Presentation by Hu Suk Lee at the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) annual meeting in Southeast Asia, Hanoi, Vietnam, 30 November 2016.
This document discusses using an electronic integrated disease surveillance system (EIDSS) to forecast Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) outbreak risks in Kazakhstan. EIDSS strengthened disease monitoring within a One Health approach. Analysis of human, vector, and laboratory data from 2007-2011 predicted CCHF risk maps for 2013, which accurately forecasted outbreak risks for 88.9% of historically affected districts. The results demonstrate EIDSS is a reliable tool for CCHF prognosis and risk management that can help decision-making and expand statistical surveillance within a systematic One Health framework.
Introduction of African swine fever activities in VietnamILRI
Presentation by Hu Suk Lee at an international workshop on veterinary epidemiology hosted by the Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, South Korea, 17 June 2020.
Implementing A Network Of Virology And Entomology Laboratories For A OH Appro...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
This document summarizes the MediLabSecure project, which aims to create a network of virology and entomology laboratories in the Mediterranean and Black Sea regions to improve surveillance of vector-borne and respiratory viruses using a One Health approach. The project will enhance preparedness for health emergencies by strengthening laboratory capacity for diseases like West Nile virus, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, Rift Valley fever, coronaviruses, and their vectors. It will provide training, promote best practices, and facilitate collaboration between 55 laboratories across 19 countries from 2014-2017 with funding from the European Union.
Institut Pasteur: An International Partner To Implement One Health Maria VA...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
The Institut Pasteur has a long history of implementing a One Health approach to address emerging infectious diseases. It has worked jointly with animal and human health sectors on diseases such as rabies, H5N1, and MERS-CoV through activities like field investigations, laboratory training, and vaccine development. While One Health approaches have been adopted in policies, local implementation remains a challenge due to issues like limited resources, sectoral barriers, and communication difficulties. The Institut Pasteur aims to strengthen One Health by expanding multisectoral collaborations during outbreak responses and translating findings into improved public health protocols.
This document provides an overview of the One Health Asia Programme (OHAP) implemented by Relief International from 2014-2016 in Afghanistan, Bangladesh, and Nepal. The objectives were to reduce zoonotic diseases and their impact through awareness, prevention, and integrated surveillance. Key activities included forming committees, training community health workers and teachers, developing educational materials, and establishing collaborations between communities, universities and government agencies. Challenges included conflict, poverty, population growth, and fully engaging government ownership; however, the community engagement and institutional structures aimed to strengthen the long-term One Health approach.
Antimicrobial Resistance A One Health Challenge for Joint Action Ekaterina Bessonova
1. Antimicrobial resistance is a major global public health threat that requires a One Health approach and joint action across human, animal, and environmental sectors.
2. Key international organizations like FAO, OIE, and WHO have been collaborating for over 20 years to address antimicrobial resistance through activities like establishing guidelines, supporting country capacity building, and developing global and national action plans.
3. National action plans should focus on improving awareness and surveillance systems, optimizing antimicrobial use, and conducting research to address knowledge gaps, with a goal of ensuring sustainable and coordinated responses to antimicrobial resistance as a shared challenge.
Miranda effective surveillance for rabies elimination 2016 miranda for subm...Perez Eric
Effective surveillance strategies are needed for human and canine rabies elimination programs. Traditional surveillance involves systematically collecting and analyzing health information from official reports, hospital records, and laboratories. Innovative surveillance leverages non-traditional sources like social media and community reporting to detect outbreaks faster. A One Health approach integrating human, animal, and environmental surveillance is important for zoonotic diseases like rabies. Regional cooperation is also critical for rabies elimination given the risk of reintroduction from neighboring endemic countries. Surveillance guidelines and cross-border control strategies can support coordinated regional rabies elimination efforts.
This document discusses using a One Health approach and consensus PCR to develop a new diagnostic paradigm for detecting unknown illnesses. It summarizes work done through the PREDICT project, which used low-tech surveillance methods to safely sample over 56,000 animals across Asia and Africa. This led to the detection of 812 novel and 147 known viruses in animals, and 3 novel and 31 known viruses in humans. The approach aims to preempt disease emergence at its source in a cost-effective manner. It has enhanced field and lab capacities globally and built intersectoral cooperation between governments.
This document discusses using an electronic integrated disease surveillance system (EIDSS) to forecast Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) outbreak risks in Kazakhstan. EIDSS strengthened disease monitoring within a One Health approach. Analysis of human, vector, and laboratory data from 2007-2011 predicted CCHF risk maps for 2013, which accurately forecasted outbreak risks for 88.9% of historically affected districts. The results demonstrate EIDSS is a reliable tool for CCHF prognosis and risk management that can help decision-making and expand statistical surveillance within a systematic One Health framework.
Introduction of African swine fever activities in VietnamILRI
Presentation by Hu Suk Lee at an international workshop on veterinary epidemiology hosted by the Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, South Korea, 17 June 2020.
Implementing A Network Of Virology And Entomology Laboratories For A OH Appro...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
This document summarizes the MediLabSecure project, which aims to create a network of virology and entomology laboratories in the Mediterranean and Black Sea regions to improve surveillance of vector-borne and respiratory viruses using a One Health approach. The project will enhance preparedness for health emergencies by strengthening laboratory capacity for diseases like West Nile virus, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, Rift Valley fever, coronaviruses, and their vectors. It will provide training, promote best practices, and facilitate collaboration between 55 laboratories across 19 countries from 2014-2017 with funding from the European Union.
Institut Pasteur: An International Partner To Implement One Health Maria VA...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
The Institut Pasteur has a long history of implementing a One Health approach to address emerging infectious diseases. It has worked jointly with animal and human health sectors on diseases such as rabies, H5N1, and MERS-CoV through activities like field investigations, laboratory training, and vaccine development. While One Health approaches have been adopted in policies, local implementation remains a challenge due to issues like limited resources, sectoral barriers, and communication difficulties. The Institut Pasteur aims to strengthen One Health by expanding multisectoral collaborations during outbreak responses and translating findings into improved public health protocols.
This document provides an overview of the One Health Asia Programme (OHAP) implemented by Relief International from 2014-2016 in Afghanistan, Bangladesh, and Nepal. The objectives were to reduce zoonotic diseases and their impact through awareness, prevention, and integrated surveillance. Key activities included forming committees, training community health workers and teachers, developing educational materials, and establishing collaborations between communities, universities and government agencies. Challenges included conflict, poverty, population growth, and fully engaging government ownership; however, the community engagement and institutional structures aimed to strengthen the long-term One Health approach.
Antimicrobial Resistance A One Health Challenge for Joint Action Ekaterina Bessonova
1. Antimicrobial resistance is a major global public health threat that requires a One Health approach and joint action across human, animal, and environmental sectors.
