit 2 (Aggregates)
In this PPT you Can studied about Types of aggregates, its properties, and Laboratory testing on it.
By- Prof K.S.Somase
(Assistant professor of Gurukul Education society's Institute of engineering and technology, Nandgaon
Aggregates are granular materials such as sand, gravel, crushed stone and recycled concrete used with cementing materials like cement or asphalt to produce concrete or asphalt. They make up 75% of concrete and over 90% of asphalt. Aggregates must be strong, durable and meet certain shape and size requirements. Common tests evaluate properties like strength, hardness, absorption and abrasion resistance. Sources of aggregates in Pakistan include limestone from Margalla Hills and Salt Range as well as dolomite deposits in Hazara and Kashmir regions.
Lecture 4, constituents of concrete-coarse aggregateDr. H.M.A. Mahzuz
Coarse aggregates are granular materials larger than 4.75mm used in concrete. They act as an inexpensive filler and provide stability. Coarse aggregates improve the strength, durability, and water resistance of concrete. Their shape and properties influence the concrete's properties - angular aggregates provide the best interlocking and bond strength compared to rounded aggregates. Common types of coarse aggregates used in Bangladesh include stone from Jaflong and brick chips.
This document discusses different types and classifications of aggregates. Aggregates are materials used as fillers in construction and include sand, gravel, crushed stone, and recycled concrete. They are classified based on unit weight as normal weight, lightweight, or heavyweight aggregates. Aggregates are also classified based on size as fine aggregates, which are smaller than 4.75mm, or coarse aggregates, which are larger. Additional classifications include shape (rounded, irregular, etc.), texture (glassy, granular, etc.), and applications such as for foundations, roads, and as a constituent in concrete.
This document discusses the importance and characteristics of aggregates used in concrete. It states that aggregates make up 60-75% of concrete by volume and influence its properties. Fine aggregates are generally sand smaller than 5mm, while coarse aggregates are gravel or crushed stone between 5mm and 37.5mm. The document outlines various aggregate characteristics that are important for concrete, such as grading, shape, strength, and durability. It emphasizes that the right aggregates are crucial for producing high quality concrete.
Concrete aggregates make up 70-75% of concrete by volume and influence its properties like strength, durability, and economy. Aggregates are classified based on source, petrological characteristics, unit weight, and size. Their shape, surface texture, grading, and mineral composition affect workability and bonding. Aggregates provide mass to resist loads, act as a filler, and reduce volume changes during curing. Proper sampling and testing ensures aggregates meet specifications for use in concrete.
This document summarizes the classification and properties of aggregates used in construction. It defines aggregates as inert materials mixed with cement or lime for mortar or concrete. Aggregates are classified as fine or coarse based on particle size. Common fine aggregates include sand from various sources, while coarse aggregates include crushed stone and gravel. Key properties discussed include size, shape, composition and performance in tests such as crushing value, impact value and abrasion value. Sieve analysis is also described to determine particle size distribution. An ideal aggregate is characterized as hard, strong, dense and free of impurities to provide durable concrete.
This document discusses aggregates and mortar. It defines aggregates as granular materials used in concrete, which occupy 70-80% of concrete volume. Aggregates are classified based on size, source, unit weight, and shape. Tests conducted on aggregates include particle size, impact value, crushing value, and abrasion value. Mortar is made by mixing a binding material, fine aggregate, and water. The types of mortar discussed are cement mortar, lime mortar, mud mortar, lightweight mortar, and fire resistant mortar. Mortar properties like workability, water retention, stiffening, and strength are also covered.
A presentation about Coarse Aggregate & Fine Aggregate on Civil Engineering subject. Due to privacy concern, only the group members names are kept where the student ID's are removed.
This document provides a presentation on aggregates given by four students at LAXMI Institute of Technology, Sarigam and guided by Nikita Chouhan. It defines aggregates as granular materials that make up 70-80% of concrete's volume. Aggregates are classified based on size, source, unit weight, shape, surface texture, and other properties. Key tests conducted on aggregates include sieve analysis, specific gravity, crushing value, impact value, and abrasion value. The ideal properties of aggregates for concrete are also discussed.
