The document discusses street children in Bangladesh. It provides definitions of different types of street children - those who live on the streets and have no family, those who have families but work on the streets, and those who live with their families on the streets. It then gives statistics on the challenges street children in Bangladesh face, such as lack of healthcare, education and shelter. It also discusses common reasons why children end up on the streets, such as poverty, family dysfunction, abuse and neglect. Potential solutions mentioned include increasing public awareness, volunteer support, education programs, orphanages and greater government resources for this vulnerable group.
Alcoholism is defined as a chronic illness marked by dependence on alcohol consumption that interferes with physical or mental health, and social, family or job responsibilities. It can lead to liver, circulatory and neurological problems. Alcoholism is caused by a combination of genetic, environmental, biological, and psychological factors and can result in immediate health risks like injuries, violence and risky sexual behaviors as well as long term risks like cancer, liver disease and cardiovascular and neurological problems. It also commonly causes social problems like losing friends and jobs, and domestic violence as well as financial problems from neglecting bills and medical costs.
Child abuse or child maltreatment is physical, sexual, or psychological maltreatment or neglect of a child or children, especially by a parent or other caregiver. Child abuse may include any act or failure to act by a parent or other caregiver that results in actual or potential harm to a child, and can occur in a child's home, or in the organizations, schools or communities the child interacts with.
This document discusses juvenile delinquency and its causes and prevention. It defines a juvenile as a boy under 16 or a girl under 18. Delinquency includes criminal offenses as well as deviations from normal behavior like disobedience or mixing with immoral people. Incidence is higher among older teenagers and boys. Theories for the causes of delinquency include strain from inability to achieve goals, influence of delinquent peers, and labeling by authorities. Biological factors include genetics and physical defects, while social factors consist of broken homes, poverty, urbanization, and substance abuse. Preventive measures center around improving family life, schooling, and social welfare services.
This document discusses juvenile delinquency, which refers to criminal acts committed by minors under the age of 18. It outlines various acts that are considered delinquent, such as running away from home, gambling, or petty theft. Biological, social, psychological, and economic factors that may contribute to delinquent behaviors are explored. Statistics on rising juvenile crime rates in India are provided. The effects of delinquency on the individual, their family, and community are addressed. India's Juvenile Justice Act and approaches to rehabilitating juvenile offenders are also summarized.
This document discusses family violence and domestic abuse as growing public health concerns. It defines domestic violence, abuse, and what constitutes a family. It outlines the various forms of abuse including physical, emotional, economic, and digital/cyber abuse. The document discusses who can be abused, noting that it can affect anyone regardless of gender, age, sexual orientation, socioeconomic status or other factors. Statistics about the prevalence of domestic violence in the US and its human costs are provided. Risk factors for abuse and myths about abuse are debunked. The trajectory of violence and cultural and structural barriers to care are examined. Guidelines for assessing, intervening in, and preventing domestic violence are proposed.
The document discusses child abuse, including definitions, statistics, types of abuse, and consequences. It defines a child as under 18 and abuse as physical or mental harm caused by others. Every day in the US, about 4 children die from abuse. Types of abuse include physical, emotional, sexual, and neglect. Child abuse can cause long-term physical, psychological, behavioral, and social effects. The document recommends strengthening laws against abuse, empowering children, educating the public, and rehabilitation.
Scholastic Backwardness Reasons & Remediesrenjmat
The document discusses scholastic backwardness and learning disabilities. It outlines several potential causes of scholastic backwardness including low intellectual ability, sensory impairments, physical handicaps, learning disabilities, and environmental factors. Specific learning disabilities are defined as difficulties acquiring academic skills like reading, writing, spelling, and arithmetic that are not due to intellectual disabilities or lack of instruction. The effects of learning disabilities can include problems with organization, memory, attention, physical coordination, social/emotional functioning, and lowered self-esteem. Suggested strategies for addressing scholastic backwardness and learning disabilities include assessment, encouraging strengths, managing stressors, tailored instructional methods, and fostering self-esteem.
The document discusses street children in Bangladesh. It provides definitions of different types of street children - those who live on the streets and have no family, those who have families but work on the streets, and those who live with their families on the streets. It then gives statistics on the challenges street children in Bangladesh face, such as lack of healthcare, education and shelter. It also discusses common reasons why children end up on the streets, such as poverty, family dysfunction, abuse and neglect. Potential solutions mentioned include increasing public awareness, volunteer support, education programs, orphanages and greater government resources for this vulnerable group.
Alcoholism is defined as a chronic illness marked by dependence on alcohol consumption that interferes with physical or mental health, and social, family or job responsibilities. It can lead to liver, circulatory and neurological problems. Alcoholism is caused by a combination of genetic, environmental, biological, and psychological factors and can result in immediate health risks like injuries, violence and risky sexual behaviors as well as long term risks like cancer, liver disease and cardiovascular and neurological problems. It also commonly causes social problems like losing friends and jobs, and domestic violence as well as financial problems from neglecting bills and medical costs.
Child abuse or child maltreatment is physical, sexual, or psychological maltreatment or neglect of a child or children, especially by a parent or other caregiver. Child abuse may include any act or failure to act by a parent or other caregiver that results in actual or potential harm to a child, and can occur in a child's home, or in the organizations, schools or communities the child interacts with.
This document discusses juvenile delinquency and its causes and prevention. It defines a juvenile as a boy under 16 or a girl under 18. Delinquency includes criminal offenses as well as deviations from normal behavior like disobedience or mixing with immoral people. Incidence is higher among older teenagers and boys. Theories for the causes of delinquency include strain from inability to achieve goals, influence of delinquent peers, and labeling by authorities. Biological factors include genetics and physical defects, while social factors consist of broken homes, poverty, urbanization, and substance abuse. Preventive measures center around improving family life, schooling, and social welfare services.
This document discusses juvenile delinquency, which refers to criminal acts committed by minors under the age of 18. It outlines various acts that are considered delinquent, such as running away from home, gambling, or petty theft. Biological, social, psychological, and economic factors that may contribute to delinquent behaviors are explored. Statistics on rising juvenile crime rates in India are provided. The effects of delinquency on the individual, their family, and community are addressed. India's Juvenile Justice Act and approaches to rehabilitating juvenile offenders are also summarized.
