This document summarizes research on the mechanical properties of steel fiber reinforced self-compacting concrete (SCC). It begins by defining SCC and explaining how the addition of steel fiber can improve the mechanical characteristics of SCC. It then reviews literature on using different types and volumes of steel fiber in SCC. The findings show that steel fiber generally improves the tensile strength and toughness of hardened SCC but can negatively impact workability. Higher fiber contents and certain fiber geometries make fresh SCC more viscous and less flowable. Overall, steel fiber reinforced SCC shows potential but requires careful mix design to balance mechanical performance and flowability.
IRJET- Study in Stress Behaviour of Fibre (Steel & Glass) Reinforced Conc...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on the use of steel and glass fibers in reinforced concrete. It discusses how adding fibers can increase tensile, flexural, and shear strength while reducing cracks. The document reviews literature showing that higher fiber volumes (up to 2%) lead to greater improvements in compressive, tensile, and flexural strength. Additionally, it discusses applications of fiber reinforced concrete in India and abroad for structures like roads, tunnels, and parking garages.
Performance Evaluation of Basalt Fiber ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the performance of basalt fiber concrete. The study included testing concrete cubes, cylinders, and beams with different percentages of basalt fiber addition (0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, and 0.75%). The test results showed that compressive, tensile, and flexural strengths generally increased with 0.25% and 0.5% basalt fiber content compared to normal concrete. The maximum strengths were obtained with 0.25% fiber addition, showing around a 20-30% increase. The study concluded that basalt fiber is a beneficial addition to concrete, improving strengths due to its good properties like non-corrosiveness and heat resistance.
IRJET- Experimental Study On Polypropylene Fiber ReinforcedconcreteIRJET Journal
This document reports on an experimental study of polypropylene fiber reinforced concrete. Various volume fractions of polypropylene fibers (0%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.5%) were added to concrete mixtures to study their effects on properties such as workability, compressive strength, tensile strength, and flexural strength. The addition of fibers decreased workability but increased tensile and flexural strength, with 0.5% fiber volume achieving the highest strengths. Silica fume was also used as a cement replacement at 8% by weight, and its presence further improved mechanical properties. Test results showed that polypropylene fibers can improve the durability and mechanical performance of concrete.
IRJET- Experimental Investigation on Fibre Reinforcement Concrete by using Ma...IRJET Journal
The document presents an experimental study on fiber reinforced concrete. Various percentages of polypropylene fiber (0%, 1.25%, 1.5%, 1.75%, 2%) were added to M30 and M40 concrete mixes to study their effects on compressive, tensile, and flexural strength. Specimens were tested at 7, 14, and 28 days. Results showed that strength increased up to 1.75% fiber content. The fibers improved ductility and toughness in the post-crack region. A mix design was performed according to IS standards and concrete properties were tested through compression, splitting tensile, and flexural tests.
IRJET- Performance of Fiber Reinforced Self Compacting Concrete Made with...IRJET Journal
This document presents research on fiber reinforced self-compacting concrete (FRSCC) made with manufactured sand. The study investigated the workability and mechanical strength properties of FRSCC mixtures with varying fiber types (steel and polypropylene) and dosages (0.5-2% by volume). Testing of fresh and hardened concrete properties showed that FRSCC mixtures with 1% steel fiber or 1.5% polypropylene fiber content met fresh concrete workability standards and achieved higher compressive and flexural strengths than plain self-compacting concrete. The results indicate that manufactured sand can be partially substituted for natural river sand in producing fiber reinforced self-compacting concrete with improved mechanical properties.
Compressive and Split Tensile Strength of Chopped Basalt Fiber ConcreteIRJET Journal
The document investigates the compressive and split tensile strength of chopped basalt fiber reinforced concrete. Cubes and cylinders were cast with 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% basalt fibers by weight of cement. Testing found that compressive strength was highest with 0.5% fibers, increasing 13.27% over plain concrete. Split tensile strength was highest with 1.5% fibers, increasing 20.2% over plain concrete. The optimum fiber content varies based on the type of strength tested. In conclusion, basalt fibers improve the mechanical properties of concrete at a lower cost than other fibers.
IRJET-Experimental Study on Strength of Fiber Reinforced Concrete for Rigid P...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental study on using fiber-reinforced concrete for rigid pavements. The study tested different fiber mixtures to improve the tensile strength and properties of concrete used in rigid pavements. Specifically, the study tested mixtures of steel fibers and polypropylene fibers individually and in hybrid combinations at varying fiber percentages. The results showed that adding fibers increased the compressive, split tensile, and flexural strengths of the concrete. A hybrid mixture of 0.3% steel fibers and polypropylene fibers produced the optimum results with a 20% reduction in required pavement thickness while maintaining load capacity.
Fiber Re-inforced composites introductionHareesh K
This document provides an introduction to fiber-reinforced composites. It discusses the history of composites beginning in the 1940s when they were used to create lightweight materials for military vehicles. It defines composites as materials made from two or more constituent materials that produce properties different from the individual components. The document outlines the characteristics of fiber-reinforced composites and provides examples of their applications in aircraft, space vehicles, automobiles, sporting goods, marine vessels, and infrastructure. It also discusses the material selection process for composites.
IRJET- Study in Stress Behaviour of Fibre (Steel & Glass) Reinforced Conc...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on the use of steel and glass fibers in reinforced concrete. It discusses how adding fibers can increase tensile, flexural, and shear strength while reducing cracks. The document reviews literature showing that higher fiber volumes (up to 2%) lead to greater improvements in compressive, tensile, and flexural strength. Additionally, it discusses applications of fiber reinforced concrete in India and abroad for structures like roads, tunnels, and parking garages.
Performance Evaluation of Basalt Fiber ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the performance of basalt fiber concrete. The study included testing concrete cubes, cylinders, and beams with different percentages of basalt fiber addition (0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, and 0.75%). The test results showed that compressive, tensile, and flexural strengths generally increased with 0.25% and 0.5% basalt fiber content compared to normal concrete. The maximum strengths were obtained with 0.25% fiber addition, showing around a 20-30% increase. The study concluded that basalt fiber is a beneficial addition to concrete, improving strengths due to its good properties like non-corrosiveness and heat resistance.
IRJET- Experimental Study On Polypropylene Fiber ReinforcedconcreteIRJET Journal
This document reports on an experimental study of polypropylene fiber reinforced concrete. Various volume fractions of polypropylene fibers (0%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.5%) were added to concrete mixtures to study their effects on properties such as workability, compressive strength, tensile strength, and flexural strength. The addition of fibers decreased workability but increased tensile and flexural strength, with 0.5% fiber volume achieving the highest strengths. Silica fume was also used as a cement replacement at 8% by weight, and its presence further improved mechanical properties. Test results showed that polypropylene fibers can improve the durability and mechanical performance of concrete.
IRJET- Experimental Investigation on Fibre Reinforcement Concrete by using Ma...IRJET Journal
The document presents an experimental study on fiber reinforced concrete. Various percentages of polypropylene fiber (0%, 1.25%, 1.5%, 1.75%, 2%) were added to M30 and M40 concrete mixes to study their effects on compressive, tensile, and flexural strength. Specimens were tested at 7, 14, and 28 days. Results showed that strength increased up to 1.75% fiber content. The fibers improved ductility and toughness in the post-crack region. A mix design was performed according to IS standards and concrete properties were tested through compression, splitting tensile, and flexural tests.
