This document discusses soft skills that are important for nurses. It defines soft skills as personal attributes that enable effective interaction and communication. Some key soft skills discussed include:
- Communication skills like active listening, verbal, non-verbal, and written communication
- Relationship building skills like empathy, understanding cultural differences, and developing trust with patients
- Workplace skills like adaptability, teamwork, problem-solving, professionalism, and initiative
- Presentation skills to engage with audiences and understand different perspectives
- Motivational skills to elicit desired behaviors from others like setting goals and recognizing achievements
- Self-motivation skills and the ability to motivate others
The document emphasizes that soft skills are crucial for nurses to effectively communicate
5. promotive and preventive mental health strategies and service by S.Lakshma...LAKSHMANAN S
The document outlines various strategies for promoting positive mental health, including strategies for adjusting to oneself and one's environment. Strategies for adjusting to oneself include knowing one's strengths and limitations, accepting oneself, balancing aspirations with abilities, and integrating different aspects of oneself. Strategies for adjusting to one's environment involve understanding others, accepting individual differences, socializing, balancing development, managing emotions, having a positive attitude towards work, bearing life's stresses, maintaining physical health, and having faith.
Introduction: Clinical sociology merges sociological principles with applied practice to enhance individual and collective well-being. It leverages sociological insights to diagnose, intervene, and improve social issues, emphasizing the practical application of sociological knowledge in therapeutic contexts.
Definition: Clinical sociology applies sociological theories and methods to analyze and address social issues impacting individuals and communities. It focuses on practical interventions, collaborating with various stakeholders to foster positive social change, resilience, and empowerment. In essence, it bridges the gap between academic sociology and real-world challenges, aiming to improve social functioning and well-being.
Clinical sociology is a branch of sociology that is concerned with assessing and treating physical, mental, social, emotional, and behavioral problems. It focuses on understanding human functioning from intellectual, emotional, biological, psychosocial, and behavioral perspectives across different cultures and socioeconomic levels. Clinical sociology uses sociological research and analysis to provide insights into unsolved clinical problems and promote human adaptation, adjustment, and resilience. The document discusses strategies for developing services to help victims of different types of abuse such as physical, sexual, psychological, and neglect.
This content is regarding body mind relationship which is part of nursing students syllabus. This topic will be useful for those who are studying psychology and other medical science subjects.
This document discusses various cognitive processes including attention, perception, learning, thinking, and intelligence. It defines attention as the selective concentration of consciousness on one object over others. Perception is defined as the interpretation of sensory stimuli based on past experiences. Learning is described as a relatively permanent change in behavior through experience. Thinking is defined as a problem-solving process using symbols. Intelligence refers to the ability to understand the world, think rationally, and adapt to changes. The document outlines different types and factors influencing each of these cognitive processes.
The document discusses the relationship between the body and mind. It states that the body and mind cannot act independently, as they influence each other in an integrated response. A healthy mind exists in a healthy body and vice versa. The body is composed of organs and organ systems that have specific functions, while the mind refers to mental processes like thinking and reasoning, rather than the brain itself. The mind functions at different levels including conscious and unconscious levels. Both the mind and body can act upon each other - negative emotions produced by the mind can cause illness, while malfunctions of the body can affect mental functioning.
This document discusses emotions and emotional intelligence. It defines emotions as complex psychological phenomena involving feelings, expressions, and physiological arousal. Emotions include primary emotions like love, joy, anger, sadness, surprise and fear, as well as secondary emotions. Positive emotions make one feel good about oneself while negative emotions sap energy. Factors like culture, personality, stress, and environment can affect emotions. Theories of emotion include the Cannon-Bard theory of simultaneous feeling and physiological reaction, and the James-Lange theory of physiological reaction preceding feeling. Emotional intelligence involves perceiving, reasoning with, understanding, and managing emotions.
Use of clinical sociology in crisis intervention, sociology, Bsc Nursing Sumity Arora
This document discusses the use of clinical sociology in crisis intervention. It defines a crisis as a temporary state of upset caused by an inability to cope using normal problem solving methods. Clinical sociology offers alternatives to traditional psychological approaches to crisis intervention. The formation and interpretation of crises are social acts influenced by social circumstances. Clinical sociology integrates social aspects into crisis intervention strategies like assessment, information gathering, control, progress evaluation, and referral to help clients regain socioemotional stability. Personal crises form through a socially influenced interpretive framework, so understanding this social psychological basis allows for effective intervention.
5. promotive and preventive mental health strategies and service by S.Lakshma...LAKSHMANAN S
The document outlines various strategies for promoting positive mental health, including strategies for adjusting to oneself and one's environment. Strategies for adjusting to oneself include knowing one's strengths and limitations, accepting oneself, balancing aspirations with abilities, and integrating different aspects of oneself. Strategies for adjusting to one's environment involve understanding others, accepting individual differences, socializing, balancing development, managing emotions, having a positive attitude towards work, bearing life's stresses, maintaining physical health, and having faith.
Introduction: Clinical sociology merges sociological principles with applied practice to enhance individual and collective well-being. It leverages sociological insights to diagnose, intervene, and improve social issues, emphasizing the practical application of sociological knowledge in therapeutic contexts.
Definition: Clinical sociology applies sociological theories and methods to analyze and address social issues impacting individuals and communities. It focuses on practical interventions, collaborating with various stakeholders to foster positive social change, resilience, and empowerment. In essence, it bridges the gap between academic sociology and real-world challenges, aiming to improve social functioning and well-being.
Clinical sociology is a branch of sociology that is concerned with assessing and treating physical, mental, social, emotional, and behavioral problems. It focuses on understanding human functioning from intellectual, emotional, biological, psychosocial, and behavioral perspectives across different cultures and socioeconomic levels. Clinical sociology uses sociological research and analysis to provide insights into unsolved clinical problems and promote human adaptation, adjustment, and resilience. The document discusses strategies for developing services to help victims of different types of abuse such as physical, sexual, psychological, and neglect.
This content is regarding body mind relationship which is part of nursing students syllabus. This topic will be useful for those who are studying psychology and other medical science subjects.
This document discusses various cognitive processes including attention, perception, learning, thinking, and intelligence. It defines attention as the selective concentration of consciousness on one object over others. Perception is defined as the interpretation of sensory stimuli based on past experiences. Learning is described as a relatively permanent change in behavior through experience. Thinking is defined as a problem-solving process using symbols. Intelligence refers to the ability to understand the world, think rationally, and adapt to changes. The document outlines different types and factors influencing each of these cognitive processes.
The document discusses the relationship between the body and mind. It states that the body and mind cannot act independently, as they influence each other in an integrated response. A healthy mind exists in a healthy body and vice versa. The body is composed of organs and organ systems that have specific functions, while the mind refers to mental processes like thinking and reasoning, rather than the brain itself. The mind functions at different levels including conscious and unconscious levels. Both the mind and body can act upon each other - negative emotions produced by the mind can cause illness, while malfunctions of the body can affect mental functioning.
