The 1962 Constitution of Pakistan established a presidential system with a powerful president elected indirectly for 5 years. Key features included granting strong executive and legislative powers to the president, limiting the powers of the indirectly elected National Assembly, establishing a unitary rather than federal system, and including some Islamic provisions like the Objectives Resolution but not fully implementing Sharia law. The constitution remained in effect from 1962 to 1969 when Ayub Khan's martial law administration was ended.
The constitution of Pakistan failed in 1956 due to a lack of strong leadership, political training, and economic equality. It established a unicameral legislature that caused problems. Elections were also continually delayed. The constitution of 1962 established an authoritarian presidential system that concentrated power in the president's hands while limiting the national assembly. It used an indirect election method and lacked checks on presidential power and provincial autonomy. Both constitutions ultimately failed due to their authoritarian nature and inability to establish stable democratic systems of governance.
The document summarizes the key aspects of Pakistan's 1962 constitution and 1973 constitution. The 1962 constitution established Pakistan as an Islamic republic with an elected president as head of state. It had a unicameral legislature and established Islamabad and Dhaka as dual capitals. The 1973 constitution made several amendments, such as establishing a bicameral parliament, an indirectly elected president, and stronger fundamental rights protections. It also cemented Pakistan's status as an Islamic republic and established several institutions to promote Islamic provisions.
The document discusses the Constitution of Pakistan from 1973. It establishes Pakistan as an Islamic republic based on principles of the Quran and Sunnah. The constitution provides for fundamental rights, a parliamentary democracy, and an independent judiciary. It introduced a federal system with power shared between provincial and central governments. However, the constitution has faced instability with multiple amendments and suspensions over the years.
The 1973 Constitution of Pakistan established a democratic system of government with Islamic principles. It created a parliamentary federal republic with a bicameral legislature. Some key features included declaring Islam the state religion, establishing direct elections, ensuring fundamental rights and rule of law, and making Urdu the national language while retaining English for official use. The Constitution aimed to strengthen Pakistan's Islamic identity and democratic institutions.
The document summarizes the many difficulties Pakistan faced after its creation in 1947, including refugee crises, territorial disputes, lack of resources and infrastructure, and constitutional challenges. It outlines Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah's early efforts to establish a constitution through the first Constituent Assembly. After Jinnah's death, successive prime ministers and committees worked to resolve disagreements over constitutional frameworks, with the Objectives Resolution of 1949 and the 1956 Constitution establishing Pakistan as an Islamic republic with a parliamentary democracy. However, political instability and conflicts continued to plague the young nation.
The Constitution of 1956 was drafted after Pakistan became a republic and consisted of 234 articles divided into 13 parts. It declared Pakistan an Islamic republic with Islam as the state religion. A federal parliamentary system of government was established with a unicameral National Assembly. However, the constitution was opposed by Bengali autonomists and the Awami League, and elections were never held. Martial law was imposed in 1958, abrogating the constitution.
The 1962 Constitution of Pakistan established a presidential system with a powerful president elected indirectly for 5 years. Key features included granting strong executive and legislative powers to the president, limiting the powers of the indirectly elected National Assembly, establishing a unitary rather than federal system, and including some Islamic provisions like the Objectives Resolution but not fully implementing Sharia law. The constitution remained in effect from 1962 to 1969 when Ayub Khan's martial law administration was ended.
The constitution of Pakistan failed in 1956 due to a lack of strong leadership, political training, and economic equality. It established a unicameral legislature that caused problems. Elections were also continually delayed. The constitution of 1962 established an authoritarian presidential system that concentrated power in the president's hands while limiting the national assembly. It used an indirect election method and lacked checks on presidential power and provincial autonomy. Both constitutions ultimately failed due to their authoritarian nature and inability to establish stable democratic systems of governance.
The document summarizes the key aspects of Pakistan's 1962 constitution and 1973 constitution. The 1962 constitution established Pakistan as an Islamic republic with an elected president as head of state. It had a unicameral legislature and established Islamabad and Dhaka as dual capitals. The 1973 constitution made several amendments, such as establishing a bicameral parliament, an indirectly elected president, and stronger fundamental rights protections. It also cemented Pakistan's status as an Islamic republic and established several institutions to promote Islamic provisions.
The document discusses the Constitution of Pakistan from 1973. It establishes Pakistan as an Islamic republic based on principles of the Quran and Sunnah. The constitution provides for fundamental rights, a parliamentary democracy, and an independent judiciary. It introduced a federal system with power shared between provincial and central governments. However, the constitution has faced instability with multiple amendments and suspensions over the years.
