This document contains the table of contents and details for developing a passport automation system as a mini project. It includes the problem statement, introduction describing the purpose and scope of the system. It also includes the system requirements and identifies the various UML diagrams that will be used to model the system including class, object, state, data flow, use case, activity, sequence, component and deployment diagrams.
The project โPassport Automation Systemโ is used in the effective dispatch of passport to all of the applicants. This system adopts a comprehensive approach to minimize the manual work and schedule resources, time in a cogent manner. The core of the system is to get the online registration form (with details such as name, address etc.,) filled by the applicant whose testament is verified for its genuineness by the Passport Automation System with respect to the already existing information in the database.
It aims at improving the efficiency in the Issue of Passport and reduces the complexities involved in it to the maximum possible extent.
The document introduces an online admission system called "Online Admission System" developed by a team called "Dream Team". It discusses how the current manual admission process is time-consuming and effortful. The goal of the online system is to automate the admission process and make it faster and more transparent. It has three main modules for administrators, students, and the system. Administrators can manage admission criteria, verify forms, and generate merit lists. Students can fill forms, upload documents, and check results. The system compares marks and generates reports.
This document describes a railway reservation system project created by three computer engineering students. It includes requirements, UML diagrams, and an abstract. The functional requirements are secure registration, payment, and account management. Non-functional requirements include performance, quality, and security. Technical requirements include using a browser, Apache server, MySQL, PHP, JavaScript, HTML and CSS. UML diagrams created for the project include class, object, use case, activity, statechart, sequence, collaboration, deployment, and package diagrams. These diagrams model different aspects of the railway reservation system.
source code metrics and other maintenance tools and techniquesSiva Priya
ย
The document discusses two source code metrics: Halstead's effort equation and McCabe's cyclomatic complexity measure. Halstead's metrics are based on counts of operators, operands, unique operators, and unique operands in source code. McCabe's measure defines the complexity of a program's control flow graph based on the number of edges, nodes, and connected components. The document also mentions that software maintenance involves a range of activities from code modification to tracking complexity metrics over time.
The document outlines the requirements for a railway reservation system. It includes sections on the overall description, functional requirements, non-functional requirements, and diagrams. The system will allow users to search for trains between destinations, select a train, review details and passengers, pay, and cancel reservations. It aims to automate the reservation process and provide 24/7 availability while meeting security, reliability, and maintainability standards. Diagrams including use case, class, and sequence diagrams will model the system functionality and interactions.
The document discusses use case diagrams in object oriented design and analysis. It defines use cases as descriptions of system functionality from a user perspective. Use case diagrams depict system behavior, users, and relationships between actors, use cases, and other use cases. The key components of use case diagrams are described as actors, use cases, the system boundary, and relationships. Common relationships include association, extend, generalization, uses, and include. An example use case diagram for a cellular telephone is provided to illustrate these concepts.
Interaction modeling describes how objects in a system interact and communicate through message passing. It uses several UML diagrams including use case diagrams, sequence diagrams, activity diagrams, and collaboration diagrams. A use case diagram shows relationships between actors and use cases, while a sequence diagram depicts the temporal order of messages exchanged between objects to complete a scenario. An activity diagram models system workflows and dependencies between activities. A collaboration diagram displays message flows between objects to achieve a particular task.
The project โPassport Automation Systemโ is used in the effective dispatch of passport to all of the applicants. This system adopts a comprehensive approach to minimize the manual work and schedule resources, time in a cogent manner. The core of the system is to get the online registration form (with details such as name, address etc.,) filled by the applicant whose testament is verified for its genuineness by the Passport Automation System with respect to the already existing information in the database.
It aims at improving the efficiency in the Issue of Passport and reduces the complexities involved in it to the maximum possible extent.
The document introduces an online admission system called "Online Admission System" developed by a team called "Dream Team". It discusses how the current manual admission process is time-consuming and effortful. The goal of the online system is to automate the admission process and make it faster and more transparent. It has three main modules for administrators, students, and the system. Administrators can manage admission criteria, verify forms, and generate merit lists. Students can fill forms, upload documents, and check results. The system compares marks and generates reports.
This document describes a railway reservation system project created by three computer engineering students. It includes requirements, UML diagrams, and an abstract. The functional requirements are secure registration, payment, and account management. Non-functional requirements include performance, quality, and security. Technical requirements include using a browser, Apache server, MySQL, PHP, JavaScript, HTML and CSS. UML diagrams created for the project include class, object, use case, activity, statechart, sequence, collaboration, deployment, and package diagrams. These diagrams model different aspects of the railway reservation system.
source code metrics and other maintenance tools and techniquesSiva Priya
ย
The document discusses two source code metrics: Halstead's effort equation and McCabe's cyclomatic complexity measure. Halstead's metrics are based on counts of operators, operands, unique operators, and unique operands in source code. McCabe's measure defines the complexity of a program's control flow graph based on the number of edges, nodes, and connected components. The document also mentions that software maintenance involves a range of activities from code modification to tracking complexity metrics over time.
The document outlines the requirements for a railway reservation system. It includes sections on the overall description, functional requirements, non-functional requirements, and diagrams. The system will allow users to search for trains between destinations, select a train, review details and passengers, pay, and cancel reservations. It aims to automate the reservation process and provide 24/7 availability while meeting security, reliability, and maintainability standards. Diagrams including use case, class, and sequence diagrams will model the system functionality and interactions.
The document discusses use case diagrams in object oriented design and analysis. It defines use cases as descriptions of system functionality from a user perspective. Use case diagrams depict system behavior, users, and relationships between actors, use cases, and other use cases. The key components of use case diagrams are described as actors, use cases, the system boundary, and relationships. Common relationships include association, extend, generalization, uses, and include. An example use case diagram for a cellular telephone is provided to illustrate these concepts.