Final Year Project To find the Mechanical Properties of Concrete Using Crumb ...Suresh Thakur
This document summarizes a student project studying the mechanical properties of concrete with crumb rubber as a replacement for fine aggregates. The project is conducted by 5 students and examines the effect of adding crumb rubber on the workability, strength, water absorption, and thermal insulation of concrete. Testing is done on concrete mixtures with varying percentages of crumb rubber replacement. The results show that compressive strength, slump, and density decrease with higher crumb rubber content, while water absorption decreases and thermal insulation initially increases then decreases. Future work could examine additional properties and use different forms of waste tire materials.
The document provides information on aggregates used in concrete, including their definition, classification, properties, grading, and tests. It defines aggregates as materials such as sand and gravel used to make concrete and mortar. Aggregates are classified by their geological origin, size, and shape. Their properties including strength, absorption, and density are described. The importance of proper grading of aggregates for density and strength of concrete is discussed. Common tests on aggregates like crushing value, impact value, and abrasion value are outlined.
The document discusses the types, properties, and classifications of aggregates used to make concrete. It describes how aggregates provide bulk and strength to concrete while reducing shrinkage. Various tests are used to evaluate the size, shape, strength, density and other physical properties of aggregates to ensure they will perform well when used to manufacture durable concrete.
Introduction To Aggregates Its Properties And Effectson ConcreteUmar Ahad
Introduction to use of aggregates in concrete. Various Properties of aggregates and their effect on fresh and hardened concrete. Flakiness and Elongation Index of Concrete have also been discussed. Various tests performed for suitable usage of concrete in Civil engineering projects have also been discussed.
Aggregates make up 70-80% of concrete by volume and can be natural materials like sand, gravel, granite or artificial like slag or fly ash. They are classified based on weight as normal, light or heavy; size as fine or coarse; and shape as rounded, irregular, angular or flat. Good aggregates are hard, durable, free of organic materials and have low crushing, impact and abrasion values. Tests are conducted to evaluate aggregates for use in concrete.
This document discusses aggregates which are a key ingredient in concrete. It defines aggregates as a combination of different sized stones with a maximum size of 75mm. Aggregates are used as an underlying material for foundations and pavements and as an ingredient in concrete. The document classifies aggregates based on size, source, and density. It discusses important physical properties of aggregates such as strength, hardness, toughness, durability, porosity, and water absorption. It emphasizes that aggregates must be hard, durable, clean and free of impurities that could affect concrete hardness or damage reinforcement. Overall gradation and proper sizing of aggregates is important for quality concrete.
Concrete is made by mixing cement, water, coarse and fine aggregates, and sometimes admixtures. The goal is to mix these components in proper amounts to produce concrete that is easy to transport, place, compact, finish, and that will harden into a strong and durable material. Concrete has high compressive strength but low tensile strength, so it is usually reinforced with steel. The concrete mix must have the desired qualities like resistance to freezing/thawing and being water tight. Economy is important, so the water-cement ratio should be minimized to reduce costs. Aggregates make up most of the concrete's volume and weight and come in coarse and fine types. The shape and texture of aggregates mainly affect the
This document discusses different types of aggregates used in concrete based on their source, size, shape, and unit weight. It describes natural aggregates obtained from various rock types as well as artificial aggregates produced through chemical reactions or processing of natural aggregates. It also categorizes aggregates as fine, coarse, or all-in based on their size and discusses how aggregate properties like shape, surface texture, specific gravity, and shrinkage influence the properties of concrete.
Classification, properties and extraction of AggregatesZeeshan Afzal
Aggregate:
Aggregates are defined as inert, granular, and inorganic material that normally consist of stone or stone like solids.
Aggregates are used :
In road bases as Asphalt Aggregates.
With ordinary Portland cement(OPC) as normal aggregates as fills in foundations and as aggregate accordingly to project specific studies.
About three-fourth (75%) of the volume of Portland cement concrete is occupied by aggregates. Other 25% include cementing materials like cement, sand and synthetic admixtures.Asphalt cement concrete occupy 90% or more of the total volume. The remaining portion is mainly sand and Bitumen which acts as cementing material in is Asphalt Aggregates.
Road Aggregate
Road aggregate are the non-active inert material used to provide mass to the base and sub-base courses.