IRJET- Performance of Fiber Reinforced Self Compacting Concrete Made with...IRJET Journal
This document presents research on fiber reinforced self-compacting concrete (FRSCC) made with manufactured sand. The study investigated the workability and mechanical strength properties of FRSCC mixtures with varying fiber types (steel and polypropylene) and dosages (0.5-2% by volume). Testing of fresh and hardened concrete properties showed that FRSCC mixtures with 1% steel fiber or 1.5% polypropylene fiber content met fresh concrete workability standards and achieved higher compressive and flexural strengths than plain self-compacting concrete. The results indicate that manufactured sand can be partially substituted for natural river sand in producing fiber reinforced self-compacting concrete with improved mechanical properties.
Compressive and Split Tensile Strength of Chopped Basalt Fiber ConcreteIRJET Journal
The document investigates the compressive and split tensile strength of chopped basalt fiber reinforced concrete. Cubes and cylinders were cast with 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% basalt fibers by weight of cement. Testing found that compressive strength was highest with 0.5% fibers, increasing 13.27% over plain concrete. Split tensile strength was highest with 1.5% fibers, increasing 20.2% over plain concrete. The optimum fiber content varies based on the type of strength tested. In conclusion, basalt fibers improve the mechanical properties of concrete at a lower cost than other fibers.
IRJET-Experimental Study on Strength of Fiber Reinforced Concrete for Rigid P...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental study on using fiber-reinforced concrete for rigid pavements. The study tested different fiber mixtures to improve the tensile strength and properties of concrete used in rigid pavements. Specifically, the study tested mixtures of steel fibers and polypropylene fibers individually and in hybrid combinations at varying fiber percentages. The results showed that adding fibers increased the compressive, split tensile, and flexural strengths of the concrete. A hybrid mixture of 0.3% steel fibers and polypropylene fibers produced the optimum results with a 20% reduction in required pavement thickness while maintaining load capacity.
Fiber Re-inforced composites introductionHareesh K
This document provides an introduction to fiber-reinforced composites. It discusses the history of composites beginning in the 1940s when they were used to create lightweight materials for military vehicles. It defines composites as materials made from two or more constituent materials that produce properties different from the individual components. The document outlines the characteristics of fiber-reinforced composites and provides examples of their applications in aircraft, space vehicles, automobiles, sporting goods, marine vessels, and infrastructure. It also discusses the material selection process for composites.
IRJET- Experimental Investigation of Natural Fiber Reinforced ConcreteIRJET Journal
1. The document experimentally investigates the effects of adding coconut and jute fibers on the mechanical properties of fiber reinforced concrete, including compressive, split, and flexural strength using 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% fiber content.
2. Testing found that 0.5% jute fiber content provided the highest compressive strength increase of 11.27% over normal concrete, while 0.5% coconut fiber provided the highest flexural and split tensile strength increases of 60.36% and 22.62%, respectively.
3. In general, the study showed that small additions of around 0.5% coconut or jute fiber can increase the overall strength properties of concrete.
Experimental Performance, Mathematical Modelling and Development of Stress Bl...IRJET Journal
This document discusses experimental testing and mathematical modeling of ferrocement beams with rectangular trough shaped steel reinforcement. The objectives are to study the effect of this reinforcement shape on moment capacity, shear capacity, and deflection compared to conventional reinforced concrete beams. Ferrocement beams and conventional RC beams will be cast and tested under two-point loading. Their behavior will also be modeled using ANSYS. Test results will be used to develop stress block parameters for the ferrocement beams with the novel reinforcement shape. The document provides background on ferrocement and details the materials, beam casting, and flexural strength testing methodology.
IRJET- Hybrid Building – A Combination of Conventional RCC and Ferrocement Te...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on a hybrid building technique that combines conventional reinforced concrete and ferrocement technology. Ferrocement is a type of reinforced concrete made of wire mesh, sand, water and cement that has high strength and versatility. It can be constructed with minimal skilled labor. The document reviews previous studies on the mechanical properties and seismic resistance of ferrocement. It also discusses using ferrocement panels and a lightweight truss system to create an affordable, earthquake resistant house. Research is cited on using blast furnace slag to partially replace sand in lightweight ferrocement beams to study their behavior under monotonic and repeated loading.
Steel fibre reinforced concrete samson adesope & yared aseffaSamsonFemiAdesope
Fibre has been in existence as far back as era ancient time, in the past the horsehair and straw were using in mudbrick. In early 1900s the use of asbestos fibre in concrete material was introduced but it has limitation due to its hazard on human health. In 1950s concept of composite material was adopted in concrete work in which fibre is one of the them but it has not been widely used nowadays as a reinforced material in concrete. In early 1960s in the United States, investigation was firstly made to assess the potential of steel fibres as a reinforcement for concrete. Ever since then, a series of researches have been performed on fibres which steel and glass are major considerations
IRJET- Strengthening of Steel Fiber Reinforced Beams using GFRPIRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental study that investigated strengthening steel fiber reinforced concrete beams with glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) sheets. Five beams were cast - one control beam and four beams wrapped with GFRP at different orientations. All beams were tested under two-point loading. The results showed that wrapping GFRP at the sides and bottom of the beam increased its initial cracking load and ultimate load capacity compared to the control beam. Wrapping GFRP at the sides only provided a 10% increase in load capacity over the control beam. In general, GFRP wrapping improved the load carrying capacity of the steel fiber reinforced concrete beams.
IRJET- Strengthening of RC and FRC Beams with Precast Sifcon Laminates- An Ex...IRJET Journal
This document describes an experimental study that aimed to strengthen reinforced concrete (RC) beams and fibre reinforced concrete (FRC) beams using precast slurry infiltrated fibre concrete (SIFCON) laminates. SIFCON laminates were directly bonded to the bottom face and side faces of beams using epoxy adhesive. RC and FRC beams without strengthening were used as control specimens. The strengthened beams showed significant increases in first crack load and formation of finer cracks compared to control beams. Results indicate that strengthening RC and FRC beams with SIFCON laminates can effectively enhance load carrying capacity.
This document summarizes an experimental study on the mechanical properties of human hair fibre reinforced concrete with an M-40 grade. Various concrete mixtures with 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, and 3% human hair fibre by weight of cement were tested. Test specimens including cubes, beams, and cylinders were tested at 7, 14, and 28 days to determine changes in compressive, flexural, and split tensile strengths compared to plain concrete. The results showed that concrete with 1.5% human hair fibre had significantly increased mechanical properties. Human hair fibre was found to improve binding properties, microcrack control, ductility, and spalling resistance of concrete. The study encourages further research on the long-term performance
This document provides a review of using steel fiber as a reinforcement material in concrete. It discusses how steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) has improved properties over plain concrete such as higher tensile strength, flexural strength, impact resistance, and ductility. The document reviews several studies that have shown increases in compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of concrete when adding steel fibers at volumes of 0.5-1.5%. A relationship was derived to predict the split tensile strength of SFRC based on its compressive strength and fiber reinforcement index. SFRC has applications in floors, housing, precast construction, and other areas due to its strength and toughness.