2. Key international organizations like FAO, OIE, and WHO have been collaborating for over 20 years to address antimicrobial resistance through activities like establishing guidelines, supporting country capacity building, and developing global and national action plans.
3. National action plans should focus on improving awareness and surveillance systems, optimizing antimicrobial use, and conducting research to address knowledge gaps, with a goal of ensuring sustainable and coordinated responses to antimicrobial resistance as a shared challenge.
Miranda effective surveillance for rabies elimination 2016 miranda for subm...Perez Eric
Effective surveillance strategies are needed for human and canine rabies elimination programs. Traditional surveillance involves systematically collecting and analyzing health information from official reports, hospital records, and laboratories. Innovative surveillance leverages non-traditional sources like social media and community reporting to detect outbreaks faster. A One Health approach integrating human, animal, and environmental surveillance is important for zoonotic diseases like rabies. Regional cooperation is also critical for rabies elimination given the risk of reintroduction from neighboring endemic countries. Surveillance guidelines and cross-border control strategies can support coordinated regional rabies elimination efforts.
This document discusses using a One Health approach and consensus PCR to develop a new diagnostic paradigm for detecting unknown illnesses. It summarizes work done through the PREDICT project, which used low-tech surveillance methods to safely sample over 56,000 animals across Asia and Africa. This led to the detection of 812 novel and 147 known viruses in animals, and 3 novel and 31 known viruses in humans. The approach aims to preempt disease emergence at its source in a cost-effective manner. It has enhanced field and lab capacities globally and built intersectoral cooperation between governments.
Surveillance and early warning systems for climate sensitive diseases in VietnamILRI
Presentation by Hung Nguyen-Viet, Hu Suk Lee, PD Phuc, NV Khong, HM Thanh, BN Vuong, NV Huyen, Johanna Lindahl, Bernard Bett, Fred Unger and Delia Grace at the 3rd annual progress reporting and coordinating meeting on CCAFS projects and climate-smart village implementation in Southeast Asia, Hanoi, Vietnam, 20–22 November 2017.
OS20 - Evaluation of a brucellosis control strategy in small ruminants in Bos...EuFMD
This document summarizes a study that evaluated the costs and benefits of Brucella melitensis control strategies in small ruminants in Bosnia and Herzegovina. An epidemiological and economic model was used to compare an applied vaccination program to a test-and-slaughter strategy. The cost-benefit analysis over an eight-year period found that the vaccination program required 75% less funds but did not reduce prevalence below 1% at the herd level, while the test-and-slaughter strategy was more effective at reducing prevalence but required more financial resources. Based on the outcomes, a vaccination strategy was determined to be the optimal control decision from veterinary, economic, and human health perspectives.
1. The director of the EMCDDA discussed the evolution of HIV, drugs, and risk behavior in Europe based on lessons learned over decades. New HIV infections attributed to injecting drug use have declined significantly since the 1990s due to effective drug treatment and prevention programs.
2. However, regional disparities remain, and new outbreaks have been linked to stimulant use and new psychoactive substances. Maintaining prevention services and reaching vulnerable groups who are not in care will be important to address ongoing challenges.
3. Going forward, the EMCDDA aims to maintain understanding of drug use trends, identify new health threats to support rapid responses, promote effective interventions, and support policy development - all to contribute to
Yamakawa ta ds in japan (fftc workshop in manila)201607Perez Eric
Makoto Yamakawa from the National Institute of Animal Health in Japan presented on important transboundary animal diseases in Japan. Recent outbreaks since 2000 include foot-and-mouth disease in 2000 and 2010, and highly pathogenic avian influenza in 2004, 2007, 2010-2011, and 2014-2015. Foot-and-mouth disease is one of the most important infectious diseases for livestock and causes economic damage. The 2010 outbreak in Miyazaki prefecture involved 292 infected farms with over 211,000 culled animals. Japan has implemented strict control measures including stamping out, movement restrictions, emergency vaccination, and compensation to successfully contain outbreaks and regain disease-free status from the OIE.
The Philippines successfully eradicated foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) through a multi-pronged strategy between 1998-2008. Key elements included strengthening animal movement controls, intensifying disease surveillance and monitoring, administering over 150 million vaccine doses, and deploying a compliance monitoring team to quickly detect and contain outbreaks. A progressive zoning approach divided the country into low-risk protected zones and higher-risk infected zones to arrest the spread of the disease. Political support, coordinated implementation, and stakeholder participation were essential to the program's success in validating the Philippines' FMD-free status.
A survey on prevention of zoonotic emerging infectious disease in provinces i...ILRI
Presented by Mai Van Hiep, Cao Bao Van and Duong Nguyen Khang to the Progress Meeting on Ecosystem Approaches to the Better Management of Zoonotic Emerging Infectious Diseases in the South East Asian Region, Bangkok, 10-13 December 2011.
OS20 - Bovine ephemeral fever in the European neighbourhood between 2015 and ...EuFMD
1. A survey was conducted of 270 veterinarians from 21 countries neighboring the EU on their knowledge and experience with Bovine Ephemeral Fever (BEF) between 2015-2019. The majority of respondents were official veterinarians.
2. Results showed BEF occurrence was reported in many countries, especially during summer and autumn months. Surveillance and diagnostic capacity for BEF varied between countries.
3. Respondents felt more training was needed on BEF epidemiology, diagnosis and control. Few countries had active surveillance, vaccination programs or classified BEF as a notifiable disease.
A NEW APPROACH ON OUTBREAK INVESTIGATIONS FOR THE CONTROL OF FOOT-AND-MOUTH D...EuFMD
This document describes Turkey's new approach to investigating foot-and-mouth disease outbreaks, which involves prioritizing outbreaks into three levels and implementing specific measures for each level. A standard operating procedure was developed outlining a three-stage outbreak investigation plan. Over 200 suspected outbreaks were investigated between 2019-2020, with most being confirmed, and some receiving more in-depth level II or III investigations. The new outbreak investigation and clinical surveillance schemes were implemented nationwide through training led by Turkey's General Directorate of Food and Control and the European Commission for the Control of Foot-and-Mouth Disease. This improved approach aims to further eliminate foot-and-mouth disease in Turkey.
This document discusses lessons learned from the government response to recent animal disease outbreaks in Assam, India. It identifies 10 key learnings, including the importance of building veterinary services' capacity to use data for decisions, decentralizing decision-making to quickly contain diseases, and conducting multistakeholder capacity building for improved communication. The poster describes the government response to outbreaks of African Swine Fever and Lumpy Skin Disease amidst the COVID-19 pandemic and natural disasters in Assam.
