This document provides an introduction to object-oriented analysis and design (OOAD) and unified modeling language (UML) diagrams. It discusses the key concepts of object-oriented analysis, object-oriented design, and the phases of analysis, design, and implementation. It also provides an overview of the different types of UML diagrams including class, component, deployment, use case, sequence, collaboration, state chart, and activity diagrams. The document emphasizes the importance of use case diagrams for requirements analysis and provides rules and examples for developing use case diagrams.
The document discusses the essential elements of a UML class diagram including class name, attributes, operations, and relationships like dependency, generalization, association, aggregation, and composition. It explains how to construct a domain class model by finding classes, preparing a data dictionary, finding associations, attributes, using inheritance, and grouping classes into packages.
Processes are heavyweight flows of execution that run concurrently in separate address spaces, while threads are lightweight flows that run concurrently within the same process address space. Active classes represent concurrent flows of control and can be stereotyped as <<process>> or <<thread>>. There are four types of communication between active and passive objects: active to active, active to passive, passive to active, and passive to passive. Synchronization coordinates concurrent flows using sequential, guarded, or concurrent approaches.
UML (Unified Modeling Language) is a standard language for specifying, visualizing, and documenting models of software systems. The document discusses the history and evolution of UML, provides definitions and examples of various UML diagram types including class, object, use case, state, activity, sequence, and others. It also explains how UML diagrams can be used to model different views of a system, such as structural relationships and dynamic behavior over time.
A class diagram shows the structure of a system through classes, attributes, operations, and relationships between classes. It includes classes and their properties like attributes and methods. It also shows relationships between classes like associations, aggregations, generalizations, and dependencies. The class diagram is a key tool in object-oriented analysis and design.
This document provides an overview of UML class diagrams, including their purpose and essential elements. A UML class diagram visually describes the structure of a system by showing classes, attributes, operations, and relationships. Key elements include classes, associations, generalization, dependencies, and notes. The document also provides examples and tips for creating UML class diagrams.
Importance & Principles of Modeling from UML DesigningABHISHEK KUMAR
Object oriented analysis and design uses modeling to understand systems being developed. Models simplify systems at different abstraction levels to visualize structure and behavior, provide templates for building systems, and document decisions. Effective modeling requires choosing appropriate models that influence solutions, expressing models at different abstraction levels for different stakeholders, ensuring models are grounded in reality, and using multiple complementary models to solve complex systems.
The document discusses UML extensibility mechanisms which allow extending the language in controlled ways. These mechanisms include stereotypes, tagged values, and constraints. Stereotypes are a way to create new kinds of modeling elements that are specific to a problem. Tagged values allow adding new properties to stereotypes. Constraints specify rules and limitations. Collaboration diagrams describe how objects interact by sending and receiving messages.
This document defines a UML class diagram and its components. A UML class diagram shows classes, fields, methods, and relationships between classes. It represents classes and their inheritance, interface implementation, and associations. Associations include dependencies, aggregations, and compositions. The document explains class diagram notation for classes, attributes, methods, relationships, and tools for creating class diagrams.
The document discusses the essential elements of a UML class diagram including class name, attributes, operations, and relationships like dependency, generalization, association, aggregation, and composition. It explains how to construct a domain class model by finding classes, preparing a data dictionary, finding associations, attributes, using inheritance, and grouping classes into packages.
Processes are heavyweight flows of execution that run concurrently in separate address spaces, while threads are lightweight flows that run concurrently within the same process address space. Active classes represent concurrent flows of control and can be stereotyped as <<process>> or <<thread>>. There are four types of communication between active and passive objects: active to active, active to passive, passive to active, and passive to passive. Synchronization coordinates concurrent flows using sequential, guarded, or concurrent approaches.
UML (Unified Modeling Language) is a standard language for specifying, visualizing, and documenting models of software systems. The document discusses the history and evolution of UML, provides definitions and examples of various UML diagram types including class, object, use case, state, activity, sequence, and others. It also explains how UML diagrams can be used to model different views of a system, such as structural relationships and dynamic behavior over time.
A class diagram shows the structure of a system through classes, attributes, operations, and relationships between classes. It includes classes and their properties like attributes and methods. It also shows relationships between classes like associations, aggregations, generalizations, and dependencies. The class diagram is a key tool in object-oriented analysis and design.
This document provides an overview of UML class diagrams, including their purpose and essential elements. A UML class diagram visually describes the structure of a system by showing classes, attributes, operations, and relationships. Key elements include classes, associations, generalization, dependencies, and notes. The document also provides examples and tips for creating UML class diagrams.
Importance & Principles of Modeling from UML DesigningABHISHEK KUMAR
Object oriented analysis and design uses modeling to understand systems being developed. Models simplify systems at different abstraction levels to visualize structure and behavior, provide templates for building systems, and document decisions. Effective modeling requires choosing appropriate models that influence solutions, expressing models at different abstraction levels for different stakeholders, ensuring models are grounded in reality, and using multiple complementary models to solve complex systems.
The document discusses UML extensibility mechanisms which allow extending the language in controlled ways. These mechanisms include stereotypes, tagged values, and constraints. Stereotypes are a way to create new kinds of modeling elements that are specific to a problem. Tagged values allow adding new properties to stereotypes. Constraints specify rules and limitations. Collaboration diagrams describe how objects interact by sending and receiving messages.
