Parts of plant

Parts of Plant, Class III
Ishan Dasgupta

Parts of a Plant
• The parts of a plant can be
divided into two parts;
• The root system – that part
of the plant which grows
beneath the soil.
• The shoot system – that
part of the plant which grows
above the soil.

The Shoot System has
• Stem
• Branch
• Flower
• Fruits
• Leaves
• Parts of a plant are known as
the morphology.

Roots grow into the soil.
Roots grow into
the soil.
1
Roots are the
base of the
plant.
2
From the main
root, a number
of roots arise.
3
Roots are of two
kinds, tap root
and fibrous root.
4

Roots can be Fibrous Roots or Tap Roots

Roots..
Tap Root
• There is a main
root from which
other roots
arise.
• Balsam, Tulsi,
Brinjal, Neem,
Mango
Fibrous Root
• Bunch of roots grow
from the stem.
• Grass, rice, wheat,
onion, bamboo and
palm tree.

More Pictures of Tap Roots and Fibrous Roots
• Tap Roots
• Fibrous Roots

Is Mango a Tap Root? Examples of roots
Tap Roots
• Carrots, turnips, parsley,
coriander
• Lemon
• Mango
• Balsam
Fibrous Roots
• Grass
• Rice and wheat, millets,
bamboo. (all these are kinds of
grass)
• Palm Trees

3 Functions of the Root
System
Fixation – root fixes
the plant into the soil.
Absorption – root
absorbs the dissolved
minerals from the soil
and supplies them to the
stem
Storage of food – in some
plants like carrot and
beat, roots store the
excess food prepared by
the plant which swell up
and become edible.

Structure and Function of the Shoot
System

The Shoot System
The part of the
plant above
the soil is
called the
shoot system.
The shoot has
stem,
branches,
leaves, flowers
and fruits.

The Stem
The stem grows
above the ground.
It holds the plant
upright
It supports the
branches, leaves,
flowers and fruits.

In some
plants
the
stem is
very
weak. It
needs
support
to grow.
MoneyPlant

Edible Stems – They are the edible part of the
plants. Plants store excess food in the stems for
Sugar Cane Potato

The leaf
1. Is green in colour due to the
presence of green pigment
called chlorophyll.

The flat and broad portion of
the leaf is called the leaf blade
•In the middle of
the leaf is the
main vein, or the
midrib.
•arising from the
midrib and
running towards
the margin of the
leaf are smaller
veins.

Tiny pores on
the leaf are
called
stomata.

The Leaf is the food factory
of the plant
Leaf prepares
food for
plants by
taking carbon
dioxide from
air, water
from soil and
sunlight.
The
process by
which
leaves
prepare
food for
the plants
by taking
carbon
dioxide
from air,
water
from the
soil and
sunlight

Mushrooms and mould
depend on dead and decaying
organisms for their food

Water is
absorbed by
plants
• Excess water
evaporates into the air
through the minute
pores in the leaf known
as the stomata.
• This process is
known as
transpiration

Kinds of Plants
HERBS, SHRUBS AND TREES

Plants are
classified
according to
their sizes as
Herbs
Shrubs
Trees

Herbs have
Thin but strong
stems.
The stems stand
upright and hold
the leaves, flowers
and fruits.

Shrubs have
Thicker stems
than herbs.
A number of
branches grow
from the base of
the stem.
This gives shrubs a
thick and bushy
appearance.
Shrubs generally
do not grow very
tall.

Trees
Trees have hard and woody
stems.
Trees grow very tall.
Trees live very long. Some trees
may live over hundred years.

Leaves are of two kinds – simple leaf and
compound leaf
Simple Leaves
• Simple leaves are found in
hibiscus
Compound Leaves
• Compound leaves are found in
neem.

Leaves are mostly green in colour due to
the presence of chlorophyll, a green
pigment
But some leaves are coloured. Coloured
leaves also contain green pigment but
have other coloured pigments as well.

Flowers
Flowers are the most beautiful part of the plant.
Flowers are called as the reproductive organ of the plant.
Flowers contain seed within them.
New plants again grow from the seed.

Flowers
• Flowers differ in colour, shape and size.
• Flowers grow single or in bunches.

Fruits
Fruits are very tasty and healthy.
They contain minerals, vitamins and calcium.
There are various differences between one
fruit and another.
Fruits like mango, cherry, plum contain only
one seed.
Some fruits like apple, guava and orange have
a few seeds within them.
Some fruits like the papaya and watermelon
contains many seeds within them.
Banana and pineapple do not have seeds
within them.

Parts of plant

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