Interaction modeling describes how objects in a system interact and communicate through message passing. It uses several UML diagrams including use case diagrams, sequence diagrams, activity diagrams, and collaboration diagrams. A use case diagram shows relationships between actors and use cases, while a sequence diagram depicts the temporal order of messages exchanged between objects to complete a scenario. An activity diagram models system workflows and dependencies between activities. A collaboration diagram displays message flows between objects to achieve a particular task.
This document describes a chat application project that allows users to communicate in real-time. It includes a client application that runs on users' PCs and a server application. The client connects to the server to chat. The document outlines the hardware requirements, software specifications including Java, HTML, Oracle 10g, and Netbeans. It provides diagrams of the database design and data flow. Screenshots illustrate the login process, registration, and messaging interfaces. Future enhancements could include file sharing and voice chat capabilities.
The document describes an e-ticketing project for online railway reservation. It includes sections on abstract, introduction, modules with examples and UML diagrams, and interfaces. The project aims to develop software for online railway ticket booking, reservation, cancellation and checking availability. It provides key features like booking tickets from home, payment options, and transaction security. UML diagrams like use case diagram, class diagram, sequence diagram and activity diagrams are used to model different aspects of the system.
The document discusses use case diagrams and use case descriptions for modeling system requirements. It covers drawing use case diagrams to show functional requirements and actors, common mistakes, and writing use case descriptions including basic, alternate, and exception flows of events. The document provides examples and exercises to help understand use cases for requirements modeling.
System software - macro expansion,nested macro callsSARASWATHI S
ย
This document discusses macro expansion and nested macro calls in system software. It covers:
1. Macro expansion involves replacing a macro call with code from its body by substituting actual parameters for formal parameters.
2. Macro expansion can be performed by a macro assembler or preprocessor. A macro assembler performs full assembly while a preprocessor only processes macro calls.
3. Key aspects of macro expansion include the order of model statement expansion and lexical substitution of formal parameters with actual values. Nested macro calls follow a last-in, first-out expansion order.
The document discusses collaboration diagrams, which capture the dynamic behavior of objects collaborating to perform tasks. Collaboration diagrams illustrate object interactions through messages in a graph format. They show objects, links between objects, and messages to model control flow and coordination. Notations are used to represent classes, instances, links, messages, return values, self-messages, conditional messages, iteration, and collections of objects. Examples of converting sequence diagrams to collaboration diagrams for making a phone call, changing flight itineraries, and making a hotel reservation are provided.
We have designed this website with the purpose of allowing the students to give exams and view their results. This site is an attempt to remove the existing flaws in the manual system of conducting exams.
Students are provided the flexibility to choose among different types of aptitude and programming language tests.
Tourism is a big growth business in all countries. Bus Reservation System deals with maintenance of records details of each passenger. It also includes maintenance of information such as timetable and details in each bus.
Architectural styles and patterns provide abstract frameworks for structuring systems and solving common problems. [1] An architectural style defines rules for how components interact and is characterized by aspects like communication, deployment, structure, and domain. [2] Examples include service-oriented architecture, client/server, and layered architecture. [3] Similarly, architectural patterns are reusable solutions to recurring design problems documented with elements, relationships, constraints, and interaction mechanisms.
The document discusses various aspects of object-oriented systems development including the software development life cycle, use case driven analysis and design, prototyping, and component-based development. The key points are:
1) Object-oriented analysis involves identifying user requirements through use cases and actor analysis to determine system classes and their relationships. Use case driven analysis is iterative.
2) Object-oriented design further develops the classes identified in analysis and defines additional classes, attributes, methods, and relationships to support implementation. Design is also iterative.
3) Prototyping key system components early allows understanding how features will be implemented and getting user feedback to refine requirements.
4) Component-based development exploits prefabric
Formal Specification in Software Engineering SE9koolkampus
ย
This document discusses formal specification techniques for software. It describes algebraic techniques for specifying interfaces as abstract data types and model-based techniques for specifying system behavior. Algebraic specifications define operations and their relationships, while model-based specifications represent the system state using mathematical constructs like sets and sequences. Formal specification finds errors earlier and reduces rework, though it requires more upfront effort. The document also provides an example of formally specifying an air traffic control system and insulin pump.
Banking Management System Project documentationChaudhry Sajid
ย
This document provides the full documentation for a bank management system project. It contains sections on the table of contents, acknowledgments, declarations, project overview, abstract, introduction to SQL and database concepts, product overview, requirements, design and architecture, implementation details, additional features, main code, user guide and conclusion. It was created by four students for their class project and submitted to their project supervisor for review. The document outlines the purpose and functionality of the bank management system they developed using Oracle Database software on a Windows operating system.
The document describes a student result management system that will manage information about users, subjects offered each semester, and marks obtained by students. It will generate reports. The system requirements include maintaining data on students, subjects, marks and user accounts with validation checks. The system will have security, maintainability and portability. Key modules include login, subject info maintenance, marks entry and maintenance of user accounts.
The document describes an online bus ticket reservation system that allows customers to book tickets, check availability, and track reservations online instead of having to visit booking counters in person. It includes requirements for functionality like maintaining customer profiles and booking details in a database, calculating fares automatically based on distance and age, and providing search, booking and cancellation features for employees to manage reservations. Tables to store information about buses, routes, bookings and more are also outlined.
This document describes a student results management system that was developed as a web application to manage student results. It has three main modules: a registration/login module, an admin module, and a student module. The admin module allows administrators to create subjects, classes, add students and their results. The student module allows students to view and download their results. The proposed system aims to replace the manual process of managing student results and provide easier access for students to check their results and course information online. It reduces the time needed for students to access their results compared to the existing manual system.
