ๅฐŠๆ•ฌ็š„ ๅพฎไฟกๆฑ‡็Ž‡๏ผš1ๅ†† โ‰ˆ 0.046166 ๅ…ƒ ๆ”ฏไป˜ๅฎๆฑ‡็Ž‡๏ผš1ๅ†† โ‰ˆ 0.046257ๅ…ƒ [้€€ๅ‡บ็™ปๅฝ•]
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Presented by,
S.Nandhini
I- M.sc(CS&IT)
Nadar Saraswathi College of Arts & Science,
Theni.
๏‚ง The symbol notation used to describe the
microoperation transfer among register.
๏‚ง >> The use of symbols instead of a narrative
explanation provides an organized and concise
manner.
๏‚ง A convenient tool for describing the internal
organization of digital computers in concise and
precise manner.
REGISTER TRANSFER LANGUAGE
REGISTER TRANSFER
REGISTER:
๏ƒผ Designated by capital Letter(sometimes followed
by numerals):MAR(memory address
register),PC(program counter),IR(instruction
register),RI(processor register).
๏ƒผ The numbering of bits in a 16 โ€“bit register:marked
on top of the box
๏ƒผ A 16-bit register partitioned into two parts:bit0-
7(symbol โ€Lโ€low byte),bit8-15(symbol โ€œHโ€ high
byte)
REGISTER TRANSFER
๏ถInformation transfer from one register to
another.(transfer of the content of register
R1 into register R2).
๏ถ >>The content of the source register R1
does not change after the transfer.
Basic symbols for register transfer:
SYMBOL DESCRIPTION EXAMPLES
Letter(and numerals) Denotes a register MAR,R2
parentheses( ) Denotes a part of a
register
R2(0-7),R2(L)
Arrow ๏ƒŸ
Denotes transfer of
information
R2๏ƒŸR1
Comma,
Separates two
microoperation
R2๏ƒŸR1,R1๏ƒŸR2
BUS AND MEMORY TRANSFER
BUS:
If a computer has 16 register, each holding 32 bits.
A bus is a single shared set of wires connecting all
registers.
BUS TRANSFER IN RTL
Depending on whether the bus is to be mentioned
explicitly or not, register transfer can be indicated as
either
R2๏ƒŸR1
or
BUS๏ƒŸR1,R2๏ƒŸBUS
In the former case the bus is implicit ,but in the latter, it
is explicitly indicated.
MEMORY TRANSFER
๏ƒผCollectively,the memory is viewed at the
register level as a device,M.
๏ƒผSince it contains multiple locations,we must
specify which address in memory we will be
using.
๏ƒผThis is done by indexing memory reference.
๏ƒผ The memory address register(MAR or AR).
๏ƒ˜When memory is accessed , the contents of
the MAR get sent to the memory unitโ€™s
address lines.
MEMORY
UNIT
READ
WRITE
AR
Data
out
DATA IN
THANK YOUโ€ฆ.

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Register Transfer Language,Bus and Memory Transfer

  • 1. Presented by, S.Nandhini I- M.sc(CS&IT) Nadar Saraswathi College of Arts & Science, Theni.
  • 2. ๏‚ง The symbol notation used to describe the microoperation transfer among register. ๏‚ง >> The use of symbols instead of a narrative explanation provides an organized and concise manner. ๏‚ง A convenient tool for describing the internal organization of digital computers in concise and precise manner. REGISTER TRANSFER LANGUAGE
  • 3. REGISTER TRANSFER REGISTER: ๏ƒผ Designated by capital Letter(sometimes followed by numerals):MAR(memory address register),PC(program counter),IR(instruction register),RI(processor register). ๏ƒผ The numbering of bits in a 16 โ€“bit register:marked on top of the box ๏ƒผ A 16-bit register partitioned into two parts:bit0- 7(symbol โ€Lโ€low byte),bit8-15(symbol โ€œHโ€ high byte)
  • 4. REGISTER TRANSFER ๏ถInformation transfer from one register to another.(transfer of the content of register R1 into register R2). ๏ถ >>The content of the source register R1 does not change after the transfer.
  • 5. Basic symbols for register transfer: SYMBOL DESCRIPTION EXAMPLES Letter(and numerals) Denotes a register MAR,R2 parentheses( ) Denotes a part of a register R2(0-7),R2(L) Arrow ๏ƒŸ Denotes transfer of information R2๏ƒŸR1 Comma, Separates two microoperation R2๏ƒŸR1,R1๏ƒŸR2
  • 6. BUS AND MEMORY TRANSFER BUS: If a computer has 16 register, each holding 32 bits. A bus is a single shared set of wires connecting all registers.
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  • 8. BUS TRANSFER IN RTL Depending on whether the bus is to be mentioned explicitly or not, register transfer can be indicated as either R2๏ƒŸR1 or BUS๏ƒŸR1,R2๏ƒŸBUS In the former case the bus is implicit ,but in the latter, it is explicitly indicated.
  • 9. MEMORY TRANSFER ๏ƒผCollectively,the memory is viewed at the register level as a device,M. ๏ƒผSince it contains multiple locations,we must specify which address in memory we will be using. ๏ƒผThis is done by indexing memory reference. ๏ƒผ The memory address register(MAR or AR).
  • 10. ๏ƒ˜When memory is accessed , the contents of the MAR get sent to the memory unitโ€™s address lines. MEMORY UNIT READ WRITE AR Data out DATA IN
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