Road aggregate should have high strength to bear the traffic load.
Road aggregates must have higher impact value to withstand the Tyre impact phenomenon.
By volume, aggregate generally account for 92 to 96% of bituminous concrete.
Road aggregates should have relatively:
High strength
High resistance to impact & abrasion
Impermeable
Chemically inert
Low coefficient of expansion
Concrete Aggregate:
Portland cement concrete occupy volume of about 70-80% of aggregates.
Fine aggregates are used in making thin concrete slabs where a smooth surface is required. Fine aggregate is commonly known as Pan.
Coarse aggregate is used for more massive members.
Fine aggregates are used in making thin concrete slabs where a smooth surface is required. Fine aggregate is commonly known as Pan.
Coarse aggregate is used for more massive members.
Fine aggregates are used in making thin concrete slabs where a smooth surface is required. Fine aggregate is commonly known as Pan.
Coarse aggregate is used for more massive members.
Siliceous material in aggregates
The siliceous materials are Opal, Chalcedony, Flint & Volcanic Glass.
These siliceous materials have Deleterious reaction, if high alkali-cement is used.
This can be avoided by using low alkali-cement and also by adding Pozzolana to the Mix.
Alkali-aggregate reaction can also occur
The percentage of strained Quartz in the aggregate also have deleterious reaction.
If Percentage of Strained Quartz is >40%, were highly reative.
Between 30-35% were moderate reative.
Argillaceous dolostones ( containing clay minerals) may expand when used with high alkali-cement.
The expansion is due to uptake moisture by the clay minerals.
Aggregates make up 70-80% of concrete by volume and can be classified by source, size, shape, and other properties. Their properties affect the workability, strength, and economics of concrete. Igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks are common sources. Aggregate size, shape, texture, strength, and durability all impact the performance of concrete. Tests are used to evaluate aggregate crushing strength, impact resistance, and abrasion characteristics important for different concreting applications. Proper aggregate selection and testing are essential for producing high quality concrete.
CON 121 Session 3 - Standards and Evaluationalpenaccedu
This document discusses standards and evaluation of fine and coarse concrete aggregates. It covers particle size ranges, grading requirements, fineness modulus calculations, aggregate types (normal weight, lightweight, heavyweight), maximum size versus nominal maximum size, and how aggregate selection impacts water demand and void content. Standards are provided by ASTM and state DOT specifications. Videos are recommended to further explain key topics like grading limits and void reduction.
1) The document discusses different types of aggregates used in construction including their classification, physical properties, and testing methods.
2) Aggregates are classified based on size, source, and density. Common physical properties examined include shape, texture, strength, specific gravity, porosity, and moisture content.
3) Key tests described are for crushing strength, impact value, abrasion resistance, specific gravity, absorption, and moisture content. Proper testing ensures aggregates meet requirements for uses like concrete.
Concrete Technology, PPT Based On Unit 2 (Aggregates)
In this PPT you Can studied about Types of aggregates, its properties, and Laboratory testing on it.
By- Prof K.S.Somase
(Assistant professor of Gurukul Education society's Institute of engineering and technology, Nandgaon
Aggregates are granular materials such as sand, gravel, crushed stone and recycled concrete used with cementing materials like cement or asphalt to produce concrete or asphalt. They make up 75% of concrete and over 90% of asphalt. Aggregates must be strong, durable and meet certain shape and size requirements. Common tests evaluate properties like strength, hardness, absorption and abrasion resistance. Sources of aggregates in Pakistan include limestone from Margalla Hills and Salt Range as well as dolomite deposits in Hazara and Kashmir regions.
Lecture 4, constituents of concrete-coarse aggregateDr. H.M.A. Mahzuz
Coarse aggregates are granular materials larger than 4.75mm used in concrete. They act as an inexpensive filler and provide stability. Coarse aggregates improve the strength, durability, and water resistance of concrete. Their shape and properties influence the concrete's properties - angular aggregates provide the best interlocking and bond strength compared to rounded aggregates. Common types of coarse aggregates used in Bangladesh include stone from Jaflong and brick chips.