The document describes an Online Bus Ticket Reservation System (OBTRS) created by Ashwin Sharma, Nikhil Vyas, and Nilesh Soni. The system allows users to reserve seats, cancel reservations, and access various inquiries. It maintains user, bus, reservation, booking, and customer details. The system was designed to computerize the traditional paper-based process and make ticket booking and tracking easier online.
The document is a project report for developing a college website. It includes sections on requirements analysis, system design, and testing. The proposed system involves creating a dynamic website with database connectivity to replace the existing static site. This would allow recruiters to post job listings and students to apply to opportunities. The project was developed using a three-tier architecture and tested at the unit, integration, and system levels to ensure proper functionality.
Flow-oriented modeling represents how data objects are transformed as they move through a system. A data flow diagram (DFD) is the diagrammatic form used to depict this approach. DFDs show the flow of data through processes and external entities of a system using symbols like circles and arrows. They provide a unique view of how a system works by modeling the input, output, storage and processing of data from level to level.
UML (Unified Modeling Language) is a standard modeling language used to specify, visualize, construct and document software systems. It uses graphical notations to express the design of object-oriented software projects. UML includes diagrams, relationships and elements that help design different perspectives of a system including design, implementation, process and deployment. The key building blocks of UML are things (like classes and use cases), relationships (like generalization and dependency), and diagrams (like class, sequence and deployment diagrams) which are used to model different aspects of a software system.
This document describes an online reservation system created by Rakesh Kunwar for railway ticket reservations and cancellations. It allows passengers to reserve and cancel seats on trains through a computerized system, which is more efficient than handling the vast Indian railway system manually. The system securely stores train, passenger, and reservation information and generates tickets and reports.
This document outlines the key components of an online bus ticket reservation system for Patuakhali Science & Technology University. It includes sections on the problem with the current analog system, the proposed solution of an online booking system, project profile, team information, requirements analysis, system scope, use case diagrams, module identification, data flow diagrams, sequence diagrams, important features, and conclusion. The system will allow users to book tickets online, check availability, and pay without cash, addressing issues with the current counter-based system.
The document discusses the design of an online examination system. It describes the various modules of the system including admin, instructor and student modules. It provides details on the functionality available to each type of user. It also discusses the technologies used to develop the system such as PHP for the backend, and MySQL for the database. UML diagrams including use case, class, sequence, and ER diagrams are presented to model and design different components of the system.
This document describes a chat application project that allows users to communicate in real-time. It includes a client application that runs on users' PCs and a server application. The client connects to the server to chat. The document outlines the hardware requirements, software specifications including Java, HTML, Oracle 10g, and Netbeans. It provides diagrams of the database design and data flow. Screenshots illustrate the login process, registration, and messaging interfaces. Future enhancements could include file sharing and voice chat capabilities.
The document describes an e-ticketing project for online railway reservation. It includes sections on abstract, introduction, modules with examples and UML diagrams, and interfaces. The project aims to develop software for online railway ticket booking, reservation, cancellation and checking availability. It provides key features like booking tickets from home, payment options, and transaction security. UML diagrams like use case diagram, class diagram, sequence diagram and activity diagrams are used to model different aspects of the system.
The document discusses use case diagrams and use case descriptions for modeling system requirements. It covers drawing use case diagrams to show functional requirements and actors, common mistakes, and writing use case descriptions including basic, alternate, and exception flows of events. The document provides examples and exercises to help understand use cases for requirements modeling.
System software - macro expansion,nested macro callsSARASWATHI S
ย
This document discusses macro expansion and nested macro calls in system software. It covers:
1. Macro expansion involves replacing a macro call with code from its body by substituting actual parameters for formal parameters.
2. Macro expansion can be performed by a macro assembler or preprocessor. A macro assembler performs full assembly while a preprocessor only processes macro calls.
3. Key aspects of macro expansion include the order of model statement expansion and lexical substitution of formal parameters with actual values. Nested macro calls follow a last-in, first-out expansion order.
The document discusses collaboration diagrams, which capture the dynamic behavior of objects collaborating to perform tasks. Collaboration diagrams illustrate object interactions through messages in a graph format. They show objects, links between objects, and messages to model control flow and coordination. Notations are used to represent classes, instances, links, messages, return values, self-messages, conditional messages, iteration, and collections of objects. Examples of converting sequence diagrams to collaboration diagrams for making a phone call, changing flight itineraries, and making a hotel reservation are provided.
We have designed this website with the purpose of allowing the students to give exams and view their results. This site is an attempt to remove the existing flaws in the manual system of conducting exams.
Students are provided the flexibility to choose among different types of aptitude and programming language tests.
Tourism is a big growth business in all countries. Bus Reservation System deals with maintenance of records details of each passenger. It also includes maintenance of information such as timetable and details in each bus.
Architectural styles and patterns provide abstract frameworks for structuring systems and solving common problems. [1] An architectural style defines rules for how components interact and is characterized by aspects like communication, deployment, structure, and domain. [2] Examples include service-oriented architecture, client/server, and layered architecture. [3] Similarly, architectural patterns are reusable solutions to recurring design problems documented with elements, relationships, constraints, and interaction mechanisms.
The document discusses various aspects of object-oriented systems development including the software development life cycle, use case driven analysis and design, prototyping, and component-based development. The key points are:
1) Object-oriented analysis involves identifying user requirements through use cases and actor analysis to determine system classes and their relationships. Use case driven analysis is iterative.