OS20 - Risk factors associated with FMD endemicity in eastern Rwanda. - Jea...EuFMD
The document summarizes a study investigating risk factors for foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) outbreaks in eastern Rwanda. The study found that 40.15% of farmers did not vaccinate calves under 12 months of age, which was associated with increased FMD outbreaks. Having sheep and goats on the same farm was also linked to higher chances of outbreaks. Surprisingly, farms further from the park fence experienced more FMD than those adjacent, possibly due to less impact from transboundary animal movements after the park was fenced in 2013. The study recommends expanding vaccination programs to target both older and younger cattle.
Presentation by Sarah Rodgers, Professor of Health Informatics, University of Liverpool: Digital opportunities within academia at ECO: Digital Health in the North on Wednesday 27 September at Kings House Conference Centre, Manchester
This document summarizes a risk mapping project in Georgia that aimed to improve risk assessment of foot-and-mouth disease introduction and spread. Several risk factors were identified including live animal markets, migration, export, and import. Districts across Georgia were involved based on these factors. The study found higher animal mobility and risk in Eastern Georgia compared to other areas, confirming the focus of control efforts there. Future risk maps of neighboring countries will allow for better disease risk predictions and targeted control measures.
HealthMap.org: Aggregation of Online Media Reports for Global Infectious Dise...Forum One
Clark Freifeld, co-creator of HealthMap.org, discusses the potential of his Google Map mashup of publically-available RSS feeds (and tools like it) for improving the early reporting of infections diseases around the world. More information at http://ow.ly/oYll . Contact: Suzanne Rainey / srainey@ForumOne.com .
Mirjam Maeusezahl: Joint External Evaluations (JEE) – Country experiences: Sw...THL
The document discusses Switzerland's participation in the Joint External Evaluation (JEE) conducted by the World Health Organization. It provides details on Switzerland's implementation of the International Health Regulations, the timeline and milestones of the JEE process, and lessons learned. Key results showed room for improvement in antimicrobial resistance detection and response as well as strengthening surveillance systems for zoonotic diseases. Switzerland adapted the WHO National Action Plan template to monitor progress in addressing JEE recommendations internally.
OS20 - How do you define a foot-and-mouth disease outbreak in an endemic cont...EuFMD
Local government veterinarians in Nakuru County, Kenya described foot-and-mouth disease outbreaks as either "controlled" or "persistent", but there was no clear, standardized definition used. Data collected from various government sources and organizations showed inconsistencies in how outbreaks were categorized and reported nationally. Without a uniform definition of what constitutes an outbreak, disease control programs may be based on inaccurate data and discussions about control efforts cannot be properly harmonized.
Earth observation applications in Index-based Livestock Insurance (IBLI): Cha...ILRI
This document discusses using earth observation data and satellite imagery to help design index-based livestock insurance (IBLI) programs in Sub-Saharan Africa. IBLI programs use satellite-derived indicators of forage availability to automatically payout insurance when drought causes forage scarcity. Over 20,000 contracts have been sold in Kenya and Ethiopia. However, there are opportunities to improve IBLI programs by using new earth observation data and indicators, better mapping of rangelands, and linking vegetation data to livestock production through tools like livestock detection and grazing pattern mapping. Mobile technologies could also help close information gaps in pastoral areas through bundled data collection and dissemination services.
Surveillance and early warning systems for climate sensitive diseases in Viet...ILRI
Presentation by Hung Nguyen-Viet, Hu Suk Lee and Delia Grace at the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) Flagship 2 science meeting, New York, USA, 17 October 2016.
Surveillance and early warning systems for climate sensitive diseases in VietnamILRI
Presentation by Hung Nguyen-Viet, Hu Suk Lee, PD Phuc, NV Khong, HM Thanh, BN Vuong, NV Huyen, Johanna Lindahl, Bernard Bett, Fred Unger and Delia Grace at the 3rd annual progress reporting and coordinating meeting on CCAFS projects and climate-smart village implementation in Southeast Asia, Hanoi, Vietnam, 20–22 November 2017.
OS20 - Evaluation of a brucellosis control strategy in small ruminants in Bos...EuFMD
This document summarizes a study that evaluated the costs and benefits of Brucella melitensis control strategies in small ruminants in Bosnia and Herzegovina. An epidemiological and economic model was used to compare an applied vaccination program to a test-and-slaughter strategy. The cost-benefit analysis over an eight-year period found that the vaccination program required 75% less funds but did not reduce prevalence below 1% at the herd level, while the test-and-slaughter strategy was more effective at reducing prevalence but required more financial resources. Based on the outcomes, a vaccination strategy was determined to be the optimal control decision from veterinary, economic, and human health perspectives.
1. The director of the EMCDDA discussed the evolution of HIV, drugs, and risk behavior in Europe based on lessons learned over decades. New HIV infections attributed to injecting drug use have declined significantly since the 1990s due to effective drug treatment and prevention programs.
2. However, regional disparities remain, and new outbreaks have been linked to stimulant use and new psychoactive substances. Maintaining prevention services and reaching vulnerable groups who are not in care will be important to address ongoing challenges.
3. Going forward, the EMCDDA aims to maintain understanding of drug use trends, identify new health threats to support rapid responses, promote effective interventions, and support policy development - all to contribute to
Yamakawa ta ds in japan (fftc workshop in manila)201607Perez Eric
Makoto Yamakawa from the National Institute of Animal Health in Japan presented on important transboundary animal diseases in Japan. Recent outbreaks since 2000 include foot-and-mouth disease in 2000 and 2010, and highly pathogenic avian influenza in 2004, 2007, 2010-2011, and 2014-2015. Foot-and-mouth disease is one of the most important infectious diseases for livestock and causes economic damage. The 2010 outbreak in Miyazaki prefecture involved 292 infected farms with over 211,000 culled animals. Japan has implemented strict control measures including stamping out, movement restrictions, emergency vaccination, and compensation to successfully contain outbreaks and regain disease-free status from the OIE.
The Philippines successfully eradicated foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) through a multi-pronged strategy between 1998-2008. Key elements included strengthening animal movement controls, intensifying disease surveillance and monitoring, administering over 150 million vaccine doses, and deploying a compliance monitoring team to quickly detect and contain outbreaks. A progressive zoning approach divided the country into low-risk protected zones and higher-risk infected zones to arrest the spread of the disease. Political support, coordinated implementation, and stakeholder participation were essential to the program's success in validating the Philippines' FMD-free status.
A survey on prevention of zoonotic emerging infectious disease in provinces i...ILRI
Presented by Mai Van Hiep, Cao Bao Van and Duong Nguyen Khang to the Progress Meeting on Ecosystem Approaches to the Better Management of Zoonotic Emerging Infectious Diseases in the South East Asian Region, Bangkok, 10-13 December 2011.