This document discusses emotions and emotional intelligence. It defines emotions as complex psychological phenomena involving feelings, expressions, and physiological arousal. Emotions include primary emotions like love, joy, anger, sadness, surprise and fear, as well as secondary emotions. Positive emotions make one feel good about oneself while negative emotions sap energy. Factors like culture, personality, stress, and environment can affect emotions. Theories of emotion include the Cannon-Bard theory of simultaneous feeling and physiological reaction, and the James-Lange theory of physiological reaction preceding feeling. Emotional intelligence involves perceiving, reasoning with, understanding, and managing emotions.
Use of clinical sociology in crisis intervention, sociology, Bsc Nursing Sumity Arora
This document discusses the use of clinical sociology in crisis intervention. It defines a crisis as a temporary state of upset caused by an inability to cope using normal problem solving methods. Clinical sociology offers alternatives to traditional psychological approaches to crisis intervention. The formation and interpretation of crises are social acts influenced by social circumstances. Clinical sociology integrates social aspects into crisis intervention strategies like assessment, information gathering, control, progress evaluation, and referral to help clients regain socioemotional stability. Personal crises form through a socially influenced interpretive framework, so understanding this social psychological basis allows for effective intervention.
The document discusses self-concept, which is an individual's subjective sense of self comprising conscious and unconscious thoughts, attitudes, and perceptions that directly affect self-esteem. Nurses care for clients facing health problems threatening self-concept and self-esteem, so must help clients adjust to self-concept alterations and support components of self-concept like identity, body image, and role performance to promote coping. Factors influencing self-concept include competence, reactions of others, relationships, identity, personality, impactful events, and ethnicity/spirituality.
The document discusses soft skills that are important for nurses. It defines soft skills as personal attributes that enable effective interaction, such as communication abilities, social graces, and emotional empathy. It identifies several key soft skills for nurses, including adaptability, flexibility, initiative, patience, problem-solving, professionalism, confidence, empathy, teamwork, networking, observation. Developing these soft skills can help nurses effectively communicate with patients, deliver safe and quality care, and build trust in their work.
Sensation is the basic sensory experience of external stimuli, while perception is the interpretation and organization of sensory information. Perception occurs through several principles, including figure-ground relationship, closure, grouping, simplicity, contour, context, and contrast. It is influenced by memory, interests, needs, and cultural and contextual factors. Errors in perception can occur due to defects in sense organs or brain functioning, inadequate or excessive stimuli, or limitations in attention.
This document discusses personality and its components. It defines personality as the total quality of an individual's behavior shown through their thoughts, attitudes, interests, actions, and philosophy of life. Personality has many components, including physical appearance, character, intelligence, behavior, sociability, emotions, temperament, and interests. It is unique to each individual and influenced by both internal psychological factors and external social and environmental factors. Several theories of personality are discussed, including psychoanalytic theory and psychosocial stages of development. Personality is important for nurses to understand to effectively care for patients with different personalities.
Body mind relationship by s.lakshmanan psychologistLAKSHMANAN S
Body and mind are inseparable and influence each other. The health of the body depends on the health of the mind and vice versa. Any abnormalities in the physical body can impact mental functioning, and mental states can also affect the physical body. Maintaining a healthy body and active mind can help avoid illness, while mental health problems can exacerbate physical ailments. The modulation process between body and mind plays a decisive role in health and illness.
This document discusses various concepts related to social structure including society, community, association, institutions, and social groups. It defines each concept and compares their key differences. Society refers to a large group of people who share a common culture and interact to satisfy social needs. Community is a smaller group that shares a common locality. Associations are deliberately formed groups that pursue specific interests. Institutions establish standardized social behaviors and control. Social groups consist of interacting individuals who share a sense of unity. The document also examines theories on individual-society relations and causes and effects of personal disorganization.
This document discusses mental hygiene, mental health, and strategies for promoting mental health. It defines mental hygiene as measures to reduce mental illness through prevention and early treatment. Mental health is defined as a state of balance and harmony between oneself and others. The document outlines concepts of mental hygiene including prevention, preservation, curative measures, and balanced personality development. It describes characteristics of mentally healthy individuals and warning signs of poor mental health. Finally, it discusses strategies for primary and secondary prevention of mental illness through strengthening individuals, families, and communities.
The document discusses equipment, linen, and medical supplies used in hospitals. It defines equipment as fixed or portable items used for diagnosis, treatment, and patient care. Linen refers to clothing items like cotton used in hospitals. Medical supplies include consumable and disposable items used for patient treatment. The document outlines the maintenance, cleaning, and sterilization processes for various equipment, linen, glassware, and other supplies to prevent infection and ensure proper functioning.
Concepts of mental health and Mental hygiene.DikshaRai24
Mental Health a person’s condition with regard to their psychological and emotional well-being. Mental hygiene, the science of maintaining mental health and preventing the development of psychosis, neurosis, or other mental disorders. Mental hygiene.
Characteristics of mentally heathy person.
This document defines attitudes and discusses factors that influence their development and change. It contains the following key points:
1) Attitudes have three components - cognitive (beliefs and knowledge), affective (feelings), and conative (behavioral tendencies). They are learned predispositions to react in characteristic ways.
2) Attitudes develop through the integration and differentiation of experiences, as well as traumatic experiences and adopting attitudes of others like family and peers.
3) Factors affecting attitudes include family, peers, conditioning, instruction, modeling, prejudices, and satisfaction or dissatisfaction with people and objects.
4) Attitudinal change can occur through congruent or incongruent means, primarily
Biological Basis of Behavior unit 2.pptxneetudhami
The document discusses the biological basis of behavior, including the relationship between the body and mind, genetics and inheritance of behavior, the role of the brain and nervous system in behaviors, and sensory processes. It explains how genetics, brain functioning, and sensory perception influence behaviors and mental states. The key topics covered are the mind-body connection, inheritance of traits, the brain's involvement in behaviors, and normal and abnormal sensory processing.
This document discusses frustration and conflict in psychology. It defines frustration as occurring when goal-directed behavior is blocked, creating unpleasant emotions. Conflict is described as a painful emotional state resulting from opposing wishes. The document outlines sources of frustration as external environmental factors or internal personal factors. Common reactions to frustration include increased effort, aggression, apathy and fantasy. It identifies different types of conflicts as interpersonal, person-environment, and internal. The document concludes by explaining ways to resolve frustration and conflict such as identifying their source, seeking advice, and learning to accept things that cannot be changed.