The 1973 Constitution of Pakistan established a democratic system of government with Islamic principles. It created a parliamentary federal republic with a bicameral legislature. Some key features included declaring Islam the state religion, establishing direct elections, ensuring fundamental rights and rule of law, and making Urdu the national language while retaining English for official use. The Constitution aimed to strengthen Pakistan's Islamic identity and democratic institutions.
The document summarizes the many difficulties Pakistan faced after its creation in 1947, including refugee crises, territorial disputes, lack of resources and infrastructure, and constitutional challenges. It outlines Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah's early efforts to establish a constitution through the first Constituent Assembly. After Jinnah's death, successive prime ministers and committees worked to resolve disagreements over constitutional frameworks, with the Objectives Resolution of 1949 and the 1956 Constitution establishing Pakistan as an Islamic republic with a parliamentary democracy. However, political instability and conflicts continued to plague the young nation.
The Constitution of 1956 was drafted after Pakistan became a republic and consisted of 234 articles divided into 13 parts. It declared Pakistan an Islamic republic with Islam as the state religion. A federal parliamentary system of government was established with a unicameral National Assembly. However, the constitution was opposed by Bengali autonomists and the Awami League, and elections were never held. Martial law was imposed in 1958, abrogating the constitution.
The 1962 Constitution of Pakistan established a presidential system of government with a strong executive president elected for a 5-year term by an electoral college. Key powers of the president included appointing governors, ministers, and judges. The unicameral National Assembly could not dissolve the executive. An independent judiciary could declare laws unconstitutional. The constitution aimed to establish an Islamic republic and centralized federal system, but provincial autonomy was weakened by gubernatorial powers and fiscal arrangements favoring West Pakistan.
The 1973 constitution of Pakistan was adopted on April 12, 1973. It is the supreme law of Pakistan and replaces previous basic laws. Some key features include: it establishes a federal parliamentary democratic republic, with Islam as the state religion and Urdu and English as official languages. The constitution provides for direct elections, an independent judiciary, and fundamental rights for citizens. It can only be amended by a two-thirds majority vote in the bicameral parliament.
causes of delay of constitution of pakistanFaiza Afzal
- The document summarizes the constitutional development of Pakistan after independence, including the passage of the Objective Resolution in 1949 which established Pakistan as an Islamic democratic republic.
- It discusses the reports of the Basic Principles Committee in 1950 and 1952, which outlined proposals for the federal structure and division of powers between central and provincial governments.
- The reports faced criticism for not sufficiently establishing Pakistan as an Islamic state or protecting the rights of minorities and the disadvantaged. This led to revisions in the second report of 1952 to better incorporate Islamic principles.
The 1962 Constitution of Pakistan introduced a presidential system of government with extensive powers for the president. It adopted a unicameral parliament called the National Assembly without a Senate. A new system of Basic Democracies was introduced to indirectly elect the president, MNAs, and MPAs. While the constitution ensured an independent judiciary, the president had authority over judge appointments and transfers. It also aimed to establish an Islamic ideological state by implementing Sharia law, eliminating non-Islamic practices, and establishing institutions to promote Islamic teachings.
The document compares the constitutions of Pakistan from 1956, 1962, and 1973. It outlines the key features of each constitution, including:
- The 1956 constitution introduced a parliamentary system of government, while the 1962 constitution established a presidential system. The 1973 constitution returned to a parliamentary system.
- The 1973 constitution included more Islamic provisions like establishing the Council of Islamic Ideology and requiring the Prime Minister and President to be Muslim.
- The constitutions differed in the division of executive and legislative powers between the president and prime minister, and how elections were conducted.
- The 1973 constitution aimed to better protect fundamental rights and ensure governance in line with Islamic principles and values.
The 1956 Constitution of Pakistan:
- Introduced Pakistan's first constitution on March 23, 1956, an important date in Pakistan's history.
- Established a parliamentary system of government with an elected president as the ceremonial head of state and a prime minister as the head of government.
- Created a unicameral National Assembly as Pakistan's sole legislative body, with 310 members including 300 general seats and 10 seats reserved for women.
The 1973 Constitution of Pakistan was passed on April 10, 1973 and enforced on August 14, 1973. It established a parliamentary system of government with an elected President serving 5-year terms (up to two terms). The Prime Minister is the head of government and is responsible for running the administration, while the President has limited legislative authority but broad executive powers like proclaiming a state of emergency. The constitution also created the Senate as the upper house of parliament along with provincial assemblies for Pakistan's four provinces.
The Maulvi Tamizuddin case challenged the Governor General of Pakistan's dissolution of the Constituent Assembly in 1954. The Sind Chief Court initially ruled in favor of Maulvi Tamizuddin, invalidating the Governor General's proclamation. However, the Federal Court overturned this decision, holding that the enactments of the Constituent Assembly required the assent of the Governor General. One judge dissented, stating that the Constituent Assembly was a sovereign body that could amend the statutes under which the Governor General functioned.