This document discusses family violence and domestic abuse as growing public health concerns. It defines domestic violence, abuse, and what constitutes a family. It outlines the various forms of abuse including physical, emotional, economic, and digital/cyber abuse. The document discusses who can be abused, noting that it can affect anyone regardless of gender, age, sexual orientation, socioeconomic status or other factors. Statistics about the prevalence of domestic violence in the US and its human costs are provided. Risk factors for abuse and myths about abuse are debunked. The trajectory of violence and cultural and structural barriers to care are examined. Guidelines for assessing, intervening in, and preventing domestic violence are proposed.
The document discusses child abuse, including definitions, statistics, types of abuse, and consequences. It defines a child as under 18 and abuse as physical or mental harm caused by others. Every day in the US, about 4 children die from abuse. Types of abuse include physical, emotional, sexual, and neglect. Child abuse can cause long-term physical, psychological, behavioral, and social effects. The document recommends strengthening laws against abuse, empowering children, educating the public, and rehabilitation.
Scholastic Backwardness Reasons & Remediesrenjmat
The document discusses scholastic backwardness and learning disabilities. It outlines several potential causes of scholastic backwardness including low intellectual ability, sensory impairments, physical handicaps, learning disabilities, and environmental factors. Specific learning disabilities are defined as difficulties acquiring academic skills like reading, writing, spelling, and arithmetic that are not due to intellectual disabilities or lack of instruction. The effects of learning disabilities can include problems with organization, memory, attention, physical coordination, social/emotional functioning, and lowered self-esteem. Suggested strategies for addressing scholastic backwardness and learning disabilities include assessment, encouraging strengths, managing stressors, tailored instructional methods, and fostering self-esteem.
Gender based violence_in_humanitarian_settings__a_practical_guidlines__by_dr_...Malik Khalid Mehmood
The document provides guidelines for interventions addressing gender-based violence (GBV) in humanitarian settings. It defines GBV as any harmful act perpetrated against a person's will based on gender differences between males and females. The guidelines discuss key concepts around sex and gender, define GBV, and outline types of GBV such as sexual, physical, emotional, and economic violence as well as harmful traditional practices. Root causes of GBV are discussed as gender inequality, abuse of power, and lack of belief in universal human rights, while contributing factors include alcohol abuse, poverty, conflict, and impunity. Global statistics are provided on the prevalence of GBV in various countries.
According to UNICEF, street children are defined as girls or boys under 18 who live on the streets and rely on the streets as their home and/or source of livelihood, without adequate protection or supervision from responsible adults. The document discusses that there are an estimated 10-100 million street children globally, primarily in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Street children face difficulties finding food, water, healthcare, shelter, and experience a lack of parental protection or emotional support. Common causes of street children include violence in the family, encouragement to leave home, a desire for freedom or money, peer influence, and poverty. Governments have established shelters and work with organizations to help street children, but their numbers remain high due to
The document discusses child abuse and the laws protecting children from abuse. It notes that child abuse violates children's basic human rights. The Convention on the Rights of the Child and UN Committee on the Rights of the Child emphasize prohibiting all forms of physical punishment and degrading treatment of children. The Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act of 2012 in India defines and criminalizes different types of child sexual abuse and creates child-friendly procedures to handle abuse cases. A Ministry of Children and Women study found high rates of physical, sexual, and emotional abuse of children in India.
Child abuse can take several forms including physical, sexual, emotional abuse and neglect. Neglect, which involves failing to provide for a child's basic needs, is the most commonly reported form of abuse. Physical abuse causes harm through actions like punching, beating, or kicking. Sexual abuse involves exposing a child to sexual situations or contact and often occurs within the family. Emotional abuse can severely damage mental health through belittling, shaming, or rejecting the child. All forms of abuse and neglect can have lasting psychological impacts.
Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) is characterized by frequent and consistent periods of irritation or argumentation toward authority figures that typically begins in preschool years. The DSM-5 lists symptoms including angry/irritable mood, argumentative/defiant behavior, and vindictiveness that negatively impact various areas and last at least 6 months. While there is no single cause, potential factors include genetics, parenting styles, brain chemistry, and social environment. Treatment focuses on therapy that involves training for both the child and parents to improve relationships and behaviors.
This document defines child sexual abuse and outlines its characteristics. Child sexual abuse occurs when a more powerful person uses a less powerful child for sexual gratification. There are two categories of abuse - non-touching such as exposure to pornography, and touching such as fondling or intercourse. Abusers often groom their victims gradually to gain their trust before abusing them. Victims may experience physical effects like STIs as well as behavioral effects including depression, anxiety, and low self-esteem. Children are vulnerable targets because they fear losing love, feeling shame, or being blamed if they report the abuse. Education is key to preventing abuse and empowering children to come forward.
The impact of child abuse and neglect is often discussed in terms of physical, psychological, behavioral, and societal consequences. In reality, however, it is impossible to separate the types of impacts. Physical consequences, such as damage to a child’s growing brain, can have psychological implications, such as cognitive delays or emotional difficulties.
This document defines marriage and family, discusses the essential elements and legal aspects of marriage, and examines theories of the family. It begins by defining marriage as a contract between a man and woman that establishes family life and involves rights and duties. Marriage aspects include legal and religious views. The document also explores family types, theories of the family, factors in choosing a marriage partner, and patterns of family organization.
This document defines the family and family life cycle. It outlines Duvall's 8 stages of the two-parent nuclear family life cycle, based on factors like family size, the oldest child's development stage, and the breadwinner's work status. At each stage, families have developmental tasks to achieve related to biological, cultural, and personal needs. Understanding a family's stage can help physicians assess common health concerns. The document also discusses criticisms of the family life cycle model and variations in family structures.