This document provides information on human development across the lifespan. It begins with an introduction to developmental psychology and outlines the main stages of development from infancy to late adulthood. For each stage, it describes key physical, cognitive, psychosocial, and psychological characteristics. The roles of nurses in caring for individuals at different developmental stages are also discussed. Factors that influence development and developmental tasks for different periods are explained.
The biology of behavior involves the interaction between the body and mind. The document discusses the key bodily factors involved - receptors (sense organs), effectors (muscles and glands), and the nervous system. It provides details on the structure and functions of neurons, neurotransmitters, and the main parts of the brain and nervous system involved in behavior. The biology of behavior examines how activity in the nervous system relates to both behavior and mental processes.
This document discusses human development and psychology across the lifespan from infancy to late adulthood. It covers key stages of development from 0-5 years, 6-12 years, adolescence, early adulthood, middle adulthood, and late adulthood. For each stage, it describes physical, cognitive, social, and emotional characteristics. The document also discusses theories of Erik Erikson on psychosocial development and the psychology of vulnerable groups like the sick/ailing, women, and challenged individuals.
This presentation is prepared according to the syllabus of Basic BSc nursing students given by INC. for the better learning and knowledge please refer the books.
Communication and nurse patient relationshipEkta Patel
This document discusses communication and the nurse-patient relationship. It defines communication and discusses its elements and types, including verbal and non-verbal communication. It also outlines techniques for effective communication, such as listening, clarification, and reflection. Key aspects of the nurse-patient relationship discussed include attending skills like maintaining eye contact and body language. The document provides an overview of the communication process and methods used between nurses and patients.
This document provides an overview of developmental psychology from infancy through late adulthood. It discusses the key stages of development, including infancy, early childhood, middle childhood, puberty/adolescence, and the various stages of adulthood. For each life stage, it outlines the typical physical, cognitive, social, and emotional milestones and changes that occur. It also discusses some of the potential adjustment problems that can arise during development. Additionally, it examines psychology related to vulnerable individuals, including those who are physically challenged or sick.
Soft skills: motivational skills, psychology for nurses. B.sc Nursing.Sumity Arora
Motivational skills encourage employees to boost productivity and achieve successful results.
They involve communicating effectively with team members and delegating tasks regularly to show you trust in their capabilities.
Learning these skills can help nurses become a more effective and inspirational leader.
The Interpersonal Communication is basic part of any meaningful communication between two or many persons. This is helpful to communicate others in convincing & effective manner. There are different way to communicate each others in way of verbal & non- verbal communications. The effective communications are fulfilled by different behavior skills which support to complete path. The behavior skills enhance our personality.
This document provides information about a course on basic management skills and energy management. The course outcomes are described which include describing basics of management skills, understanding maintenance and total quality management, explaining energy management, describing energy conservation in electrical engineering sectors, understanding energy audits, and illustrating safety measures and using computers in energy management. The first unit covers basic management skills and types of skills like interpersonal skills, teamwork, negotiation, communication, time management, and stress management. It also discusses the importance of self-awareness and processes for self-knowledge. Other topics covered include defining SWOT analysis and its benefits and uses, defining perception and how to improve it, defining communication and its process and channels, formal and informal communication networks
The document discusses self-concept, which is an individual's subjective sense of self comprising conscious and unconscious thoughts, attitudes, and perceptions that directly affect self-esteem. Nurses care for clients facing health problems threatening self-concept and self-esteem, so must help clients adjust to self-concept alterations and support components of self-concept like identity, body image, and role performance to promote coping. Factors influencing self-concept include competence, reactions of others, relationships, identity, personality, impactful events, and ethnicity/spirituality.
The document discusses soft skills that are important for nurses. It defines soft skills as personal attributes that enable effective interaction, such as communication abilities, social graces, and emotional empathy. It identifies several key soft skills for nurses, including adaptability, flexibility, initiative, patience, problem-solving, professionalism, confidence, empathy, teamwork, networking, observation. Developing these soft skills can help nurses effectively communicate with patients, deliver safe and quality care, and build trust in their work.
Sensation is the basic sensory experience of external stimuli, while perception is the interpretation and organization of sensory information. Perception occurs through several principles, including figure-ground relationship, closure, grouping, simplicity, contour, context, and contrast. It is influenced by memory, interests, needs, and cultural and contextual factors. Errors in perception can occur due to defects in sense organs or brain functioning, inadequate or excessive stimuli, or limitations in attention.
This document discusses personality and its components. It defines personality as the total quality of an individual's behavior shown through their thoughts, attitudes, interests, actions, and philosophy of life. Personality has many components, including physical appearance, character, intelligence, behavior, sociability, emotions, temperament, and interests. It is unique to each individual and influenced by both internal psychological factors and external social and environmental factors. Several theories of personality are discussed, including psychoanalytic theory and psychosocial stages of development. Personality is important for nurses to understand to effectively care for patients with different personalities.
Body mind relationship by s.lakshmanan psychologistLAKSHMANAN S
Body and mind are inseparable and influence each other. The health of the body depends on the health of the mind and vice versa. Any abnormalities in the physical body can impact mental functioning, and mental states can also affect the physical body. Maintaining a healthy body and active mind can help avoid illness, while mental health problems can exacerbate physical ailments. The modulation process between body and mind plays a decisive role in health and illness.
This document discusses various concepts related to social structure including society, community, association, institutions, and social groups. It defines each concept and compares their key differences. Society refers to a large group of people who share a common culture and interact to satisfy social needs. Community is a smaller group that shares a common locality. Associations are deliberately formed groups that pursue specific interests. Institutions establish standardized social behaviors and control. Social groups consist of interacting individuals who share a sense of unity. The document also examines theories on individual-society relations and causes and effects of personal disorganization.
This document discusses mental hygiene, mental health, and strategies for promoting mental health. It defines mental hygiene as measures to reduce mental illness through prevention and early treatment. Mental health is defined as a state of balance and harmony between oneself and others. The document outlines concepts of mental hygiene including prevention, preservation, curative measures, and balanced personality development. It describes characteristics of mentally healthy individuals and warning signs of poor mental health. Finally, it discusses strategies for primary and secondary prevention of mental illness through strengthening individuals, families, and communities.
The document discusses equipment, linen, and medical supplies used in hospitals. It defines equipment as fixed or portable items used for diagnosis, treatment, and patient care. Linen refers to clothing items like cotton used in hospitals. Medical supplies include consumable and disposable items used for patient treatment. The document outlines the maintenance, cleaning, and sterilization processes for various equipment, linen, glassware, and other supplies to prevent infection and ensure proper functioning.
Concepts of mental health and Mental hygiene.DikshaRai24
Mental Health a person’s condition with regard to their psychological and emotional well-being. Mental hygiene, the science of maintaining mental health and preventing the development of psychosis, neurosis, or other mental disorders. Mental hygiene.
Characteristics of mentally heathy person.