2) Object-oriented design further develops the classes identified in analysis and defines additional classes, attributes, methods, and relationships to support implementation. Design is also iterative.
3) Prototyping key system components early allows understanding how features will be implemented and getting user feedback to refine requirements.
4) Component-based development exploits prefabric
Formal Specification in Software Engineering SE9koolkampus
ย
This document discusses formal specification techniques for software. It describes algebraic techniques for specifying interfaces as abstract data types and model-based techniques for specifying system behavior. Algebraic specifications define operations and their relationships, while model-based specifications represent the system state using mathematical constructs like sets and sequences. Formal specification finds errors earlier and reduces rework, though it requires more upfront effort. The document also provides an example of formally specifying an air traffic control system and insulin pump.
Banking Management System Project documentationChaudhry Sajid
ย
This document provides the full documentation for a bank management system project. It contains sections on the table of contents, acknowledgments, declarations, project overview, abstract, introduction to SQL and database concepts, product overview, requirements, design and architecture, implementation details, additional features, main code, user guide and conclusion. It was created by four students for their class project and submitted to their project supervisor for review. The document outlines the purpose and functionality of the bank management system they developed using Oracle Database software on a Windows operating system.
The document describes a student result management system that will manage information about users, subjects offered each semester, and marks obtained by students. It will generate reports. The system requirements include maintaining data on students, subjects, marks and user accounts with validation checks. The system will have security, maintainability and portability. Key modules include login, subject info maintenance, marks entry and maintenance of user accounts.
The document describes an online bus ticket reservation system that allows customers to book tickets, check availability, and track reservations online instead of having to visit booking counters in person. It includes requirements for functionality like maintaining customer profiles and booking details in a database, calculating fares automatically based on distance and age, and providing search, booking and cancellation features for employees to manage reservations. Tables to store information about buses, routes, bookings and more are also outlined.
This document describes a student results management system that was developed as a web application to manage student results. It has three main modules: a registration/login module, an admin module, and a student module. The admin module allows administrators to create subjects, classes, add students and their results. The student module allows students to view and download their results. The proposed system aims to replace the manual process of managing student results and provide easier access for students to check their results and course information online. It reduces the time needed for students to access their results compared to the existing manual system.
The document describes an Online Bus Ticket Reservation System (OBTRS) created by Ashwin Sharma, Nikhil Vyas, and Nilesh Soni. The system allows users to reserve seats, cancel reservations, and access various inquiries. It maintains user, bus, reservation, booking, and customer details. The system was designed to computerize the traditional paper-based process and make ticket booking and tracking easier online.
The document is a project report for developing a college website. It includes sections on requirements analysis, system design, and testing. The proposed system involves creating a dynamic website with database connectivity to replace the existing static site. This would allow recruiters to post job listings and students to apply to opportunities. The project was developed using a three-tier architecture and tested at the unit, integration, and system levels to ensure proper functionality.
Flow-oriented modeling represents how data objects are transformed as they move through a system. A data flow diagram (DFD) is the diagrammatic form used to depict this approach. DFDs show the flow of data through processes and external entities of a system using symbols like circles and arrows. They provide a unique view of how a system works by modeling the input, output, storage and processing of data from level to level.
UML (Unified Modeling Language) is a standard modeling language used to specify, visualize, construct and document software systems. It uses graphical notations to express the design of object-oriented software projects. UML includes diagrams, relationships and elements that help design different perspectives of a system including design, implementation, process and deployment. The key building blocks of UML are things (like classes and use cases), relationships (like generalization and dependency), and diagrams (like class, sequence and deployment diagrams) which are used to model different aspects of a software system.
This document describes an online reservation system created by Rakesh Kunwar for railway ticket reservations and cancellations. It allows passengers to reserve and cancel seats on trains through a computerized system, which is more efficient than handling the vast Indian railway system manually. The system securely stores train, passenger, and reservation information and generates tickets and reports.
This document outlines the key components of an online bus ticket reservation system for Patuakhali Science & Technology University. It includes sections on the problem with the current analog system, the proposed solution of an online booking system, project profile, team information, requirements analysis, system scope, use case diagrams, module identification, data flow diagrams, sequence diagrams, important features, and conclusion. The system will allow users to book tickets online, check availability, and pay without cash, addressing issues with the current counter-based system.
The document discusses the design of an online examination system. It describes the various modules of the system including admin, instructor and student modules. It provides details on the functionality available to each type of user. It also discusses the technologies used to develop the system such as PHP for the backend, and MySQL for the database. UML diagrams including use case, class, sequence, and ER diagrams are presented to model and design different components of the system.
The document discusses hybrid machine learning and crowdsourcing approaches for various tasks. It proposes combining machine learning algorithms with human input to contextualize data, identify patterns, process difficult data, and improve algorithms. Example application areas mentioned include transportation (predicting congestion), shopping/advertising (understanding consumer behavior), healthcare (monitoring epidemics), and document translation. It also addresses challenges like privacy, cost, and ensuring high quality contributions from humans. Methods developed so far include crowdsourcing mobile app architectures, learning privacy policies with human guidance, combining Twitter data with transportation agency reports, and algorithms for estimating ground truth and contributor trustworthiness.
This document describes a routine management system project for a college. It was submitted by 5 students to fulfill the requirements for a Bachelor of Technology degree. The project involved developing a system to manage student and faculty timetables and schedules. It provides an overview of the system, outlines the activities for administrators, faculty and students. It also describes the software quality assurance plan, system analysis, requirements specification, architectural design, implementation, and maintenance of the system. The overall goal was to create a secure and flexible environment for managing academic records at the college.