This document discusses different types and classifications of aggregates. Aggregates are materials used as fillers in construction and include sand, gravel, crushed stone, and recycled concrete. They are classified based on unit weight as normal weight, lightweight, or heavyweight aggregates. Aggregates are also classified based on size as fine aggregates, which are smaller than 4.75mm, or coarse aggregates, which are larger. Additional classifications include shape (rounded, irregular, etc.), texture (glassy, granular, etc.), and applications such as for foundations, roads, and as a constituent in concrete.
This document discusses the importance and characteristics of aggregates used in concrete. It states that aggregates make up 60-75% of concrete by volume and influence its properties. Fine aggregates are generally sand smaller than 5mm, while coarse aggregates are gravel or crushed stone between 5mm and 37.5mm. The document outlines various aggregate characteristics that are important for concrete, such as grading, shape, strength, and durability. It emphasizes that the right aggregates are crucial for producing high quality concrete.
Concrete aggregates make up 70-75% of concrete by volume and influence its properties like strength, durability, and economy. Aggregates are classified based on source, petrological characteristics, unit weight, and size. Their shape, surface texture, grading, and mineral composition affect workability and bonding. Aggregates provide mass to resist loads, act as a filler, and reduce volume changes during curing. Proper sampling and testing ensures aggregates meet specifications for use in concrete.
This document summarizes the classification and properties of aggregates used in construction. It defines aggregates as inert materials mixed with cement or lime for mortar or concrete. Aggregates are classified as fine or coarse based on particle size. Common fine aggregates include sand from various sources, while coarse aggregates include crushed stone and gravel. Key properties discussed include size, shape, composition and performance in tests such as crushing value, impact value and abrasion value. Sieve analysis is also described to determine particle size distribution. An ideal aggregate is characterized as hard, strong, dense and free of impurities to provide durable concrete.
This document discusses aggregates and mortar. It defines aggregates as granular materials used in concrete, which occupy 70-80% of concrete volume. Aggregates are classified based on size, source, unit weight, and shape. Tests conducted on aggregates include particle size, impact value, crushing value, and abrasion value. Mortar is made by mixing a binding material, fine aggregate, and water. The types of mortar discussed are cement mortar, lime mortar, mud mortar, lightweight mortar, and fire resistant mortar. Mortar properties like workability, water retention, stiffening, and strength are also covered.
A presentation about Coarse Aggregate & Fine Aggregate on Civil Engineering subject. Due to privacy concern, only the group members names are kept where the student ID's are removed.
This document provides a presentation on aggregates given by four students at LAXMI Institute of Technology, Sarigam and guided by Nikita Chouhan. It defines aggregates as granular materials that make up 70-80% of concrete's volume. Aggregates are classified based on size, source, unit weight, shape, surface texture, and other properties. Key tests conducted on aggregates include sieve analysis, specific gravity, crushing value, impact value, and abrasion value. The ideal properties of aggregates for concrete are also discussed.
Final Year Project To find the Mechanical Properties of Concrete Using Crumb ...Suresh Thakur
This document summarizes a student project studying the mechanical properties of concrete with crumb rubber as a replacement for fine aggregates. The project is conducted by 5 students and examines the effect of adding crumb rubber on the workability, strength, water absorption, and thermal insulation of concrete. Testing is done on concrete mixtures with varying percentages of crumb rubber replacement. The results show that compressive strength, slump, and density decrease with higher crumb rubber content, while water absorption decreases and thermal insulation initially increases then decreases. Future work could examine additional properties and use different forms of waste tire materials.
The document provides information on aggregates used in concrete, including their definition, classification, properties, grading, and tests. It defines aggregates as materials such as sand and gravel used to make concrete and mortar. Aggregates are classified by their geological origin, size, and shape. Their properties including strength, absorption, and density are described. The importance of proper grading of aggregates for density and strength of concrete is discussed. Common tests on aggregates like crushing value, impact value, and abrasion value are outlined.
The document discusses the types, properties, and classifications of aggregates used to make concrete. It describes how aggregates provide bulk and strength to concrete while reducing shrinkage. Various tests are used to evaluate the size, shape, strength, density and other physical properties of aggregates to ensure they will perform well when used to manufacture durable concrete.