This document defines attitudes and discusses factors that influence their development and change. It contains the following key points:
1) Attitudes have three components - cognitive (beliefs and knowledge), affective (feelings), and conative (behavioral tendencies). They are learned predispositions to react in characteristic ways.
2) Attitudes develop through the integration and differentiation of experiences, as well as traumatic experiences and adopting attitudes of others like family and peers.
3) Factors affecting attitudes include family, peers, conditioning, instruction, modeling, prejudices, and satisfaction or dissatisfaction with people and objects.
4) Attitudinal change can occur through congruent or incongruent means, primarily
Biological Basis of Behavior unit 2.pptxneetudhami
The document discusses the biological basis of behavior, including the relationship between the body and mind, genetics and inheritance of behavior, the role of the brain and nervous system in behaviors, and sensory processes. It explains how genetics, brain functioning, and sensory perception influence behaviors and mental states. The key topics covered are the mind-body connection, inheritance of traits, the brain's involvement in behaviors, and normal and abnormal sensory processing.
This document discusses frustration and conflict in psychology. It defines frustration as occurring when goal-directed behavior is blocked, creating unpleasant emotions. Conflict is described as a painful emotional state resulting from opposing wishes. The document outlines sources of frustration as external environmental factors or internal personal factors. Common reactions to frustration include increased effort, aggression, apathy and fantasy. It identifies different types of conflicts as interpersonal, person-environment, and internal. The document concludes by explaining ways to resolve frustration and conflict such as identifying their source, seeking advice, and learning to accept things that cannot be changed.
This document provides information on human development across the lifespan. It begins with an introduction to developmental psychology and outlines the main stages of development from infancy to late adulthood. For each stage, it describes key physical, cognitive, psychosocial, and psychological characteristics. The roles of nurses in caring for individuals at different developmental stages are also discussed. Factors that influence development and developmental tasks for different periods are explained.
The biology of behavior involves the interaction between the body and mind. The document discusses the key bodily factors involved - receptors (sense organs), effectors (muscles and glands), and the nervous system. It provides details on the structure and functions of neurons, neurotransmitters, and the main parts of the brain and nervous system involved in behavior. The biology of behavior examines how activity in the nervous system relates to both behavior and mental processes.
This document discusses human development and psychology across the lifespan from infancy to late adulthood. It covers key stages of development from 0-5 years, 6-12 years, adolescence, early adulthood, middle adulthood, and late adulthood. For each stage, it describes physical, cognitive, social, and emotional characteristics. The document also discusses theories of Erik Erikson on psychosocial development and the psychology of vulnerable groups like the sick/ailing, women, and challenged individuals.
This presentation is prepared according to the syllabus of Basic BSc nursing students given by INC. for the better learning and knowledge please refer the books.
Communication and nurse patient relationshipEkta Patel
This document discusses communication and the nurse-patient relationship. It defines communication and discusses its elements and types, including verbal and non-verbal communication. It also outlines techniques for effective communication, such as listening, clarification, and reflection. Key aspects of the nurse-patient relationship discussed include attending skills like maintaining eye contact and body language. The document provides an overview of the communication process and methods used between nurses and patients.
This document provides an overview of developmental psychology from infancy through late adulthood. It discusses the key stages of development, including infancy, early childhood, middle childhood, puberty/adolescence, and the various stages of adulthood. For each life stage, it outlines the typical physical, cognitive, social, and emotional milestones and changes that occur. It also discusses some of the potential adjustment problems that can arise during development. Additionally, it examines psychology related to vulnerable individuals, including those who are physically challenged or sick.
Soft skills: motivational skills, psychology for nurses. B.sc Nursing.Sumity Arora
Motivational skills encourage employees to boost productivity and achieve successful results.
They involve communicating effectively with team members and delegating tasks regularly to show you trust in their capabilities.
Learning these skills can help nurses become a more effective and inspirational leader.
The Interpersonal Communication is basic part of any meaningful communication between two or many persons. This is helpful to communicate others in convincing & effective manner. There are different way to communicate each others in way of verbal & non- verbal communications. The effective communications are fulfilled by different behavior skills which support to complete path. The behavior skills enhance our personality.
This document provides information about a course on basic management skills and energy management. The course outcomes are described which include describing basics of management skills, understanding maintenance and total quality management, explaining energy management, describing energy conservation in electrical engineering sectors, understanding energy audits, and illustrating safety measures and using computers in energy management. The first unit covers basic management skills and types of skills like interpersonal skills, teamwork, negotiation, communication, time management, and stress management. It also discusses the importance of self-awareness and processes for self-knowledge. Other topics covered include defining SWOT analysis and its benefits and uses, defining perception and how to improve it, defining communication and its process and channels, formal and informal communication networks
The document discusses communication skills training provided by Association For Academic Quality (AFAQ), an independent non-profit organization established to promote education in Pakistan. The training covers key topics like defining communication, different types of communication, components of an effective communication process, characteristics of effective communication, barriers to communication, and tips for improving communication skills. The overall aim of the training is to help education managers develop and enhance their communication abilities.
Historical Perspective, Research in Higher Education
Vincent Carpentier
UCL Institute of Education, University College London, London, UK
Synonyms
The study of the past; the long-term lens; changes and continuities.
Definition
The study of the past of higher education.
Introduction
The engagement with history is an important feature of research in higher education, which has taken various forms and has been driven by various rationales (Lowe 2009). The variety of objectives, methodologies and interpretations is precisely what made the contribution of the historical dimension to the understanding of higher education so valuable although it has not come without its challenges.
Past present and future
Many factors explain why universities alongside other forms of higher education have always been the objects of a strong historical attention. To start with, Hammerstein reminds us that “European universities are the oldest surviving European institutions with the exception of the catholic Church” (1996, p.113).
Past and present
Although the historical perspective often confirms its strong potential to enrich the understanding of higher education, it does not escape from the key debates about the various conceptions of the role of history and its potential uses and misuses. Such debates question whether the use of history to inform the present is desirable or even feasible. The risk of presentism has been debated within most historical fields and the history of higher education is no exception (Hutcheson, 2010). Such controversies had the merits to sound a note of caution for those seeking to conduct or read historical research in higher education. First of all, they remind us of the intrinsic value of historical research in higher education and that “it was perfectly possible for historical explanations to be pursued for its own sake without reference to the claims of social relevance” (Tosh, p. 47). They also incite those seeking to link past and present to be mindful of the danger of a presentist view of history and its consequences in terms of misinterpretations or anachronisms. Those are problematic issues not only in relation to the validity of historical findings but also in relation to the ways findings “travel”, and can sometimes be decontextualized as part of an instrumental and selective use of history by media and policy circles. Acknowledging those limitations does not weaken but strengthens a reasoned approach of history seeking to inform the present. This effort of contextualisation is an integral part of a necessary productive engagement of historians with public policy (Szreter, 2011, p. 222).
