This document contains the code for simulating different CPU scheduling algorithms including FCFS, SJF, and priority scheduling. It includes the code to input process details like name, arrival time, and burst time. It then calculates start time, waiting time, turnaround time, and response time for each process. The average waiting time and average turnaround time are also calculated at the end for each algorithm.
The document discusses CPU scheduling in Windows operating systems. It covers scheduling algorithms used in different versions of Windows like Windows 3.1x, 95, NT, XP, 7, and 8. The key points discussed are:
- Windows uses a pre-emptive, priority-based scheduler with 32 priority levels and multi-level queues.
- The dispatcher determines thread execution order based on priority class and relative priority within class.
- Interactive threads get priority boosts after waits to improve response time.
- The foreground process in Windows XP gets preferential treatment over background processes.
- Later versions introduced improvements like user-mode scheduling and CPU cycle-based scheduling.
This program allows a user to collect personal, educational, and professional information from a candidate to automatically generate a resume in rich text format (RTF). The program includes controls to dynamically add additional educational courses and work experiences. It collects information such as name, date of birth, address, education history, work experience, skills and generates an RTF resume file with the collected information.
Memory management handles allocation of memory to processes and tracks used and free memory. It uses techniques like paging, segmentation, and dynamic allocation from a heap. Paging maps logical addresses to physical pages, avoiding external fragmentation. Segmentation divides memory into logical segments of varying sizes. Dynamic allocation fulfills requests from the heap, managing free blocks and avoiding fragmentation and memory leaks.
1. Process management is an integral part of operating systems for allocating resources, enabling information sharing, and protecting processes. The OS maintains data structures describing each process's state and resource ownership.
2. Processes go through discrete states and events can cause state changes. Scheduling selects processes to run from ready, device, and job queues using algorithms like round robin, shortest job first, and priority scheduling.
3. CPU scheduling aims to maximize utilization and throughput while minimizing waiting times using criteria like response time, turnaround time, and fairness between processes.
The document describes programs to implement various operations on singly linked lists including insertion, deletion, counting nodes, creating a list, traversing a list, and copying a list. It provides functions for insertion at the beginning, end, and before/after a given node. Deletion functions remove from the beginning, end, or by item value. Counting returns the total nodes or occurrences of a value. Traversal and copying print or duplicate the list.
Type conversion in C provides two methods: implicit type conversion which occurs automatically during expressions, and explicit type conversion using cast expressions. Implicit conversion occurs when different types are used in expressions, such as when an int is used in a calculation with a float. The usual arithmetic conversions implicitly promote operands to the smallest type that can accommodate both values. Explicit casting uses cast operators to force a type conversion.
1. Arrays allow storing of multiple elements of the same data type under a single name. They can be one-dimensional, two-dimensional, or multi-dimensional. Strings are arrays of characters terminated by a null character.
2. Common array operations include declaring and initializing arrays, accessing elements using indexes, and performing element-by-element operations. Strings have specialized functions for operations like length calculation, copying, comparison and concatenation.
3. Pointers allow working with arrays by reference rather than value and are useful for passing arrays to functions. Structures group together different data types under one name and unions allow storing different data types in the same memory space.
The document discusses CPU scheduling in Windows operating systems. It covers scheduling algorithms used in different versions of Windows like Windows 3.1x, 95, NT, XP, 7, and 8. The key points discussed are:
- Windows uses a pre-emptive, priority-based scheduler with 32 priority levels and multi-level queues.
- The dispatcher determines thread execution order based on priority class and relative priority within class.
- Interactive threads get priority boosts after waits to improve response time.
- The foreground process in Windows XP gets preferential treatment over background processes.
- Later versions introduced improvements like user-mode scheduling and CPU cycle-based scheduling.
This program allows a user to collect personal, educational, and professional information from a candidate to automatically generate a resume in rich text format (RTF). The program includes controls to dynamically add additional educational courses and work experiences. It collects information such as name, date of birth, address, education history, work experience, skills and generates an RTF resume file with the collected information.
Memory management handles allocation of memory to processes and tracks used and free memory. It uses techniques like paging, segmentation, and dynamic allocation from a heap. Paging maps logical addresses to physical pages, avoiding external fragmentation. Segmentation divides memory into logical segments of varying sizes. Dynamic allocation fulfills requests from the heap, managing free blocks and avoiding fragmentation and memory leaks.
1. Process management is an integral part of operating systems for allocating resources, enabling information sharing, and protecting processes. The OS maintains data structures describing each process's state and resource ownership.
2. Processes go through discrete states and events can cause state changes. Scheduling selects processes to run from ready, device, and job queues using algorithms like round robin, shortest job first, and priority scheduling.