OS20 - Bovine ephemeral fever in the European neighbourhood between 2015 and ...EuFMD
1. A survey was conducted of 270 veterinarians from 21 countries neighboring the EU on their knowledge and experience with Bovine Ephemeral Fever (BEF) between 2015-2019. The majority of respondents were official veterinarians.
2. Results showed BEF occurrence was reported in many countries, especially during summer and autumn months. Surveillance and diagnostic capacity for BEF varied between countries.
3. Respondents felt more training was needed on BEF epidemiology, diagnosis and control. Few countries had active surveillance, vaccination programs or classified BEF as a notifiable disease.
A NEW APPROACH ON OUTBREAK INVESTIGATIONS FOR THE CONTROL OF FOOT-AND-MOUTH D...EuFMD
This document describes Turkey's new approach to investigating foot-and-mouth disease outbreaks, which involves prioritizing outbreaks into three levels and implementing specific measures for each level. A standard operating procedure was developed outlining a three-stage outbreak investigation plan. Over 200 suspected outbreaks were investigated between 2019-2020, with most being confirmed, and some receiving more in-depth level II or III investigations. The new outbreak investigation and clinical surveillance schemes were implemented nationwide through training led by Turkey's General Directorate of Food and Control and the European Commission for the Control of Foot-and-Mouth Disease. This improved approach aims to further eliminate foot-and-mouth disease in Turkey.
This document discusses lessons learned from the government response to recent animal disease outbreaks in Assam, India. It identifies 10 key learnings, including the importance of building veterinary services' capacity to use data for decisions, decentralizing decision-making to quickly contain diseases, and conducting multistakeholder capacity building for improved communication. The poster describes the government response to outbreaks of African Swine Fever and Lumpy Skin Disease amidst the COVID-19 pandemic and natural disasters in Assam.
OS20 - Risk factors associated with FMD endemicity in eastern Rwanda. - Jea...EuFMD
The document summarizes a study investigating risk factors for foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) outbreaks in eastern Rwanda. The study found that 40.15% of farmers did not vaccinate calves under 12 months of age, which was associated with increased FMD outbreaks. Having sheep and goats on the same farm was also linked to higher chances of outbreaks. Surprisingly, farms further from the park fence experienced more FMD than those adjacent, possibly due to less impact from transboundary animal movements after the park was fenced in 2013. The study recommends expanding vaccination programs to target both older and younger cattle.
Presentation by Sarah Rodgers, Professor of Health Informatics, University of Liverpool: Digital opportunities within academia at ECO: Digital Health in the North on Wednesday 27 September at Kings House Conference Centre, Manchester
This document summarizes a risk mapping project in Georgia that aimed to improve risk assessment of foot-and-mouth disease introduction and spread. Several risk factors were identified including live animal markets, migration, export, and import. Districts across Georgia were involved based on these factors. The study found higher animal mobility and risk in Eastern Georgia compared to other areas, confirming the focus of control efforts there. Future risk maps of neighboring countries will allow for better disease risk predictions and targeted control measures.
HealthMap.org: Aggregation of Online Media Reports for Global Infectious Dise...Forum One
Clark Freifeld, co-creator of HealthMap.org, discusses the potential of his Google Map mashup of publically-available RSS feeds (and tools like it) for improving the early reporting of infections diseases around the world. More information at http://ow.ly/oYll . Contact: Suzanne Rainey / srainey@ForumOne.com .
Mirjam Maeusezahl: Joint External Evaluations (JEE) – Country experiences: Sw...THL
The document discusses Switzerland's participation in the Joint External Evaluation (JEE) conducted by the World Health Organization. It provides details on Switzerland's implementation of the International Health Regulations, the timeline and milestones of the JEE process, and lessons learned. Key results showed room for improvement in antimicrobial resistance detection and response as well as strengthening surveillance systems for zoonotic diseases. Switzerland adapted the WHO National Action Plan template to monitor progress in addressing JEE recommendations internally.
OS20 - How do you define a foot-and-mouth disease outbreak in an endemic cont...EuFMD
Local government veterinarians in Nakuru County, Kenya described foot-and-mouth disease outbreaks as either "controlled" or "persistent", but there was no clear, standardized definition used. Data collected from various government sources and organizations showed inconsistencies in how outbreaks were categorized and reported nationally. Without a uniform definition of what constitutes an outbreak, disease control programs may be based on inaccurate data and discussions about control efforts cannot be properly harmonized.
Earth observation applications in Index-based Livestock Insurance (IBLI): Cha...ILRI
This document discusses using earth observation data and satellite imagery to help design index-based livestock insurance (IBLI) programs in Sub-Saharan Africa. IBLI programs use satellite-derived indicators of forage availability to automatically payout insurance when drought causes forage scarcity. Over 20,000 contracts have been sold in Kenya and Ethiopia. However, there are opportunities to improve IBLI programs by using new earth observation data and indicators, better mapping of rangelands, and linking vegetation data to livestock production through tools like livestock detection and grazing pattern mapping. Mobile technologies could also help close information gaps in pastoral areas through bundled data collection and dissemination services.
Surveillance and early warning systems for climate sensitive diseases in Viet...ILRI
Presentation by Hung Nguyen-Viet, Hu Suk Lee and Delia Grace at the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) Flagship 2 science meeting, New York, USA, 17 October 2016.
Communications practices for livestock genetics for AfricaILRI
This document outlines best practices for communicating about livestock genetics research in Africa. It recommends building trust with audiences by listening to concerns, sharing values, and establishing a vision. Key strategies include mapping boundary partners, communicating consistently, using multiple formats, repeating messages, focusing on problem size, ensuring open access, removing jargon, combining facts with stories, establishing safety as the top priority, and emphasizing the international and long-term nature of the research. The goal is to engage citizens through transparent and accessible communication to ensure support for important genetic research.
Dairy systems for smallholders in poor countries: Options for improving livel...ILRI
This document discusses options for improving livelihoods through dairy systems for smallholders in poor countries. It notes that dairy production has overtaken rice as one of the top five most valuable global commodities. It also highlights that huge increases in cereal, dairy, and meat production will be needed by 2050 to meet demand. For many smallholder farmers and landless people in developing nations, livestock are crucial for livelihoods, providing food, income, insurance, and fertilizer. The "hub approach" promotes improving milk production and marketing systems for smallholders through support for transportation, cooling facilities, artificial insemination services, farmer groups, and related organizations. Expanding access to dairy can benefit nutrition, health, gender equity,
Enhancing milk quality and consumption for improved income and nutrition in R...ILRI
Presentation by Emily Ouma, Valerie Flax, Edgar Twine, Olivier Kamana and Julie Kariuki at the project inception workshop, Kigali, Rwanda, 7 March 2017
Well come to Itm Bangalore picture gallerysarvarkhan
ITM Bangalore is a college located in Bangalore, India. This page provides a picture gallery of the college, likely showing photos of the campus, classrooms, facilities, and student activities. The gallery aims to give visitors a visual overview of the college through photographic images.