Family problems can contribute to juvenile delinquency. Disrupted families due to divorce, conflict, or negligent parenting can lack supervision and attachment, increasing susceptibility to peer pressure. Blended families may also experience less stability, conflict, and feelings of rejection. Family conflict can cause emotional and behavioral issues in children as they may learn that aggression is rewarded. Solutions include community programs, family counseling, and school guidance, as well as holding parents accountable for criminal behavior. Protective family factors include supportive relationships, positive discipline, monitoring, and advocacy, which reduce risks of developmental problems in youth.
This document discusses child abuse and the role of EMS providers. It begins with definitions of child abuse and outlines the four main categories: neglect, physical abuse, sexual abuse, and emotional abuse. Statistics on child abuse in the US, Idaho, Oregon, and Washington are provided. Risk factors for victims and perpetrators are described. Common injuries associated with different types of abuse are illustrated and explained. The document stresses that all EMS providers are mandatory reporters of suspected child abuse in their states and outlines reporting procedures and protections for reporters. The goal is to help EMS providers recognize and appropriately respond to suspected abuse.
This document discusses juvenile delinquency in Jamaica. It defines juvenile delinquency as illegal acts committed by minors. The document examines juvenile delinquency as a social issue, how it is recognized in schools, existing measures to address it, and its implications for teachers and students. Suggestions to combat the problem include implementing safe school officers, effective parent-teacher associations, and workshops for students, parents and counselors. Statistics are presented from medical journals on youth violence and crime rates.
Child abuse is a violation of children's basic human rights and takes many forms, including physical, sexual, and emotional abuse as well as neglect. It is caused by a combination of familial, social, psychological, and economic factors. India reported over 58,000 cases of crimes against children in 2013, a 52.5% increase from 2012. The document outlines the major types of child abuse, national policies and legislation regarding child protection in India, and children's fundamental rights.
This document discusses juvenile delinquency in India. It defines juvenile delinquency as abnormal or antisocial behavior by juveniles below a specified statutory age. Some key characteristics of juvenile delinquency in India include higher rates among boys than girls, peak rates during early adolescence from 12-16 years old, more prevalence in urban than rural areas, involvement of children living with parents/guardians, and attribution to low educational and economic backgrounds. The document also discusses types, causes, and preventive programs for juvenile delinquency.
Child abuse is defined as physical, emotional, or sexual abuse of children. It can occur anywhere, including in organizations, schools, communities, and homes. There are four main types of child abuse: neglect, physical abuse, sexual abuse, and emotional abuse. Child abuse is a serious problem in India, where over 69% of children experience some form of abuse. Boys experience higher rates of physical abuse than girls. Most abusers are family members, and many cases go unreported. Preventing and addressing child abuse requires education, community support for families, reporting abuse, and strengthening child protection.
It is an important topic in today's world. today it has become important to educate our children about child abuse. read this and get information about the child abuse and why it is a hinderence in our country's progress.
This document discusses child abuse, including definitions, types, causes, effects, and preventive measures. It defines child abuse as any form of maltreatment that threatens or harms a child, including physical, emotional, and sexual abuse as well as neglect. Common causes are cited as stress, mental illness, substance abuse, and domestic violence. Effects on children include long-term psychological and relationship problems. Preventive measures include education, therapy, building support systems, and teaching children about boundaries and safety.
Carolyn Thomas was shot in the face by her abusive ex-boyfriend, who also killed her mother. She underwent several reconstructive surgeries to repair damage to her jaw, eye socket, nose, and upper lip. Though she now must use a trachea tube and synthetic nose, Carolyn has become an advocate against domestic violence, sharing her story to educate and empower women.
This document discusses intimate partner violence (IPV), including definitions, prevalence, impacts, risk factors, assessment, treatment, and prevention. It defines IPV as physical, sexual, or psychological harm by a current or former partner. National statistics in the US indicate 25% of women and 15% of men experience severe physical IPV, and 50% experience emotional IPV. IPV is associated with mental health issues like PTSD as well as physical health problems. Risk factors include childhood abuse and attachment issues. Treatment focuses on perpetrator intervention, couples therapy in some cases, and preventing revictimization through education and economic resources.
Välfärdstendens 2011 är den fjärde upplagan av Folksam årliga rapportserie. Syftet med rapporten är att granska löntagarnas försäkringsförmåner, både lagstadgade och kollektivavtalade, som de kan omfattas av vid arbetsoförmåga, arbetslöshet, föräldraledighet, dödsfall och ålderspension. Folksam har också jämfört på vilket sätt villkoren skiljer sig åt mellan arbetsmarknadens olika kollektivavtal och vad det innebär att stå utanför dessa avtal.
President Tarja Halonen spoke at the 8th Global Conference on Health Promotion about ensuring universal access to health services. She argued that a rights-based approach is needed to make sure services are effective and reach all people, including adolescents, older adults, rural populations, and the poor. Specifically, she said all women should have access to contraception, maternity care, and abortion services. Comprehensive sexuality education for both girls and boys on topics like human rights and health is also important. Lastly, universal access to emergency services for gender-based violence survivors must be provided.
Gender based violence_in_humanitarian_settings__a_practical_guidlines__by_dr_...Malik Khalid Mehmood
The document provides guidelines for interventions addressing gender-based violence (GBV) in humanitarian settings. It defines GBV as any harmful act perpetrated against a person's will based on gender differences between males and females. The guidelines discuss key concepts around sex and gender, define GBV, and outline types of GBV such as sexual, physical, emotional, and economic violence as well as harmful traditional practices. Root causes of GBV are discussed as gender inequality, abuse of power, and lack of belief in universal human rights, while contributing factors include alcohol abuse, poverty, conflict, and impunity. Global statistics are provided on the prevalence of GBV in various countries.