This document defines a UML class diagram and its components. A UML class diagram shows classes, fields, methods, and relationships between classes. It represents classes and their inheritance, interface implementation, and associations. Associations include dependencies, aggregations, and compositions. The document explains class diagram notation for classes, attributes, methods, relationships, and tools for creating class diagrams.
The document discusses object-oriented analysis and design concepts like objects, classes, class diagrams, and relationships between classes. It defines objects and classes, and notes that class diagrams describe the attributes and operations of classes and the relationships between them. The document also discusses different types of relationships between classes like association, generalization, aggregation, and their notation in class diagrams including association names, roles, and multiplicity.
This document summarizes structural modeling techniques used to identify classes in object-oriented analysis and design. It discusses three common approaches: the noun-phrase approach, which identifies classes from nouns in requirements; the common class pattern approach, which leverages known common classes; and the use case driven approach, which analyzes use cases. It also describes how to represent classes, relationships, interfaces and packages using class and object diagrams. Finally, it compares entity-relationship diagrams and class diagrams, noting class diagrams describe system structure without persistence details.
The document discusses the Unified Modeling Language (UML) which is a general-purpose modeling language used to visualize, specify, construct, and document software systems. UML uses graphical notation to represent the design of software projects including concepts like use case diagrams, class diagrams, sequence diagrams, and more. It provides a standard way to visualize a system from different perspectives including structural and behavioral views.
The document discusses UML package diagrams and their basic notations. It explains that package diagrams are used to represent the logical architecture of a system by illustrating layers, subsystems, and packages. Packages can contain classes, other packages, use cases, and other elements. Packages can also be nested within one another. Dependency lines show dependent packages.
The document describes class diagrams and the relationships between classes. A class diagram shows classes and their attributes, operations, and relationships to other classes. The main types of relationships are:
1. Association - a relationship between classes that is represented by a solid line.
2. Dependency - a relationship where changes to one class may affect another class.
3. Generalization - a relationship between a superclass and subclass where the subclass shares properties of the superclass.
4. Realization - a relationship between a classifier that specifies a contract and another that guarantees to carry out the contract, such as between interfaces and classes.
The Ultimate Guide for UML Class Diagrams by CreatelyCreately
The Easy Guide to UML Class Diagrams | Class Diagram Tutorial
by Creately.
Creately offers wide range of UML Class Diagram Templates which can be edited instantly using our online Editor. We have listed several Class Diagram Templates in this tutorial covering some of the most popular areas in the industry along with comprehensive guide for UML Class diagram templates. You can find many more Class Diagram templates on our diagram community as well. All our popular UML Class diagram templates are available for free. Just click on the "Use as Template" button to immediately start modifying it using our online diagramming tools.
UML (Unified Modeling Language) is a standard modeling language used to specify, visualize, and document software systems. It uses graphical notations to model structural and behavioral aspects of a system. Common UML diagram types include use case diagrams, class diagrams, sequence diagrams, and state diagrams. Use case diagrams model user interactions, class diagrams show system entities and relationships, sequence diagrams visualize object interactions over time, and state diagrams depict object states and transitions. UML aims to simplify the complex process of software design through standardized modeling.
Unit 2(advanced class modeling & state diagram)Manoj Reddy
This document discusses state modeling concepts in UML including states, transitions, events, and state diagrams. It provides examples of state diagrams for a phone and traffic lights. States represent conditions an object can be in, such as idle or running. Transitions are changes between states triggered by events like receiving a call. State diagrams visually depict the flow between states.
Introduction to the Unified Modeling Language (UML)Marwa Ali Eissa
This Lesson covers the following topics :
Exploring the Benefits of Modeling Software
What Is a Model ?
Why Model software ?
OOSD as Model Transformation
Defining the UML
UML Elements
UML Diagrams
UML Diagrams Categories
UML CASE Tools
CRC stands for Class, Responsibilities, and Collaborators. The goal of CRC is to provide the simplest conceptual introduction to object-oriented modeling. The heart of CRC is the CRC card, which is used to document classes and their responsibilities and collaborators. CRC cards do not use UML directly, but the information on the cards is later translated into a UML class diagram. The CRC process involves domain experts and facilitators walking through scenarios to identify class responsibilities, which are documented on the cards. The cards are then arranged to show class collaborations, and the resulting model is reviewed.
A class diagram describes the structure of a system by showing classes, attributes, operations, and relationships. A class represents a set of objects with common properties. Attributes and operations are included within classes. Relationships between classes such as associations, generalizations, and dependencies are also shown graphically. The class diagram provides an overview of the system design and structure.
UML (Unified Modeling Language) is a standardized modeling language used to specify, visualize, construct and document the artifacts of a software system. UML uses different diagram types to model different aspects of a system, such as its static structure using class or object diagrams, or its dynamic behavior using sequence or activity diagrams. Some diagram types depict the static structure of a system, others the dynamic behavior, and some the implementation of components.
1) The document discusses Unified Modeling Language (UML) diagrams for modeling systems, including both structural and behavioral diagrams.
2) Structural diagrams represent the static aspects of a system and include class, object, component, and deployment diagrams.
3) Behavioral diagrams model the dynamic aspects and include use case, sequence, collaboration, state chart, and activity diagrams.