Composites are engineered materials made from two or more constituents with different physical or chemical
properties, which remain separate and distinct within the finished structure. A fiber is a material, which is made into
a long filament with diameter generally in the order of 10 microns. The aspect ratio of length to diameter can be
ranging from thousands to infinity in continuous fibers. Increasing worldwide environmental awareness is
encouraging scientific research into the development of cheaper, more environmentally friendly and more
sustainable construction and packing materials. For environment concern on synthetic fiber (such as glass, carbon,
ceramic gibers etc) natural fibers (such as flax, hemp, jute, kenai) etc are widely used. Industrial hemp fiber is one
of the strongest of the natural fibers available and possesses benefits such as low cost and low production energy
requirements. The primary objective of this research is to fabricate the natural fiber composites with suitable
processing/manufacturing methods and to examine the mechanical properties when subjected to Tension, Bending
and to compare & contrast the results with the available literature. In this research work, hemp fiber reinforced
Epoxy matrix composites have been developed by hand layup method with varying process parameters, such as
coupling agent(with and without compatibilizers) and different fiber percentages (10%,20% and 30% by weight).
The developed composites were then characterized by tensile test and flexural testing. Results show that the tensile
strength and flexural properties increases with the increase in fiber percentage. However after a certain percentage
the tensile strength decreases again. Compared to untreated hemp fiber, no significant changes in the tensile strength
have been observed for treated hemp fiber reinforcement. The flexural strength / modulus of the composite were
higher compared to pure epoxy for all filler/fiber loadings.
BEHAVIOR OF HIGH STRENGTH FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE UNDER SHEAR IAEME Publication
This paper assesses the effectiveness of steel fibers used along with the shear reinforcement in the formation of the high grade fiber reinforced concrete. Shear strength of concrete is obtained from direct shear test using push off specimens. Shear stress (strength) is calculated as a ratio of load
to the area of shear plane. Tests were carried out on the “Push-Off” (double L) type specimens in triplicates to determine the Shear strength. The effects of these fibers with different volume of fibers on work ability, density, and on shear strengths of M60 grade concrete are studied. New expressions
for shear strengths are proposed. The specimen was designed to fail in shear at a known plane.
Experimental Investigation on Nylon Fiber Reinforced ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document experimentally investigates the use of nylon fiber in reinforced concrete. Concrete cubes, cylinders, and beams were cast with 0%, 2%, 4%, and 6% replacements of fine aggregate with nylon fiber. The mechanical properties of compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and flexural strength were then tested at various ages. The results showed that specimens with 2% and 4% nylon fiber replacements exhibited small increases in mechanical properties compared to conventional concrete without fiber. Specifically, the 2% replacement provided increases of around 1-1.3% in compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and flexural strength.
The document discusses the role and selection of matrix materials in composite materials. The matrix material holds the fibers together, protects them from the environment, and transfers loads between fibers. Key factors in selecting a matrix are that it must be mechanically compatible with strong fibers, cost-effective, and able to withstand the intended service conditions. Common matrix materials like aluminum and magnesium alloys are widely used due to their low density and high thermal conductivity. The primary roles of the matrix are to efficiently transfer loads to fibers and absorb cracks to improve toughness.
This document discusses textile fibre reinforced concrete. It analyzes the bonding mechanism between textile fibres and concrete, and how factors like initial bond length, surface treatment, concrete strength and workability, and prestressing force influence bond behavior. Textile fibres can increase concrete's strength, flexibility, and corrosion resistance compared to steel reinforcement. The document also presents a methodology for preparing a fibre mat and casting concrete specimens for testing compressive, tensile, and flexural strength.
LONG TERM EFFECTS- APPLICATIONS OF COMPOSITESArjun K Gopi
The document discusses the long-term durability of composite materials. It notes that composite materials are increasingly being used in demanding applications that subject them to environmental factors over long periods of time. The document examines how physical and chemical aging processes like swelling, plasticization, hydrolysis, and oxidation can degrade the resin and fiber-resin interface, leading to losses in properties like creep and fatigue resistance over time. It also discusses how surface preparation affects the long-term durability of adhesively bonded composite joints.
Abstract In the last decades the composites have been widely used in the construction, automobile and aerospace industries. Among them,
Natural fiber composites are emerging as low cost, lightweight and superior alternatives to synthetic fiber composites. This study
related to the development of bio-degradable composites using Epoxy resin and Sisal/Jute fibers. The fibers are chemically
treated at different percentages of NaOH i.e.,3%, 6% and 9%. Tensile and flexural strength of the composites were determined
using UTM. The natural frequencies of the cantilever composite beam were determined analytically using Euler’s theory and
numerically using Ansys 15.0. From the results, the results agree close to each other.
Keywords: Sisal Fiber, Jute Fiber, Alkali Treatment, Modal Analysis.
IRJET- Analysis of Alsi10Mg-Quartz Composite Material for a Connecting RodIRJET Journal
This document discusses the analysis of an AlSi10Mg-Quartz composite material for use in connecting rods. Connecting rods are currently made of steel or aluminum alloys but this research aims to develop a composite material to reduce weight. The composite is made with AlSi10Mg as the matrix and quartz as reinforcement, produced using stir casting. Quartz is added in sizes of 10, 20 and 30 microns at compositions of 5, 10 and 15% by weight. The mechanical properties of the composite material are analyzed based on the quartz content. The increased quartz provides improved mechanical properties and microstructure over traditional connecting rod materials like steel and aluminum.
Composites are made by combination of two or more natural or artificial materials to maximize their useful properties and minimize their weaknesses.
Example: The oldest and best-known composites,
Natural: Wood combination of cellulose fibre provides strength and lignin is the "glue" that bonds and stabilizes. Bamboo is a very efficient wood composite structure.
o is a very efficient wood composite structure
Artificial: The glass-fibre reinforced plastic (GRP), combines glass fiber (which are strong but brittle) with plastic (which is flexible) to make a composite material that is tough but not brittle.
70 to 90% of load carried by fibers
Provide structural properties to the composite
Stiffness
Strength
Thermal stability
Provide electrical conductivity or insulation
Example: Glass, Carbon, Organic Boron, Ceramic, Metallic
Function of Fiber/Dispersion phase
IRJET- Mechanical Properties of Fibre Reinforced ConcreteIRJET Journal
The document studies the effect of adding polypropylene fibers at different percentages (0-0.4%) on the mechanical properties of high strength concrete, finding that compressive, tensile, and flexural strength generally increase up to 0.2-0.3% fiber content. Specimens were tested after curing in water or alternate wet/dry conditions, with water curing yielding higher strengths. The study aims to determine the optimum fiber content and difference in strengths between curing methods.
Fabrication of Composite Material using Jute fiber/Glass fiberIRJET Journal
This document discusses the fabrication of a composite material using jute fiber and glass fiber. It first provides background on fiber reinforced polymer composites and describes jute fiber and glass fiber, including their production, properties, and various forms. It then discusses the fabrication process for the jute fiber-glass fiber composite, including mixing the fibers with epoxy resin, curing the composite using a bagging system under vacuum pressure, and testing the mechanical properties of the finished composite. The goal is to explore using agricultural waste jute fiber and man-made glass fiber to create an inexpensive composite material.
