Descriptive Statistics and Data Visualization

Diversity in Datasets: (d) e constructing Descriptive Statistics and Data Visualization Douglas James Joubert National Institutes of Health Library

Outline ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Before you Survey Consult with a Statistician Vital to your success Great way to collaborate

Analysis Always Follows Design Johnson (2005) Question Hypothesis Experimental Design Samples Data Analysis

Descriptive Statistics Location Spread (Dispersion) Shape of the Distribution Mean Mode Median SD Variance COV Skewness (+ or -) Kurtosis

Levels of Measurement ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Reducing Measurement Error Triangulate Different measures for same construct X2 X1

Types of Scale ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Types of Scale ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Hierarchy of Measurement Ratio Interval Ordinal Nominal Trochim (2001) Absolute Zero Distance is meaningful Characteristics can be ordered Classification is arbitrary

Descriptive vs. Inferential Statistics ,[object Object],[object Object],Munro (2002) S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 ? ? ? ? ? ? Sample Population

Univariate Descriptive Analysis ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Graphical Methods for Displaying Data ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Frequency distributions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Categorical Frequency distributions A O B A AB AB A A B B O O O A B AB 16 Total 3 AB 4 O 4 B 5 A Frequency f Class

Ungrouped Frequency distributions 161 155 103 103 Birth weight data in (oz) 101 100 98 98 89 94 94 93 91 88 88 67 64 64 58 32

Ungrouped Frequency distributions … 1 93 1 91 2 88 1 67 2 64 1 58 1 32 Count (Frequency f) Birth weight

Grouped Frequency Distribution ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Grouped Frequency Distribution ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Grouped Frequency Distribution of CA patients *=(E2/ $E$ 8)*100, in Excel to force absolute reference 1.00 .1463 .1498 .2439 .2055 .2473 0.0696 rf* 287 245 202 132 73 2 cf 287 Total .9997 42 More .8534 43 40 – 50 .7036 70 30 – 40 .4597 59 20 – 30 .2542 71 10 – 20 .0696 2 0 – 10 crf Frequency Age

Table Tips ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Table Tips ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Charts ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Munro (2002)

Bar Charts ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Stacked Bar Chart ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Histograms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Histogram Std Err Bars Normal Dist Fit

Histogram: SEM and Normal Distributions ,[object Object],[object Object]

Pareto Charts ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

2-Way Comparative Pareto Chart SAS (1990)

Overlay Chart ,[object Object],SAS (1989–2004)

Plots ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Plots ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Simple Scatterplot SAS (1989–2004)

Simple Scatterplot ,[object Object],SAS (1989–2004)

Box-and-Whisker Plots ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Outlier Box Plot Possible Outliers IQR Largest value not an outlier Smallest value not an outlier 75th 25th 50 th (median)

Contact Information ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

References ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Descriptive Statistics and Data Visualization

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