Constitution of pakistan 1956 qudrat ullah yaqubiAli Khan
The 1956 Constitution of Pakistan established an Islamic Republic with a federal parliamentary system. It divided powers between the central and provincial governments. The unicameral legislature consisted of a 300-member National Assembly with equal representation from East and West Pakistan. The constitution established an independent judiciary headed by a Supreme Court. It also outlined the roles of the President as head of state and the Prime Minister as head of the elected parliamentary government. The constitution protected fundamental rights and established that laws must be consistent with Islamic principles.
The 1956 Constitution of Pakistan:
- Established Pakistan as the Islamic Republic of Pakistan and included the Objectives Resolution as the preamble.
- Adopted a federal parliamentary system that divided powers between the central and provincial governments.
- Implemented a unicameral legislature called the National Assembly with 300 members equally representing East and West Pakistan.
- Established an independent judiciary headed by a Supreme Court and Chief Justice.
- Designated the President as the head of state who could declare emergencies and appoint high-level officials.
- Named the Prime Minister as the head of government who was indirectly elected and nominated the cabinet.
The Basic Principles Committee was established in 1949 to determine the foundational principles for Pakistan's future constitutions. The committee proposed two reports. The first proposed a bicameral legislature and a strong central government but was criticized for underrepresenting East Pakistan and designating Urdu as the sole national language. In response, the committee invited public feedback and issued a second report addressing some imbalances but still faced criticism, particularly from Punjab which felt the federal formula favored East Pakistan. Reaction to both reports was mixed and delayed consensus on a constitution.
The constitution of 1956 was adopted on March 23, 1956, establishing Pakistan as an Islamic Republic. It consisted of 234 articles divided into 13 parts and 6 schedules. Key aspects included declaring Pakistan an Islamic state where only Muslims could be president, a federal parliamentary system with federal, provincial, and concurrent lists of powers, and a unicameral National Assembly with 300 members elected through direct adult franchise. However, it was never fully implemented as no elections were held under it before it was abrogated under martial law in 1958.
BPC play a vital role in constitution making of Pakistan. Committee was formed headed by Molvi Tamez uldin to present a complete diagram recommendations and shape of a new Constitution of Pakistan
constitution 1973 Islamic republic of Pakistan(2017) pptMalikSayriii
The document summarizes the key aspects of Pakistan's Constitution of 1973, including its origins, salient features, amendments, and provisions related to Islam. It originated after Pakistan gained independence and underwent various interim constitutions until the current 1973 version was unanimously passed. Some key elements include its federal parliamentary system, fundamental rights protections, establishment of an independent judiciary, and the declaration of Islam as the state religion. It has undergone over 20 amendments since its enactment.
The Bogra formula was a political compromise proposed by Prime Minister Bogra in 1953 that sought to abolish the British-appointed governor-general and replace them with an elected figurehead president. It proposed a federal legislature with two houses - an upper house of 50 members equally divided among the five units, and a lower house of 300 members divided among the units based on population. Both houses would have equal powers over all matters. It was received with enthusiasm but also criticism, particularly over giving both houses equal power as the lower house represented the people.
The document summarizes the key aspects of Pakistan's 1973 constitution. It describes how the constitution established a parliamentary democratic system of government with Islam as the state religion. It compares the 1973 constitution to previous constitutions of 1956 and 1962. It then outlines several salient features of the 1973 constitution, including establishing Pakistan as an Islamic republic, guaranteeing fundamental human rights, and giving powers to the Supreme Court and provincial governments.
The 1956 Constitution of Pakistan established an Islamic republic with a Muslim president, included principles of the Quran and Sunnah, and made Urdu and Bengali the state languages. It outlined a federal parliamentary system with a unicameral National Assembly. However, the constitution only remained in effect for under 3 years before being abolished by a military coup led by Ayub Khan in October 1958.
Since its independence, Pakistan has experienced Constitutional crisis. It has gone through the phases of several democratic governments and marshal laws. Overall, in 67 years of its existence, it has witnesses four constitutions, that were promulgated in 1956, 1962, 1972 and 1973.The Constitution of 1972 was an interim Constitution therefore, do not have much significance historically. Today the constitution of 1973 is in field and is source of all the guidance.
The document summarizes the key features of the constitutions of Pakistan from 1956 to 1973. The 1956 constitution established Pakistan as an Islamic republic with Urdu and Bengali as national languages. It had a unicameral legislature and parliamentary system of government. The 1962 constitution made it more difficult to amend and gave the president significant powers. The 1973 constitution is the current governing document which is a rigid, written constitution with a parliamentary democracy and bicameral legislature. It declares Islam as the state religion and protects fundamental rights and minorities.