IRJET- Mechanical and Bond Properties of Steel Fibre Reinforced SBR Modified ...IRJET Journal
1) The study evaluated the mechanical and bond properties of steel fiber reinforced self-compacting concrete modified with Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR) latex.
2) Specimens containing 0-15% SBR and 0.5% steel fibers by volume were tested for compressive, tensile, and flexural strength as well as bond strength.
3) The results showed that compressive strength decreased with later curing ages, but flexural, tensile, and bond strength increased significantly with the addition of SBR and steel fibers.
IRJET- An Investigation on the Durability Properties of Textile Fibre Reinfor...IRJET Journal
This document investigates the durability properties of textile fibre reinforced concrete under sulphate attack. Different types of textile fibres - polypropylene, polyester, and nylon - are added to concrete at 0.5% by volume. Specimens are cured for 28 days and then immersed in magnesium sulphate solution for 90 days. The document provides background on fibre reinforced concrete and its advantages over plain concrete. It describes the materials and methodology used, including details on the cement, aggregates, water, and properties of the different textile fibres added to the concrete mix. The main objective is to study the behaviour of textile fibre reinforced concrete under sulphate attack.
IRJET- An Experimental Study on Coconut Fiber Reinforced ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on coconut fiber reinforced concrete. The study aimed to analyze how the strength of coconut fiber concrete varies with different fiber contents and to compare it to conventional concrete. The strengths tested included flexural, compressive, and durability at fiber contents from 1% to 5% of cement weight. Results showed the compressive strength of M20 grade concrete increased at 7 and 28 days with higher fiber contents. Including coconut fibers in concrete enhances its mechanical properties by increasing toughness, flexural strength, energy absorption, and reducing cracking. Factors like fiber content, orientation, aspect ratio, and workability affect the properties of fiber reinforced concrete.
IRJET- Experimental Investigation of Natural Fiber Reinforced ConcreteIRJET Journal
1. The document experimentally investigates the effects of adding coconut and jute fibers on the mechanical properties of fiber reinforced concrete, including compressive, split, and flexural strength using 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% fiber content.
2. Testing found that 0.5% jute fiber content provided the highest compressive strength increase of 11.27% over normal concrete, while 0.5% coconut fiber provided the highest flexural and split tensile strength increases of 60.36% and 22.62%, respectively.
3. In general, the study showed that small additions of around 0.5% coconut or jute fiber can increase the overall strength properties of concrete.
Experimental Performance, Mathematical Modelling and Development of Stress Bl...IRJET Journal
This document discusses experimental testing and mathematical modeling of ferrocement beams with rectangular trough shaped steel reinforcement. The objectives are to study the effect of this reinforcement shape on moment capacity, shear capacity, and deflection compared to conventional reinforced concrete beams. Ferrocement beams and conventional RC beams will be cast and tested under two-point loading. Their behavior will also be modeled using ANSYS. Test results will be used to develop stress block parameters for the ferrocement beams with the novel reinforcement shape. The document provides background on ferrocement and details the materials, beam casting, and flexural strength testing methodology.
IRJET- Hybrid Building – A Combination of Conventional RCC and Ferrocement Te...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on a hybrid building technique that combines conventional reinforced concrete and ferrocement technology. Ferrocement is a type of reinforced concrete made of wire mesh, sand, water and cement that has high strength and versatility. It can be constructed with minimal skilled labor. The document reviews previous studies on the mechanical properties and seismic resistance of ferrocement. It also discusses using ferrocement panels and a lightweight truss system to create an affordable, earthquake resistant house. Research is cited on using blast furnace slag to partially replace sand in lightweight ferrocement beams to study their behavior under monotonic and repeated loading.
Steel fibre reinforced concrete samson adesope & yared aseffaSamsonFemiAdesope
Fibre has been in existence as far back as era ancient time, in the past the horsehair and straw were using in mudbrick. In early 1900s the use of asbestos fibre in concrete material was introduced but it has limitation due to its hazard on human health. In 1950s concept of composite material was adopted in concrete work in which fibre is one of the them but it has not been widely used nowadays as a reinforced material in concrete. In early 1960s in the United States, investigation was firstly made to assess the potential of steel fibres as a reinforcement for concrete. Ever since then, a series of researches have been performed on fibres which steel and glass are major considerations
IRJET- Strengthening of Steel Fiber Reinforced Beams using GFRPIRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental study that investigated strengthening steel fiber reinforced concrete beams with glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) sheets. Five beams were cast - one control beam and four beams wrapped with GFRP at different orientations. All beams were tested under two-point loading. The results showed that wrapping GFRP at the sides and bottom of the beam increased its initial cracking load and ultimate load capacity compared to the control beam. Wrapping GFRP at the sides only provided a 10% increase in load capacity over the control beam. In general, GFRP wrapping improved the load carrying capacity of the steel fiber reinforced concrete beams.
IRJET- Strengthening of RC and FRC Beams with Precast Sifcon Laminates- An Ex...IRJET Journal
This document describes an experimental study that aimed to strengthen reinforced concrete (RC) beams and fibre reinforced concrete (FRC) beams using precast slurry infiltrated fibre concrete (SIFCON) laminates. SIFCON laminates were directly bonded to the bottom face and side faces of beams using epoxy adhesive. RC and FRC beams without strengthening were used as control specimens. The strengthened beams showed significant increases in first crack load and formation of finer cracks compared to control beams. Results indicate that strengthening RC and FRC beams with SIFCON laminates can effectively enhance load carrying capacity.
This document summarizes an experimental study on the mechanical properties of human hair fibre reinforced concrete with an M-40 grade. Various concrete mixtures with 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, and 3% human hair fibre by weight of cement were tested. Test specimens including cubes, beams, and cylinders were tested at 7, 14, and 28 days to determine changes in compressive, flexural, and split tensile strengths compared to plain concrete. The results showed that concrete with 1.5% human hair fibre had significantly increased mechanical properties. Human hair fibre was found to improve binding properties, microcrack control, ductility, and spalling resistance of concrete. The study encourages further research on the long-term performance
This document provides a review of using steel fiber as a reinforcement material in concrete. It discusses how steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) has improved properties over plain concrete such as higher tensile strength, flexural strength, impact resistance, and ductility. The document reviews several studies that have shown increases in compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of concrete when adding steel fibers at volumes of 0.5-1.5%. A relationship was derived to predict the split tensile strength of SFRC based on its compressive strength and fiber reinforcement index. SFRC has applications in floors, housing, precast construction, and other areas due to its strength and toughness.