Aggregates are a combination of different sized stones used in construction. They are classified based on size, source, and density. Fine aggregates are less than 5mm while coarse aggregates are greater than 5mm. Natural aggregates come from sources like rivers while manufactured aggregates are crushed. Normal weight aggregates have densities from 1520-1680kg/m3 while lightweight aggregates are less than 1120kg/m3. Tests are conducted to determine properties like strength, hardness, durability and water absorption. Sieve analysis tests the grading and ensures a range of aggregate sizes are present.
Aggregates are granular materials like sand, gravel, or crushed stone used with water and cement to make concrete. They come in two sizes: fine aggregates smaller than 5 mm and coarse aggregates larger than 5 mm. Aggregates provide strength, reduce cracking, and lower the cost of concrete. They are selected based on being hard, durable, and free of organic materials or other substances that could weaken the concrete. Aggregates are classified by size, manufacturing method, and density. Physical tests are conducted to determine properties like strength, hardness, porosity, and grading.
Aggregates are a combination of different sized stones used in construction. They are classified based on size, source, and density. Common types include natural and crushed coarse and fine aggregates. Aggregates must be hard, durable, and free of organic matter or other impurities. Tests are conducted to determine properties like strength, hardness, porosity, and water absorption. Sieve analysis tests the particle size distribution and grading of aggregates.
This document discusses the key materials used in concrete - cement, water, aggregates, and admixtures. It describes what concrete is, its types and uses. The main ingredients are described in detail, including their properties and how they affect the strength and performance of concrete. Aggregates make up the largest portion by volume and come in various sizes and grades. Proper mix design and material selection are important to produce durable concrete.
This document discusses the properties and classification of aggregates used in concrete. It describes how aggregates can be classified based on size, weight, and composition. The key properties discussed include shape, texture, strength, density, moisture content, cleanliness, soundness, and thermal properties. Testing methods are provided for sieve analysis, grading, crushing strength, abrasion resistance, impact value, and soundness. The document also covers the workability of concrete and factors that influence it such as water-cement ratio, aggregate type and amount, cement type and amount, and use of admixtures.
The aggregate is a relatively inert material and it imparts volume stability.
The aggregate provide about 75% of the body of the concrete and hence its influence is extremely important (70 to 80 %)
An aggregate should be of proper shape and size, clean, hard and well graded.
It must possess chemical stability and it must exhibit abrasion resistance.
Classification of Aggregate
I. Classification Based on Size
a. Fine aggregates:
b. Coarse aggregates:
II. Classification Based on Shape
a. Rounded aggregate:
b. Irregular aggregates
c. Angular aggregates
d. Flaky and elongated aggregates
III. Classification based on unit weight
a. Normal weight aggregates
b. Heavy weight aggregates
c. Light weight aggregates
The physical properties of aggregates are;
1. Shape
2. Size
3. Color
4. Texture
5. Gradation
6. Fineness modulus
Effect of aggregate properties on concrete
a. Particle Size, Grading and Dust Content
b. Particle Shape
c. Particle Surface Texture
d. Water Absorption
fineness modulus - According to IS 2386-1963, the sieves that are to be used for the sieve analysis of the aggregate for concrete are 80mm, 40mm, 20mm, 10mm, 4.75mm, 2.36mm, 1.18mm, 600m, 300m and 150m.
Gradation of aggregates
Gradation refers to the particle size distribution of aggregates.
The gradation of coarse aggregate plays an important role in workability and paste requirements.
The gradation of fine aggregate affects the workability and finishing ability of concrete.
Types of gradation:
a. Well graded
b. Poor / Uniform graded
c. Gap graded
Mechanical Properties
The following are the properties to be analyzed for aggregates, they are
a. Toughness
b. Hardness
c. Specific gravity
d. Bulk Density
e. Porosity and absorption of aggregates
f. Moisture content of aggregate
Mechanical Strength Test
a. Crushing strength Test
b. Impact strength Test
c. Abrasion Test (Los Angeles Test)
Water (for concrete)
Water is the most important material for construction, especially for making concrete.
The purpose of water in concrete are
a. It distributes the cement evenly.
b. It reacts with cement chemically and produces calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) gel which gives the strength to concrete.
c. It provides for workability, i.e., it lubricates the mix.
d. Hence, for construction, quantity and quality of water is as important as cement.