2
Periodisations
The difficulty to make sense of such a long history is reflected by the variety of offered historical periodisations of higher education, which mirror the differences in the lens and the thematic chosen. The starting point of such periodization has also always been a recurrent issue. Many researchers like Perkin identified the ri
Communication is essential for human existence and survival. It involves the sharing of information between two or more people through verbal and non-verbal means to build understanding. Effective communication has several important goals, including building relationships, opening opportunities, developing personality, solving conflicts, expressing ideas and needs, and improving decision making. It is also important for health education by increasing awareness, influencing perceptions, demonstrating skills, and supporting behavior change.
This document discusses the challenges and benefits of cultural diversity in the workplace. Some of the key challenges of diversity include communication barriers due to differences in age, gender, culture and personality that can lead to misunderstandings. Resistance to change and sociocultural factors like race, ethnicity, religion and upbringing can also present challenges. However, diversity in the workplace has benefits such as increased adaptability to meet customer needs, a broader range of services due to varied skills and cultural understanding, a variety of viewpoints from different experiences, and more effective execution of strategies through higher productivity when all employees feel included.
This document discusses interpersonal relationships and soft skills. It defines interpersonal relationships and describes their types and purposes. There are four categories of relationships: family, friends, romantic partners, and colleagues. Relationships are important for physical and emotional well-being by providing social support and a sense of purpose. Barriers to effective relationships include lack of cultural understanding and limited communication skills. Developing communication skills, team building, and feedback can help overcome barriers. The document also discusses time management, stress coping mechanisms, resilience, work-life balance, presentation skills, social etiquette, telephone etiquette, teamwork, and the use of soft skills in nursing.
This document discusses interpersonal communication and counseling in healthcare settings. It defines communication and interpersonal communication, and outlines the communication process and characteristics of effective communication. It also discusses the knowledge and skills needed for counseling, including active listening, empathy, and technical expertise. Barriers to communication like language and attitudes are addressed. The application of interpersonal communication in healthcare includes history taking, channeling patients to services, counseling, and socio-emotional communication to build rapport. A variety of methods can be used, including training, media, advocacy, and visual/audio aids to reinforce messages. Overall, the document emphasizes the importance of interpersonal skills for effective counseling and quality healthcare.
This document provides an overview of effective communication skills and strategies. It discusses:
- The importance of effective communication in careers and personal lives
- Key elements of the communication process such as listening skills, asking questions, communication styles, and barriers
- Tips for active listening, questioning techniques, and adjusting communication style
- The overall communication process involving encoding messages, choosing channels, decoding feedback
- How to communicate effectively through listening attentively, tailoring messages, using appropriate tone and body language
The document discusses interpersonal communication skills for special populations. It defines communication and describes the importance of the communication process. Good communication characteristics include respect, empathy, unbiased attitudes, patience, and technical knowledge. There are different types of interpersonal communication such as verbal, non-verbal, listening, and written communication. The document provides tips for building interpersonal skills including active listening, using clear language, being aware of nonverbal cues, showing empathy, building rapport, and being open to feedback. It also discusses factors that affect communication and therapeutic versus non-therapeutic communication techniques. Finally, it defines special populations and some challenges to communication for people with disabilities.
inter personal.pptx inter personal communicationNameNoordahsh
The document discusses interpersonal communication skills for special populations. It defines communication and its importance. Good communication characteristics include respect, empathy, unbiased attitudes, patience, and technical knowledge. There are various types of interpersonal communication such as verbal, non-verbal, listening, and written communication. The document provides tips for building interpersonal skills like active listening, using clear language, being aware of nonverbal cues, showing empathy, and being open to feedback. Therapeutic communication techniques that are effective include active listening, sharing empathy, paraphrasing, clarifying, and summarizing. Non-therapeutic techniques can negatively impact patients and include giving personal opinions, changing subjects, and false reassurance. Special populations may require special consideration in
The document discusses various aspects of communication skills. It defines communication and describes different categories including verbal, non-verbal, and written communication. It then explains the communication process, emphasizing encoding and decoding messages, feedback, and choosing appropriate channels. Barriers to effective communication are also addressed, including cultural differences and use of jargon. Interpersonal communication skills like listening, questioning, and dealing with conflict are also covered.
This document provides an overview of a module aimed at improving communication skills for adults with autism spectrum disorders. The module covers topics like effective communication, writing communication, customer communication, comprehending body language, and communicating in teams. It identifies some of the specific communication challenges faced by individuals with autism and provides learning objectives and methodology to help develop their competencies. The module utilizes various educational methods like interactive games and role playing to help empower participants' employability by improving their ability to communicate and integrate effectively in a work environment.
This document discusses communication theory and modern media. It defines communication as the process of sending and receiving information, which is at the heart of a supervisor's job. The communication process can break down due to noise, which can be resolved through feedback. Effective communication techniques include communicating from the receiver's perspective, learning from feedback, listening strategies, and overcoming barriers. Verbal messages include oral and written communication, while nonverbal messages are conveyed without words through gestures, posture, tone of voice and more. Formal communication follows organizational charts, while informal communication like gossip and rumors does not. The grapevine is the informal communication path within an organization.
Effective communication is a critical skill in today’s interconnected world. Whether you’re a professional, a student, or simply navigating daily interactions, mastering these essential communication skills can significantly enhance your effectiveness:
Active Listening: Pay close attention, ask questions, and restate to confirm understanding.
Body Language and Tone: Nonverbal cues play a vital role in conveying messages. Use a friendly tone to encourage open communication.
Clarity and Conciseness: Be clear in your expression, avoiding unnecessary jargon or complexity.
Friendliness: Approach conversations with warmth and approachability.
Confidence: Believe in your message and deliver it confidently.
Empathy: Understand others’ perspectives and show genuine concern.
Open-Mindedness: Be receptive to different viewpoints.
Respect: Treat everyone with courtesy and respect.
Constructive Feedback: Provide feedback that helps others improve.
Choosing the Right Medium: Select the appropriate communication channel for the context.
Remember, effective communication isn’t just about words—it’s about building connections, fostering understanding, and achieving shared goals. Let’s explore these skills together!
Effective Communication Skills for TM Practice discusses effective communication skills that are important for traditional medicine practice. It defines communication and notes that words account for only 7% of communicated information, while tone of voice accounts for 55% and body language 38%. The document then discusses various effective communication skills including listening, nonverbal communication, managing stress, and emotional awareness. It provides tips for each skill and emphasizes that effective communication is key to building relationships and resolving conflicts.