3. CPU scheduling aims to maximize utilization and throughput while minimizing waiting times using criteria like response time, turnaround time, and fairness between processes.
The document describes programs to implement various operations on singly linked lists including insertion, deletion, counting nodes, creating a list, traversing a list, and copying a list. It provides functions for insertion at the beginning, end, and before/after a given node. Deletion functions remove from the beginning, end, or by item value. Counting returns the total nodes or occurrences of a value. Traversal and copying print or duplicate the list.
Type conversion in C provides two methods: implicit type conversion which occurs automatically during expressions, and explicit type conversion using cast expressions. Implicit conversion occurs when different types are used in expressions, such as when an int is used in a calculation with a float. The usual arithmetic conversions implicitly promote operands to the smallest type that can accommodate both values. Explicit casting uses cast operators to force a type conversion.
1. Arrays allow storing of multiple elements of the same data type under a single name. They can be one-dimensional, two-dimensional, or multi-dimensional. Strings are arrays of characters terminated by a null character.
2. Common array operations include declaring and initializing arrays, accessing elements using indexes, and performing element-by-element operations. Strings have specialized functions for operations like length calculation, copying, comparison and concatenation.
3. Pointers allow working with arrays by reference rather than value and are useful for passing arrays to functions. Structures group together different data types under one name and unions allow storing different data types in the same memory space.
The document contains 10 programs related to sorting and graph algorithms. Program 1-7 implement different sorting algorithms - insertion sort, selection sort, heap sort, quick sort, counting sort, merge sort and radix sort. Program 8 implements the greedy knapsack problem. Program 9 implements the travelling salesman problem. Program 10 implements Kruskal's algorithm to find the minimum spanning tree of a graph.
The document discusses various conditional statements in C language including if, if-else, nested if-else, ladder else-if, switch case statements. It provides syntax and examples to check eligibility, find the greatest among numbers, print day name from number. Goto statement is also covered which is used to directly jump to a label in a program. Break and continue statements help control loop execution.
This document contains review questions and solutions regarding decision making and branching concepts in C programming from Chapter 5. It includes questions on if/else statements, switch statements, logical operators, and evaluating expressions. Sample programs test various branching logic and output values of variables based on conditional expressions.
The document summarizes the COCOMO model for estimating software development costs and effort. It discusses the three forms of COCOMO - basic, intermediate, and detailed. The basic model uses effort multipliers and loc to estimate effort and schedule. The intermediate model adds 15 cost drivers. The detailed model further adds a three-level product hierarchy and phase-sensitive effort multipliers to provide more granular estimates. Examples are provided to illustrate effort and schedule estimates for different project modes and sizes using the basic and intermediate COCOMO models.
This document contains 22 code programs submitted by Ankit Dixit to his instructor Ms. Achhardeep Kaur for her class. The programs demonstrate various C++ concepts like conditional statements, loops, functions, arrays, pointers, structures, classes and objects. Example programs include checking if a number is even or odd, finding the greatest of three numbers, generating the Fibonacci series, and calculating the area of a rectangle using a class.
C++ is an object-oriented programming language that was created as an extension of C by Bjarne Stroustrup in 1979 at Bell Labs. It supports concepts like inheritance, polymorphism, and encapsulation. C++ is a systems programming language that is commonly used to develop applications that require high performance or require low-level access to hardware. Some key features of C++ include object-oriented programming, functions, arrays, pointers, strings, file handling, and inheritance. C++ allows programmers to write code that is very close to the underlying hardware and has performance advantages over other languages.
The document discusses various CPU scheduling algorithms including first come first served, shortest job first, priority, and round robin. It describes the basic concepts of CPU scheduling and criteria for evaluating algorithms. Implementation details are provided for shortest job first, priority, and round robin scheduling in C++.
Header files contain function and variable definitions that are imported into C++ programs using the #include statement. Header files have a ".h" extension and declare functions and define macros. When a function is used in a C++ program, its definition must be imported from the library by including the appropriate header file. Common header files provide input/output operations (iostream.h), console input/output (conio.h), formatted I/O (iomanip.h), strings (string.h), mathematics functions (math.h), general purpose functions like memory management (stdlib.h), and random number generation (stdlib.h).
The document discusses file management in C. It defines a file as a collection of related data treated as a single unit by computers. C uses the FILE structure to store file attributes. The document outlines opening, reading, writing and closing files in C using functions like fopen(), fclose(), fread(), fwrite(), fseek(), ftell() and handling errors. It also discusses reading/writing characters using getc()/putc() and integers using getw()/putw() as well as formatted input/output with fscanf() and fprintf(). Random access to files using fseek() is also covered.