ILRI Tick Unit: Local research with global impactILRI
The document discusses ticks and tick-borne diseases, providing information over several areas:
1. Ticks cause billions in economic losses annually through disease transmission, reduced productivity, and other impacts.
2. The ILRI Tick Unit maintains various tick colonies and infrastructure to conduct research on ticks and tick-borne diseases affecting livestock in Africa.
3. Current projects at the Tick Unit include vaccine research, studies of tick-host interactions, genetics, and developing models to understand tick-borne pathogens.
Psychometric evaluation involves using standardized psychological tests to gather information about a patient's behavior, cognitive abilities, and personality. The tests are intended to complement information from a psychiatric evaluation by providing additional descriptive data. Key principles for psychological tests include reliability, validity, and standardization to ensure tests are consistently measuring what they are intended to measure. Common types of tests assess intelligence, academic achievement, personality, interests, and neuropsychological functioning.
Clinic Standardization & Model Replicationrenjmat
The document provides suggestions for standardizing and replicating clinical models across multiple locations. It recommends documenting assessment and therapy modules, including indications, contraindications, professionals to consult, and specific packages. Clinics should prepare manuals and provide ongoing training on assessment, evaluation, and therapy techniques. Regular review and feedback from clients, therapists, and team meetings can help improve services and achieve standardization goals.
O documento discute spyware, keyloggers e screenloggers. Define spyware como programas que monitoram atividades e enviam informações para terceiros, podendo ser usados de forma legítima ou maliciosa. Explica o que são keyloggers, que gravam tudo o que é digitado, e screenloggers, que armazenam posições de cursor e tela. Por fim, fornece dicas de como se proteger, como manter antivírus atualizado e usar firewall.
1ª atividade - Relações Métricas no Triângulo RetânguloGabriela Maretti
1. Paulo esticou um fio de bandeirinhas de 3,5m até o topo de um poste de 4,5m. Sabendo que Paulo mede 1,70m, a distância que ficou do pé do poste foi de 2,1m.
2. O documento apresenta 6 problemas de matemática relacionados a relações métricas em triângulos retângulos e figuras geométricas. As respostas aos problemas variam de distâncias, velocidades e medidas de segmentos e estruturas.
Established in 1998 with the objective to promote the unique cultural and historical heritage of Europe, the Historic Hotels of Europe organization is a gold standard prestigious network of over 400 unique hotels with outstanding accommodation to experience hospitality in its purest tradition.
Партнерская программа. Как и чем привлечь новых клиентов?Инфобанк бай
Партнерские программы используют многие розничные банки. Чем же можно «зацепить» сегодняшнего избалованного клиента? Идеей ЗОЖ? Возможностью сэкономить на летнем отдыхе или перелете? А может карточками с изображением культовых героев или нестандартными решениями? Презентация от Натальи Волошиной (Промсвязьбанк)…
Seroprevalence of specific Leptospira serovars in pigs from five provinces in...ILRI
Presentation by Hu Suk Lee, Hung Nguyen-Viet and Delia Grace at the 2016 Conference of Research Workers in Animal Diseases (CRWAD), Chicago, IL, USA, 3–5 December 2016.
Presented by Getnet Assefa (Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research) at the Third ACGG Program Management Team Meeting, Abuja, Nigeria, 2 December 2016
African Chicken Genetic Gains: Tanzania achievements todateILRI
Tanzania has been working to improve local chicken genetics through the African Chicken Genetic Gains program. Key activities include:
1) Conducting a baseline survey of 3,200 households to understand current flock sizes and perceptions. 2) Testing improved chicken breeds like Sasso and Kuroiler on research stations and farms. Preliminary results show the improved breeds have higher weights and egg production.
3) Building capacity through trainings on data collection and hatchery management. 4) Partnering with hatcheries, feed suppliers, and others to help disseminate chickens and inputs.
5) Facing some challenges around timely access to fertile eggs and farmers' ability to afford supplements. Future plans include importing more breeds
This presentation was created for the graduate course Designing Information at Western Oregon University. The process was iterative and continually revised weekly based on new concepts conveyed in the course (e.g. alignment, contrast, font style, message, proximity).
One Health research at ILRI to address neglected tropical diseases, zoonoses ...ILRI
Presentation by Hung Nguyen-Viet, Fred Unger, Hu Suk Lee, Johanna Lindahl, Thang Nguyen, Bernard Bett, Eric Fèvre, Sothyra Tum, Sinh Dang-Xuan, Arshnee Moodley and Delia Grace at a webinar by the One Health Collaborating Center Universitas Gadjah Mada, ‘World Zoonoses Day 2020: Lessons learned and future directions’, 7 July 2020.
Pestforecast: Surveillance and early warning systems for climate sensitive di...ILRI
Pestforecast is a project that aims to develop tools to forecast climate-sensitive diseases in Vietnam. Preliminary results from the project include:
1) Literature reviews on zoonotic diseases and aflatoxins in Vietnam and seasonal patterns of viral encephalitis cases.
2) Surveillance data on Japanese encephalitis and leptospirosis in pigs from 5 provinces, with positive detection rates ranging from 1-23%.
3) Testing of maize samples from 6 provinces found aflatoxin B1 contamination above safety limits in 28-62% of samples depending on province.
4) Future plans include developing a project website, additional manuscripts, GIS mapping, and expanding surveillance and forecasting
Surveillance and early warning systems for climate-sensitive diseases in Viet...ILRI
This project developed early warning systems for climate-sensitive diseases in Vietnam from 2015-2017. Field studies involved collecting swine and maize samples from five provinces to test for diseases. The project achieved developing risk maps and models showing the seasonality and climate associations of diseases. Capacity building activities included epidemiology and GIS training. Challenges included lack of existing surveillance systems and resources for implementing the developed warning tools.
Participatory epidemiology in animal and human healthILRI
Hendrickx, S. and Pissang, C. 2010. Participatory epidemiology in animal and human health. Paper presented at a symposium on intersectoral collaboration between the medical and veterinary professions in low-resource societies, "Where medics and vets join forces”, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium, 5 November 2010.