The 1956 Constitution of Pakistan established the country as an Islamic Republic with a federal parliamentary system and unicameral legislature. It included provisions for fundamental rights, an independent judiciary, and recognition of both Urdu and Bengali as national languages. However, it faced drawbacks as well, such as diminished representation of Bengalis and constraints on provincial autonomy. The constitution was eventually abolished in 1958 when martial law was imposed.
constitutional framework of Pakistan and its descriptionsyedmirsyed
The document summarizes key features of Pakistan's constitutions from 1956 to 1973. It discusses the parliamentary system established under the 1956 constitution which declared Pakistan an Islamic Republic. It then outlines the presidential system of the 1962 constitution introduced after a military coup, giving strong powers to the president. Finally, it describes the 1973 constitution which reestablished a parliamentary democracy and included provisions for fundamental rights, Islamic principles, and federalism between provinces.
The 1962 Constitution of Pakistan established a presidential system of government with a powerful president elected indirectly for a five-year term. A Constitutional Commission drafted the constitution after examining the causes of failure of the previous parliamentary system. Key features included an indirectly elected National Assembly with limited legislative and financial powers, governors heading powerful provincial governments under central control, and objectives resolution enshrining Islam as the guiding principle. The constitution remained in effect from 1962 to 1969.
The 1962 Constitution of Pakistan established a presidential system of government with a strong executive president elected for a 5-year term by an electoral college. Key powers of the president included appointing governors, ministers, and judges. The unicameral National Assembly could not dissolve the executive. An independent judiciary could declare laws unconstitutional. The constitution aimed to establish an Islamic republic and centralized federal system, but provincial autonomy was weakened by gubernatorial powers and fiscal arrangements favoring West Pakistan.
The 1973 constitution of Pakistan was adopted on April 12, 1973. It is the supreme law of Pakistan and replaces previous basic laws. Some key features include: it establishes a federal parliamentary democratic republic, with Islam as the state religion and Urdu and English as official languages. The constitution provides for direct elections, an independent judiciary, and fundamental rights for citizens. It can only be amended by a two-thirds majority vote in the bicameral parliament.
causes of delay of constitution of pakistanFaiza Afzal
- The document summarizes the constitutional development of Pakistan after independence, including the passage of the Objective Resolution in 1949 which established Pakistan as an Islamic democratic republic.
- It discusses the reports of the Basic Principles Committee in 1950 and 1952, which outlined proposals for the federal structure and division of powers between central and provincial governments.
- The reports faced criticism for not sufficiently establishing Pakistan as an Islamic state or protecting the rights of minorities and the disadvantaged. This led to revisions in the second report of 1952 to better incorporate Islamic principles.
The 1962 Constitution of Pakistan introduced a presidential system of government with extensive powers for the president. It adopted a unicameral parliament called the National Assembly without a Senate. A new system of Basic Democracies was introduced to indirectly elect the president, MNAs, and MPAs. While the constitution ensured an independent judiciary, the president had authority over judge appointments and transfers. It also aimed to establish an Islamic ideological state by implementing Sharia law, eliminating non-Islamic practices, and establishing institutions to promote Islamic teachings.
The document compares the constitutions of Pakistan from 1956, 1962, and 1973. It outlines the key features of each constitution, including:
- The 1956 constitution introduced a parliamentary system of government, while the 1962 constitution established a presidential system. The 1973 constitution returned to a parliamentary system.
- The 1973 constitution included more Islamic provisions like establishing the Council of Islamic Ideology and requiring the Prime Minister and President to be Muslim.
- The constitutions differed in the division of executive and legislative powers between the president and prime minister, and how elections were conducted.
- The 1973 constitution aimed to better protect fundamental rights and ensure governance in line with Islamic principles and values.
The 1956 Constitution of Pakistan:
- Introduced Pakistan's first constitution on March 23, 1956, an important date in Pakistan's history.
- Established a parliamentary system of government with an elected president as the ceremonial head of state and a prime minister as the head of government.
- Created a unicameral National Assembly as Pakistan's sole legislative body, with 310 members including 300 general seats and 10 seats reserved for women.
The 1973 Constitution of Pakistan was passed on April 10, 1973 and enforced on August 14, 1973. It established a parliamentary system of government with an elected President serving 5-year terms (up to two terms). The Prime Minister is the head of government and is responsible for running the administration, while the President has limited legislative authority but broad executive powers like proclaiming a state of emergency. The constitution also created the Senate as the upper house of parliament along with provincial assemblies for Pakistan's four provinces.
The Maulvi Tamizuddin case challenged the Governor General of Pakistan's dissolution of the Constituent Assembly in 1954. The Sind Chief Court initially ruled in favor of Maulvi Tamizuddin, invalidating the Governor General's proclamation. However, the Federal Court overturned this decision, holding that the enactments of the Constituent Assembly required the assent of the Governor General. One judge dissented, stating that the Constituent Assembly was a sovereign body that could amend the statutes under which the Governor General functioned.