UML (Unified Modeling Language) is a standardized modeling language used in software engineering to visualize the design of a system. There are two main types of UML diagrams: structural diagrams that depict the static elements of a system, and behavioral diagrams that show the dynamic interactions between structural elements over time. Behavioral diagrams include sequence diagrams, activity diagrams, and state machine diagrams. Sequence diagrams specifically depict the sequential order of interactions between objects in a system through message passing and lifelines.
UML (Unified Modeling Language) is a standard language for visualizing and documenting software systems. It provides elements like classes, relations, and diagrams to model both the static structure and dynamic behavior of a system. Static design with UML includes class diagrams, which show classes and their relationships, and object diagrams, which show objects at a point in time. Dynamic design uses sequence diagrams to show object interactions over time and collaboration diagrams to show message flows. UML aids both detailed design discussions and lighter design processes as a documentation tool.
This document provides an overview of the CST 205 Object Oriented Programming using Java course, which covers approaches to software design like object oriented design, UML diagrams including class diagrams, and an introduction to Java programming. It then discusses class diagrams in more detail, including UML notation for classes, member visibility and scope, relationships between classes like association and generalization, and provides an example class diagram for a pizza order system.
A class diagram shows the structure of a system by depicting classes, their attributes, operations, and relationships between classes. It is used for requirement capture, end-user interaction, and development. A class diagram depicts classes and their interrelationships through associations like generalization, aggregation, and composition. It also shows constraints and notes. An object diagram represents a concrete instance of a class diagram at a particular moment by showing specific objects.
Interfaces allow for separation of concerns and evolution of a system over time without disrupting existing structures. They specify a service that a class or component provides without implementing any structure or behavior. Common modeling techniques for interfaces include identifying seams between components, modeling static and dynamic types, using packages to group logically related elements, and creating architectural views to visualize different aspects of a system.
The document provides an overview of the Unified Modeling Language (UML) including:
1) UML consists of 9 diagrams used at different stages of software development for requirements analysis, design, and deployment.
2) UML diagrams can be classified as static, dynamic, or implementation based on whether they depict the structural, behavioral, or deployment aspects of a system.
3) Popular UML tools should support features like generating code from diagrams, reverse engineering code into diagrams, and integrating with IDEs. Rational Rose is a widely used UML modeling tool.
This document provides an introduction to object-oriented analysis and design (OOAD) and the Unified Modeling Language (UML). It discusses the basic concepts of OOAD and how UML uses diagrams to model software systems. UML diagrams can be used in all phases of the software development life cycle, including requirements analysis, design, implementation, and testing. The document also gives an overview of the different parts of UML, such as views, diagrams, relationships, and model elements.
8.Unified Process Modelling.ppt of software enggSukhmanSingh91
The Unified Process (UP) is a framework for software development that uses iterative development. It breaks projects into short iterations of 2-6 weeks to develop executable subsets of the system. Each iteration includes requirements analysis, design, implementation, and testing. This allows for early feedback and risk mitigation. The UP also structures work into four phases - Inception focuses on feasibility, Elaboration builds the core architecture, Construction implements remaining elements, and Transition handles deployment. Iterations are time-boxed to keep projects on schedule.
This document provides an overview of the Unified Modeling Language (UML) including its history, purpose, key diagrams, and popular modeling tools. UML was developed to provide a standard modeling language for visualizing, specifying, constructing, and documenting software systems. It includes nine commonly used diagram types for different views of a system. The diagrams can be categorized as static, dynamic, or implementation based on whether they describe a system's structure, behavior, or deployment. Popular UML modeling tools help generate code from diagrams and reverse engineer diagrams from code.
The document discusses object-oriented analysis and design concepts like objects, classes, class diagrams, and relationships between classes. It defines objects and classes, and notes that class diagrams describe the attributes and operations of classes and the relationships between them. The document also discusses different types of relationships between classes like association, generalization, aggregation, and their notation in class diagrams including association names, roles, and multiplicity.
This document summarizes structural modeling techniques used to identify classes in object-oriented analysis and design. It discusses three common approaches: the noun-phrase approach, which identifies classes from nouns in requirements; the common class pattern approach, which leverages known common classes; and the use case driven approach, which analyzes use cases. It also describes how to represent classes, relationships, interfaces and packages using class and object diagrams. Finally, it compares entity-relationship diagrams and class diagrams, noting class diagrams describe system structure without persistence details.
The document discusses the Unified Modeling Language (UML) which is a general-purpose modeling language used to visualize, specify, construct, and document software systems. UML uses graphical notation to represent the design of software projects including concepts like use case diagrams, class diagrams, sequence diagrams, and more. It provides a standard way to visualize a system from different perspectives including structural and behavioral views.
The document discusses UML package diagrams and their basic notations. It explains that package diagrams are used to represent the logical architecture of a system by illustrating layers, subsystems, and packages. Packages can contain classes, other packages, use cases, and other elements. Packages can also be nested within one another. Dependency lines show dependent packages.
The document describes class diagrams and the relationships between classes. A class diagram shows classes and their attributes, operations, and relationships to other classes. The main types of relationships are:
1. Association - a relationship between classes that is represented by a solid line.
2. Dependency - a relationship where changes to one class may affect another class.
3. Generalization - a relationship between a superclass and subclass where the subclass shares properties of the superclass.
4. Realization - a relationship between a classifier that specifies a contract and another that guarantees to carry out the contract, such as between interfaces and classes.
The Ultimate Guide for UML Class Diagrams by CreatelyCreately
The Easy Guide to UML Class Diagrams | Class Diagram Tutorial
by Creately.
