Natural ventilation

Natural ventilation utilizes natural forces like wind and the stack effect to ventilate buildings without mechanical systems. It can be achieved through openings like windows and vents. Various techniques exist like the stack effect, wind towers, and courtyards which use pressure differences and air movement. Proper building orientation, cross ventilation, and courtyard design are important for effective natural ventilation. Historic cities like Jaisalmer demonstrate vernacular approaches like dense building clusters that provide shade and air ducts for ventilation.Read less