Constitution of pakistan 1956 qudrat ullah yaqubiAli Khan
The 1956 Constitution of Pakistan established an Islamic Republic with a federal parliamentary system. It divided powers between the central and provincial governments. The unicameral legislature consisted of a 300-member National Assembly with equal representation from East and West Pakistan. The constitution established an independent judiciary headed by a Supreme Court. It also outlined the roles of the President as head of state and the Prime Minister as head of the elected parliamentary government. The constitution protected fundamental rights and established that laws must be consistent with Islamic principles.
The 1956 Constitution of Pakistan:
- Established Pakistan as the Islamic Republic of Pakistan and included the Objectives Resolution as the preamble.
- Adopted a federal parliamentary system that divided powers between the central and provincial governments.
- Implemented a unicameral legislature called the National Assembly with 300 members equally representing East and West Pakistan.
- Established an independent judiciary headed by a Supreme Court and Chief Justice.
- Designated the President as the head of state who could declare emergencies and appoint high-level officials.
- Named the Prime Minister as the head of government who was indirectly elected and nominated the cabinet.
The Basic Principles Committee was established in 1949 to determine the foundational principles for Pakistan's future constitutions. The committee proposed two reports. The first proposed a bicameral legislature and a strong central government but was criticized for underrepresenting East Pakistan and designating Urdu as the sole national language. In response, the committee invited public feedback and issued a second report addressing some imbalances but still faced criticism, particularly from Punjab which felt the federal formula favored East Pakistan. Reaction to both reports was mixed and delayed consensus on a constitution.
The constitution of 1956 was adopted on March 23, 1956, establishing Pakistan as an Islamic Republic. It consisted of 234 articles divided into 13 parts and 6 schedules. Key aspects included declaring Pakistan an Islamic state where only Muslims could be president, a federal parliamentary system with federal, provincial, and concurrent lists of powers, and a unicameral National Assembly with 300 members elected through direct adult franchise. However, it was never fully implemented as no elections were held under it before it was abrogated under martial law in 1958.
BPC play a vital role in constitution making of Pakistan. Committee was formed headed by Molvi Tamez uldin to present a complete diagram recommendations and shape of a new Constitution of Pakistan
constitution 1973 Islamic republic of Pakistan(2017) pptMalikSayriii
The document summarizes the key aspects of Pakistan's Constitution of 1973, including its origins, salient features, amendments, and provisions related to Islam. It originated after Pakistan gained independence and underwent various interim constitutions until the current 1973 version was unanimously passed. Some key elements include its federal parliamentary system, fundamental rights protections, establishment of an independent judiciary, and the declaration of Islam as the state religion. It has undergone over 20 amendments since its enactment.
The Bogra formula was a political compromise proposed by Prime Minister Bogra in 1953 that sought to abolish the British-appointed governor-general and replace them with an elected figurehead president. It proposed a federal legislature with two houses - an upper house of 50 members equally divided among the five units, and a lower house of 300 members divided among the units based on population. Both houses would have equal powers over all matters. It was received with enthusiasm but also criticism, particularly over giving both houses equal power as the lower house represented the people.
The document summarizes the key aspects of Pakistan's 1973 constitution. It describes how the constitution established a parliamentary democratic system of government with Islam as the state religion. It compares the 1973 constitution to previous constitutions of 1956 and 1962. It then outlines several salient features of the 1973 constitution, including establishing Pakistan as an Islamic republic, guaranteeing fundamental human rights, and giving powers to the Supreme Court and provincial governments.
The 1956 Constitution of Pakistan established an Islamic republic with a Muslim president, included principles of the Quran and Sunnah, and made Urdu and Bengali the state languages. It outlined a federal parliamentary system with a unicameral National Assembly. However, the constitution only remained in effect for under 3 years before being abolished by a military coup led by Ayub Khan in October 1958.
Since its independence, Pakistan has experienced Constitutional crisis. It has gone through the phases of several democratic governments and marshal laws. Overall, in 67 years of its existence, it has witnesses four constitutions, that were promulgated in 1956, 1962, 1972 and 1973.The Constitution of 1972 was an interim Constitution therefore, do not have much significance historically. Today the constitution of 1973 is in field and is source of all the guidance.
The document summarizes the key features of the constitutions of Pakistan from 1956 to 1973. The 1956 constitution established Pakistan as an Islamic republic with Urdu and Bengali as national languages. It had a unicameral legislature and parliamentary system of government. The 1962 constitution made it more difficult to amend and gave the president significant powers. The 1973 constitution is the current governing document which is a rigid, written constitution with a parliamentary democracy and bicameral legislature. It declares Islam as the state religion and protects fundamental rights and minorities.