Creately offers wide range of UML Class Diagram Templates which can be edited instantly using our online Editor. We have listed several Class Diagram Templates in this tutorial covering some of the most popular areas in the industry along with comprehensive guide for UML Class diagram templates. You can find many more Class Diagram templates on our diagram community as well. All our popular UML Class diagram templates are available for free. Just click on the "Use as Template" button to immediately start modifying it using our online diagramming tools.
UML (Unified Modeling Language) is a standard modeling language used to specify, visualize, and document software systems. It uses graphical notations to model structural and behavioral aspects of a system. Common UML diagram types include use case diagrams, class diagrams, sequence diagrams, and state diagrams. Use case diagrams model user interactions, class diagrams show system entities and relationships, sequence diagrams visualize object interactions over time, and state diagrams depict object states and transitions. UML aims to simplify the complex process of software design through standardized modeling.
Unit 2(advanced class modeling & state diagram)Manoj Reddy
This document discusses state modeling concepts in UML including states, transitions, events, and state diagrams. It provides examples of state diagrams for a phone and traffic lights. States represent conditions an object can be in, such as idle or running. Transitions are changes between states triggered by events like receiving a call. State diagrams visually depict the flow between states.
Introduction to the Unified Modeling Language (UML)Marwa Ali Eissa
This Lesson covers the following topics :
Exploring the Benefits of Modeling Software
What Is a Model ?
Why Model software ?
OOSD as Model Transformation
Defining the UML
UML Elements
UML Diagrams
UML Diagrams Categories
UML CASE Tools
CRC stands for Class, Responsibilities, and Collaborators. The goal of CRC is to provide the simplest conceptual introduction to object-oriented modeling. The heart of CRC is the CRC card, which is used to document classes and their responsibilities and collaborators. CRC cards do not use UML directly, but the information on the cards is later translated into a UML class diagram. The CRC process involves domain experts and facilitators walking through scenarios to identify class responsibilities, which are documented on the cards. The cards are then arranged to show class collaborations, and the resulting model is reviewed.
A class diagram describes the structure of a system by showing classes, attributes, operations, and relationships. A class represents a set of objects with common properties. Attributes and operations are included within classes. Relationships between classes such as associations, generalizations, and dependencies are also shown graphically. The class diagram provides an overview of the system design and structure.
UML (Unified Modeling Language) is a standardized modeling language used to specify, visualize, construct and document the artifacts of a software system. UML uses different diagram types to model different aspects of a system, such as its static structure using class or object diagrams, or its dynamic behavior using sequence or activity diagrams. Some diagram types depict the static structure of a system, others the dynamic behavior, and some the implementation of components.
1) The document discusses Unified Modeling Language (UML) diagrams for modeling systems, including both structural and behavioral diagrams.
2) Structural diagrams represent the static aspects of a system and include class, object, component, and deployment diagrams.
3) Behavioral diagrams model the dynamic aspects and include use case, sequence, collaboration, state chart, and activity diagrams.
UML (Unified Modeling Language) is a standardized modeling language used in software engineering to visualize the design of a system. There are two main types of UML diagrams: structural diagrams that depict the static elements of a system, and behavioral diagrams that show the dynamic interactions between structural elements over time. Behavioral diagrams include sequence diagrams, activity diagrams, and state machine diagrams. Sequence diagrams specifically depict the sequential order of interactions between objects in a system through message passing and lifelines.
UML (Unified Modeling Language) is a standard language for visualizing and documenting software systems. It provides elements like classes, relations, and diagrams to model both the static structure and dynamic behavior of a system. Static design with UML includes class diagrams, which show classes and their relationships, and object diagrams, which show objects at a point in time. Dynamic design uses sequence diagrams to show object interactions over time and collaboration diagrams to show message flows. UML aids both detailed design discussions and lighter design processes as a documentation tool.
This document provides an overview of the CST 205 Object Oriented Programming using Java course, which covers approaches to software design like object oriented design, UML diagrams including class diagrams, and an introduction to Java programming. It then discusses class diagrams in more detail, including UML notation for classes, member visibility and scope, relationships between classes like association and generalization, and provides an example class diagram for a pizza order system.
A class diagram shows the structure of a system by depicting classes, their attributes, operations, and relationships between classes. It is used for requirement capture, end-user interaction, and development. A class diagram depicts classes and their interrelationships through associations like generalization, aggregation, and composition. It also shows constraints and notes. An object diagram represents a concrete instance of a class diagram at a particular moment by showing specific objects.
Interfaces allow for separation of concerns and evolution of a system over time without disrupting existing structures. They specify a service that a class or component provides without implementing any structure or behavior. Common modeling techniques for interfaces include identifying seams between components, modeling static and dynamic types, using packages to group logically related elements, and creating architectural views to visualize different aspects of a system.
The document provides an overview of the Unified Modeling Language (UML) including:
1) UML consists of 9 diagrams used at different stages of software development for requirements analysis, design, and deployment.
2) UML diagrams can be classified as static, dynamic, or implementation based on whether they depict the structural, behavioral, or deployment aspects of a system.
3) Popular UML tools should support features like generating code from diagrams, reverse engineering code into diagrams, and integrating with IDEs. Rational Rose is a widely used UML modeling tool.