Laos long-term study on zoonotic parasitic diseases in livestock: Approaches ...ILRI
This document summarizes an ongoing long-term study in Laos on zoonotic parasitic diseases using a cross-sectoral approach. The study aims to assess parasite distribution, improve animal health, reduce health risks, and develop a collaboration platform. An interdisciplinary team from various universities and organizations was established. Literature was reviewed and participatory epidemiology methods were used to engage stakeholders. Initial challenges included narrowing the research focus beyond specific diseases. Moving forward, the study will involve further participatory rural appraisal work, bio-sampling, training, conferences, and networking to strengthen cross-sectoral collaboration on parasitic foodborne diseases in Laos.
The document summarizes Nepal's Avian Influenza Control Project. It outlines the risks of avian influenza in Nepal, including migratory bird flyways and common farming/slaughtering practices. The project's goals are to reduce human infection risk and mitigate health/socioeconomic impacts of an influenza pandemic. Key components include surveillance, quarantine, laboratory capacity building, and communication strategies. An overview of achievements in fiscal year 2065/66 includes policy updates, surveillance/laboratory activities, prevention/containment measures, and health system preparedness in response to A(H1N1)2009 cases.
Public health is dependent on animal health in rural areas because poor animal health directly affects the human food supply. Veterinary public health entails the diagnosis, surveillance, epidemiology, control, prevention and elimination of Zoonoses. Unsatisfactory implementation of stringent disease control, meat inspectorate and drug dispensation legislations prevents the efficient production of food of animal origin; creating obstacles to international trade in animals and animal products and hence an impediment to overall socioeconomic development
HEVnet: Sharing sequences & metadata of hepatitis E virus AgnethaRIVM1
HEVnet network & database.
A global network of scientists sharing molecular & epidemiological data on hepatitis E virus.
Presented by Agnetha Hofhuis, on behalf of HEVnet.
@hev expert meeting ECDC November 2018
Ecosystem approaches to the better management of Brucellosis and Toxoplasma i...ILRI
Presented by YANG Guorong, YANG Xiangdong,YANG Shibiao, LI Wengui, LI Ruisheng,YANG Zhimin, HE YongZhen and FANG Jing to the Progress meeting on Ecosystem approaches to the better management of zoonotic emerging infectious diseases in the South East Asian Region, Bangkok, 10-13 December 2011.
Sustainability and challenges of ecohealth approaches for the management of b...ILRI
Presentation by Wengui Lee, Unger F, Guorong Yang, Xiangdong Yang and Shibiao Yang at the Ecohealth 2014 conference, Montreal, Canada, 11-15 August 2014.
FAO partnerships on health risk and control of influenza and emerging zoonosesTariq Mustafa Mohamed Ali
This document outlines FAO's partnerships and collaborations on controlling influenza and emerging zoonotic diseases, including its work on OFFLU. It discusses FAO's role in the Global Framework for Progressive Control of Transboundary Animal Diseases and the Global Early Warning System. It also provides an overview of OFFLU's objectives, technical expertise areas, and projects. Finally, it describes FAO's collaboration with WHO at the animal-human interface under the One Health approach.
ILRI and ACIAR One Health related research activities in Lao PDRILRI
Presentation by P. Inthavong, B. Khamlome, B. Somoulay, K. Blaszak, A. Okello, H. Holt, K. Graham, J. Allen, P. Durr and J. Gilbert at a One Health symposium conference, Luang Prabang, Laos, 5-6 September 2013.
The Global Leptospirosis Environmental Action Network: Strengthening the publ...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
This document discusses leptospirosis, a bacterial disease impacting public health. It provides statistics on estimated global cases and deaths per year. It describes leptospirosis as having a complex natural history and clinical presentation. Climate change may increase its impact. Two typhoons in the Philippines in 2009 resulted in hundreds of leptospirosis cases. It introduces the Global Leptospirosis Environmental Action Network (GLEAN), a multi-disciplinary international group taking a One Health approach to strengthen leptospirosis prevention and control strategies through increased knowledge sharing and improved early warning systems. GLEAN's goals are reducing disease incidence, determining main drivers, developing predictive tools, and improving confirmation testing, outbreak detection, prepared
One Health in Vietnam: From training and research to policyILRI
Presentation by Phuc Pham-Duc, Fred Unger and Hung-Nguyen Viet at a regional workshop of the ComAcross project, Bangkok, Thailand, 25-27 November 2015.
Participatory rural appraisal of livestock diseases amongst a Fulani communit...ILRI
Presented by Bolajoko, M.B., Moses, G.D., Gambari-Bolajoko, K.O., Ifende, V.I., Emenna, P. and Bala, A. at the PENAPH First Technical Workshop, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 11–13 December 2012.
This document outlines Kenya's progress in establishing a national One Health office through key steps taken from 2005-2012. It describes the formation of technical working groups and task forces to respond to disease outbreaks. A Zoonotic Disease Unit was created in 2011 under a memorandum of agreement between the Ministries of Health and Agriculture. The unit developed a strategic plan and priority disease list to strengthen surveillance, establish partnerships, and conduct research at the human-animal-ecosystem interface. Examples provided include a joint investigation of a human African trypanosomiasis outbreak and a brucellosis prevalence study. The document highlights progress integrating One Health approaches in national policies, guidelines and multi-sectoral outbreak responses in Kenya.
This document discusses disease surveillance networks and provides examples. It begins by defining key concepts like surveillance, emerging diseases, and networks. It then provides examples of successful surveillance networks, including SISEA/Pasteur in Southeast Asia, the Mekong Basin Disease Surveillance network, and tuberculosis surveillance. These networks improved disease detection and response through established nodes, standardized reporting procedures, and capacity building. The document concludes that interconnected surveillance networks can enhance sensitivity and specificity of disease detection compared to isolated efforts.
Similar to Pestforecast: Surveillance and early warning systems for climate sensitive diseases in Vietnam (20)
Small ruminant keepers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards peste des ...ILRI
Presentation by Guy Ilboudo, Abel Sènabgè Biguezoton, Cheick Abou Kounta Sidibé, Modou Moustapha Lo, Zoë Campbell and Michel Dione at the 6th Peste des Petits Ruminants Global Research and Expertise Networks (PPR-GREN) annual meeting, Bengaluru, India, 28–30 November 2023.
Small ruminant keepers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards peste des ...ILRI
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A training, certification and marketing scheme for informal dairy vendors in ...ILRI
Presentation by Silvia Alonso, Jef L. Leroy, Emmanuel Muunda, Moira Donahue Angel, Emily Kilonzi, Giordano Palloni, Gideon Kiarie, Paula Dominguez-Salas and Delia Grace at the Micronutrient Forum 6th Global Conference, The Hague, Netherlands, 16 October 2023.