Composites are engineered materials made from two or more constituents with different physical or chemical
properties, which remain separate and distinct within the finished structure. A fiber is a material, which is made into
a long filament with diameter generally in the order of 10 microns. The aspect ratio of length to diameter can be
ranging from thousands to infinity in continuous fibers. Increasing worldwide environmental awareness is
encouraging scientific research into the development of cheaper, more environmentally friendly and more
sustainable construction and packing materials. For environment concern on synthetic fiber (such as glass, carbon,
ceramic gibers etc) natural fibers (such as flax, hemp, jute, kenai) etc are widely used. Industrial hemp fiber is one
of the strongest of the natural fibers available and possesses benefits such as low cost and low production energy
requirements. The primary objective of this research is to fabricate the natural fiber composites with suitable
processing/manufacturing methods and to examine the mechanical properties when subjected to Tension, Bending
and to compare & contrast the results with the available literature. In this research work, hemp fiber reinforced
Epoxy matrix composites have been developed by hand layup method with varying process parameters, such as
coupling agent(with and without compatibilizers) and different fiber percentages (10%,20% and 30% by weight).
The developed composites were then characterized by tensile test and flexural testing. Results show that the tensile
strength and flexural properties increases with the increase in fiber percentage. However after a certain percentage
the tensile strength decreases again. Compared to untreated hemp fiber, no significant changes in the tensile strength
have been observed for treated hemp fiber reinforcement. The flexural strength / modulus of the composite were
higher compared to pure epoxy for all filler/fiber loadings.
BEHAVIOR OF HIGH STRENGTH FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE UNDER SHEAR IAEME Publication
This paper assesses the effectiveness of steel fibers used along with the shear reinforcement in the formation of the high grade fiber reinforced concrete. Shear strength of concrete is obtained from direct shear test using push off specimens. Shear stress (strength) is calculated as a ratio of load
to the area of shear plane. Tests were carried out on the “Push-Off” (double L) type specimens in triplicates to determine the Shear strength. The effects of these fibers with different volume of fibers on work ability, density, and on shear strengths of M60 grade concrete are studied. New expressions
for shear strengths are proposed. The specimen was designed to fail in shear at a known plane.
Experimental Investigation on Nylon Fiber Reinforced ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document experimentally investigates the use of nylon fiber in reinforced concrete. Concrete cubes, cylinders, and beams were cast with 0%, 2%, 4%, and 6% replacements of fine aggregate with nylon fiber. The mechanical properties of compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and flexural strength were then tested at various ages. The results showed that specimens with 2% and 4% nylon fiber replacements exhibited small increases in mechanical properties compared to conventional concrete without fiber. Specifically, the 2% replacement provided increases of around 1-1.3% in compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and flexural strength.
The document discusses the role and selection of matrix materials in composite materials. The matrix material holds the fibers together, protects them from the environment, and transfers loads between fibers. Key factors in selecting a matrix are that it must be mechanically compatible with strong fibers, cost-effective, and able to withstand the intended service conditions. Common matrix materials like aluminum and magnesium alloys are widely used due to their low density and high thermal conductivity. The primary roles of the matrix are to efficiently transfer loads to fibers and absorb cracks to improve toughness.
This document discusses textile fibre reinforced concrete. It analyzes the bonding mechanism between textile fibres and concrete, and how factors like initial bond length, surface treatment, concrete strength and workability, and prestressing force influence bond behavior. Textile fibres can increase concrete's strength, flexibility, and corrosion resistance compared to steel reinforcement. The document also presents a methodology for preparing a fibre mat and casting concrete specimens for testing compressive, tensile, and flexural strength.
LONG TERM EFFECTS- APPLICATIONS OF COMPOSITESArjun K Gopi
The document discusses the long-term durability of composite materials. It notes that composite materials are increasingly being used in demanding applications that subject them to environmental factors over long periods of time. The document examines how physical and chemical aging processes like swelling, plasticization, hydrolysis, and oxidation can degrade the resin and fiber-resin interface, leading to losses in properties like creep and fatigue resistance over time. It also discusses how surface preparation affects the long-term durability of adhesively bonded composite joints.
Abstract In the last decades the composites have been widely used in the construction, automobile and aerospace industries. Among them,
Natural fiber composites are emerging as low cost, lightweight and superior alternatives to synthetic fiber composites. This study
related to the development of bio-degradable composites using Epoxy resin and Sisal/Jute fibers. The fibers are chemically
treated at different percentages of NaOH i.e.,3%, 6% and 9%. Tensile and flexural strength of the composites were determined
using UTM. The natural frequencies of the cantilever composite beam were determined analytically using Euler’s theory and
numerically using Ansys 15.0. From the results, the results agree close to each other.
Keywords: Sisal Fiber, Jute Fiber, Alkali Treatment, Modal Analysis.
IRJET- Analysis of Alsi10Mg-Quartz Composite Material for a Connecting RodIRJET Journal
This document discusses the analysis of an AlSi10Mg-Quartz composite material for use in connecting rods. Connecting rods are currently made of steel or aluminum alloys but this research aims to develop a composite material to reduce weight. The composite is made with AlSi10Mg as the matrix and quartz as reinforcement, produced using stir casting. Quartz is added in sizes of 10, 20 and 30 microns at compositions of 5, 10 and 15% by weight. The mechanical properties of the composite material are analyzed based on the quartz content. The increased quartz provides improved mechanical properties and microstructure over traditional connecting rod materials like steel and aluminum.
Composites are made by combination of two or more natural or artificial materials to maximize their useful properties and minimize their weaknesses.
Example: The oldest and best-known composites,
Natural: Wood combination of cellulose fibre provides strength and lignin is the "glue" that bonds and stabilizes. Bamboo is a very efficient wood composite structure.
o is a very efficient wood composite structure
Artificial: The glass-fibre reinforced plastic (GRP), combines glass fiber (which are strong but brittle) with plastic (which is flexible) to make a composite material that is tough but not brittle.
70 to 90% of load carried by fibers
Provide structural properties to the composite
Stiffness
Strength
Thermal stability
Provide electrical conductivity or insulation
Example: Glass, Carbon, Organic Boron, Ceramic, Metallic
Function of Fiber/Dispersion phase
IRJET- Mechanical Properties of Fibre Reinforced ConcreteIRJET Journal
The document studies the effect of adding polypropylene fibers at different percentages (0-0.4%) on the mechanical properties of high strength concrete, finding that compressive, tensile, and flexural strength generally increase up to 0.2-0.3% fiber content. Specimens were tested after curing in water or alternate wet/dry conditions, with water curing yielding higher strengths. The study aims to determine the optimum fiber content and difference in strengths between curing methods.
Fabrication of Composite Material using Jute fiber/Glass fiberIRJET Journal
This document discusses the fabrication of a composite material using jute fiber and glass fiber. It first provides background on fiber reinforced polymer composites and describes jute fiber and glass fiber, including their production, properties, and various forms. It then discusses the fabrication process for the jute fiber-glass fiber composite, including mixing the fibers with epoxy resin, curing the composite using a bagging system under vacuum pressure, and testing the mechanical properties of the finished composite. The goal is to explore using agricultural waste jute fiber and man-made glass fiber to create an inexpensive composite material.
IRJET- Mechanical and Bond Properties of Steel Fibre Reinforced SBR Modified ...IRJET Journal
1) The study evaluated the mechanical and bond properties of steel fiber reinforced self-compacting concrete modified with Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR) latex.
2) Specimens containing 0-15% SBR and 0.5% steel fibers by volume were tested for compressive, tensile, and flexural strength as well as bond strength.