The 1956 Constitution of Pakistan established the country as an Islamic Republic with a federal parliamentary system and unicameral legislature. It included provisions for fundamental rights, an independent judiciary, and recognition of both Urdu and Bengali as national languages. However, it faced drawbacks as well, such as diminished representation of Bengalis and constraints on provincial autonomy. The constitution was eventually abolished in 1958 when martial law was imposed.
constitutional framework of Pakistan and its descriptionsyedmirsyed
The document summarizes key features of Pakistan's constitutions from 1956 to 1973. It discusses the parliamentary system established under the 1956 constitution which declared Pakistan an Islamic Republic. It then outlines the presidential system of the 1962 constitution introduced after a military coup, giving strong powers to the president. Finally, it describes the 1973 constitution which reestablished a parliamentary democracy and included provisions for fundamental rights, Islamic principles, and federalism between provinces.
The 1962 Constitution of Pakistan established a presidential system of government with a powerful president elected indirectly for a five-year term. A Constitutional Commission drafted the constitution after examining the causes of failure of the previous parliamentary system. Key features included an indirectly elected National Assembly with limited legislative and financial powers, governors heading powerful provincial governments under central control, and objectives resolution enshrining Islam as the guiding principle. The constitution remained in effect from 1962 to 1969.
1) General Ayub Khan imposed martial law in 1958 and framed a new constitution in 1962 that established a presidential system with a powerful president.
2) The constitution was in effect from 1962 to 1969. Growing opposition from Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto and others led to Ayub Khan's resignation in 1969.
3) General Yahya Khan took over and abrogated the 1962 constitution. Elections were held but resulted in political instability, contributing to the events leading to the 1971 war and the independence of Bangladesh.
The Constitution of 1962 established Pakistan as an Islamic Republic with a presidential system. It instituted a unicameral legislature and introduced provisions to integrate Islamic principles into law and governance, such as requiring the President and laws to adhere to the Quran and Sunnah. However, martial law was declared in 1969 and the 1962 Constitution was abrogated.
The document summarizes the Constitution of Pakistan of 1962. Some key points:
1. The constitution established a presidential system of government with a powerful president who had executive, legislative, and some judicial powers.
2. It provided for a single-house legislature called the National Assembly and a federal system with a strong central government.
3. The constitution included some fundamental rights for citizens and eventually allowed political parties after initially banning them. It also included some Islamic provisions and emphasized Islamic principles.
The document summarizes the key features of the Constitution of Pakistan of 1962. It established a presidential system with a powerful president who was indirectly elected. The constitution provided for a single-house legislature called the National Assembly. It established a federal system with a strong central government. The constitution included principles of policy emphasizing Islamic teachings and national solidarity. It also included provisions for fundamental rights and later allowed political parties.
The document summarizes the constitutional development of Pakistan from its inception to the present 1973 constitution. It outlines the key principles and features of Pakistan's constitutions in 1956, 1962, and 1973. The 1956 constitution established Pakistan as an Islamic republic with a parliamentary system but was never implemented due to martial law. The 1962 constitution established a presidential system that was also abrogated in 1969. The current 1973 constitution returned to a parliamentary democracy and included provisions for fundamental rights and an independent judiciary.
Constitutional Development of Pakistan since 1947 to the Present !Mah Noor
Pakistan adopted an interim constitution based on the Government of India Act of 1935 after its creation in 1947. Quaid-e-Azam sought to establish a permanent constitution but faced many challenges. The Objectives Resolution of 1949 established Pakistan as a democratic Islamic republic. The Constitution of 1956 established Pakistan as an Islamic republic with a parliamentary system. However, it was abrogated in 1958. Subsequent constitutions in 1962 and 1973 established different systems of government and amended Islamic provisions, but the 1973 constitution remains in place today despite several amendments.
The document discusses the constitutional history of Pakistan. It outlines 4 main constitutions: the colonial constitution of 1935, the constitutions of 1956, 1962, and the current 1973 constitution. The 1956 constitution established Pakistan as an Islamic Republic but was abandoned after 9 years. The 1962 constitution established a presidential system that concentrated power in the president and was also short-lived. The current 1973 constitution returned Pakistan to a parliamentary democracy but maintained some centralized federal powers.
1) Pakistan faced many difficulties after its creation in 1947, including framing a comprehensive constitution. Quaid-e-Azam began this process but had to delay due to other issues.
2) The first constituent assembly passed the Objectives Resolution in 1949, outlining Pakistan as a democratic Islamic republic.
3) Pakistan's first constitution was passed in 1956, establishing a parliamentary republic. However, it was abrogated in 1958 after just two years.