System calls provide an interface between processes and the operating system. They allow programs to request services like reading/writing files or communicating over a network. Common system calls include opening/closing files, reading/writing data, process creation/termination, and requesting the current time/date. System calls are grouped into categories like process control, file management, device management, information maintenance, and communications.
Functions allow code to be reused by defining formulas that can be called from different parts of a program. Functions take in inputs, perform operations, and return outputs. They are defined outside of the main body with a function prototype, and can be called multiple times from within main or other functions. This document demonstrates how to define a FindMax function that takes in two numbers, compares them, and returns the maximum number. It shows function prototypes, defining the function outside of main, and calling the function from within main to find the maximum of two user-input numbers.
Introduction to Selection control structures in C++ Neeru Mittal
The document discusses various control structures in C++ that alter the sequential flow of program execution. It describes selection statements like if, if-else which execute code conditionally based on boolean expressions. Iterative statements like for, while, do-while loops repeat code execution. The switch statement provides a selection from multiple options. Control structures allow solving problems by choosing the appropriate combination of decision making and repetition.
A quick tutorial on what debuggers are and how to use them. We present a debugging example using GDB. At the end of this tutorial, you will be able to work your way through a crash and analyze the cause of the error responsible for the crash.
This document discusses various inter-process communication (IPC) types including shared memory, mapped memory, pipes, FIFOs, message queues, sockets, and signals. Shared memory allows processes to directly read and write to the same region of memory, requiring synchronization between processes. Mapped memory permits processes to communicate by mapping the same file into memory. Pipes and FIFOs allow for sequential data transfer between related and unrelated processes. Message queues provide a way for processes to exchange messages via a common queue. Signals are used to asynchronously notify processes of events.
Pipes allow for inter-process communication by connecting the standard output of one process to the standard input of another. Named pipes, also called FIFOs, are similar to pipes but can be accessed using file names. The inode structure for pipes contains fields like wait queues, buffers, and counters for reading/writing processes. Ptrace is a system call that allows a process to debug another by controlling its execution and memory. Sockets provide communication via the network or locally using functions like socket, connect, listen, accept, and send/receive messages as datagrams or streams.
The break and continue statements can be used to control the flow of loops in C programming.
- The break statement causes immediate exit from a loop. Program execution continues after the loop. It is commonly used to escape early from a loop or skip the remainder of a switch structure.
- The continue statement skips the remaining statements in the body of a loop for that iteration and proceeds with the next iteration. In a while or do-while loop, the continuation test is evaluated immediately after continue. In a for loop, the increment expression is executed before the continuation test.
- An example shows using continue in a for loop to skip printing the value 5 and proceed to the next iteration of the loop.
Chapter 5 exercises Balagurusamy Programming ANSI in cBUBT
The document contains algorithms and programs for solving various problems related to decision making and branching in C programming. These include programs to:
1. Determine if a number is even or odd, with and without else statements.
2. Find numbers between 100-200 divisible by 7 and their sum and count.
3. Solve systems of linear equations.
4. Count numbers in various ranges based on given conditions.
5. Check eligibility for admission based on marks criteria.
6. Generate a square root table from 0-9.9.
7. Evaluate a function that returns 1, 0, or -1 based on x's sign.
8. Compute real roots of a quadratic equation.
This document provides an overview and instructions for basic commands and operations in the UNIX operating system. It discusses the kernel and shell structure of UNIX, the file hierarchy, and common commands for file manipulation, processing, and navigation. It also provides a tutorial on the vi text editor, including instructions for basic cursor movement, text insertion, changing, and deletion.
This program implements the First Come First Serve (FCFS) CPU scheduling algorithm in C. It takes the arrival time and service time of each process as input, calculates the start time, finish time, waiting time and turnaround time of each process, and outputs these values along with the average waiting time and average turnaround time. The processes are scheduled in the order of their arrival, with no preemption, following the FCFS principle.
The document contains 10 programs related to sorting and graph algorithms. Program 1-7 implement different sorting algorithms - insertion sort, selection sort, heap sort, quick sort, counting sort, merge sort and radix sort. Program 8 implements the greedy knapsack problem. Program 9 implements the travelling salesman problem. Program 10 implements Kruskal's algorithm to find the minimum spanning tree of a graph.
The document discusses various conditional statements in C language including if, if-else, nested if-else, ladder else-if, switch case statements. It provides syntax and examples to check eligibility, find the greatest among numbers, print day name from number. Goto statement is also covered which is used to directly jump to a label in a program. Break and continue statements help control loop execution.