This document provides a summary of an eTL project. eTL is an event management system that allows users to register for events online. It automatically generates and emails certificates to participants. The system efficiently stores and retrieves data from its database. It aims to save time by automating manual record keeping and report generation tasks. The system will use Java, JSP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript, jQuery, Ajax, and Hibernate framework. It will have modules for registration, events, certificates, notifications, user accounts, and administration.
Bus Information Live Monitoring System software is a globally deployable, integrated, workflow based end-to-end systemย starting from searching bus routes to gathering entering details of the BUS. This is a complete application for Students as well as Transportation Staff. Vendors provide the information like, available routes, timings, etc. Students will have facility to view all the BUS details under college transportation. There is also scope to measure the user satisfaction regarding the BUS selection.
This document is a project report for a Web School Management System created for SaifTech Solution PVT. LTD. It includes an introduction to the company profile and existing manual system. The proposed system objectives are to automate school processes like fees collection, attendance tracking, and student/staff management. The analysis and design chapter covers UML diagrams like use case diagrams, class diagrams, and sequence diagrams. Backend specifications include ER diagrams and data dictionaries for tables. Frontend specifications cover menus, inputs, and reports. Process specifications include DFDs and module specifications. Testing, limitations, and future enhancements are also discussed.
This document outlines the design of a database for an e-commerce mobile sale system. It includes entity relationship diagrams showing the main entities like customers, inventory, and purchases and their relationships. It also describes the normalization of tables into first, second, and third normal forms to reduce data redundancy and anomalies. Finally, it provides examples of SQL data definition language statements to create tables matching the logical database design.
The document describes a proposed online voting system that aims to simplify and improve the voting process in the country. It would allow voters to register and cast their votes online, reducing costs and inefficiencies. The system would maintain profiles for voters, candidates, and the election commission to enable better interaction and exchange of information. It supports both online and offline voting to be inclusive. The key objectives are to increase voter turnout by making the process simpler and more accessible.
Daewoo reservation and transport system databaseEfrah Shakir
ย
This document outlines a proposed reservation and transport system for Daewoo. It begins with an abstract describing the project goals. Then it introduces the existing manual system and proposed computerized system. The document specifies problems with the current system like errors and disputes. It provides hardware and software requirements. It describes database normalization into first, second and third normal forms to reduce data redundancy and improve integrity. Tables are normalized and relationships between tables like passenger, ticket and manager are defined. Finally, it discusses the database design in SQL Server and entity relationship diagram in Visio. The proposed system aims to automate operations, reduce errors and provide efficient reservation and record keeping.
This document describes a travel booking system created by a team of 7 students at Benha University in Egypt. It provides an overview of the system requirements, analysis, design, and implementation. The system allows users to search for flights, book tickets, view booking details and costs, and cancel reservations. It was created using structured analysis and design methodologies and implemented with database, programming, and reporting technologies.
This document is a project report for the development of an Online Bus Pass System. It was submitted by Patel Reshma K. and Chaudhary Neha B. in fulfillment of the requirements for a Bachelor of Engineering degree in Computer Engineering from Merchant Engineering College in Gujarat, India. The report describes the development of a web application to allow students to apply for and renew bus passes online as an alternative to the previous manual process, which was time-consuming. It discusses the objectives, technologies used, and features of the system for both administrators and students.
This document is a project report on a Passport Automation System submitted by K. Sheryl Hladini to fulfill requirements for a Master's degree in Computer Applications. It discusses problems with the existing manual passport system and proposes developing a new automated system to streamline the passport application process. The report outlines various sections of the new system including problem definition, feasibility study, software requirements, UML diagrams, testing plans, and conclusions. The feasibility study evaluates the technical, operational, and economic feasibility of the new automated passport system.
Online course register system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
ย
Student course registration process in colleges involve filling registration forms manually, getting it signed by respective subject teachers, and then getting the documents acknowledged from the concerned Advisors, College Deans and Accounts Officers respectively. Finally the registration forms are submitted in the Administrative Branch. As is evident, this process is very laborious and time consuming. An Online Student Course Registration System has been developed to simplify the current manual procedure. This system has been developed using PHP and MySQL. The front-end is designed using PHP with excerpts of code written using and back-end is designed and managed through MySQL. This system software is more secured, user-friendly and less time-consuming. Basically, systems are implemented for facilitating complex manual processes and that is exactly what we are trying to achieve. System is implemented as per user requirement such as a manufacturing concern may install a plant for easing out manual processes. We have sought help from computer programming for automation of manual registration system. With the introduction of computers, every aspect of our lives has been revolutionized. When used judiciously, computers can help us save time, secure our personal information, access the required information whenever and wherever required. Keeping all these positive points in mind, we have developed an Online Student Course Registration System for easily managing the semester registration process for the student in an institution. Ours is an advisory based system. In state agricultural universities the course allocation is advisory based and more complicated. The courses are assigned according to the skill set and industry requirements. Hence, in current scenario, automated system is required for course registration of students.
The document discusses various techniques for modeling software requirements including:
1) Entity-relationship diagrams (ERDs) which model data objects and their relationships to understand the data domain.
2) Use case modeling which describes scenarios of how external actors will use the system through use cases and diagrams.
3) Flow-oriented modeling using data flow diagrams (DFDs) which represent how data objects are transformed as they move through the system.
The document discusses various techniques for modeling software requirements including:
1) Entity-relationship diagrams (ERDs) which model data objects and their relationships to understand the data domain.
2) Use case modeling which describes scenarios of how external actors will use the system through use cases and diagrams.
3) Object-oriented modeling which defines classes, objects, attributes, methods, encapsulation, and inheritance.
4) Flow modeling using data flow diagrams (DFDs) which represent how data objects flow through the system as they are transformed.