Milk safety and child nutrition impacts of the MoreMilk training, certificati...ILRI
Poster by Silvia Alonso, Emmanuel Muunda, Moira Donahue Angel, Emily Kilonzi, Giordano Palloni, Gideon Kiarie, Paula Dominguez-Salas, Delia Grace and Jef L. Leroy presented at the Micronutrient Forum 6th Global Conference, The Hague, Netherlands, 16 October 2023.
Preventing the next pandemic: a 12-slide primer on emerging zoonotic diseasesILRI
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help boost feelings of calmness, happiness and focus.
Preventing preventable diseases: a 12-slide primer on foodborne diseaseILRI
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like anxiety and depression.
Preventing a post-antibiotic era: a 12-slide primer on antimicrobial resistanceILRI
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise boosts blood flow, releases endorphins, and promotes changes in the brain which help enhance one's emotional well-being and mental clarity.
Food safety research in low- and middle-income countriesILRI
Presentation by Hung Nguyen-Viet at the first technical meeting to launch the Food Safety Working Group under the One Health Partnership framework, Hanoi, Vietnam, 28 September 2023
The Food Safety Working Group (FSWG) in Vietnam was created in 2015 at the request of the Deputy Prime Minister to address food safety issues in the country. It brings together government agencies, ministries, and development partners to facilitate joint policy dialogue and improve food safety. Over eight years of operations led by different organizations, the FSWG has contributed to various initiatives. However, it faces challenges of diminished government participation over time and dependence on active members. Going forward, it will strengthen its operations by integrating under Vietnam's One Health Partnership framework to better engage stakeholders and achieve policy impacts.
Reservoirs of pathogenic Leptospira species in UgandaILRI
Presentation by Lordrick Alinaitwe, Martin Wainaina, Salome Dürr, Clovice Kankya, Velma Kivali, James Bugeza, Martin Richter, Kristina Roesel, Annie Cook and Anne Mayer-Scholl at the University of Bern Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences Symposium, Bern, Switzerland, 29 June 2023.
Assessing meat microbiological safety and associated handling practices in bu...ILRI
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Practices and drivers of antibiotic use in Kenyan smallholder dairy farmsILRI
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This presentation offers a general idea of the structure of seed, seed production, management of seeds and its allied technologies. It also offers the concept of gene erosion and the practices used to control it. Nursery and gardening have been widely explored along with their importance in the related domain.
Signatures of wave erosion in Titan’s coastsSérgio Sacani
The shorelines of Titan’s hydrocarbon seas trace flooded erosional landforms such as river valleys; however, it isunclear whether coastal erosion has subsequently altered these shorelines. Spacecraft observations and theo-retical models suggest that wind may cause waves to form on Titan’s seas, potentially driving coastal erosion,but the observational evidence of waves is indirect, and the processes affecting shoreline evolution on Titanremain unknown. No widely accepted framework exists for using shoreline morphology to quantitatively dis-cern coastal erosion mechanisms, even on Earth, where the dominant mechanisms are known. We combinelandscape evolution models with measurements of shoreline shape on Earth to characterize how differentcoastal erosion mechanisms affect shoreline morphology. Applying this framework to Titan, we find that theshorelines of Titan’s seas are most consistent with flooded landscapes that subsequently have been eroded bywaves, rather than a uniform erosional process or no coastal erosion, particularly if wave growth saturates atfetch lengths of tens of kilometers.
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Rodents, Birds and locust_Pests of crops.pdfPirithiRaju
Mole rat or Lesser bandicoot rat, Bandicotabengalensis
•Head -round and broad muzzle
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•Prefers damp areas
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•Potential rat, one pair can produce more than 800 offspringsin one year
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It is generally accepted that the Moon accreted from the disk formed by an impact between the proto-Earth and
impactor, but its details are highly debated. Some models suggest that a Mars-sized impactor formed a silicate
melt-rich (vapor-poor) disk around Earth, whereas other models suggest that a highly energetic impact produced a
silicate vapor-rich disk. Such a vapor-rich disk, however, may not be suitable for the Moon formation, because
moonlets, building blocks of the Moon, of 100 m–100 km in radius may experience strong gas drag and fall onto
Earth on a short timescale, failing to grow further. This problem may be avoided if large moonlets (?100 km)
form very quickly by streaming instability, which is a process to concentrate particles enough to cause gravitational
collapse and rapid formation of planetesimals or moonlets. Here, we investigate the effect of the streaming
instability in the Moon-forming disk for the first time and find that this instability can quickly form ∼100 km-sized
moonlets. However, these moonlets are not large enough to avoid strong drag, and they still fall onto Earth quickly.
This suggests that the vapor-rich disks may not form the large Moon, and therefore the models that produce vaporpoor disks are supported. This result is applicable to general impact-induced moon-forming disks, supporting the
previous suggestion that small planets (<1.6 R⊕) are good candidates to host large moons because their impactinduced disks would likely be vapor-poor. We find a limited role of streaming instability in satellite formation in an
impact-induced disk, whereas it plays a key role during planet formation.
Unified Astronomy Thesaurus concepts: Earth-moon system (436)
Anatomy and physiology question bank by Ross and Wilson.
It's specially for nursing and paramedics students.
I hope that you people will get benefits of this book,also share it with your friends and classmates.
Doing practice and get high marks in anatomy and physiology's paper.
SAP Unveils Generative AI Innovations at Annual Sapphire ConferenceCGB SOLUTIONS
At its annual SAP Sapphire conference, SAP introduced groundbreaking generative AI advancements and strategic partnerships, underscoring its commitment to revolutionizing business operations in the AI era. By integrating Business AI throughout its enterprise cloud portfolio, which supports the world's most critical processes, SAP is fostering a new wave of business insight and creativity.
Discovery of Merging Twin Quasars at z=6.05Sérgio Sacani
We report the discovery of two quasars at a redshift of z = 6.05 in the process of merging. They were
serendipitously discovered from the deep multiband imaging data collected by the Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC)
Subaru Strategic Program survey. The quasars, HSC J121503.42−014858.7 (C1) and HSC J121503.55−014859.3
(C2), both have luminous (>1043 erg s−1
) Lyα emission with a clear broad component (full width at half
maximum >1000 km s−1
). The rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) absolute magnitudes are M1450 = − 23.106 ± 0.017
(C1) and −22.662 ± 0.024 (C2). Our crude estimates of the black hole masses provide log 8.1 0. ( ) M M BH = 3
in both sources. The two quasars are separated by 12 kpc in projected proper distance, bridged by a structure in the
rest-UV light suggesting that they are undergoing a merger. This pair is one of the most distant merging quasars
reported to date, providing crucial insight into galaxy and black hole build-up in the hierarchical structure
formation scenario. A companion paper will present the gas and dust properties captured by Atacama Large
Millimeter/submillimeter Array observations, which provide additional evidence for and detailed measurements of
the merger, and also demonstrate that the two sources are not gravitationally lensed images of a single quasar.