3) The results showed that compressive strength decreased with later curing ages, but flexural, tensile, and bond strength increased significantly with the addition of SBR and steel fibers.
IRJET- An Investigation on the Durability Properties of Textile Fibre Reinfor...IRJET Journal
This document investigates the durability properties of textile fibre reinforced concrete under sulphate attack. Different types of textile fibres - polypropylene, polyester, and nylon - are added to concrete at 0.5% by volume. Specimens are cured for 28 days and then immersed in magnesium sulphate solution for 90 days. The document provides background on fibre reinforced concrete and its advantages over plain concrete. It describes the materials and methodology used, including details on the cement, aggregates, water, and properties of the different textile fibres added to the concrete mix. The main objective is to study the behaviour of textile fibre reinforced concrete under sulphate attack.
IRJET- An Experimental Study on Coconut Fiber Reinforced ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on coconut fiber reinforced concrete. The study aimed to analyze how the strength of coconut fiber concrete varies with different fiber contents and to compare it to conventional concrete. The strengths tested included flexural, compressive, and durability at fiber contents from 1% to 5% of cement weight. Results showed the compressive strength of M20 grade concrete increased at 7 and 28 days with higher fiber contents. Including coconut fibers in concrete enhances its mechanical properties by increasing toughness, flexural strength, energy absorption, and reducing cracking. Factors like fiber content, orientation, aspect ratio, and workability affect the properties of fiber reinforced concrete.
STUDY OF FLEXURAL BEHAVIOR OF HYBRID FIBRE REINFORCED CONCERETEIRJET Journal
The document studies the flexural behavior of hybrid fiber reinforced concrete. Cubes, cylinders and beams were cast to test the compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength respectively of concrete with 0.9% polypropylene fibers added. The results showed an increase of 24.35% in compressive strength, 11.74% in split tensile strength, and 15.85% in ultimate flexural load of beams with fibers compared to the control concrete without fibers. The addition of hybrid fibers was found to improve the mechanical properties of concrete by reducing crack propagation.
IRJET- Design and Development of Natural Composite MaterialIRJET Journal
The document describes the design and development of a natural composite material made from epoxy resin reinforced with sisal fibers. Composite plates were fabricated according to ASTM standards by varying the fiber percentage and orientation. The plates were then tested for tensile and flexural strength. The objectives were to explore the potential of sisal fiber composites and evaluate how fiber percentage affects mechanical properties. Test results for composites with different fiber percentages and alignments were compared.
Case Study on Glass Fibre Reinforced ConcreteIRJET Journal
This case study examines the use of glass fiber reinforced concrete (GFRC). Tests were conducted on concrete with varying amounts of glass fiber (0-3% by weight) to determine compressive and flexural strength properties. The 7-day and 28-day compressive strength generally increased as the glass fiber content increased from 0-1%, with strengths up to 27.8% higher than normal concrete. Flexural strength also improved with the addition of glass fibers. The glass fibers improved the concrete's strength properties by holding the material together and reducing cracking. In conclusion, GFRC showed 20-25% increases in compressive, flexural, and splitting tensile strengths compared to normal concrete, demonstrating its potential for use in impact
IRJET - Study on Workability and Compressive Strength of Concrete Blended...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the workability and compressive strength of concrete blended with steel fibers. Steel fibers were added to concrete mixes in volumes of 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2%. Testing found that as fiber content increased, workability decreased, requiring the addition of plasticizers. Compressive strength generally increased with higher fiber content up to 2%, with a maximum strength increase of 27.67% observed for 2% fiber volume with plasticizer addition. The study concluded that steel fiber reinforcement improved compressive strength but reduced workability, and plasticizers helped offset the loss of workability.
This document discusses precast carbon fibre reinforced concrete footings. It begins with an abstract describing precast construction, where structural components are produced off-site and transported for assembly. The introduction provides background on prefabrication and defines precast construction. Carbon fibres are then discussed, including their properties of high strength and stiffness. Using carbon fibres in precast concrete can improve strength, stiffness, load capacity, and resistance to chemicals and corrosion. The literature review summarizes previous research on using carbon fibres and other fibres to reinforce concrete. This increases strengths and permeability while improving shrinkage and crack resistance. The problem statement discusses using precast carbon fibre reinforced footings for small industrial buildings to reduce construction time and improve quality over
A REVIEW OF THE EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF FIBER REINFORCEME...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the experimental investigation of the effect of fiber reinforcement on the strength characteristics of M30 grade concrete. It summarizes several studies that have found that the addition of fibers like glass and polyester to concrete leads to improved mechanical properties such as compressive, tensile and flexural strength, up to a certain fiber percentage. Both glass and polyester fibers are effective at enhancing concrete properties, but they may have differing effects and the appropriate fiber must be selected for the specific construction project. Careful consideration of fiber dosage is also important to avoid diminishing returns at higher percentages.
Seismic Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Modified with Fiber Reinforced Concre...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on analyzing the seismic performance of low and high-rise reinforced concrete buildings modified with hybrid fiber reinforced concrete (HFRC). HFRC is a composite of glass and bamboo fibers. Six building models were developed in ETABS software - two regular reinforced concrete (RCC) buildings and two HFRC buildings at G+3 and G+10 heights. The buildings were located in seismic Zone 3 and analyzed using response spectrum analysis. The results showed that compared to RCC, the HFRC buildings had lower story drift and shear, indicating better performance under seismic loads. Therefore, HFRC can be used to improve seismic resistance in high-rise buildings.
This document provides a literature review on rehabilitation methods for beam-column joints using nano-composite ferrocement jacketing with carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP). It discusses various retrofitting techniques studied in previous research, including ferrocement jacketing, FRP bonding, and use of nano-materials in cement composites. The literature review examines how these techniques improve properties like strength, ductility, and durability when used to strengthen beam-column joints. It also summarizes several studies that investigated the effects of ferrocement jacketing, CFRP wraps, and nano-silica additions on reinforced concrete elements. The document concludes that while integrated use of nano-composite cementitious jacketing and CFRP shows potential
Advantages of steel fibre reinforced concrete in industrial floorseSAT Journals
Abstract Ground floor slabs are integral to the efficient operation of an industrial facility. A well designed and constructed floor will increase productivity, reduce maintenance of the building and increase the life of the equipment using the floor. Industrial floor slab has common requirements of high strength, toughness, crack control and durability among others. Most of the industrial floors are constructed using the conventional grade slab where reliance is only on the strength of concrete, and reinforcement is used only for crack control and shrinkage. The use of steel fibres in concrete is advantageous over conventional grade slab wherein the residual load carrying capacity of fibres is used and thus, increases the strength and toughness and gives economy in floor thickness apart from saving in construction time. This paper gives an insight into the advantages of steel fibre reinforced concrete in industrial floors. This work is based on structural design experience of the authors in steel fibre reinforced concrete floor slab for industrial projects and in particular the project recently completed for a food and beverage industry. Keywords: aspect ratio, industrial floors, slabs-on-grade, steel fibres, steel fibre reinforced concrete (SFRC)
Optimization of percentages of steel and glass fiber reinforced concreteeSAT Journals
Abstract Cementitious matrices are the fragile materials that possess a low tensile strength. The addition of fibers randomly distributed in these matrices improves their resistance to cracking, substantially. However, the incorporation of fibers into a plain concrete disrupts the granular skeleton and quickly causes problems of mixing as a result of the loss of mixture workability that will be translated into a difficult concrete casting in site. This study was concerned on the one hand with optimizing the fibers reinforced concrete mixes in the fresh state, and on the other hand with assessing the mechanical behaviour of this mixture in the hardened state, in order to establish a compromise between the two states . In this paper optimization of fibers by using different percentages in steel and glass fiber reinforced concrete of grade M 70 have been studied. It optimizes 1.5% for steel Fiber content and 1% for glass fiber content by the volume of cement is used in concrete. Keywords: fibers, fragile materials, cracking, substantially
Design and Fe Analysis of Composite Grid Structure for Skin Stiffening Applic...IRJET Journal
This document describes a finite element analysis of composite grid structures for use in skin stiffening applications. It provides background on grid structures, noting that they are shell-like structures that support the skin of a structure. When made of composites, grid structures can reduce weight and uniformly distribute loads for aerospace applications. The study aims to analyze an orthogrid and isogrid composite plate using FEA to evaluate deflection, stress, and stiffness-to-weight ratio when the skin thickness is varied. An overview of finite element analysis and the steps involved in an FEA are also provided.