As water quantity goes up in a mix (ill effect), the following are the effects:
a. Strength decreases
b. Durability decreases
c. Workability increases
d. Cohesion decreases
e. Economy may increase at the expense of quality and reliability.
Quality of water for concrete (IS10500:2012)
a. Chlorides: They can cause corrosion of steel reinforcement, can accelerate setting.
b. Sulphates: They reduce long-term strength levels.
c. Organic matter: If an alga is present, water should not be used. It will affect the setting and strength development.
d. Sugar: It will retard setting time.
e. Wastewater: It should never be used in construction.
Cement mortar is a mixture used for masonry construction, such as between bricks. It binds the materials together and provides strength, stability, and durability to building structures. There are different types of mortars including lime, cement, surkhi, and mud mortars. Mortar hardens when it sets, forming an aggregate structure. Concrete is similar but contains coarse aggregates like gravel or stone, in addition to the binding materials, sand, and water. The document discusses the ingredients, mixing, curing, and testing of concrete, including its compressive strength and workability. Aggregates make up the bulk of a concrete mixture and affect its properties.
Concrete is a composite material made of aggregates, sand, cement, and water. It has high compressive strength but low tensile strength. Proper mixing and compaction are required to produce durable concrete. Mixing involves blending the ingredients into a uniform mass and coating aggregates with cement paste. Compaction removes air pockets and achieves maximum density. It is done through tamping, rodding, or vibrating the fresh concrete. Vibration uses internal or external vibrators to penetrate and settle the concrete mixture.
This document contains information about aggregates used in concrete provided by Deblina Dutta, a third year civil engineering student. It discusses the classification, properties, and uses of aggregates. Aggregates make up 70-80% of concrete by volume and include natural materials like sand, gravel, and crushed stone. They are classified based on their geological origin, size, shape, and unit weight. The properties of aggregates like composition, size, surface texture, specific gravity, bulk density, voids, porosity, absorption, and fineness modulus affect the properties of concrete. Aggregates are an important part of concrete as they give it body, make it economical, and contribute to its mechanical strength.
B-Tech Construction Material Presentaion.pptmosesnhidza
This document provides an overview of concrete, including its definition, properties, composition, testing, and uses. Some key points:
- Concrete is a mixture of cement, aggregates (sand and gravel), and water that can be used for load-bearing construction.
- Its properties depend on the mix proportions, water-cement ratio, and type of aggregates used. Good compaction and curing are important for strength.
- Concrete has high compressive strength but low tensile strength, so it is often reinforced with steel bars or prestressed using steel tendons.
- Aggregates make up the majority of a concrete mix by weight and influence properties like strength and durability. Proper testing of aggregates is
This document discusses aggregates which are inert materials mixed with cement to produce concrete. It defines aggregates and describes their properties and types. Aggregates can be classified based on grain size, origin, density or shape. The main types are fine aggregates like sand, and coarse aggregates like gravel. Fine aggregates pass through a 4.75mm sieve while coarse aggregates are retained. Properties of aggregates that affect concrete like composition, size and texture are also covered. The goal is to educate civil engineers on aggregates used in construction.
Concrete is made up of ingredients like Cement, Fine Aggregate (Sand), Coarse Aggregate, Water and admixtures. Concrete mix design is done to Optimize the requirements of Cement, Sand, Aggregate and Water in order to ensure that concrete parameters in both Plastic Stage (like workability) and in Hardened Stage (like Compressive Strength and durability) are achieved. The Concrete mix design is as per Indian Standards (IS 10262) and might vary from country to country. The nominal mix design ratios available for concrete less than M30 in strength are only thumb rules and are generally over designed. As the actual site conditions vary and the mix design should be adjusted as per the location and other factors.
This document provides information on aggregates used in traditional building materials. It defines aggregates as fillers used with binding materials that are derived from rocks. Aggregates make up 70-80% of concrete's volume and influence its properties. Aggregates are broadly classified into fine aggregates smaller than 4.75mm and coarse aggregates larger than 4.75mm. The document discusses various types of coarse aggregates based on geological origin, size, shape, and unit weight. It also covers properties of aggregates like strength, shape, specific gravity, moisture content and tests conducted on aggregates. Alkali aggregate reaction and measures to prevent it are summarized.