The document provides tips for becoming a good communicator. It discusses communication skills, goals, and what makes a good communicator, including clarity, adequacy, integrity and timing. Tips are given for effective communication skills such as maintaining eye contact, body awareness, and conveying thoughts clearly. Barriers to effective communication are also outlined, and the "7 C's of effective communication" are defined as completeness, conciseness, consideration, clarity, concreteness, courtesy and correctness. Strategies are suggested for applying the 7 C's such as managing emotions in conversations.
This document discusses interpersonal communication and counseling. It defines communication and interpersonal communication, and outlines the communication process. It describes the elements of effective communication, including clear messaging and feedback. The document also discusses counseling characteristics like being client-centered. Barriers to communication and tools for effective counseling are presented. Finally, the application of interpersonal communication in healthcare settings is explained through methods like history taking, channeling, counseling, and socio-emotional communication.
safety protocols easy to follow in health care and for third semester studentsprakruthi bargur
Remove reflective items like watches, rings, and ID badges when working with lasers to prevent specular reflections that could expose your eyes. Block potential reflections from optics, enclosures, and other surfaces by using beam blocks and considering reflections from all angles, including upward and back reflections. Always use the correct laser safety eyewear that is approved for the specific wavelength and power level, as injuries have occurred from using the wrong eyewear. Check regularly for stray reflections, especially as setups change, and be aware that faint red dots in the 750-830nm range could actually be full power beams that your eyes cannot perceive well. Properly terminate all primary and secondary beams to avoid reflections using beam blocks, dumps and power meters
The Stuart Stress Adaptation Model outlines predisposing factors that influence how individuals respond to stressors. Biological predisposing factors include genetic background and general health status. Sociocultural predisposing factors include attributes such as age, gender, education level, and cultural background. The model also describes precipitating stressors as stimuli that are challenging, threatening, or demanding and require increased energy to cope with, potentially producing tension or stress for the individual.
This document summarizes several genetic conditions that can affect adolescents and adults. It discusses adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, juvenile myoclonic epilepsy, and Leydig cell hypoplasia for adolescents. For adults, it covers Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and hereditary hemochromatosis. Each condition is described in terms of characteristics, frequency, genetic changes, and inheritance patterns. The document provides concise overviews of these genetic disorders.
Violent behavior in psychiatric emergencies can include verbal, physical, and self-harm aggression. Verbal aggression involves harmful words while physical aggression endangers others through actions like hitting. Self-harm includes minor injuries to serious suicide attempts. Risk factors include previous violence, abuse exposure, genetics, drugs/alcohol, and stressors. Biological and psychological causes may relate to brain abnormalities, genetics, chemical imbalances, mental health conditions, and more. Treatment involves therapies like CBT to change behaviors and address underlying issues. Medications may also help regulate brain chemistry.
Intelligence refers to an individual's mental or cognitive ability to comprehend and reason. It helps people solve problems and adapt to new situations. Intelligence tests like the Stanford-Binet and WAIS measure intelligence in areas like verbal ability, fluid reasoning, and working memory. Intelligence is influenced by both hereditary and environmental factors like health, nutrition, education level, and culture. It typically develops and increases during childhood and adolescence before reaching peak levels in one's late teens or early twenties.
The heart is a hollow, muscular pump located in the chest cavity. It has four chambers - two upper chambers called atria and two lower chambers called ventricles. The heart's electrical conduction system controls the heartbeat and ensures blood flows in one direction through the heart's four valves. Blood enters the right atrium from the body and is pumped to the right ventricle then to the lungs, and enters the left atrium from the lungs and is pumped by the left ventricle out to the body. The heart receives its own blood supply from the left and right coronary arteries.
This document discusses effective communication skills for nurses, including making personal connections with patients, nonverbal communication, verbal communication, written communication, active listening, patient education, cultural awareness, compassion, trust, and presentation skills. Some key tips provided are spending extra time with patients to get to know them, maintaining eye contact, speaking clearly, taking accurate notes, nodding and using encouragement to show active listening, asking patients to repeat back instructions, being sensitive to cultural differences, understanding patients' perspectives, admitting mistakes to build trust, and practicing presentations.
Dissociative identity disorder (DID), previously known as multiple personality disorder, is characterized by at least two distinct personality states. Each personality may have its own sense of self, habits, and memories. DID occurs more frequently in women and is thought to develop from traumatic experiences in early childhood. Symptoms include gaps in memory, switching between identities, depersonalization, and derealization. Treatment focuses on psychotherapy and hypnotherapy to help integrate the alternate personalities.
This document provides steps for inspecting a patient during a cardiovascular assessment. It outlines:
1) Washing hands, introducing yourself to the patient, and obtaining consent before beginning inspection.
2) Observing the patient from the end of the bed and inspecting their hands, nails, skin, and eyes for signs like clubbing, splinter hemorrhages, xanthomas, jaundice, and anaemia.
3) Examining the radial pulse, elbows, face, mouth, and tongue while checking for signs of cyanosis, malar facies, and angular stomatitis.
Mental illness is defined as clinically significant conditions characterized by alterations in thinking, mood, or behavior associated with distress or impaired functioning. Some key points presented include that approximately 322 million people globally suffer from mental illness, with depression being a leading cause of illness among adolescents. Mental illnesses have various biological, physiological, psychological, and social causes. Common mental health issues in adolescents include depression, anxiety disorders, substance abuse, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Treatment options discussed are psychotropic medication, psychotherapy, light therapy, electroconvulsive therapy, and prevention through nutrition, stress management, and positive environments. Teachers can play an important role in prevention by educating themselves on signs of mental illness and helping students access mental health
Therapeutic communication techniques prioritize patient well-being through exchanges that build understanding. Effective techniques include active listening, open-ended questions, restating to confirm comprehension, seeking clarification, reflecting feelings, focusing on topics, identifying themes, informing with care, appropriate humor or silence, suggesting respectfully, and sharing perceptions sensitively. A case example outlined a suicidal bipolar patient who jumped from a window and techniques used like broad openings, recognition, observations, general leads, reflecting feelings, clarifying, offering self/silence, and presenting reality to communicate caring understanding.
CLASSIFICATION OF H1 ANTIHISTAMINICS-
FIRST GENERATION ANTIHISTAMINICS-
1)HIGHLY SEDATIVE-DIPHENHYDRAMINE,DIMENHYDRINATE,PROMETHAZINE,HYDROXYZINE 2)MODERATELY SEDATIVE- PHENARIMINE,CYPROHEPTADINE, MECLIZINE,CINNARIZINE
3)MILD SEDATIVE-CHLORPHENIRAMINE,DEXCHLORPHENIRAMINE
TRIPROLIDINE,CLEMASTINE
SECOND GENERATION ANTIHISTAMINICS-FEXOFENADINE,
LORATADINE,DESLORATADINE,CETIRIZINE,LEVOCETIRIZINE,
AZELASTINE,MIZOLASTINE,EBASTINE,RUPATADINE. Mechanism of action of 2nd generation antihistaminics-
These drugs competitively antagonize actions of
histamine at the H1 receptors.