EFFECT OF CARBON LAMINATION ON THE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE STRUCTURESIAEME Publication
This work consists of preparation and testing of different structural model like cubes, Beams and Columns. They are tested for Compression test, Flexural test and Split tensile Test. The comparison between Laminated and un-laminated Structural Models was made in order to know how much strength gain after testing of these structural models, so by which the rehabilitation of any structure can be done without demolishing it with less weight to strength ratio.
Study on Alccofine based High Strength Self-compacting Fibrous Concrete- A re...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on alccofine-based high strength self-compacting fibrous concrete. It begins with an introduction to high strength concrete, fibrous concrete, self-compacting concrete, and the benefits of fibrous reinforced self-compacting concrete. It then summarizes 13 research papers on topics including replacing aggregates with waste materials, using hybrid fibers, determining optimal fiber contents, and using mineral admixtures like fly ash and alccofine. The conclusion discusses how alccofine can increase self-compatibility and early strength of self-compacting concrete mixes and how fibers can improve tensile strength, ductility, and crack resistance.
IRJET- Improving Structure Integrity with Fibre Reinforced ConcreteIRJET Journal
The document discusses fibre reinforced concrete (FRC), which involves adding small fibres to concrete to improve its properties. Steel fibre reinforced concrete is the most common type of FRC. It improves tensile strength, flexural strength, impact resistance, ductility, and crack control compared to normal concrete. Test results showed compressive strength increased up to 25% and flexural strength increased over 100% with the addition of fibres like steel. While fibres improve properties, they are not a replacement for steel reinforcement in structural applications. FRC is useful as a supplementary material to improve performance.
The document discusses ferrocement check dams, which are composite materials made of cement mortar reinforced with wire mesh. Ferrocement provides high strength and durability. The document reviews literature on using ferrocement for construction purposes. It then discusses the materials used in ferrocement, including skeletal steel (bars or welded wire meshes), steel wire meshes of various types (welded, woven, expanded), and cement mortar. Ferrocement has applications in water and soil structures due to its lightweight and durability properties.
IRJET- Effect of Fiber Addition on Mechanical Properties of ConcreteIRJET Journal
The document discusses the effect of adding different types and amounts of steel fibers and glass fibers on the mechanical properties of concrete. Tests were conducted on concrete specimens with 0%, 1%, 2%, and 3% volume fractions of steel fibers to measure their compressive strength and split tensile strength after 28 days. The results showed that compressive strength and split tensile strength increased as the steel fiber content increased, with the 3% fiber volume fraction specimens exhibiting the highest strengths. Similar tests also examined the effect of 0%, 2%, 4%, and 6% glass fiber volume fractions. Both steel and glass fibers improved the mechanical properties of concrete compared to normal concrete without fibers.
Concrete made with Portland cement has certain characteristics: it is relatively strong in compression but weak
in tension and tends to be brittle. These two weaknesses have limited its use. Another fundamental weakness of
concrete is that cracks start to form as soon as concrete is placed and before it has properly hardened. These
cracks are major cause of weakness in concrete particularly in large on site applications leading to subsequent
fracture and failure and general lack of durability
This document discusses fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) and its durability in marine structures. It provides background on how fibers suppress crack formation in concrete and improve its fracture toughness. The document reviews literature on how the addition of fibers enhances various mechanical properties of concrete. It also discusses considerations for mixing FRC, including how fiber type, volume, and size can impact dispersion. Finally, it presents properties of different fiber materials commonly used to reinforce concrete.
Similar to IRJET- Mechanical Properties of Steel Fiber Reinforced Self-Compacting Concrete: A Review (20)
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...IRJET Journal
This study compares the use of Stark Steel and TMT Steel as reinforcement materials in a two-way reinforced concrete slab. Mechanical testing is conducted to determine the tensile strength, yield strength, and other properties of each material. A two-way slab design adhering to codes and standards is executed with both materials. The performance is analyzed in terms of deflection, stability under loads, and displacement. Cost analyses accounting for material, durability, maintenance, and life cycle costs are also conducted. The findings provide insights into the economic and structural implications of each material for reinforcement selection and recommendations on the most suitable material based on the analysis.
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil CharacteristicsIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study analyzing the effect of camber, position of camber, and angle of attack on the aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils. Sixteen modified asymmetric NACA airfoils were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) by varying the camber, camber position, and angle of attack. The results showed the relationship between these parameters and the lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and lift to drag ratio. This provides insight into how changes in airfoil geometry impact aerodynamic performance.
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the progress and challenges of aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs), focusing on their fabrication processes and applications. It discusses how various aluminum MMCs have been developed using reinforcements like borides, carbides, oxides, and nitrides to improve mechanical and wear properties. These composites have gained prominence for their lightweight, high-strength and corrosion resistance properties. The document also examines recent advancements in fabrication techniques for aluminum MMCs and their growing applications in industries such as aerospace and automotive. However, it notes that challenges remain around issues like improper mixing of reinforcements and reducing reinforcement agglomeration.
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research on using graph neural networks (GNNs) for dynamic optimization of public transportation networks in real-time. GNNs represent transit networks as graphs with nodes as stops and edges as connections. The GNN model aims to optimize networks using real-time data on vehicle locations, arrival times, and passenger loads. This helps increase mobility, decrease traffic, and improve efficiency. The system continuously trains and infers to adapt to changing transit conditions, providing decision support tools. While research has focused on performance, more work is needed on security, socio-economic impacts, contextual generalization of models, continuous learning approaches, and effective real-time visualization.
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research project that aims to compare the structural performance of conventional slab and grid slab systems in multi-story buildings using ETABS software. The study will analyze both symmetric and asymmetric building models under various loading conditions. Parameters like deflections, moments, shears, and stresses will be examined to evaluate the structural effectiveness of each slab type. The results will provide insights into the comparative behavior of conventional and grid slabs to help engineers and architects select appropriate slab systems based on building layouts and design requirements.