This document provides an introduction to object-oriented analysis and design (OOAD) and the Unified Modeling Language (UML). It discusses the basic concepts of OOAD and how UML uses diagrams to model software systems. UML diagrams can be used in all phases of the software development life cycle, including requirements analysis, design, implementation, and testing. The document also gives an overview of the different parts of UML, such as views, diagrams, relationships, and model elements.
8.Unified Process Modelling.ppt of software enggSukhmanSingh91
The Unified Process (UP) is a framework for software development that uses iterative development. It breaks projects into short iterations of 2-6 weeks to develop executable subsets of the system. Each iteration includes requirements analysis, design, implementation, and testing. This allows for early feedback and risk mitigation. The UP also structures work into four phases - Inception focuses on feasibility, Elaboration builds the core architecture, Construction implements remaining elements, and Transition handles deployment. Iterations are time-boxed to keep projects on schedule.
This document provides an overview of the Unified Modeling Language (UML) including its history, purpose, key diagrams, and popular modeling tools. UML was developed to provide a standard modeling language for visualizing, specifying, constructing, and documenting software systems. It includes nine commonly used diagram types for different views of a system. The diagrams can be categorized as static, dynamic, or implementation based on whether they describe a system's structure, behavior, or deployment. Popular UML modeling tools help generate code from diagrams and reverse engineer diagrams from code.
The document discusses object-oriented design and analysis. It covers key aspects of the design phase including identifying classes, class responsibilities, and relationships between classes. The purposes of the design phase are to gather information for implementation, reduce implementation time and cost, and be the most time-consuming phase. Results of design include text descriptions and diagrams depicting relationships, usage scenarios, and state changes. The document also discusses translating analysis concepts into design, including understanding quality attributes, constraints, and requirements.
The document discusses object-oriented analysis and design (OOAD), including an introduction to basic OO principles like encapsulation, abstraction, hierarchy, and modularity. It then covers various techniques for object-oriented analysis like noun lists and use cases. Finally, it discusses the process of transforming analysis models into design models using object-oriented design.
OOAD Part A Question with answer and Part B & C questions.
References :
1) Previous University Questions.
2) Applying UML and Patterns: An Introduction to Object-Oriented Analysis and Design and Iterative Development by Craig Larman.
3) Google search engine for text and images.
Rumbaugh's Object Modeling Technique (OMT) is an object-oriented analysis and design methodology. It uses three main modeling approaches: object models, dynamic models, and functional models. The object model defines the structure of objects in the system through class diagrams. The dynamic model describes object behavior over time using state diagrams and event flow diagrams. The functional model represents system processes and data flow using data flow diagrams.
UML is not dead. Even if you feed your team with agile fuel, UML can save you some time and extra discussions. In this super short presentation we show you how we apply UML to speed up software requirement extractions.
Stop writing docs that nobody reads and go directly to the point!
UML (Unified Modeling Language) is a general purpose modeling language that provides a standard way to visualize the design of a system. It uses diagrams to depict both the static structure and dynamic behavior of a system. The main types of UML diagrams are structural diagrams, which show the structure of a system, and behavioral diagrams, which show the behavior of a system. Some key UML diagrams include class diagrams, which show system classes and relationships, use case diagrams which illustrate user interactions with a system, and sequence diagrams which show the interactions between system components over time. UML was adopted as a standard in 1997 and is now managed by the Object Management Group.
UML (Unified Modeling Language) is a general purpose modeling language that provides a standard way to visualize the design of a system. It uses diagrams to depict both the static structure and dynamic behavior of a system. The main types of UML diagrams are structural diagrams, which show the structure of a system, and behavioral diagrams, which show the behavior of a system. Some key UML diagrams include class diagrams, which show system classes and relationships, use case diagrams which illustrate functional requirements, and sequence diagrams which depict the interactions between objects. UML helps software engineers, business people, and architects with modeling, design and analysis of systems.
The document discusses the differences between software analysis and design. It provides details on:
- Analysis focuses on clarifying requirements and exploring the problem domain to identify concepts and analysis classes.
- Design starts with exploring the solution domain to formulate the system design using tools like class and object diagrams.
- Key outcomes of analysis include requirement specifications while design outcomes include low-level system design documentation.
- Analysis involves system analysts and end users while design involves system architects and developers.
The document discusses design using the Unified Modeling Language (UML). It describes the basic building blocks of UML including things, relationships, and diagrams. It explains the different types of things like structural things (classes, objects, interfaces), behavioral things (interactions, state machines), and grouping and annotational things. It also discusses the common relationships in UML like dependency, association, generalization, and realization. Finally, it lists the nine most common UML diagrams used for modeling systems, including class diagrams, object diagrams, and use case diagrams.
Object-oriented analysis and design (OOAD) uses visual modeling techniques like the Unified Modeling Language (UML) to analyze and design systems based on interacting objects. UML captures system elements and facilitates specification and visualization. It includes static diagrams for non-changing characteristics and dynamic diagrams for changing behaviors. The goal of OOAD and UML is to integrate analysis and development teams through defined processes and modeling.
Object-oriented analysis and design (OOAD) uses visual modeling techniques like the Unified Modeling Language (UML) to analyze and design systems based on interacting objects. UML captures system elements and facilitates specification and visualization. It includes static diagrams for non-changing characteristics and dynamic diagrams for changing behaviors. The goal of OOAD and UML is to integrate analysis and development teams through defined processes and modeling.