Pharmacological actions-
Antagonism of histamine-The H1 antagonists effectively block histamine induced bronchoconstriction, contraction of intestinal and other smooth muscle and triple response especially wheal, flare and itch. Constriction of larger blood vessel by histamine is also antagonized.
2) Antiallergic actions-Many manifestations of immediate hypersensitivity (type I reactions)are suppressed. Urticaria, itching and angioedema are well controlled.3) CNS action-The older antihistamines produce variable degree of CNS depression.But in case of 2nd gen antihistaminics there is less CNS depressant property as these cross BBB to significantly lesser extent.
4) Anticholinergic action- many H1 blockers
in addition antagonize muscarinic actions of ACh. BUT IN 2ND gen histaminics there is Higher H1 selectivitiy : no anticholinergic side effects
TEST BANK For Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing, 14...Donc Test
TEST BANK For Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing, 14th Edition (Hinkle, 2017) Verified Chapter's 1 - 73 Complete.pdf
TEST BANK For Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing, 14th Edition (Hinkle, 2017) Verified Chapter's 1 - 73 Complete.pdf
TEST BANK For Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing, 14th Edition (Hinkle, 2017) Verified Chapter's 1 - 73 Complete.pdf
Allopurinol, a uric acid synthesis inhibitor acts by inhibiting Xanthine oxidase competitively as well as non- competitively, Whereas Oxypurinol is a non-competitive inhibitor of xanthine oxidase.
congenital GI disorders are very dangerous to child. it is also a leading cause for death of the child.
this congenital GI disorders includes cleft lip, cleft palate, hirchsprung's disease etc.
Understanding Atherosclerosis Causes, Symptoms, Complications, and Preventionrealmbeats0
Definition: Atherosclerosis is a condition characterized by the buildup of plaques, which are made up of fat, cholesterol, calcium, and other substances, in the walls of arteries. Over time, these plaques harden and narrow the arteries, restricting blood flow.
Importance: This condition is a major contributor to cardiovascular diseases, including coronary artery disease, carotid artery disease, and peripheral artery disease. Understanding atherosclerosis is crucial for preventing these serious health issues.
Overview: We will cover the aims and objectives of this presentation, delve into the signs and symptoms of atherosclerosis, discuss its complications, and explore preventive measures and lifestyle changes that can mitigate risk.
Aim: To provide a detailed understanding of atherosclerosis, encompassing its pathophysiology, risk factors, clinical manifestations, and strategies for prevention and management.
Purpose: The primary purpose of this presentation is to raise awareness about atherosclerosis, highlight its impact on public health, and educate individuals on how they can reduce their risk through lifestyle changes and medical interventions.
Educational Goals:
Explain the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis, including the processes of plaque formation and arterial hardening.
Identify the risk factors associated with atherosclerosis, such as high cholesterol, hypertension, smoking, diabetes, and sedentary lifestyle.
Discuss the clinical signs and symptoms that may indicate the presence of atherosclerosis.
Highlight the potential complications arising from untreated atherosclerosis, including heart attack, stroke, and peripheral artery disease.
Provide practical advice on preventive measures, including dietary recommendations, exercise guidelines, and the importance of regular medical check-ups.
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Storyboard on Acne-Innovative Learning-M. pharm. (2nd sem.) CosmeticsMuskanShingari
Acne is a common skin condition that occurs when hair follicles become clogged with oil and dead skin cells. It typically manifests as pimples, blackheads, or whiteheads, often on the face, chest, shoulders, or back. Acne can range from mild to severe and may cause emotional distress and scarring in some cases.
**Causes:**
1. **Excess Oil Production:** Hormonal changes during adolescence or certain times in adulthood can increase sebum (oil) production, leading to clogged pores.
2. **Clogged Pores:** When dead skin cells and oil block hair follicles, bacteria (usually Propionibacterium acnes) can thrive, causing inflammation and acne lesions.
3. **Hormonal Factors:** Fluctuations in hormone levels, such as during puberty, menstrual cycles, pregnancy, or certain medical conditions, can contribute to acne.
4. **Genetics:** A family history of acne can increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
**Types of Acne:**
- **Whiteheads:** Closed plugged pores.
- **Blackheads:** Open plugged pores with a dark surface.
- **Papules:** Small red, tender bumps.
- **Pustules:** Pimples with pus at their tips.
- **Nodules:** Large, solid, painful lumps beneath the surface.
- **Cysts:** Painful, pus-filled lumps beneath the surface that can cause scarring.
**Treatment:**
Treatment depends on the severity and type of acne but may include:
- **Topical Treatments:** Such as benzoyl peroxide, salicylic acid, or retinoids to reduce bacteria and unclog pores.
- **Oral Medications:** Antibiotics or oral contraceptives for hormonal acne.
- **Procedures:** Such as chemical peels, extraction of comedones, or light therapy for more severe cases.
**Prevention and Management:**
- **Cleanse:** Regularly wash skin with a gentle cleanser.
- **Moisturize:** Use non-comedogenic moisturizers to keep skin hydrated without clogging pores.
- **Avoid Irritants:** Such as harsh cosmetics or excessive scrubbing.
- **Sun Protection:** Use sunscreen to prevent exacerbation of acne scars and inflammation.
Acne treatment can take time, and consistency in skincare routines and treatments is crucial. Consulting a dermatologist can help tailor a treatment plan that suits individual needs and reduces the risk of scarring or long-term skin damage.
Storyboard on Acne-Innovative Learning-M. pharm. (2nd sem.) Cosmetics
soft skills.pdf
1. Psychology Unit :9
Application of soft Skill
1. Concept of softskill
2. Types of soft skill
3. Way of communication
4. Building relationshipwith client and society
5. Apllying softskill in workplace and society
6. Use of soft skill in nursing
PRAKRUTHI
2. Soft skills
• Soft skills are non-technical skills that describe how you work
and interact with others.
3. Concept of soft skills
• Soft skills are personal attributes that enable someone to interact
effectively. These skills can include social
graces, communication abilities, language skills, personal habits,
cognitive or emotional empathy, time
management, teamwork and leadership traits. A definition based on
review literature explains soft skills as an umbrella term for skills
under three key functional elements: people skills, social skills, and
personal career attributes.[
6. Way of communication
• VERBAL COMMUNICATION
• Verbal communication occurs when we engage in speaking with
others. It can be face-to-face, over the telephone, via Skype or
Zoom, etc. Some verbal engagements are informal, such as chatting
with a friend over coffee or in the office kitchen, while others are
more formal, such as a scheduled meeting.
• NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION
• What we do while we speak often says more than the actual words.
Non-verbal communication includes facial expressions, posture, eye
contact, hand movements, and touch.
