Small ruminant keepers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards peste des petits ruminants and its control in West Africa: Case studies from Burkina Faso, Mali and Senegal

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Presentation by Guy Ilboudo, Abel Sènabgè Biguezoton, Cheick Abou Kounta Sidibé, Modou Moustapha Lo, Zoë Campbell and Michel Dione at the 6th Peste des Petits Ruminants Global Research and Expertise Networks (PPR-GREN) annual meeting, Bengaluru, India, 28–30 November 2023.

Small ruminant keepers’
knowledge, attitudes, and
practices towards peste des petits
ruminants and its control in West
Africa: Case studies from Burkina
Faso, Mali and Senegal
6th PPR Global Research and Expertise Network (PPR-GREN) annual meeting
Bengaluru, India, 28–30 November 2023
Guy Ilboudo1, Abel Sènabgè Biguezoton2, Cheick Abou Kounta Sidibé 3,
Modou Moustapha Lo4, Zoë Campbell5 and Michel Dione 6
1ILRI, Burkina Faso, 2 Centre international de Recherche-Développement sur l’Elevage en zone
Subhumide, Burkina Faso; 3 Laboratoire Central Vétérinaire, Mali; 4 Institut Sénégalais de
Recherche Agricole, Senegal; 5 ILRI, Kenya; 6 ILRI, Senegal

6th PPR-GREN Meeting 28th-30th November 2023
Poster Highlights
Burkina Faso Mali Senegal
Have you heard about PPR disease ?
Yes 1199 (81%) 992 (67%) 136 (92%)
No 289 (19%) 499 (34%) 127 (9%)
Many small ruminant keepers
have heard about PPR in the 3
countries….
…. But most of them do not
recognize main PPR clinical signs
Fig 1: How do you recognize PPR? (% respondents)
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
0.35
0.4
0.45
0.5
Burkina Faso Mali Senegal
Don't know Nose discharge Diarrhea Eye discharge
Others Coughing Oral erosion Sudden death
Weight loss Difficult breathing Abortion

6th PPR-GREN Meeting 28th-30th November 2023
…. small ruminant keepers do apply the basic measures in case of PPR
suspicion : isolate sick animals, use of antibiotics to prevent small
ruminant diseases, etc…
Poster Highlights
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
Burkina Faso Mali Senegal
Veterinarian Vaccinate ModernMed
Isolate Nothing Neighbour
TraditionalMed Other Sell
Fig 3: What do you do if you suspect PPR in your flock?
(% respondents)
Fig 3: What do you do to prevent small ruminant disease? (% respondents)
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8
Burkina Faso
Mali
Senegal
Herbal Nothing Other
Nutritional suplementation Dewormings Antibiotics
Vaccination

6th PPR-GREN Meeting 28th-30th November 2023
Highest knowledge of PPR
vaccine was reported in Burkina
Faso
Need for increasing
awareness regarding PPR
and control strategies
amongst livestock keepers.
Poster Highlights
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
Senegal Mali Burkina Faso
Yes No

6th PPR-GREN Meeting 28th-30th November 2023
Poster Highlights
Acknowledgements

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Aquaculture is one of the fastest growing agriculture sectors in the world, providing food and nutritional security to millions of people. However, disease outbreaks are a constraint to aquaculture production, thereby affecting the socio-economic status of people in many countries. Due to intensive farming practices, infectious diseases are a major problem in finfish and shellfish aquaculture, causing heavy loss to farmers (Austin & Sharifuzzaman, 2022). For instance Bacterial fish diseases are responsible for a huge annual loss estimated at USD 6 billion in 2014, and this figure has increased to 9.58 in 2020 globally. Disease control in the aquaculture industry has been achieved using various methods, including traditional means, synthetic chemicals and antibiotics. In the 1970s and 1980s oxolinic acid, oxytetracycline (OTC), furazolidone, potential sulphonamides (sulphadiazine and trimethoprim) and amoxicillin were the most commonly used antibiotics in fish farming (Amenyogbe et al., 2020). However, the indiscriminate use of antibiotics in disease control has led to selective pressure of antibiotic resistance in bacteria, a property that may be readily transferred to other bacteria (Bondad‐Reantaso et al., 2023a). Traditional methods are ineffective against controlling new disease in large aquaculture systems. Therefore, alternative methods need to be developed to maintain a healthy microbial environment in aquaculture systems, thereby maintaining the health of the cultured organisms.

Ross Wilson solved MCQS (Watan Dost).pdf

Khyber medical university Peshawar

Signatures of wave erosion in Titan’s coasts

Sérgio Sacani

The shorelines of Titan’s hydrocarbon seas trace flooded erosional landforms such as river valleys; however, it isunclear whether coastal erosion has subsequently altered these shorelines. Spacecraft observations and theo-retical models suggest that wind may cause waves to form on Titan’s seas, potentially driving coastal erosion,but the observational evidence of waves is indirect, and the processes affecting shoreline evolution on Titanremain unknown. No widely accepted framework exists for using shoreline morphology to quantitatively dis-cern coastal erosion mechanisms, even on Earth, where the dominant mechanisms are known. We combinelandscape evolution models with measurements of shoreline shape on Earth to characterize how differentcoastal erosion mechanisms affect shoreline morphology. Applying this framework to Titan, we find that theshorelines of Titan’s seas are most consistent with flooded landscapes that subsequently have been eroded bywaves, rather than a uniform erosional process or no coastal erosion, particularly if wave growth saturates atfetch lengths of tens of kilometers.