This document provides an overview of object-oriented methodologies, including Rumbaugh's Object Modeling Technique (OMT), Booch methodology, Jacobson's methodologies, patterns, frameworks, the Unified Modeling Language (UML), and common UML diagrams. It describes the key phases and models of OMT, Booch, and Jacobson's approaches. It also defines what patterns and frameworks are and compares them. Finally, it explains the history and concepts of UML and provides brief descriptions of common UML diagrams like class, use case, activity, sequence, and collaboration diagrams.
This document provides an overview of object oriented analysis and design (OOAD) and the unified process. It introduces key OOAD concepts like objects, classes, attributes, methods, and interactions through message passing. The benefits of object orientation are discussed. The unified process is presented as a popular iterative software development process used for building OO systems. The unified process consists of inception, elaboration, construction, transition, and production phases. Common UML diagrams like use case diagrams, class diagrams, object diagrams, and activity diagrams are also introduced as tools used in OOAD.
The document discusses UML (Unified Modeling Language) and object-oriented software development. It describes the software development life cycle and various modeling techniques used in UML, including use case diagrams, class diagrams, sequence diagrams, and collaboration diagrams. It explains key UML concepts such as classes, objects, attributes, operations, actors, and relationships. The benefits of visual modeling and UML are also summarized.
The document provides an introduction to Object Oriented Analysis and Design (OOAD). It discusses the key concepts of object orientation including objects, classes, attributes, methods, and interactions through message passing. It also describes the Unified Process, a popular iterative software development process used for object oriented systems. The phases of the Unified Process include Inception, Elaboration, Construction, Transition, and Production. Finally, it introduces various UML diagrams used in OOAD including use case diagrams, class diagrams, object diagrams, activity diagrams, and their applications and examples.
An employee who helps passengers
- A use case has a unique name and an optional description.
- Examples:
- Buy ticket: Purchase a ticket for travel
- Check schedule: Check train schedule and availability
- Provide location: Provide train location to passengers
Buy ticket
Check schedule
Provide location
Passenger
Assistant
GPS satellite
Use Case Modelling (Contd.)
Associations
- Associations connect actors to the use cases they are involved in.
- Types of associations:
1. Basic association: Actor uses the use case
2. Extend association: Extends the basic behavior of a use case
3
The document provides an introduction to Object Oriented Analysis and Design (OOAD). It discusses the key concepts of object orientation including objects, classes, attributes, methods, and interactions through message passing. It also describes the Unified Process, a popular iterative software development process used for object oriented systems. The Unified Process consists of inception, elaboration, construction, transition, and production phases. Finally, the document introduces various UML diagrams used in OOAD including use case diagrams, class diagrams, object diagrams, and activity diagrams. It provides examples of these diagrams for a passport automation system.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has revolutionized the creation of images and videos, enabling the generation of highly realistic and imaginative visual content. Utilizing advanced techniques like Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) and neural style transfer, AI can transform simple sketches into detailed artwork or blend various styles into unique visual masterpieces. GANs, in particular, function by pitting two neural networks against each other, resulting in the production of remarkably lifelike images. AI's ability to analyze and learn from vast datasets allows it to create visuals that not only mimic human creativity but also push the boundaries of artistic expression, making it a powerful tool in digital media and entertainment industries.
CapTechTalks Webinar Slides June 2024 Donovan Wright.pptxCapitolTechU
Slides from a Capitol Technology University webinar held June 20, 2024. The webinar featured Dr. Donovan Wright, presenting on the Department of Defense Digital Transformation.
Get Success with the Latest UiPath UIPATH-ADPV1 Exam Dumps (V11.02) 2024yarusun
Are you worried about your preparation for the UiPath Power Platform Functional Consultant Certification Exam? You can come to DumpsBase to download the latest UiPath UIPATH-ADPV1 exam dumps (V11.02) to evaluate your preparation for the UIPATH-ADPV1 exam with the PDF format and testing engine software. The latest UiPath UIPATH-ADPV1 exam questions and answers go over every subject on the exam so you can easily understand them. You won't need to worry about passing the UIPATH-ADPV1 exam if you master all of these UiPath UIPATH-ADPV1 dumps (V11.02) of DumpsBase. #UIPATH-ADPV1 Dumps #UIPATH-ADPV1 #UIPATH-ADPV1 Exam Dumps
The Science of Learning: implications for modern teachingDerek Wenmoth
Keynote presentation to the Educational Leaders hui Kōkiritia Marautanga held in Auckland on 26 June 2024. Provides a high level overview of the history and development of the science of learning, and implications for the design of learning in our modern schools and classrooms.
How to Create User Notification in Odoo 17Celine George
This slide will represent how to create user notification in Odoo 17. Odoo allows us to create and send custom notifications on some events or actions. We have different types of notification such as sticky notification, rainbow man effect, alert and raise exception warning or validation.
(𝐓𝐋𝐄 𝟏𝟎𝟎) (𝐋𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐧 3)-𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐦𝐬
Lesson Outcomes:
- students will be able to identify and name various types of ornamental plants commonly used in landscaping and decoration, classifying them based on their characteristics such as foliage, flowering, and growth habits. They will understand the ecological, aesthetic, and economic benefits of ornamental plants, including their roles in improving air quality, providing habitats for wildlife, and enhancing the visual appeal of environments. Additionally, students will demonstrate knowledge of the basic requirements for growing ornamental plants, ensuring they can effectively cultivate and maintain these plants in various settings.