4) Subsequent constitutions were passed in 1962 and 1973, with the latter establishing the current parliamentary system of government. It has since undergone several amendments.
- Pakistan adopted the Government of India Act of 1935 as an interim constitution after independence in 1947. Quaid-e-Azam sought to frame a comprehensive constitution but faced delays due to other pressing issues.
- The first constituent assembly appointed Liaquat Ali Khan as Prime Minister. The Objectives Resolution of 1949 established sovereignty over Allah and democracy based on Islamic principles.
- Pakistan's first constitution was introduced in 1956, establishing an Islamic Republic with a parliamentary system. However, it was abrogated in 1958 after just two years. The 1962 constitution introduced a presidential system and 'basic democracy' until the 1973 constitution established the current parliamentary republic.
The document discusses the constitutions of Pakistan, including the 1956, 1962, and 1973 constitutions. It provides details on the key features of each constitution such as the political system, roles of the president and prime minister, structure of the national assembly, and federalism. It notes that the 1956 constitution was the country's first but was never fully implemented as no elections were held. The 1962 constitution established after a military coup centralized power in the presidency.
Constitutional Development of Pakistan.pdfyaseenAliSiyal
1. The Government of India Act 1935 established provincial autonomy in British India and introduced a federal structure comprising British Indian provinces and princely states.
2. It created a federal legislature and federal court and divided legislative powers between the federal and provincial governments. However, significant authority remained with the Governor-General.
3. The Objectives Resolution of 1949 outlined principles to guide the drafting of Pakistan's first constitution, including that sovereignty belongs to Allah, fundamental rights, democracy, equality and justice as per Islamic principles. It established Pakistan as a federation and constitutional democracy.
Pakistan adopted the Government of India Act of 1935 as an interim constitution after independence in 1947. Quaid-e-Azam sought to frame a comprehensive constitution but faced difficulties due to other pressing issues. The first constituent assembly passed the Objectives Resolution in 1949, outlining Pakistan as a democratic Islamic republic. After several amendments and martial laws, the Constitution of 1973 was approved, establishing a parliamentary system. It has since faced multiple amendments that have altered the balance of power between civilian and military institutions.
Pakistan has had four constitutions since its independence in 1947. The 1956 constitution established Pakistan as an Islamic republic and parliamentary democracy. Martial law was imposed in 1958, replacing the 1956 constitution with General Ayub Khan's 1962 constitution, which established a presidential system. The 1973 constitution restored parliamentary democracy but was amended under Zia-ul-Haq to strengthen Islamization. It has since faced multiple amendments affecting the balance of power between civilian and military institutions.
Constitutional development of Pakistan since 1947Shahzaib Chadhar
Pakistan has had four constitutions since its independence in 1947. The 1956 constitution established Pakistan as an Islamic republic and parliamentary democracy. Martial law was imposed in 1958, replacing the 1956 constitution with General Ayub Khan's 1962 constitution, which established a presidential system. The 1973 constitution restored parliamentary democracy but was amended under Zia-ul-Haq to strengthen Islamization. It has since faced multiple amendments altering the balance of power between civilian and military institutions.
The document discusses the constitutional development of Pakistan, including key events and documents such as the Objective Resolution (1949), the Constitution of 1956, and the Constitution of 1973. The Objective Resolution laid out founding principles for Pakistan to be an Islamic democratic state, and served as the basis for subsequent constitutions. The Constitution of 1956 established Pakistan as an Islamic republic with a parliamentary system, but had drawbacks like an imbalance of power between federal and provincial governments. The Constitution of 1973, still in force today, aimed to address issues with previous constitutions.
Constitutional Development from 1947 to 1958S.Saeed H
The document summarizes key constitutional developments in Pakistan from 1947 to 1958. It discusses the interim constitution under the Government of India Act of 1935, the establishment of the first Constituent Assembly, and its work in establishing committees like the Basic Principles Committee. It then outlines the passage of the Objectives Resolution in 1949, the two reports produced by the Basic Principles Committee in 1950 and 1952, the dissolution of the first Constituent Assembly, and the establishment of the second Constituent Assembly. Key issues that hindered constitution-making included representation between East and West Pakistan, regional differences, division of powers, language policy, form of government, and defining the nature of the state.