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Discovery of Merging Twin Quasars at z=6.05

Sérgio Sacani

We report the discovery of two quasars at a redshift of z = 6.05 in the process of merging. They were serendipitously discovered from the deep multiband imaging data collected by the Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) Subaru Strategic Program survey. The quasars, HSC J121503.42−014858.7 (C1) and HSC J121503.55−014859.3 (C2), both have luminous (>1043 erg s−1 ) Lyα emission with a clear broad component (full width at half maximum >1000 km s−1 ). The rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) absolute magnitudes are M1450 = − 23.106 ± 0.017 (C1) and −22.662 ± 0.024 (C2). Our crude estimates of the black hole masses provide log 8.1 0. ( ) M M BH  =  3 in both sources. The two quasars are separated by 12 kpc in projected proper distance, bridged by a structure in the rest-UV light suggesting that they are undergoing a merger. This pair is one of the most distant merging quasars reported to date, providing crucial insight into galaxy and black hole build-up in the hierarchical structure formation scenario. A companion paper will present the gas and dust properties captured by Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array observations, which provide additional evidence for and detailed measurements of the merger, and also demonstrate that the two sources are not gravitationally lensed images of a single quasar. Unified Astronomy Thesaurus concepts: Double quasars (406); Quasars (1319); Reionization (1383); High-redshift galaxies (734); Active galactic nuclei (16); Galaxy mergers (608); Supermassive black holes (1663)

The Limited Role of the Streaming Instability during Moon and Exomoon Formation

Sérgio Sacani

It is generally accepted that the Moon accreted from the disk formed by an impact between the proto-Earth and impactor, but its details are highly debated. Some models suggest that a Mars-sized impactor formed a silicate melt-rich (vapor-poor) disk around Earth, whereas other models suggest that a highly energetic impact produced a silicate vapor-rich disk. Such a vapor-rich disk, however, may not be suitable for the Moon formation, because moonlets, building blocks of the Moon, of 100 m–100 km in radius may experience strong gas drag and fall onto Earth on a short timescale, failing to grow further. This problem may be avoided if large moonlets (?100 km) form very quickly by streaming instability, which is a process to concentrate particles enough to cause gravitational collapse and rapid formation of planetesimals or moonlets. Here, we investigate the effect of the streaming instability in the Moon-forming disk for the first time and find that this instability can quickly form ∼100 km-sized moonlets. However, these moonlets are not large enough to avoid strong drag, and they still fall onto Earth quickly. This suggests that the vapor-rich disks may not form the large Moon, and therefore the models that produce vaporpoor disks are supported. This result is applicable to general impact-induced moon-forming disks, supporting the previous suggestion that small planets (<1.6 R⊕) are good candidates to host large moons because their impactinduced disks would likely be vapor-poor. We find a limited role of streaming instability in satellite formation in an impact-induced disk, whereas it plays a key role during planet formation. Unified Astronomy Thesaurus concepts: Earth-moon system (436)

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一比一原版(macewan学位证书)加拿大麦科文大学毕业证如何办理

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Small ruminant keepers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards peste des petits ruminants and its control in West Africa: Case studies from Burkina Faso, Mali and Senegal

1. Small ruminant keepers’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards peste des petits ruminants and its control in West Africa: Case studies from Burkina Faso, Mali and Senegal 6th PPR Global Research and Expertise Network (PPR-GREN) annual meeting Bengaluru, India, 28–30 November 2023 Guy Ilboudo1, Abel Sènabgè Biguezoton2, Cheick Abou Kounta Sidibé 3, Modou Moustapha Lo4, Zoë Campbell5 and Michel Dione 6 1ILRI, Burkina Faso, 2 Centre international de Recherche-Développement sur l’Elevage en zone Subhumide, Burkina Faso; 3 Laboratoire Central Vétérinaire, Mali; 4 Institut Sénégalais de Recherche Agricole, Senegal; 5 ILRI, Kenya; 6 ILRI, Senegal

2. 6th PPR-GREN Meeting 28th-30th November 2023 Poster Highlights Burkina Faso Mali Senegal Have you heard about PPR disease ? Yes 1199 (81%) 992 (67%) 136 (92%) No 289 (19%) 499 (34%) 127 (9%) Many small ruminant keepers have heard about PPR in the 3 countries…. …. But most of them do not recognize main PPR clinical signs Fig 1: How do you recognize PPR? (% respondents) 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5 Burkina Faso Mali Senegal Don't know Nose discharge Diarrhea Eye discharge Others Coughing Oral erosion Sudden death Weight loss Difficult breathing Abortion

3. 6th PPR-GREN Meeting 28th-30th November 2023 …. small ruminant keepers do apply the basic measures in case of PPR suspicion : isolate sick animals, use of antibiotics to prevent small ruminant diseases, etc… Poster Highlights 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 Burkina Faso Mali Senegal Veterinarian Vaccinate ModernMed Isolate Nothing Neighbour TraditionalMed Other Sell Fig 3: What do you do if you suspect PPR in your flock? (% respondents) Fig 3: What do you do to prevent small ruminant disease? (% respondents) 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 Burkina Faso Mali Senegal Herbal Nothing Other Nutritional suplementation Dewormings Antibiotics Vaccination

4. 6th PPR-GREN Meeting 28th-30th November 2023 Highest knowledge of PPR vaccine was reported in Burkina Faso Need for increasing awareness regarding PPR and control strategies amongst livestock keepers. Poster Highlights 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 Senegal Mali Burkina Faso Yes No

5. 6th PPR-GREN Meeting 28th-30th November 2023 Poster Highlights Acknowledgements

6. THANK YOU

Small ruminant keepers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards peste des petits ruminants and its control in West Africa: Case studies from Burkina Faso, Mali and Senegal

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