Post init hook in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleCeline George
In Odoo, hooks are functions that are presented as a string in the __init__ file of a module. They are the functions that can execute before and after the existing code.
Cross-Cultural Leadership and CommunicationMattVassar1
Business is done in many different ways across the world. How you connect with colleagues and communicate feedback constructively differs tremendously depending on where a person comes from. Drawing on the culture map from the cultural anthropologist, Erin Meyer, this class discusses how best to manage effectively across the invisible lines of culture.
How to Create a Stage or a Pipeline in Odoo 17 CRMCeline George
Using CRM module, we can manage and keep track of all new leads and opportunities in one location. It helps to manage your sales pipeline with customizable stages. In this slide let’s discuss how to create a stage or pipeline inside the CRM module in odoo 17.
How to Create a Stage or a Pipeline in Odoo 17 CRM
Cs8592 ooad unit 1
1. CS8592 OOAD
INTRODUCTION TO OOAD
WITH
OO BASICS
Dr.P.Mayil Vel Kumar
HOD/CSE
Karpagam Institute of Technology
2. CS8592 OOAD
• Object-Oriented Analysis (Overview)
– An investigation of the problem (rather than how a solution is
defined)
– During OO analysis, there is an emphasis on finding and
describing the objects (or concepts) in the problem domain.
– For example, concepts in a Library Information System include
Book, and Library.
– High level views found in the application domain.
– Oftentimes called domain objects; entitie
3. CS8592 OOAD
• Object-Oriented Design
– Emphasizes a conceptual solution that fulfills the
requirements.
– Need to define software objects and how they
collaborate to meet the requirements.
– For example, in the Library Information System, a
Book software object may have a title attribute and a
getChapter method.
• What are the methods needed to process the attributes?
4. 4
From Design to Implementation
Book
title
print()
public class Book {
public void print();
private String title;
}
Book
(concept)
Analysis
investigation
of the problem
Design
logical solution
Construction
code
Domain concept Representation in
analysis of concepts
Representation in an
object-oriented
programming language.
Can you see the services / responsibilities in the Book class?
CS8592 OOAD
10. CS8592 OOAD
UML diagrams
There are two broad categories of diagrams and they are again divided into
subcategories −
Structural Diagrams
Behavioral Diagrams
Structural Diagrams
The structural diagrams represent the static aspect of the system. These static
aspects represent those parts of a diagram, which forms the main structure and
are therefore stable.
These static parts are represented by classes, interfaces, objects, components,
and nodes. The 3 structural diagrams are −
•Class diagram
•Component diagram
•Deployment diagram
11. CS8592 OOAD
UML diagrams
Class Diagram
Class diagrams are the most common diagrams used in UML. Class diagram consists of
classes, interfaces, associations, and collaboration.
Class diagrams basically represent the object-oriented view of a system, which is static
in nature Active class is used in a class diagram to represent the concurrency of the
system.
Class diagram represents the object orientation of a system. Hence, it is generally used
for development purpose. This is the most widely used diagram at the time of system
construction.
12. CS8592 OOAD
UML diagrams
Component Diagram
Component diagrams represent a set of components and their relationships. These
components consist of classes, interfaces, or collaborations. Component diagrams
represent the implementation view of a system.
During the design phase, software artifacts (classes, interfaces, etc.) of a system are
arranged in different groups depending upon their relationship. Now, these groups are
known as components.
Finally, it can be said component diagrams are used to visualize the implementation.
Deployment Diagram
Deployment diagrams are a set of nodes and their relationships. These nodes are physical
entities where the components are deployed.
Deployment diagrams are used for visualizing the deployment view of a system. This is
generally used by the deployment team
13. CS8592 OOAD
UML diagrams
Behavioral Diagrams
Any system can have two aspects, static and dynamic. So, a model is considered as
complete when both the aspects are fully covered.
Behavioral diagrams basically capture the dynamic aspect of a system. Dynamic
aspect can be further described as the changing/moving parts of a system.
UML has the following five types of behavioral diagrams −
•Use case diagram
•Sequence diagram
•Collaboration diagram
•State chart diagram
•Activity diagram
14. CS8592 OOAD
UML diagrams
Use Case Diagram
Use case diagrams are a set of use cases, actors, and their relationships. They represent
the use case view of a system.
A use case represents a particular functionality of a system. Hence, use case diagram is
used to describe the relationships among the functionalities and their internal/external
controllers. These controllers are known as actors.
Sequence Diagram
A sequence diagram is an interaction diagram. From the name, it is clear that the
diagram deals with some sequences, which are the sequence of messages flowing from
one object to another.
Interaction among the components of a system is very important from implementation
and execution perspective. Sequence diagram is used to visualize the sequence of calls
in a system to perform a specific functionality.
15. CS8592 OOAD
UML diagrams
Collaboration Diagram
Collaboration diagram is another form of interaction diagram. It represents the structural
organization of a system and the messages sent/received. Structural organization
consists of objects and links.
The purpose of collaboration diagram is similar to sequence diagram. However, the
specific purpose of collaboration diagram is to visualize the organization of objects and
their interaction.
State chart Diagram
Any real-time system is expected to be reacted by some kind of internal/external events.
These events are responsible for state change of the system.
State chart diagram is used to represent the event driven state change of a system. It
basically describes the state change of a class, interface, etc.
State chart diagram is used to visualize the reaction of a system by internal/external
factors.