REPORT-AGGREGATE and TYPES OF AGGREGATE (1).pptxlordperez2
Aggregates make up 70-80% of concrete and come in two sizes: fine aggregates (passed through a 4.75mm sieve) and coarse aggregates (retained on a 4.75mm sieve). Aggregates can be natural, originating from weathered rock, or artificial, produced by heating materials like clay or shale. Aggregates are also classified by shape, including rounded, irregular, angular, flaky, and elongated. Proper handling and storage of aggregates is important to prevent contamination or changes in grading.
Concrete has several benefits including low cost, strength in compression, and ease of shaping when wet. However, it also has limitations such as low tensile strength and ductility. Concrete strength is determined by its compressive crushing strength and is affected by the materials and techniques used. It is strong in compression but weak in tension, so reinforcing with steel is common. Modern concrete contains aggregates, cement paste, water, and sometimes admixtures. Proper aggregate properties greatly influence the performance of concrete.
1. Concrete is a composite material consisting of cement, water, fine aggregate (sand), and coarse aggregate (gravel). It constitutes 30-40% paste and 60-70% aggregates by volume.
2. The selection of concrete proportions involves balancing economy, workability, consistency, density, strength, and durability. Key factors are water-cement ratio, which controls strength, and durability to withstand weather conditions.
3. Aggregates are relatively inexpensive fillers that provide volume stability, abrasion resistance, and reduce volume changes in concrete. Their properties like density, grading, shape, and texture influence the properties of fresh and hardened concrete.
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Financial Management - Objective And ScopeRahul Kumar
Special For Jaipur national University || Student || BBA || Financial Management || Objective and Scope Financial Management Presentation || Presented By - Vinay Kumar Verma
Helped in making PPT BY -Rahul Kumar
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2. Introduction
Aggregate are generally cheaper than cement and impact greater volume
stability and durability to concrete. The aggregate is used primarily for the
purpose of providing bulk to the concrete. To increase the density of the
resulting mix, the aggregate is frequently used in two or more sizes. The
most important function of the fine aggregate is to assist in producing
the workability and uniformity in mixture.
The materials used for manufacture of mortar and concrete such as sand,
gravel etc. are called as aggregate.
3. REQUIREMENT OF GOOD AGGREGATE
It must be clean i.e. it should be free from lumps, organic materials etc.
It should be strong.
It should be durable.
It should not react with cement after mixing.
It should have rough surface.
It should not absorb water more than 5%.
It should not be soft and porous.
It should be chemically inert.
It should be of limiting porosity.
It should preferably be cubical or spherical in shape.
4. CLASSIFICATION OF AGGREGATE
According to geological origin :
Natural Aggregate: These aggregates are generally obtained from natural deposits of
sand and gravels, or from quarries by cutting rocks. The cheapest among them are
the natural sand and gravel. Which have been reduced to their present size by natural
agents, such as water, wind and snow, etc. The river deposits are the most common
and are good quality.
Artificial Aggregate: The most widely used artificial aggregate are clean broken bricks
and air cooled fresh blast- furnace- slag. The broken bricks of good quality provide a
satisfactory aggregate for the mass concrete and are not suitable for reinforced
concrete work if the crushing strength of brick is less than 30 to 35 Map. The bricks
should be free from lime mortar and lime sulfate plaster. The bricks aggregate is not
suitable for waterproof construction. It has poor resistance to wear and hence is not
used in concrete for the road work.
5. Classification according to size:
1. Fine aggregate: The aggregate which passes through
4.75 mm sieve and retained on 75 micron sieve are
known as fine aggregate.
2. Coarse Aggregate: The aggregate retained on 4.75
mm IS sieve are Known as coarse aggregate.
All-in-aggregate: It is the combination of both coarse
and fine aggregate.
6. PROPERTIES OF FINE AGGREGATE
1. Size: The largest size which may under the range of fine aggregate is
4.75mm. Using the largest size will give a more dense concrete, but a
mixture of all sizes is more desirable and more economical.
2. Shape: Shape of aggregate plays an important role in coarse
aggregate rather than fine aggregate.