7. Way of communication
• WRITTEN COMMUNICATION
• Whether it is an email, a memo, a report, a Facebook post, a Tweet, a
contract, etc. all forms of written communication have the same goal to
disseminate information in a clear and concise manner – though that
objective is often not achieved.
• LISTENING
• The act of listening does not often make its way onto the list of types of
communication. Active listening, however, is perhaps one of the most
important types of communication because if we cannot listen to the
person sitting across from us, we cannot effectively engage with them.
Think about a negotiation – part of the process is to assess what the
opposition wants and needs. Without listening, it is impossible to assess
that, which makes it difficult to achieve a win/win outcome.
8. Way of communication
• Visual communication is the use of visual elements to convey
ideas and information which include but are not limited to signs,
typography, drawing, graphic design, illustration, industrial
design, advertising, animation, and electronic resources.
9. Building Relationship with client and society
• Ability to successfully interact with a “difficult” patient
• Adjusting for language barriers such as accents or colloquial expressions
• Clearly presenting diagnosis and/or treatment options
• Delivering a positive patient experience and a higher level of satisfaction
• Enhancing patient’s compliance with medications or treatments
• Exhibiting empathy for patient/patient care
• Gaining a clear understanding of patient needs or medical issues
• Influencing a patient to adopt healthy living or lifestyle changes
• Initiating and growing a trusting relationship
• Understanding, and working with, cultural distinctions or attitudes
12. Social etiquette
• Social Etiquette Is Exactly How It Sounds, It Refers To The Behavior
You Resort To In Social Situations—Interactions With Your Family,
Friends, Coworkers Or Strangers.
• Social etiquette is a set of rules, manners, and actions that help
people to portray themselves as pleasant, polished, and professional
human beings. People who are social etiquette experts know how to
behave and look their best in various social situations.
13. Social ettiquete
1) Greeting people when you see them.
2) Saying “thank you” for favors.
3) Holding the door open for others.
4) Standing up when someone else enters the room.
5) Offering to help someone carrying something heavy.
6) Speaking quietly in public places.
7) Waiting in line politely.
8) Respecting other people’s personal space.
9) Disposing of trash properly.
10) Refraining from eating smelly foods in public.
11) Paying for goods or services with a smile.
14. Social ettiquete contd..
• 12)Complimenting others on their appearance or achievements.
• 13) Asking others about their day or interests.
• 14) Avoiding gossip and rumors.
• 15) Volunteering to help others in need.
• 16) Saying “I’m sorry” when you’ve made a mistake.
• 17) Supporting others in their time of need.
• 18) Participating in group activities.
• 19) Respecting authority figures.
• 20) Being on time for important engagements.
• 21) Avoiding interrupting others when they are speaking.
15. Social ettiquete contd..
• 22)Nodding, smiling, and looking people in the eyes to show you are
listening to them.
• 23) Following the laws and regulations of your country.
• 24) Respecting the rights and beliefs of others.
• 25) Cooperating with others in order to achieve common goals.
• 26) Being tolerant and understanding of different viewpoints.
• 27) Displaying good manners and etiquette in social interactions.
• 28) Waiting in line for your turn.
• 29) Taking your shoes off before walking into someone’s house
16. Telephone etiquette
• Phone etiquette is the way you represent yourself and your
business to customers and coworkers through telephone
communication. This includes the way you greet a customer,
your body language, tone of voice, word choice and how
you close a call. Etiquette also involves how you listen to
others when discussing professional topics. You might use
this form of etiquette when interacting with customers or
working with others within your organization.
17. TelePhone Etiquette
Phone Etiquette
• Answer the call within three rings.
• Immediatelyintroduce yourself.
• Speak clearly.
• Only use speakerphone when necessary.
• Actively listen and take notes.
• Use proper language.
• Remain cheerful.
• Ask before putting someone on hold or transferring a call.
• Be honest if you don't know the answer.
• Be mindful of your volume.
• Check for and respond to voicemails.
18. Motivation
• Motivational skills can be defined as actions or strategies that
elicit a desired behavior or response from a stakeholder. These
strategies and actions vary based on three major factors:
• The motivator's style
• The target audience
• The personality of the person the motivator seeks to influence
19. Motivational skills
• Ask for employee input. Regularly survey employees for their
satisfaction. ...
• Offer personal enrichment programs. ...
• Validate good work. ...
• Set intermittent goals. ...
• Celebrate milestones and achievements. ...
• Radiate positivity. ...
• Create a mentorship program. ...
• Create a comfortable and inspiring workspace.
22. Presentation skills
• Presentation skills can be defined as a set of abilities that
enable an individual to: interact with the audience; transmit the
messages with clarity; engage the audience in the presentation;
and interpret and understand the mindsets of the listeners
29. Use of soft skill in nursing
• Patientsrely on nursesnot only for medical attention,butalso for information, adviceand consolation.
Nursesneedsoft skills to effectivelycommunicate withpatientssothey can deliver safe,qualitycare. A
multitudeof soft skills exist. Some fit certain jobs better than others.
• 1.Adaptability : Nurses are agreeable to learning and implementing new techniques, policies procedures.
• 2.Flexibility Nurses are willing to change work hours, cover extra shifts or stay later than intended.
• 3.Initiative A nurse with initiative shows a willingness to act without being told what to do.
• 4.Patience Nurses remain calm and maintain a positive attitude when faced with difficult situations.
• 5.Problem-Solving and Critical Thinking Nurses are able to assess and evaluate a situation to determine a
course of action or solution.
• 6.Professionalism Nurses are hardworking, conscientious and respectful. As healthcare professionals, they
follow workplace rules.
30. 7.Confidence
Confidence is a skill that helps you present yourself as efficient and assertive. Nurses can develop this skill to
help patients feel more at ease with their care.
8.Empathy
Empathy describes the ability to express concern and care for others, especially in difficult situations. Nurses
can benefit from this skill, as they often interact with patients experiencing worrying conditions or general
pain. Expressing empathy to patients can help them feel more comfortable in your care and help build trust
and a healthier work environment.
9. Teamwork
Nurses often work as part of large medical teams that include other nurses, doctors, orderlies and nursing
assistants. When developing teamwork skills, it's helpful to practise other abilities, such as maintaining a
positive attitude, motivating your colleagues and working towards common goals.
10. Networking
Networking is a skill that enables you to make connectionswith others. Professional networks are a great
resource for nurses, as they allow contact with others within their network for advice, education and even
job opportunities
11. Observation
Observation skills are important for nurses because they allow them to recognise changes in their work
environments and patients, which gives them time to react to these situations. This skill is especially useful
in developing diagnostic skills, as nurses may observe symptoms and changes in the patients that might
lead to a more accurate diagnosis. Since nurses work in a dynamic environment, it's helpful to use these
skills to anticipate changes and make the necessary preparations.
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