According to UNICEF, street children are defined as girls or boys under 18 who live on the streets and rely on the streets as their home and/or source of livelihood, without adequate protection or supervision from responsible adults. The document discusses that there are an estimated 10-100 million street children globally, primarily in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Street children face difficulties finding food, water, healthcare, shelter, and experience a lack of parental protection or emotional support. Common causes of street children include violence in the family, encouragement to leave home, a desire for freedom or money, peer influence, and poverty. Governments have established shelters and work with organizations to help street children, but their numbers remain high due to
The document discusses child abuse and the laws protecting children from abuse. It notes that child abuse violates children's basic human rights. The Convention on the Rights of the Child and UN Committee on the Rights of the Child emphasize prohibiting all forms of physical punishment and degrading treatment of children. The Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act of 2012 in India defines and criminalizes different types of child sexual abuse and creates child-friendly procedures to handle abuse cases. A Ministry of Children and Women study found high rates of physical, sexual, and emotional abuse of children in India.
Child abuse can take several forms including physical, sexual, emotional abuse and neglect. Neglect, which involves failing to provide for a child's basic needs, is the most commonly reported form of abuse. Physical abuse causes harm through actions like punching, beating, or kicking. Sexual abuse involves exposing a child to sexual situations or contact and often occurs within the family. Emotional abuse can severely damage mental health through belittling, shaming, or rejecting the child. All forms of abuse and neglect can have lasting psychological impacts.
Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) is characterized by frequent and consistent periods of irritation or argumentation toward authority figures that typically begins in preschool years. The DSM-5 lists symptoms including angry/irritable mood, argumentative/defiant behavior, and vindictiveness that negatively impact various areas and last at least 6 months. While there is no single cause, potential factors include genetics, parenting styles, brain chemistry, and social environment. Treatment focuses on therapy that involves training for both the child and parents to improve relationships and behaviors.
This document defines child sexual abuse and outlines its characteristics. Child sexual abuse occurs when a more powerful person uses a less powerful child for sexual gratification. There are two categories of abuse - non-touching such as exposure to pornography, and touching such as fondling or intercourse. Abusers often groom their victims gradually to gain their trust before abusing them. Victims may experience physical effects like STIs as well as behavioral effects including depression, anxiety, and low self-esteem. Children are vulnerable targets because they fear losing love, feeling shame, or being blamed if they report the abuse. Education is key to preventing abuse and empowering children to come forward.
The impact of child abuse and neglect is often discussed in terms of physical, psychological, behavioral, and societal consequences. In reality, however, it is impossible to separate the types of impacts. Physical consequences, such as damage to a child’s growing brain, can have psychological implications, such as cognitive delays or emotional difficulties.
This document defines marriage and family, discusses the essential elements and legal aspects of marriage, and examines theories of the family. It begins by defining marriage as a contract between a man and woman that establishes family life and involves rights and duties. Marriage aspects include legal and religious views. The document also explores family types, theories of the family, factors in choosing a marriage partner, and patterns of family organization.
This document defines the family and family life cycle. It outlines Duvall's 8 stages of the two-parent nuclear family life cycle, based on factors like family size, the oldest child's development stage, and the breadwinner's work status. At each stage, families have developmental tasks to achieve related to biological, cultural, and personal needs. Understanding a family's stage can help physicians assess common health concerns. The document also discusses criticisms of the family life cycle model and variations in family structures.
Family problems can contribute to juvenile delinquency. Disrupted families due to divorce, conflict, or negligent parenting can lack supervision and attachment, increasing susceptibility to peer pressure. Blended families may also experience less stability, conflict, and feelings of rejection. Family conflict can cause emotional and behavioral issues in children as they may learn that aggression is rewarded. Solutions include community programs, family counseling, and school guidance, as well as holding parents accountable for criminal behavior. Protective family factors include supportive relationships, positive discipline, monitoring, and advocacy, which reduce risks of developmental problems in youth.
This document discusses child abuse and the role of EMS providers. It begins with definitions of child abuse and outlines the four main categories: neglect, physical abuse, sexual abuse, and emotional abuse. Statistics on child abuse in the US, Idaho, Oregon, and Washington are provided. Risk factors for victims and perpetrators are described. Common injuries associated with different types of abuse are illustrated and explained. The document stresses that all EMS providers are mandatory reporters of suspected child abuse in their states and outlines reporting procedures and protections for reporters. The goal is to help EMS providers recognize and appropriately respond to suspected abuse.
This document discusses juvenile delinquency in Jamaica. It defines juvenile delinquency as illegal acts committed by minors. The document examines juvenile delinquency as a social issue, how it is recognized in schools, existing measures to address it, and its implications for teachers and students. Suggestions to combat the problem include implementing safe school officers, effective parent-teacher associations, and workshops for students, parents and counselors. Statistics are presented from medical journals on youth violence and crime rates.
Child abuse is a violation of children's basic human rights and takes many forms, including physical, sexual, and emotional abuse as well as neglect. It is caused by a combination of familial, social, psychological, and economic factors. India reported over 58,000 cases of crimes against children in 2013, a 52.5% increase from 2012. The document outlines the major types of child abuse, national policies and legislation regarding child protection in India, and children's fundamental rights.
This document discusses juvenile delinquency in India. It defines juvenile delinquency as abnormal or antisocial behavior by juveniles below a specified statutory age. Some key characteristics of juvenile delinquency in India include higher rates among boys than girls, peak rates during early adolescence from 12-16 years old, more prevalence in urban than rural areas, involvement of children living with parents/guardians, and attribution to low educational and economic backgrounds. The document also discusses types, causes, and preventive programs for juvenile delinquency.
Child abuse is defined as physical, emotional, or sexual abuse of children. It can occur anywhere, including in organizations, schools, communities, and homes. There are four main types of child abuse: neglect, physical abuse, sexual abuse, and emotional abuse. Child abuse is a serious problem in India, where over 69% of children experience some form of abuse. Boys experience higher rates of physical abuse than girls. Most abusers are family members, and many cases go unreported. Preventing and addressing child abuse requires education, community support for families, reporting abuse, and strengthening child protection.
It is an important topic in today's world. today it has become important to educate our children about child abuse. read this and get information about the child abuse and why it is a hinderence in our country's progress.