The document provides an overview of the proposed press management system project. It discusses the existing manual system and its limitations including lack of immediate information storage and retrieval. The proposed system aims to address these limitations through a computerized system. It describes the scope of the project, system requirements, conceptual and detailed designs including modules for authors, customers, books, dealers, subscriptions and issues. Data flow diagrams are also discussed to model the flow of information through the system's processes.
1) The document describes an automatic courier management system that was developed to handle a large volume of parcels efficiently.
2) Key features of the system include allowing customers to register and track parcels online, calculating delivery costs automatically, and finding optimal delivery routes to reduce costs.
3) The system was designed using technologies like Angular, Spring Boot, Hibernate, and MySQL. It allows different user types like customers and employees to perform tasks like registration, tracking, and management of parcel delivery.
This document discusses various modeling techniques used during the analysis phase of software engineering. It covers scenario-based modeling including use cases, activity diagrams, and swimlane diagrams. It also discusses flow-oriented modeling using data flow diagrams and grammars. Additionally, it discusses class-based modeling including identifying analysis classes, class diagrams, and the class-responsibility-collaborator technique. Finally, it discusses behavioral modeling including identifying events and creating state and sequence diagrams.
The document discusses security misconfiguration as the sixth most dangerous web application vulnerability according to the OWASP Top 10. It defines security misconfiguration as improper configuration settings that can enable attacks. The document outlines how attackers exploit default passwords and privileges, and provides examples of misconfigured systems. It recommends ways to prevent misconfiguration like changing defaults, deleting unnecessary accounts, and keeping systems updated. The document demonstrates how to detect hidden URLs and directory listings using Burp Suite and concludes that misconfiguration poses a high risk if not properly safeguarded against.
To secure AWS infrastructure, implement multiple layers of security including VPCs, subnets, security groups, network ACLs, firewalls, and IAM roles and policies. Create a custom VPC with public and private subnets, attach an internet gateway to the VPC and route tables to allow access. Use security groups to control traffic, network ACLs as an additional firewall layer, and a NAT gateway to allow private instances internet access. Implement AWS WAF, Shield, and IAM best practices like MFA and least privilege policies.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Kubernetes is an open-source tool for automating deployment, scaling, and load balancing of containerized applications. It groups containers into logical units and manages deploying applications across clusters of nodes. Kubernetes allows scaling containers up and down as needed. It provides a dashboard and commands to configure a master node and join additional nodes to the cluster. Microservices break large applications into autonomous services, each focused on a single business capability. They allow independent development, deployment, and fault isolation of services using different technologies.
AWS SSO allows users to access multiple AWS accounts and applications using a single set of corporate credentials. It enables centralized management of user access and permissions. AWS Inspector is an automated security assessment service that helps increase security by scanning applications and services and generating detailed reports on vulnerabilities and best practices. It streamlines compliance, enforcement of standards, and integration with other AWS services.
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Nmap is a network scanning tool that can discover hosts and services on a network. It can scan TCP and UDP ports, perform OS and version detection, and has both command line and GUI interfaces. Nmap allows specification of target hosts by IP address, CIDR notation for subnets, or hostname. It provides information about open ports and common services, and can detect vulnerabilities.
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Flipkart is an Indian electronic commerce company that was founded in 2007 and is headquartered in Bengaluru. It allows customers to purchase products through its website and mobile app. Flipkart uses various marketing strategies across different platforms like Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, and affiliates to promote its brand and drive sales. It has partnered with other companies for exclusive product launches to boost its market share in India's e-commerce sector.
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Information and Communication Technology in EducationMJDuyan
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Students will be able to explain the role and impact of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in education. They will understand how ICT tools, such as computers, the internet, and educational software, enhance learning and teaching processes. By exploring various ICT applications, students will recognize how these technologies facilitate access to information, improve communication, support collaboration, and enable personalized learning experiences.
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-Students will be able to discuss what constitutes reliable sources on the internet. They will learn to identify key characteristics of trustworthy information, such as credibility, accuracy, and authority. By examining different types of online sources, students will develop skills to evaluate the reliability of websites and content, ensuring they can distinguish between reputable information and misinformation.
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1. TABLE OF CONTENTS
S.NO CONTENTS
1) Aim
2) Problem Statement
3) Introduction
3.1 Purpose
3.2 Scope
4) System Requirements
5) UML Diagrams
5.1 Class Diagram
5.2 Object Diagram
5.3 State Diagram
5.4 Data Flow Diagram
5.5 Use-Case Diagram
5.6 Activity Diagram
5.7 Sequence Diagram
5.8 Component Diagram
5.9 Deployment Diagram
2. OOAD LAB EXPERIMENTS
OBJECTIVE: - To develop a mini project following the exercises listed below.
Suggested domain for mini-project: -
๏ผ PassportAutomation System
S.N
O
EXPERIMENT
1. To develop a problem statement.
2. Develop an IEEEstandard SRS document.
3. Identify UseCases and develop the Use Casemodel.
4. Identify the business activities and develop an UML
Activity diagram.
5. Identify the conceptual classes and develop a domain
model with UML class diagram.
6. Using the unidentified scenario find the interaction
between objects and represent them using UML
Interaction diagram.
7. Draw State Chart diagram.
8. Draw Componentand Deployment diagram.
9. Draw Data Flow diagram.
3. โ Passport Automation System โ
1. AIM โ
To develop PassportAutomation System.
2. PROBLEM STATEMENT โ
The following problems were faced during the manual process ofpassport
dispatch system -
๏ท Manual Process: We require a large number of skilled individuals in the
various fields of Passportissuing. Chances of error due to manual work
were much higher; also the workload on each individual was a lot.