Pakistan Constitutional History 1956 to 1973FaHaD .H. NooR
Abrogation of 1956’s constitution and Imposition of Martial Law (1958)
Introduction of Basic Democracies by Mr. Ayub Khan (1959)
Formulation of 1962’s Constitution
Constitution of 1962
Salient features of 1962’s Constitution
Abrogation of the 1962’s Constitution & Imposition of Martial law by Mr. Yahya Khan (1969)
1973 Constitution
The document summarizes key constitutional developments in Pakistan from 1947 to 1958. It discusses the interim constitution based on the Government of India Act 1935, the establishment of the first Constituent Assembly led by Jinnah, and the passage of the Objectives Resolution in 1949 which defined Pakistan as a democratic Muslim state. It also outlines the two reports produced by the Basic Principles Committee on the constitution in 1950 and 1952, which disagreed on representation between East and West Pakistan. The second Constituent Assembly was established in 1955 and passed the One Unit bill, finally adopting the first constitution in 1956 which was implemented in 1957. Key problems in the constitution-making process included disagreements over representation and the nature of the federation between East and
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PAK301- Pakistan Studies- Lecture 20
1. Lecture 20
Pak301
The 1962 Constitution
1. Background
2. Constitution-making
3. Salient Features
1: Background
Military took over on 7 October 1958 and consequently Ayub Khan became Chief Martial
Law Administrator. One major task was to frame a new Constitution. The administration was
critical of Parliamentary system because it caused instability in the past. They sought stability of
the nation in the gradual development of democracy.
2: Constitution Making
The government introduced Basic Democracies in October 1959. Under this system
Forty Thousand basic democrats (local councilors) were to be elected in each province. They
have to perform functions as local government and their role in developmental work. They also
acted as an electoral college for the election of president and the national assembly.
Elections for the Basic Democracies (BD) were held in December 1959 and January
1960. Then Presidential referendum was held by the elected BD members on February 17, 1960.
A Constitutional Commission was established in February 1960 under the chairmanship
of Justice Shahabuddin, former Chief Justice. The tasks assigned to the Commission were:
• To examine the causes of failure of Parliamentary system.
• Recommend a new system keeping in view the
(a) genius of people
(b) standard of education
(c) internal conditions of the country
(d) need of development
Commission presented its report in May 1961 after then two committees reviewed it.
Under the report of these committees the new Constitution was drafted.
Ayub announced the Constitution on March 1, 1962. Elections to the National Assembly
(NA) and Provincial Assemblies (PAs) were held in April and May 1962 respectively.
The new Constitution was enforced on June 8, 1962. Martial Law was withdrawn. The
new Constitution was consisted of 250 articles, 5 schedules.
3: Salient Features of the Constitution
1: Title of the State
Republic and Islamic Republic
2: Presidential System
A Powerful President who was responsible for administration and affairs of the state. He
should be a Muslim, at least 40 years of age, should be qualified to be a member of NA. He
would be elected through indirect elections for a period of five years.
If he has held office for more than 8 years, he could seek reelection with the approval of
the NA and the PAs.
National Assembly was given the power to impeach the president, however it was difficult
to achieve.
President could dissolve the NA but in that case he must seek re-election.
Powers of the President:
President was the Focal point of all the Executive, Legislative and Judicial powers. Cabinet was
responsible to him. All key appointments were to be made by President. He could issue
Ordinances. He could also declare State of Emergency in the country.
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2. 3: National Assembly (NA)
NA was consisted of one house on the basis of principle of parity between two wings of
the country. There were 150 seats plus 6 seats were reserved for women. All were elected
indirectly. For the membership minimum age limit was 25 years.
Legislative Powers:
NA had all the powers of law making but law was to be finally ratified by the president.
President could sign, reject or return the bill.
Financial Powers
Financial Powers of NA were limited. Only new expenditure could be voted. NA could not reject
Consolidate Fund List and Recurring Expenditure.
4: Federalism
There were two provinces of the federation: East Pakistan and West Pakistan.
Only one list of subjects, i.e. the Central list was given in the constitution.
Provincial Governments
Governors were head of the provinces and govern the province with his cabinet.
Provincial governments were directly under the control of President.
There was a strong center with a Powerful President. He had enough powers to manage
provincial affairs. In case of emergency powers Central government could take direct control of
the province.
5. Principles of Policy
• National solidarity would be observed.
• Interests of backward people would be looked after.
• Opportunities for participation in national life.
• Education and well being of people.
• Islam would be implemented in day to day life.
6: Fundamental Rights
Fundamental Rights were provided in the constitution.
7: Political Parties
Originally Political Parties were not allowed.
Political Parties Act was introduced in 1962.
Islamic Provisions
Objectives Resolution was the Preamble of the Constitution. Other Islamic provisions were a part
of Principles of Policy and not the constitution.
Advisory Council for Islamic Ideology
An Advisory Council for Islamic Ideology was made in the constitution having 5-12 members. It
was a recommendatory body.
Islamic Research Institute
It was designed for the Research and instructions in Islam for assisting the reconstruction of
Muslim society on truly Islamic lines.
Working of the Constitution
Constitution remained enforced from June 8, 1962 to March 25, 1969.
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