This document discusses child abuse, including definitions, types, causes, effects, and preventive measures. It defines child abuse as any form of maltreatment that threatens or harms a child, including physical, emotional, and sexual abuse as well as neglect. Common causes are cited as stress, mental illness, substance abuse, and domestic violence. Effects on children include long-term psychological and relationship problems. Preventive measures include education, therapy, building support systems, and teaching children about boundaries and safety.
Carolyn Thomas was shot in the face by her abusive ex-boyfriend, who also killed her mother. She underwent several reconstructive surgeries to repair damage to her jaw, eye socket, nose, and upper lip. Though she now must use a trachea tube and synthetic nose, Carolyn has become an advocate against domestic violence, sharing her story to educate and empower women.
This document discusses intimate partner violence (IPV), including definitions, prevalence, impacts, risk factors, assessment, treatment, and prevention. It defines IPV as physical, sexual, or psychological harm by a current or former partner. National statistics in the US indicate 25% of women and 15% of men experience severe physical IPV, and 50% experience emotional IPV. IPV is associated with mental health issues like PTSD as well as physical health problems. Risk factors include childhood abuse and attachment issues. Treatment focuses on perpetrator intervention, couples therapy in some cases, and preventing revictimization through education and economic resources.
Välfärdstendens 2011 är den fjärde upplagan av Folksam årliga rapportserie. Syftet med rapporten är att granska löntagarnas försäkringsförmåner, både lagstadgade och kollektivavtalade, som de kan omfattas av vid arbetsoförmåga, arbetslöshet, föräldraledighet, dödsfall och ålderspension. Folksam har också jämfört på vilket sätt villkoren skiljer sig åt mellan arbetsmarknadens olika kollektivavtal och vad det innebär att stå utanför dessa avtal.
President Tarja Halonen spoke at the 8th Global Conference on Health Promotion about ensuring universal access to health services. She argued that a rights-based approach is needed to make sure services are effective and reach all people, including adolescents, older adults, rural populations, and the poor. Specifically, she said all women should have access to contraception, maternity care, and abortion services. Comprehensive sexuality education for both girls and boys on topics like human rights and health is also important. Lastly, universal access to emergency services for gender-based violence survivors must be provided.
Folksam har sedan år 2007 publicerat en årlig uppdatering av rapporten Välfärdstendens. Syftet med rapporten är att beskriva och granska löntagarnas försäkringsförmåner, både lagstadgade och kollektivavtalade som de kan omfattas av vid arbetsoförmåga, arbetslöshet, föräldraledighet, dödsfall och ålderspension. Vi jämför på vilket sätt villkoren skiljer sig åt mellan arbetsmarknadens olika kollektivavtal och vad det innebär att stå utanför dessa avtal. Vi undersöker också löntagarnas kunskaper om de kollektivavtalade förmånerna samt behov av och attityder till välfärd i allmänhet och socialförsäkringsförmåner i synnerhet. I anslutning till årets upplaga av Välfärdtendens har vi intervjuat 1 500 förvärvsarbetande personer i åldrarna 18-65 år (löntagare). Till vår hjälp har vi haft Ipsos som genomförde intervjuerna under perioden 18 mars – 11 april i år. Av de intervjuade arbetar 82 procent på arbetsplatser med kollektivavtal, medan tio procent saknar motsvarande avtal och åtta procent är osäkra på vilka villkor som gäller på deras arbetsplats. Det betyder att mellan 420 000 till 750 000 anställda kan stå utanför kollektivavtalens försäkringsskydd. Spelar detta någon roll för deras trygghet när olyckan är framme? Svaret är ett oreserverat ja på denna fråga.
Håkan Svärdman
Välfärdsanalytiker på Folksam
Stockholm maj 2013
Alla cykelhjälmar i testet skulle kunna förbättras, och det är stor skillnad mellan de bästa och de sämsta hjälmarna. Det visar resultaten när Folksam har testat 13 av de vanligaste cykelhjälmar på den svenska marknaden. Den osynliga hjälmen Hövding, som blåses upp vid en olycka och fungerar som en krockkudde för huvudet, fick överlägset bäst resultat i slagprovet*. Folksams test visar också att de populära skateboardhjämarna ger generellt sämre skydd än traditionella cykelhjämar.
Programa jornada de marketing y ventas en el foro de inteligencia de negocios...Fernando Rivero
El documento presenta el programa de un evento sobre gestión de marketing y ventas a través de la inteligencia competitiva que tendrá lugar el 11 de junio de 2013 en el Hotel Holiday Inn en Madrid. El evento contará con conferencias y sesiones prácticas sobre temas como el desarrollo de modelos integrados para la rentabilidad, la gestión de experiencias personalizadas, la aplicación de la inteligencia de negocio en la gestión de clientes y la fuerza de ventas, y el uso de herramientas de inteligencia de negocio. El evento
This document defines key terms used in child protective services administration. It defines abandonment, assessment, battered child, battered child syndrome, caretaker, case determination, child, child abuse, contributing factors, control, corporal punishment, credible information, critical thinking, deprived child, discipline, early intervention services, emotional (psychological) deprivation, factitious disorder by proxy, family plan, family plan goals, family plan steps, family violence, failure to thrive syndrome, fetal alcohol syndrome, foreseeable future, homestead services, immediate, information and referral, judgment, lack of supervision, maltreatment, mandated reporter, medical neglect, monitoring, neglect, parent aide services, physical abuse, physical injury, preponderance of evidence
Child abuse malaysian medical student 2012 13Habrol Afzam
The document discusses various types and causes of child abuse in Malaysia such as neonaticide, infanticide, and euthanasia of handicapped children. It also provides statistics on child abuse in Malaysia and details risk factors for abuse including parental characteristics like substance abuse, family dynamics like domestic violence, and environmental factors like poverty. The document outlines signs and symptoms of different types of child abuse that medical professionals should look for during physical examinations of suspected abused children.
This document provides an overview of child protection issues for principals and vice-principals. It defines the different types of child abuse including physical, sexual, emotional/psychological, and neglect. It outlines indicators of each type of abuse and behaviors observed in abusers. The rights and responsibilities of teachers to report suspected abuse to Children's Aid is also discussed.