Unified Astronomy Thesaurus concepts: Double quasars (406); Quasars (1319); Reionization (1383); High-redshift
galaxies (734); Active galactic nuclei (16); Galaxy mergers (608); Supermassive black holes (1663)
BIRDS DIVERSITY OF SOOTEA BISWANATH ASSAM.ppt.pptxgoluk9330
Ahota Beel, nestled in Sootea Biswanath Assam , is celebrated for its extraordinary diversity of bird species. This wetland sanctuary supports a myriad of avian residents and migrants alike. Visitors can admire the elegant flights of migratory species such as the Northern Pintail and Eurasian Wigeon, alongside resident birds including the Asian Openbill and Pheasant-tailed Jacana. With its tranquil scenery and varied habitats, Ahota Beel offers a perfect haven for birdwatchers to appreciate and study the vibrant birdlife that thrives in this natural refuge.
BIRDS DIVERSITY OF SOOTEA BISWANATH ASSAM.ppt.pptx
Pestforecast: Surveillance and early warning systems for climate sensitive diseases in Vietnam
1. Pestforecast
Surveillance and early warning systems for
climate sensitive diseases in Vietnam
Hu Suk Lee (DVM, PhD)
Post-doc scientist
CCAFS annual meeting in Southeast Asia
Hanoi, Vietnam, 30 November 2016
2. Pestforecast
Key research issues
•Develop and disseminate maps of hotspots of
climate-sensitive diseases (CSDs)
•Develop a real-time prediction system for
CSDs
•Develop weather-based forecasting for
aflatoxin mitigation in Vietnam
Partners
•MARD (DAH and PPD) & MOH (GDPM)
•NIVR (veterinary institute): animal diseases
•PPRI (plant institute): plant diseases
•Hanoi School of Public health and NIHE:
human diseases
•IMHEN (MONRE): climate data
•Provincial DARDs and DOHs
Japanese encephalitis
- A vector-borne virus disease
- 3 billion people live in endemic areas
- Fatality rate reached 60% in humans
- Pigs are the main amplifying hosts
Leptospirosis
- A bacterial disease, outbreak is associated
with heavy rainfall
- Fatality rate from 5% to 30% in humans
- Rodents, pigs, horses, dogs and
sheep/goats
are the common reservoirs.
Aflatoxin-associated diseases
- Toxin produced by Aspergillus spp.
- Fungi infect crops and animals via feed
- Responsible for around 1 in 4 human cases
of live cancer
10. Annual incidence rates for lepto and VE in humans
*Previous study showed that 17~71% of VE were caused by JE in Vietnam
11. Seasonality of VE in humans between 2004 and 2013
(Dien Bien, Hoa Binh, Lai Chau and Son La)
*Previous study showed that 17~71% of VE were caused by JE in Vietnam
4-5 times
higher than
Feb
12. JE results in pigs - NIVR
JE OD
< 0.2 --> Negative
0.2-0.4 --> Suspected
> 0.4 --> Positive
13. Samples positive with Leptospires
Province Samples Positive % Pos
Hanoi 390 37 9.49
Daklak 385 27 7.01
Nghe An 380 30 7.89
Son La 384 27 7.03
An Giang 420 36 8.57
Total 1,959 157 8.01
Leptospirosis results in pigs - NIVRLeptospirosis results in pigs - NIVR
14.
15. Aflatoxin B1 in Maize - PPRI
Max. acceptable level for aflatoxins in each
country
5 ppb - Vietnam (human) , (animal feed X)
20 ppb - USA
4 ppb – EU
10 ppb – Kenya
Province
(Hu:An)
Tested
samples
Positive
samples
(>5 ppb)
Positive %
With 95% CI
Positive
samples
(>20 ppb)
Positive %
With 95% CI
Hanoi
(13:384)
397
(327)
163 41.06
(36.18-46.07)
15 3.78
(2.13-6.16)
An Giang
(131:268)
400
(197)
64 16
(12.5-20.0)
3 0.75
(0.15-2.18)
Dak Lak
(184:195)
389
(336)
13 3.34
(1.79-5.65)
0 0
Dong Nai
(194:201)
395
(356)
157 39.75
(34.89-44.76)
7 1.77
(0.72-3.62)
Nghe An
(3:391)
394
(229)
87 62.69
(57.70-67.48)
12 3.05
(1.58-5.26)
Son La
(0:395)
395
(334)
203 51.39
(46.34-56.42)
4 1.01
(0.28-2.57)
Total 2,370
(1,779)
687 28.99
(27.17-30.86)
41 1.73
(1.24-2.34)
16. Research contributions
• New knowledge on CSDs pattern & climate changes
- Human diseases associated with climate variability from secondary
data (JE, shigellosis, dengue and malaria)
- New data on animal and plant diseases (JE, leptospirosis and
aflatoxins) at national scale for the first time in Vietnam
• Event-based surveillance and response to CSDs are
established and functional
- To raise awareness of CSDs among farmers and farm-related
workers based on our findings (such as risk maps and prediction
models)
• One Health research partnership is established
- Trans-disciplinary team working with other stakeholders at local level
to work on animal and plant pests, ensuring the application of tools
developed to reduce/prevent the CSDs in the future
17. Main knowledge-related challenges
• Surveillance and early warning systems tools
- Reliability of risk maps/prediction models for application
• Lack of national data & pushed back on the priority
list
- Human, animal, plant disease data: lack of diagnostic methods
and under-reporting
- Climate sensitive diseases (mainly zoonotic diseases) vs. human
diseases: lack of awareness among farmers and policy
makers
• Limited recourses and awareness to implement tools
- Most farmers are smallholders and poor, little investment for
preventive measures (such JE vaccination) in humans/animals
18. Future plans for 2017
• Building a website: update on the progress of Pestforecast (wiki)
• Master student (VNUA): aflatoxin B1 in Maize
• Conference of research workers in animal diseases (CRWAD)
in Chicago: Dec 5 2016 -> presentation (lepto in pig)
• Developing more manuscripts using secondary datasets as well
as Pestforecast data: prediction models and risk maps
• Sampling during the rainy season in Vietnam for 2017
• CCAFS dairy production project in Indonesia (~ April 2019)
- Partner: Wageningen University (Funded by Dutch government)
- Reduce greenhouse gas emission from dairy cattle
- Development of prediction models/risk maps on climate sensitive diseases