๏ท Time Consumption: Engaging more number of people for manual work,
automatically led to more time consumption. Search for particular data
information also led to unnecessary delays in the process ofPassport
issuing.
๏ท Database Management: Due to extremely high number of applicants, the
management and the processing of the data was very difficult in hard
copyform. Hard copyformat was difficult to maintain and update with
time.
๏ท Database Security: More accessibility to data, made tampering much
easier.
4. 3. INTRODUCTION โ
The above problems can be easily eradicated by providing a software solution
which is user friendly, flexible and automated to reduce the manual work, and
time of the applicants.
๏ท The core of the system is to get the online registration form (with details
such as name, address etc.) filled by the applicant whose details and
documents are verified by the Ministry of External Affairs, and after all
the process ofverification , make the passportavailable to the applicant,
in a proper and secure manner.
๏ท The first step is filling of the online Passportapplication form by the
applicant and payment of the fees.
๏ท After the first round of verification doneby the system, the information is
in turn forwarded to the Ministry of External Affairs office.
๏ท The application is then processed manually based on the report given by
the system. The system also provides the applicant the list of available
dates for appointment to 'documentverification' in the administrator's
office, from which they can select one.
๏ท The system forwards the necessary details to the police for its separate
verification whose report is then presented to the administrator. The
administrator will be provided with an option to display the current status
of application to the applicant, which they can view in their online
interface.
๏ท After all the necessary criteria has been met, the original information is
added to the database and the passportis sent to the applicant.
3.1 Purpose โ
If the entire process of'Issueof Passport' is done in a manual manner then it
would take several months for the passportto reach the applicant.
Considering the fact that the number of applicants for passportis increasing
every year, an Automated System becomes essential to meet the demand.
As this is a matter of National Security, the system has been carefully
verified and validated in order to satisfy it.
5. 3.2 Scope โ
โข The System provides an online interface to the user where they can sign up,
fill in their personaldetails and upload the necessary documents.
โข The authority concerned with the issue of passportcan use this system to
reduce their workload and process the application in a speedy and secure
manner.
โข It provides a communication platform between the applicant and the
administrator.
โข Transfer of data between the PassportIssuing Authority, Ministry of
External Affairs and the Local Police for verification of applicant's
information.
โข Users/Applicants will come to know their status of application and can
enter the date in which they must subject themselves for manual document
verification.
3.3 Definitions, Acronyms and the Abbreviations โ
โข PAS - Refers to this PassportAutomation System.
โข Administrator - Refers to the user who is the Central Authority who has
been assigned to manage the entire system. It can be any higher official in
the Regional PassportOffice of Ministry of External Affairs.
โข Applicant - One who wishes to obtain the Passport.
โข HTML - Markup Language used for creating web pages.
โข J2EE โ Java 2 Enterprise Edition is a programming platform and it is the
part of the java platform for developing and running distributed java
applications.
โข HTTP - Hyper Text Transfer Protocol.
โข TCP/IP โ Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocolis the
communication protocolused to connect hosts on the Internet.
6. 4. SYSTEM REQIREMENTS โ
4.1 Hardware Requirements โ
๏ท RAM 1Gb, HDD 512Gb
๏ท Scanner โ USB 2.0 Interface, 4800dpi Optical Resolution
๏ท Printer โ Resolution 360dpi
4.2 Software Requirements โ
๏ท Operating System โ Windows 7, Linux fedora
๏ท Browser โ Chrome 48.0.2564 , Firefox 47.0.1
๏ท Database Management Software โ Firebird 2.5
๏ท Java IDE - Eclipse , NetBeans 7.4
4.3 Tools to be Used -
๏ท UMLet
๏ท Star UML
๏ท Argo UML
7. 5. UML DIAGRAM IDENTIFICATION โ
The Unified Modelling Language (UML) is general purposedevelopmental
modelling language in the field of software engineering, that is intended to
provide a standard way to visualise the design of the system.
S. No. UML Diagram
1. Class Diagram
2. Object Diagram
3. State Diagram
4. Data Flow Diagram
5. Use Case Diagram
6. Activity Diagram
7. Sequence Diagram
8. Component Diagram
9. Deployment Diagram
8. 1 . Class Diagram โ
In software engineering, a class diagram in the Unified Modelling Language
(UML) is a type of static structure diagram that describes the structure of a
system by showing the system's classes, their attributes, operations (or
methods), and the relationships among objects.
In the diagram, classes are represented with boxes that contain three
compartments:
๏ท The top compartment contains the name of the class. It is printed in bold
and centred, and the first letter is capitalized.
๏ท The middle compartment contains the attributes of the class. They are
left-aligned and the first letter is lowercase.
๏ท The bottomcompartment contains the operations the class can execute.
They are also left-aligned and the first letter is lowercase.
The classes in the following class diagram are โ
1. PassportAutomationSystem
1.1.Attributes
1.1.1. char Option
1.2.Methods
1.2.1. UserOrAdmin() โ Selects whether the actor is USER or ADMIN.
2. User
2.1.Attributes
2.1.1. String LoginId
2.1.2. String Password
2.2.Methods
2.2.1. displayDetails() โ Displays the user details
9. 3. AdminLogin
3.1.Attributes
3.1.1. AdminLoginId
3.1.2. AdminPassword
3.2.Methods
3.2.1. login() โ Getting access to the admin account.
4. AdminAuthentication
4.1.Attributes
4.1.1. PendingApplications
4.1.2. DispatchedPassports
4.1.3. ApplicationId
4.2.Methods
4.2.1. process() โ Processes the requests generated by Admin .
5. NewUser
5.1.Attributes
5.1.1. String Name
5.1.2. String DOB
5.1.3. Char Gender
5.1.4. String EmailId
5.1.5. long MobileNo.