Child abuse malaysian medical student 2012 13Habrol Afzam
This document provides definitions and statistics related to different types of child abuse in Malaysia. It begins with an overview of child abuse statistics from the Department of Social Welfare. It then defines and discusses various forms of child abuse including neonaticide, infanticide, euthanasia, repetitive physical child abuse, child neglect, murder-suicide, murder-homicide, sexual abuse, and emotional abuse. For each type of abuse, it provides definitions, potential causes, perpetrators, and other relevant details. The document also discusses risk factors for child abuse such as parental factors like substance abuse and history of childhood abuse, as well as family, child, and environmental risk factors.
This document provides information about mandated reporting requirements and definitions of child abuse and neglect according to Ohio law. It outlines what types of situations require professionals to report suspected abuse or neglect, including lack of basic needs, physical or sexual abuse, and exposure to dangerous conditions. The summary also describes the procedures that will be followed when a report is made, including screening, investigating, determining findings, and maintaining confidentiality of reports. House of New Hope employees are considered mandated reporters who must report suspicions of abuse or neglect.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Child abuse can take many forms including physical, sexual, and emotional abuse as well as neglect. It is estimated that the total abuse rate of children is 25.2 per 1,000 children. The most common form of child abuse is neglect, accounting for 15.9 per 1,000 children, while physical and sexual abuse rates are lower at 5.7 and 2.5 per 1,000 respectively. Children who experience abuse often suffer psychological, emotional and social problems that can continue into adulthood if not properly treated. Nurses play an important role in caring for child abuse victims by providing physical, emotional and social support.
The child with special health care needsAndre Sookdar
The document discusses children with special health care needs, defined as those who require more health services than other children due to chronic physical, developmental, behavioral or emotional conditions. It outlines the medical and social models of disability and provides statistics on children with disabilities. It describes the challenges faced by children with chronic illnesses and their families and emphasizes the importance of a medical home that provides family-centered, comprehensive and coordinated care through transitions from infancy to adulthood.
The document discusses child abuse, including its definition, causes, types, and effects. It notes that child abuse involves harming a child physically, sexually, emotionally, or through neglect. The majority of abusers are parents or other relatives. Common causes include family stress, domestic violence, substance abuse, and mental health issues. Types of abuse include physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, neglect, and exploitation. Physical abuse can cause injuries and long-term physical and psychological effects.
Child abuse can include physical, psychological, or neglect of a child by a caregiver. It may result in harm to a child's health or development. Physical abuse involves physical violence, while neglect is the failure to provide basic needs. Verbal abuse damages a child emotionally through belittling, shaming, threats, or rejection. Abused children often experience insecurity, low self-esteem, relationship issues, and mental health problems into adulthood. They are also more likely to engage in criminal behavior or have health problems later in life. While abuse inflicts long-term harm, some children are resilient and able to live well despite difficult childhood experiences.
This document provides an overview of child abuse and neglect. It defines different types of child abuse like physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, and neglect. It also discusses factors contributing to child abuse, statistics on abuse, clinical assessment of abuse, signs of abuse, and legal requirements for reporting suspected abuse. The goal is to educate dental professionals on properly identifying, documenting, treating, and reporting suspected cases of child abuse.
Child Abuse in the U.S. discusses the different types of child abuse including neglect, physical abuse, emotional abuse, and sexual abuse. It provides definitions and examples of each type as well as common behavioral and physical signs. The document also discusses why people abuse children and includes statistics on child abuse victims in the U.S. It concludes by suggesting ways readers can get involved through careers, volunteering, or reporting any suspected abuse.
This document summarizes information presented at a seminar on child abuse. It discusses several key topics:
1) Types of child neglect including physical and emotional neglect and their signs and symptoms. Common injuries from physical abuse like bruises and fractures are also outlined.
2) Theoretical models for understanding the causes of child abuse including mental illness, environmental stress, social learning, and human ecological models.
3) Factors that can predispose to physical abuse including parental characteristics like violence and poverty, child characteristics like disabilities, and environmental stressors.
4) Clinical manifestations and findings suggestive of physical neglect and abuse. Suggestive behaviors in abused children are also described.
Child abuse can take several forms including physical, emotional, and sexual abuse as well as physical and emotional neglect. Physical abuse may result in injuries like bruises, fractures, and burns. Emotional abuse and neglect can impact development and cause withdrawal, aggression, or developmental delays. Sexual abuse involves any sexual activity with a child and may have physical signs or cause behavioral changes. Treatment requires a multidisciplinary approach including medical care, child protective services, and counseling or therapy for the child and family. Preventing abuse requires education, addressing risk factors, and promoting healthy child development and parenting.
Factors that contribute to child abuse and neglect (parental factors)Louie Lumactud
This document discusses several factors that contribute to child abuse and neglect, including parental characteristics, history of maltreatment, substance abuse, attitudes and knowledge, and age. Parental characteristics like low self-esteem, depression, and antisocial behaviors can increase the risk of abuse or neglect. A history of being maltreated as a child or witnessing violence can lead to learning violent behaviors and justifying them. Substance abuse can impair parenting abilities and prioritize drugs over children's needs. Negative attitudes, unrealistic expectations of children, and lack of knowledge about child development can also contribute to maltreatment. Younger mothers may be more likely to abuse due to other contributing stress factors.
This document provides an overview of trauma-informed transportation for foster children. It discusses how childhood trauma affects brain development and behavior. Traumatized children may experience abnormal behaviors due to their brain prioritizing survival over reasoning. The document emphasizes understanding behaviors from a trauma-informed lens rather than judging them as "bad." The goal is for transporters to help children feel safe and soothed.
Child abuse can cause physical, emotional and psychological harm to children. There are many forms of child maltreatment including neglect, physical abuse, sexual abuse, exploitation and emotional abuse. Physical abuse occurs when a caregiver causes injury to a child through actions such as hitting, kicking or burning. Sexual abuse involves an adult using a child for sexual purposes or involving a child in sexual acts. Emotional abuse damages a child's mental health through actions like rejecting, humiliating or terrorizing the child. Child neglect involves the failure to provide for a child's basic needs like adequate food, clothing, hygiene and supervision. Various laws and schemes in India work to define and prevent different forms of child abuse and protect children's rights.