3. Strength: The strength of aggregate alone cannot ensure strength of
concrete. Strength of coarse aggregate is more important.
4. surface Texture: Generally rough surfaced aggregate is preferable to
smooth aggregates. This property is also related with coarse aggregate.
7. 5. Specific Gravity: Specific gravity of aggregate is the ratio of its density
to the density of water.
6. Bulk Density: This refers to the density of aggregate considered along
with volume of voids or empty spaces between the particles. The density
of sand falls between 17 to 25 KN/m3.
7. Water Absorption: Generally, for sand, water absorption is negligible,
It is desirable that water absorption should be kept minimum.
8. Soundness: This refers to expansion and contraction of the aggregate
when subjected to temperature variation.
8. PROPERTIES OF COARSE AGGREGATE
1. Size: The size of coarse aggregate depends on the used to which the
concrete is to be put. For mass concreting works without complicated
reinforcement, larger aggregates of 80 mm, 40mm, 20mm sizes are
used.
2. Shape: The shape of aggregate is an important characteristic as it
affects the workability of concrete. It also affects the strength.
3. Surface Texture: It is the property of coarse aggregate deals with
roughness and smoothness of aggregate. Rounded aggregate with
smooth surface will require less cement paste and hence increase the
yield per bag.
9. 4. Water Absorption: Some of the aggregate water absorb and porous.
Hence, it affect the water cement ratio and the workability of concrete.
The porosity of aggregate also the affect if durability of concrete.
5. Soundness: soundness refer to expansion and contraction of the
aggregate. When subjected to temperature various. A good aggregate
that which shows minimum expansion and contraction.
6. Specific Gravity: It is the ratio of dry weight of aggregate to the weight
of equal volume of water.
7. Bulk Density: The ratio of net weight of aggregate to the volume of
aggregate gives bulk density.
10. GRADING OF AGGREGATE
The particle size distribution of an aggregate as determined by sieve analysis is
termed grading of the aggregate.
The well graded aggregate containing minimum voids hence it required
minimum paste to fill the gap/ voids in the aggregate result in increase
economic, higher strength and greater durability.
The sieve analysis conducted for determine the particle size distribution in a
sample of aggregate is called gradation.
The aggregate used for making the concrete 80mm, 40mm, 20mm, 10mm,
4.75mm, 2.36mm, 600micron, 300micron and 150micron.
The aggregate from 80mm to 4.75 mm are coarse aggregate and from 4.75mm
to 150 micron are fine aggregate.
11. CLASSIFICATION ACCORDING TO SHAPE
Rounded Shape: The aggregate with rounded particles ( river or seashore gravel) has
minimum voids ranging 32 to33 %. The only disadvantage is that interlocking
between its particles is less and hence the development of bond is poor, making it
unsuitable for high strength concrete and pavement.
Irregular Aggregate:The aggregate having partly rounded particles (pit sand and
gravel) has higher of voids ranging from 35 to 38% . It required more cement paste
for a given workability.
Angular Aggregate: The aggregate with sharp, angular and rough particles (crushed
rocks) has a maximum of voids ranging from 38 to 40%.The interlocking between the
particles is good.
Flaky Aggregate: An aggregate is termed flaky when its least dimension (thickness) is
less than three-fifth of its mean dimension. The presence of these particles should be
restricted to 10 to 15%.
12. CLASSIFICATION BASED ON UNIT WEIGHT
1. Normal Weight Aggregate: The commonly used aggregate, i. e, sands and gravels;
crushed rocks such as granite, basalt quartz, sandstone and limestone; and brick
ballast, etc., which have specific gravities between 2.5 and 2.7 produce concrete with
unit weight ranging 23 to 26 KN/m3 and crushing strength at 28 days between 15 to
40 Map are termed normal- weight concrete.
2. Heavyweight Or High-Density Aggregate: concrete having unit weight of about 30,
31, 35, 38, 40, 47 and 57KN/m3 can be produced by using typical goethite, limonite,
baryte, magnetite, hematite, ferrophosphorus and scrap iron, respectively.
3. Light Weight Aggregate: The light weight aggregate having unit weight up
to12KN/m3 are used to manufacture the structural concrete masonry blocks for
reduction of the self weight of the structure.
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