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes and reviews a research paper on the seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures with plan and vertical irregularities, with and without infill walls. It discusses how infill walls can improve or reduce the seismic performance of RC buildings, depending on factors like wall layout, height distribution, connection to the frame, and relative stiffness of walls and frames. The reviewed research paper analyzes the behavior of infill walls, effects of vertical irregularities, and seismic performance of high-rise structures under linear static and dynamic analysis. It studies response characteristics like story drift, deflection and shear. The document also provides literature on similar research investigating the effects of infill walls, soft stories, plan irregularities, and different
This document provides a review of machine learning techniques used in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). It begins with an abstract that summarizes key applications of machine learning in ADAS, including object detection, recognition, and decision-making. The introduction discusses the integration of machine learning in ADAS and how it is transforming vehicle safety. The literature review then examines several research papers on topics like lightweight deep learning models for object detection and lane detection models using image processing. It concludes by discussing challenges and opportunities in the field, such as improving algorithm robustness and adaptability.
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes temperature and precipitation trends in Asosa District, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia from 1993 to 2022 based on data from the local meteorological station. The results show:
1) The average maximum and minimum annual temperatures have generally decreased over time, with maximum temperatures decreasing by a factor of -0.0341 and minimum by -0.0152.
2) Mann-Kendall tests found the decreasing temperature trends to be statistically significant for annual maximum temperatures but not for annual minimum temperatures.
3) Annual precipitation in Asosa District showed a statistically significant increasing trend.
The conclusions recommend development planners account for rising summer precipitation and declining temperatures in
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD ProIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design and analysis of pre-engineered building (PEB) framed structures using STAAD Pro software. It provides an overview of PEBs, including that they are designed off-site with building trusses and beams produced in a factory. STAAD Pro is identified as a key tool for modeling, analyzing, and designing PEBs to ensure their performance and safety under various load scenarios. The document outlines modeling structural parts in STAAD Pro, evaluating structural reactions, assigning loads, and following international design codes and standards. In summary, STAAD Pro is used to design and analyze PEB framed structures to ensure safety and code compliance.
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on innovative fiber integration methods for reinforcing concrete structures. It discusses studies that have explored using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with recycled plastic aggregates to develop more sustainable strengthening techniques. It also examines using ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete to improve shear strength in beams. Additional topics covered include the dynamic responses of FRP-strengthened beams under static and impact loads, and the performance of preloaded CFRP-strengthened fiber reinforced concrete beams. The review highlights the potential of fiber composites to enable more sustainable and resilient construction practices.
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a survey on securing patient healthcare data in cloud-based systems. It discusses using technologies like facial recognition, smart cards, and cloud computing combined with strong encryption to securely store patient data. The survey found that healthcare professionals believe digitizing patient records and storing them in a centralized cloud system would improve access during emergencies and enable more efficient care compared to paper-based systems. However, ensuring privacy and security of patient data is paramount as healthcare incorporates these digital technologies.
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridgesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes several studies that have been conducted on widening existing concrete bridges. It describes a study from China that examined load distribution factors for a bridge widened with composite steel-concrete girders. It also outlines challenges and solutions for widening a bridge in the UAE, including replacing bearings and stitching the new and existing structures. Additionally, it discusses two bridge widening projects in New Zealand that involved adding precast beams and stitching to connect structures. Finally, safety measures and challenges for strengthening a historic bridge in Switzerland under live traffic are presented.
React based fullstack edtech web applicationIRJET Journal
The document describes the architecture of an educational technology web application built using the MERN stack. It discusses the frontend developed with ReactJS, backend with NodeJS and ExpressJS, and MongoDB database. The frontend provides dynamic user interfaces, while the backend offers APIs for authentication, course management, and other functions. MongoDB enables flexible data storage. The architecture aims to provide a scalable, responsive platform for online learning.
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...IRJET Journal
This paper proposes integrating Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies to help implement objectives of India's National Education Policy (NEP) in the education sector. The paper discusses how blockchain could be used for secure student data management, credential verification, and decentralized learning platforms. IoT devices could create smart classrooms, automate attendance tracking, and enable real-time monitoring. Blockchain would ensure integrity of exam processes and resource allocation, while smart contracts automate agreements. The paper argues this integration has potential to revolutionize education by making it more secure, transparent and efficient, in alignment with NEP goals. However, challenges like infrastructure needs, data privacy, and collaborative efforts are also discussed.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on the performance of coconut fibre reinforced concrete. It summarizes several studies that tested different volume fractions and lengths of coconut fibres in concrete mixtures with varying compressive strengths. The studies found that coconut fibre improved properties like tensile strength, toughness, crack resistance, and spalling resistance compared to plain concrete. Volume fractions of 2-5% and fibre lengths of 20-50mm produced the best results. The document concludes that using a 4-5% volume fraction of coconut fibres 30-40mm in length with M30-M60 grade concrete would provide benefits based on previous research.
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...IRJET Journal
The document discusses optimizing business management processes through automation using Microsoft Power Automate and artificial intelligence. It provides an overview of Power Automate's key components and features for automating workflows across various apps and services. The document then presents several scenarios applying automation solutions to common business processes like data entry, monitoring, HR, finance, customer support, and more. It estimates the potential time and cost savings from implementing automation for each scenario. Finally, the conclusion emphasizes the transformative impact of AI and automation tools on business processes and the need for ongoing optimization.
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic DesignIRJET Journal
The document describes the seismic design of a G+5 steel building frame located in Roorkee, India according to Indian codes IS 1893-2002 and IS 800. The frame was analyzed using the equivalent static load method and response spectrum method, and its response in terms of displacements and shear forces were compared. Based on the analysis, the frame was designed as a seismic-resistant steel structure according to IS 800:2007. The software STAAD Pro was used for the analysis and design.
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...IRJET Journal
This research paper explores using plastic waste as a sustainable and cost-effective construction material. The study focuses on manufacturing pavers and bricks using recycled plastic and partially replacing concrete with plastic alternatives. Initial results found that pavers and bricks made from recycled plastic demonstrate comparable strength and durability to traditional materials while providing environmental and cost benefits. Additionally, preliminary research indicates incorporating plastic waste as a partial concrete replacement significantly reduces construction costs without compromising structural integrity. The outcomes suggest adopting plastic waste in construction can address plastic pollution while optimizing costs, promoting more sustainable building practices.
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Covid Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
CoVID-19 sprang up in Wuhan China in November 2019 and was declared a pandemic by the in January 2020 World Health Organization (WHO). Like the Spanish flu of 1918 that claimed millions of lives, the COVID-19 has caused the demise of thousands with China, Italy, Spain, USA and India having the highest statistics on infection and mortality rates. Regardless of existing sophisticated technologies and medical science, the spread has continued to surge high. With this COVID-19 Management System, organizations can respond virtually to the COVID-19 pandemic and protect, educate and care for citizens in the community in a quick and effective manner. This comprehensive solution not only helps in containing the virus but also proactively empowers both citizens and care providers to minimize the spread of the virus through targeted strategies and education.