This document provides a summary of a child protection and safeguarding training session. The training covers:
- Confidentiality and respect policies for participants
- Learning aims around raising awareness of child protection signs and procedures
- Statutory guidance on safeguarding children
- Roles and responsibilities of the designated safeguarding lead and deputy
- Procedures for reporting concerns about a child's welfare
- Definitions and indicators of different types of child abuse and neglect
Separation, Grief and Loss of Children in Foster Carekimberlykeith
Kimberly Keith, MEd, LPC
Academic Partnerships for Public Child Welfare
Department of Behavioral & Social Sciences
Southern Arkansas University
Magnolia, Arkansas
There are common myths about child maltreatment, including that the greatest risk is outside the home, that rates have reached epidemic levels, and that risk factors alone cause maltreatment. However, research shows that over 50% of child homicides under age 10 are by family members, rates have actually declined with increased reporting, and risk factors only increase probability not cause maltreatment. Definitions of maltreatment vary over time and place, and include physical abuse, neglect, sexual abuse, and emotional abuse as recognized by most states within minimum federal standards defined by acts resulting in harm.
Local Social Marketing and Public Health in Rural Communitieskimberlykeith
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2. Child Neglect: A Guide for Prevention, Assessment and Intervention. User Manual Series (2006) Children's Bureau Arkansas Child Maltreatment Assessment Protocol Arkansas Code 9-15-103. Definitions Types of Neglect
3. Level of Neglect Mild neglect usually does not warrant a report to CPS, but might necessitate a community-based intervention (e.g., a parent failing to put the child in a car safety seat). Moderate neglect occurs when less intrusive measures, such as community interventions, have failed or some moderate harm to the child has occurred (e.g., a child consistently is inappropriately dressed for the weather, such as being in shorts and sandals in the middle of winter). For moderate neglect, CPS may be involved in partnership with community support. Severe neglect occurs when severe or long-term harm has been done to the child (e.g., a child with asthma who has not received appropriate medications over a long period of time and is frequently admitted to the hospital). In these cases, CPS should be and is usually involved, as is the legal system. Chronic neglect is a persistent pattern of family functioning in which the caregiver has not sustained and/or met the basic needs of the children, which results in harm to the child.
4. Priority One Neglect FAILURE TO THRIVE Definition - A clinical term used by pediatric clinicians to describe infants and young children, generally 3 years of age and younger, who fail to grow as expected based on established growth standards for age and gender. Abandonment Definition - Desertion of a child without arranging for reasonable care and supervision. Includes cases in which children were not claimed within 2 days and cases in which children are left by parents or substitutes who gave no (or false) information about their whereabouts.
5. Priority One Neglect MEDICAL NEGLECT OF DISABLED INFANTS Definition - The withholding of appropriate nutrition, hydration, medication, or other medically indicated treatment from a disabled infant with a life-threatening condition. FAILURE TO PROTECT (Priority 1 or 2) Definition - Failure of an individual responsible for the care of a child to take reasonable action to protect that child from maltreatment when that individual had reasonable cause to believe that the child was in significant danger of being maltreated. This allegation may include situations in which a person with a documented history as an offender of child sexual abuse is allowed to be an unsupervised caretaker of a child.
6. Priority Two Neglect MEDICAL NEGLECT Definition - Lack of medical or mental treatment for a health problem or condition which, if untreated, could become severe enough to constitute a serious or long-term harm to the child; lack of follow-through on a prescribed treatment plan for a condition which could become serious enough to constitute serious or long-term harm to the child if the plan is unimplemented.
7. Priority Two Neglect LOCK-OUT Definition - The parent or caretaker has denied the child access to the home necessary to the safety and health of the child. Educational Neglect Permitted Chronic Truancy – Habitual truancy averaging at least 5 days a month if the parent or guardian is informed of the problem and has not attempted to intervene. Failure to Enroll/Other Truancy – Failure to register or enroll a child of mandatory school age, causing the child to miss at least one month of school, or a pattern of keeping a school-age child home for nonlegitimate reasons (to work, care for siblings, etc.) for an average of at least 3 days a month. Inattention to Special Education Need – Refusal to allow or failure to obtain recommended remedial education services, or in obtaining or following through with treatment for a child’s diagnosed learning disorder or other special education need without reasonable cause.
8. Priority Two Neglect INADEQUATE SUPERVISION Definition - The parent or caretaker has failed to appropriately supervise the juvenile which results in the juvenile being left alone at an inappropriate age or in inappropriate circumstances which put the juvenile in danger. Leaving the juvenile alone when the juvenile is too young to care for himself or for other children. Leaving a juvenile alone when the juvenile has a condition that requires close supervision. Leaving a juvenile in the care of an inadequate or inappropriate caretaker. Being present but unable to supervise because of the caretaker's condition. This includes the parent or caretaker who uses drugs or alcohol to the extent that it has the effect of producing a substantial state of stupor, unconsciousness, intoxication, or irrationality. This also includes the parent or caretaker who cannot adequately supervise the juvenile because of the parent's or caretaker's medical condition, behavioral, mental, or emotional problems, developmental disability, or physical handicap.
9. Inadequate Supervision The deciding factor in determining whether a particular situation constitutes neglect due to inadequate supervision will be whether a child is at risk of serious harm due to the lack of supervision. Child factors, in addition to the child’s age, include considerations such as what is the child like developmentally? Parent or caregiver factors include considerations of: What is the parent’s understanding of the child’s needs? Physical environment factors can also affect the potential for harm when children are left unsupervised.