5.2.Methods
5.2.1. submit() โ Submits the User information to the Database.
5.2.2. register() โ Registers the user to the portal.
5.2.3. cancel() โ Discards the user input details.
6. RegisteredUser
6.1.Attributes
6.1.1. String LoginId
6.1.2. String Password
10. 6.2.Methods
6.2.1. UploadDocs() โ Uploads the user documents to the portal.
6.2.2. CheckApplicationStatus() โ Checks the Application status of the
applicant.
6.2.3. Paymentprocess() โ Displays the various modes of fees payments.
6.2.4. SelectApointmentDate() โ Provides the list of available dates to
select the appointment date.
11. 2. OBJECT DAIGRAM :-
Object diagrams are derived from class diagrams so object diagrams are
dependent upon class diagrams.
Object diagrams represent an instance of a class diagram. The basic concepts
are similar for class diagrams and object diagrams. Object diagrams also
represent the static view of a system but this static view is a snapshot of the
system at a particular moment.
Object diagrams are used to render a set of objects and their relationships as an
instance.
The purpose of the object diagram can be summarized as โ
๏ท Forward and reverse engineering.
๏ท Object relationships of a system
๏ท Static view of an interaction.
๏ท Understand object behaviour and their relationship from practical
perspective
13. 3. STATE DIAGRAM :-
A State chart diagram describes a state machine. State machine can be defined
as a machine which defines different states of an object and these states are
controlled by external or internal events.
Activity diagram explained in the next chapter, is a special kind of a State chart
diagram. As State chart diagram defines the states, it is used to model the
lifetime of an object.
Following are the main purposes of using State chart diagrams โ
๏ท To model the dynamic aspect of a system.
๏ท To model the life time of a reactive system.
๏ท To describe different states of an object during its life time.
๏ท Define a state machine to model the states of an object.
14. 4. DATA FLOW DIAGRAM :-
A data flow diagram (DFD) is a graphical representation of the "flow" of data
through an information system, modeling its process aspects. A DFD is often
used as a preliminary step to create an overview of the system without going
into great detail, which can later be elaborated. DFDs can also be used for
the visualization of data processing (structured design).
A DFD shows what kind of information will be input to and output from the
system, how the data will advance through the system, and where the data will
be stored. It does not show information about the timing of process or
information about whether processes will operate in sequence or in parallel
unlike a flowchart which also shows this information.
LEVEL 0
16. 5. USECASE DIAGRAM :-
To model a system, the most important aspect is to capture the dynamic
behavior. Dynamic behavior means the behavior of the system when it is
running/operating.
Only static behavior is not sufficient to model a system rather dynamic
behavior is more important than static behavior. In UML, there are five
diagrams available to model the dynamic nature and use case diagram is one of
them.
The internal and external agents are known as actors. Use case diagrams
consists of actors, use cases and their relationships.
In brief, the purposes of use case diagrams can be said to be as follows โ
๏ท Used to gather the requirements of a system.
๏ท Used to get an outside view of a system.
๏ท Identify the external and internal factors influencing the system.
๏ท Show the interaction among the requirements are actors.
17.
18. 6. ACTIVITY DIAGRAM :-
Activity diagram is another important diagram in UML to describe the
dynamic aspects of the system.
Activity diagram is basically a flowchart to represent the flow from one
activity to another activity. The activity can be described as an operation of the
system.
The control flow is drawn from one operation to another. This flow can be
sequential, branched, or concurrent.
The purpose of an activity diagram can be described as โ
๏ท Draw the activity flow of a system.
๏ท Describe the sequence from one activity to another.
๏ท Describe the parallel, branched and concurrent flow of the system.
19.
20. 7. SEQUENCE DIAGRAM โ
๏ท UML Sequence diagrams are used to represent or model the flow of
message, events or action between the objects and components of the
system.
๏ท It is primarily used to design document and validate the architecture,
interfaces and logging to the system.
๏ท Sequence diagrams provide a dynamic view to the system behaviour
which can be difficult to extract from static diagrams or specifications.
๏ท In the sequence diagrams the time is represented in the vertical direction
showing the sequence of interaction of the header element.
21. 8. COMPONENT DIAGRAM โ
๏ท It is used to describe the physical artefacts of the system and
implementation perspective.
๏ท Component diagrams are difficult in terms of nature and behaviour.
Because it does not describe the functionality of all systems, but it
describes the components used to make those functionalities.
๏ท Components diagrams can also be used to describe as static
implementation view of the system. Static implementation represents the
organization of the components at a particular moment.
The usages ofthe component diagram can be described as:
๏ Model the components of the system.
๏ Model database schema.
๏ Model executable of an application.
๏ Model systems source code.
22. 9. DEPLOYMENT DIAGRAM โ
๏ Deployment diagrams are used to visualize the topology of the
physical component their distribution and association of a system
where the software components are deployed.
๏ Component diagrams are used to describethe component and
deployment diagram shows how they are deployed in hardware.
๏ UML is mainly designed to focus on software artifacts of a system.
But these two diagrams are used to focus on software component
and hardware component.
๏ The nodes appear as boxes, and the artifacts allocated to each node
appear as rectangles within the boxes. Node may have sub nodes,
which appear as nested boxes.
๏ A single node in a deployment diagram may conceptually represent
multiple physical nodes, such as a cluster of database servers.
๏ The usage of deployment diagrams can be described as follow:
๏ง To model the h/w topology of a system.
๏ง To model embedded system.
๏ง To model h/w details for a client /server system.
๏ง To model h/w details of a distribution application.
๏ง Forward and reverse engineering.