16. CS8592 OOAD
UML diagrams
Activity Diagram
Activity diagram describes the flow of control in a system. It consists of activities
and links. The flow can be sequential, concurrent, or branched.
Activities are nothing but the functions of a system. Numbers of activity diagrams
are prepared to capture the entire flow in a system.
Activity diagrams are used to visualize the flow of controls in a system. This is
prepared to have an idea of how the system will work when executed.
17. CS8592 OOAD
UML diagrams
Use Case Diagrams
Introduction and importance
• Use cases are widely regarded as one of the
important artifacts needed to successfully
develop complex software systems
• Use cases define the scope of the system and
clarify the behavioral system requirements
18. CS8592 OOAD
UML diagrams
Use Case Diagrams
Introduction and importance
• Provide a basis for a coherent conceptual
understanding of the system under
consideration without requiring knowledge of
software design or implementation
technology
• Used as organized means of capturing domain
expertise
19. CS8592 OOAD
UML diagrams
Use Case Diagrams
Introduction and importance
• Can be used to track the progress of the
system development effort
• Provide means to trace requirements to the
design
• Provide the basis for developing system
acceptance tests
20. Use Case Driven
Req.ts Impl. Test
Use Cases bind these workflows together
Analysis Design
21. Use Cases Drive Iterations
• Drive a number of development activities
– Creation and validation of the system’s
architecture
– Definition of test cases and procedures
– Planning of iterations
– Creation of user documentation
– Deployment of system
• Synchronize the content of different models
22.
23. Use Case Diagrams
Introduction and importance
• The identification of use cases and actors
occurs during the initial requirements
analysis phase of a project
• The use cases most essential to the
system are selected, analyzed, and
specified.
24. Use Case Diagrams
Introduction and importance
• These essential use cases eventually
become the basis for defining the
architecture of the system during the first
iterations of system development
• The use cases are then allocated to
iterative releases, which are planned and
eventually executed
25. Use Case Diagrams
Introduction and importance
• In the requirements phase of each
delivery, the use cases allocated to that
delivery are analyzed and completely
specified
• the use cases would then be realized by
domain level analysis/design using class
and interaction diagrams
26. Use Case Diagrams
Introduction and importance
• The domain level realization is further
refined into a detailed design that typically
employs class and interaction diagrams
and often includes state transition
diagrams and/or decision tables.
27. outline
• Review of development phases and UML Development – Overview
• Requirements Engineering and the Requirements model
• Introduction and importance of Use Case Diagrams
• Use Case Diagram Rules
• Examples of Use Case diagrams
• Requirements Elicitation Process
1. Identify Actors
2. Identify Scenarios
3. Identify Use Cases
4. Refine Use Cases
5. Identify Relationships between actors and Use Cases
6. Identify Initial Analysis Objects
7. Identify Non-functional requirements
28. Use Case Diagrams
Use Case Diagram Rules
– Use a “stick man” figure for an actor, and show
the actor’s name below the stick man
– The UML standard allows for the option of
using a class rectangle with the stereotype
«actor»
Command End
Item Hardware
User
«actor»
Sensor
<<Stereotype>>
29. Use Case Diagram Rules
• The only valid relationship between an actor
and another actor is generalization
User Super User
Run Applications Install Applications
A User can Run Applications.
A Super User can Install
Applications and Run
Applications, since a Super
User is a specialization of
User.
30. Use Case Diagram Rules
• Use only the following relationships between
use cases
– Use the include relationship to show that the
behavior of one use case is wholly and
unconditionally used in another use case
– Use the generalization relationship to show that a
use case is a specialization of another use case
31. Use Case Diagram Rules
• the include relationship
Perform Transaction
Send Command Receive Response
Application «include» «include»
The Perform Transaction
use case includes the
processing specified by
both the Send Command
and Receive Response
use cases.
32. Use Case Diagram Rules
• the generalization relationship
Validate Identity Identif y by f ingerprint scan
Identif y by retinal scan
Identif y by badge scan
Customer
33. Use Case Diagram Rules
• Use the extend relationship to show that one
use case conditionally augment (or extend)
the behavior of another use case.
35. Use Case Diagram Rules
• Extension points for a base use case are identified
within the specification of that base use case
• These are the locations where another use case may
extend the base use case. These extension points are
optionally shown in a diagram by listing them in a
compartment of the base use case bubble under the
heading “extension points
• The extending relationship identifies, within
parenthesis, the extension point(s) in the use case
being extended
36. Log In
extension pt::
Set Priv ileges
User
Grant Administrator Priv ledges
<<extends>>
(Set Priv ileges)
[Administrator Login ev ent]]
Identify, within brackets, the condition under
which the extension is executed
38. Use Case Diagram Rules
• There must be one extension point listed for
each segment identified in the extension use
case
• Although considered optional, it is
recommended that the extending relationship
also identify, within brackets, the condition
under which the extension is executed
39. Examples of Use Case Diagrams
Example 1: Medical Clinic Software,
could be missing use case relations
Each use-case is described further by textual document and by
Scenarios developed using UML sequence diagrams
40. Example 2: E-Commerce Application (Incomplete)
Missing a link between “Place Requisition” and “Supplier”
and missing use case relationships
Customer Supplier
Bank
Browse Catalog
Confirm Shipment
Process Delivery Order
Send Invoice
Place Requisition
Confirm Delivery
41. Example 3: Coffee Maker, “waiting state”
Not a good name for a use-case (bad example)