10. Priority Two Neglect ENVIRONMENTAL NEGLECT I. Definition - The child's person, clothing, or living conditions are unsanitary to the point that the child's health is in significant danger of impairment. This may include infestations of rodents, spiders, insects, snakes, etc., human or animal feces, rotten or spoiled food and/or garbage which the child can reach. INADEQUATE CLOTHING Definition - Lack of adequate clothing to protect the child from the elements. INADEQUATE FOOD I. Definition - Lack of food adequate to sustain normal functioning. It is not as severe as malnutrition or failure to thrive, both of which require a medical diagnosis. INADEQUATE SHELTER Definition - Lack of shelter which is safe and which protects from the elements.
11. Priority Two Neglect Emotional Neglect Inadequate Nurturance or Affection – Marked inattention to the child’s needs for affection, emotional support, attention, or competence. (Though quite serious in their effects, these cases rarely reach child protection services. They are often not identified until a child protection case is opened through juvenile delinquency, truancy and other juvenile court cases.) Chronic or Extreme Spouse Abuse – Spousal violence in the child’s presence (Also severe in its effects, recent policy changes have raised state’s awareness of this form of neglect and we will likely see increases in families who receive child protection services due to domestic violence.)
12. Child Exposure to Domestic Violence 5-4-702. Enhanced penalties for offenses committed in presence of a child. (A) Any person who commits a felony offense involving assault, battery, domestic battery, or assault on a family member or household member, as provided in Arkansas Code 5-13-201 or Arkansas Code 5-26-303 - 5-26-311, may be subject to an enhanced sentence of an additional term of imprisonment of not less than one (1) year and not greater than ten (10) years if the offense is committed in the presence of a child. (1) "Child" means a person under sixteen (16) years of age; and (2) "In the presence of a child" means in the physical presence of a child or knowing or having reason to know that a child is present and may see or hear an act of assault, battery, domestic battery, or assault on a family member or household member.
13. Priority Two Neglect Permitted Drug or Alcohol Abuse Encouragement or permitting of drug or alcohol use by the child; includes cases in which the parent or guardian had been informed of the problem and had not attempted to intervene.
14. Tracey Feild, M.A. & Amy PrintzWinterfeld, J.D. Tough Problems, Tough Choices: Guidelines for Needs-Based Service Planning in Child Welfare. 2003. Casey Family Programs and The Annie E.Casey Foundation. Risk Factors in Neglect
15. Demographics of Neglect Mothers, both young and old Single-parent household Low Socio-economic status
16. Individual Risk Factors for Neglect Parental substance abuse Parents who abuse alcohol or drugs are 4 times more likely to neglect their children than parents who don’t Parental Illness or disability Emotional and mental disorders Depression Impulsivity Low empathy Perceived stress Obsessive compulsive disorder
17. Individual Risk Factors for Neglect Low level of intellectual functioning Lack of education in home management, child care, nutrition, etc. Parental history of childhood abuse and neglect Neglecting parenting style (low control, low responsiveness) Child health and disabilities
18. Mesosystem Factors in Neglect Financial stress Substandard housing Food Insecurity Dangerous neighborhood Lack of or difficulties with access to concrete supports (child care, health services, food programs)
19. Strengthening Families and Communities: 2009 Resource Guide Child Welfare Information Gateway, Children's Bureau, FRIENDS National Resource Center For Community-Based Child Abuse Prevention Protective Factors in Neglect
20. Nurturing and Attachment A child's early experience of being nurtured and developing a bond with a caring adult affects all aspects of behavior and development. When parents and children have strong, warm feelings for one another, children develop trust that their parents will provide what they need to thrive, including love, acceptance, positive guidance, and protection. Research shows that babies who receive affection and nurturing from their parents have the best chance of healthy development. A child's relationship with a consistent, caring adult in the early years is associated later in life with better academic grades, healthier behaviors, more positive peer interactions, and an increased ability to cope with stress.
21. Parental Resilience Parents who can cope with the stresses of everyday life, as well an occasional crisis, have resilience; they have the flexibility and inner strength necessary to bounce back when things are not going well. Multiple life stressors, such as a family history of abuse or neglect, health problems, marital conflict, or domestic or community violence—and financial stressors such as unemployment, poverty, and homelessness—may reduce a parent's capacity to cope effectively with the typical day-to-day stresses of raising children.
22. Knowledge of Parenting and of Child and Youth Development There is extensive research linking healthy child development to effective parenting. Children thrive when parents provide not only affection, but also respectful communication and listening, consistent rules and expectations, and safe opportunities that promote independence. Successful parenting fosters psychological adjustment, helps children succeed in school, encourages curiosity about the world, and motivates children to achieve.
23. Social Connections Parents with a social network of emotionally supportive friends, family, and neighbors often find that it is easier to care for their children and themselves. Most parents need people they can call on once in a while when they need a sympathetic listener, advice, or concrete support. Research has shown that parents who are isolated, with few social connections, are at higher risk for child abuse and neglect.
24. Concrete Support for Parents Many factors affect a family's ability to care for their children. Families who can meet their own basic needs for food, clothing, housing, and transportation—and who know how to access essential services such as childcare, health care, and mental health services to address family-specific needs—are better able to ensure the safety and well-being of their children. Partnering with parents to identify and access resources in the community may help prevent the stress that sometimes precipitates child maltreatment. Providing concrete supports may also help prevent the unintended neglect that sometimes occurs when parents are unable to provide for their children.
25. Sources Miller-Perrin, Cindy L. & Perrin, Robin. Child Maltreatment: An introduction. 2007. Thousand Oaks: Sage Dubowitz, H. et al. (2005) Examination of a Conceptual Model of Neglect. Child Maltreatment 10:2, pp. 173-189. Sage Child Neglect: A Guide for Prevention, Assessment and Intervention. User Manual Series (2006) Children's Bureau Tracey Feild, M.A. & Amy PrintzWinterfeld, J.D. Tough Problems, Tough Choices: Guidelines for Needs-Based Service Planning in Child Welfare. 2003. Casey Family Programs and The Annie E.Casey Foundation. Arkansas Child Maltreatment Assessment Protocol Arkansas Code 9-15-103. Definitions. Strengthening Families and Communities: 2009 Resource GuideChild Welfare Information Gateway, Children's Bureau, FRIENDS National Resource Center For Community-Based Child Abuse Prevention