This document contains review questions and solutions regarding decision making and branching concepts in C programming from Chapter 5. It includes questions on if/else statements, switch statements, logical operators, and evaluating expressions. Sample programs test various branching logic and output values of variables based on conditional expressions.
The document summarizes the COCOMO model for estimating software development costs and effort. It discusses the three forms of COCOMO - basic, intermediate, and detailed. The basic model uses effort multipliers and loc to estimate effort and schedule. The intermediate model adds 15 cost drivers. The detailed model further adds a three-level product hierarchy and phase-sensitive effort multipliers to provide more granular estimates. Examples are provided to illustrate effort and schedule estimates for different project modes and sizes using the basic and intermediate COCOMO models.
This document contains 22 code programs submitted by Ankit Dixit to his instructor Ms. Achhardeep Kaur for her class. The programs demonstrate various C++ concepts like conditional statements, loops, functions, arrays, pointers, structures, classes and objects. Example programs include checking if a number is even or odd, finding the greatest of three numbers, generating the Fibonacci series, and calculating the area of a rectangle using a class.
C++ is an object-oriented programming language that was created as an extension of C by Bjarne Stroustrup in 1979 at Bell Labs. It supports concepts like inheritance, polymorphism, and encapsulation. C++ is a systems programming language that is commonly used to develop applications that require high performance or require low-level access to hardware. Some key features of C++ include object-oriented programming, functions, arrays, pointers, strings, file handling, and inheritance. C++ allows programmers to write code that is very close to the underlying hardware and has performance advantages over other languages.
The document discusses various CPU scheduling algorithms including first come first served, shortest job first, priority, and round robin. It describes the basic concepts of CPU scheduling and criteria for evaluating algorithms. Implementation details are provided for shortest job first, priority, and round robin scheduling in C++.
Header files contain function and variable definitions that are imported into C++ programs using the #include statement. Header files have a ".h" extension and declare functions and define macros. When a function is used in a C++ program, its definition must be imported from the library by including the appropriate header file. Common header files provide input/output operations (iostream.h), console input/output (conio.h), formatted I/O (iomanip.h), strings (string.h), mathematics functions (math.h), general purpose functions like memory management (stdlib.h), and random number generation (stdlib.h).
The document discusses file management in C. It defines a file as a collection of related data treated as a single unit by computers. C uses the FILE structure to store file attributes. The document outlines opening, reading, writing and closing files in C using functions like fopen(), fclose(), fread(), fwrite(), fseek(), ftell() and handling errors. It also discusses reading/writing characters using getc()/putc() and integers using getw()/putw() as well as formatted input/output with fscanf() and fprintf(). Random access to files using fseek() is also covered.
System calls provide an interface between processes and the operating system. They allow programs to request services like reading/writing files or communicating over a network. Common system calls include opening/closing files, reading/writing data, process creation/termination, and requesting the current time/date. System calls are grouped into categories like process control, file management, device management, information maintenance, and communications.
Functions allow code to be reused by defining formulas that can be called from different parts of a program. Functions take in inputs, perform operations, and return outputs. They are defined outside of the main body with a function prototype, and can be called multiple times from within main or other functions. This document demonstrates how to define a FindMax function that takes in two numbers, compares them, and returns the maximum number. It shows function prototypes, defining the function outside of main, and calling the function from within main to find the maximum of two user-input numbers.
Introduction to Selection control structures in C++ Neeru Mittal
The document discusses various control structures in C++ that alter the sequential flow of program execution. It describes selection statements like if, if-else which execute code conditionally based on boolean expressions. Iterative statements like for, while, do-while loops repeat code execution. The switch statement provides a selection from multiple options. Control structures allow solving problems by choosing the appropriate combination of decision making and repetition.
A quick tutorial on what debuggers are and how to use them. We present a debugging example using GDB. At the end of this tutorial, you will be able to work your way through a crash and analyze the cause of the error responsible for the crash.
This document discusses various inter-process communication (IPC) types including shared memory, mapped memory, pipes, FIFOs, message queues, sockets, and signals. Shared memory allows processes to directly read and write to the same region of memory, requiring synchronization between processes. Mapped memory permits processes to communicate by mapping the same file into memory. Pipes and FIFOs allow for sequential data transfer between related and unrelated processes. Message queues provide a way for processes to exchange messages via a common queue. Signals are used to asynchronously notify processes of events.
Pipes allow for inter-process communication by connecting the standard output of one process to the standard input of another. Named pipes, also called FIFOs, are similar to pipes but can be accessed using file names. The inode structure for pipes contains fields like wait queues, buffers, and counters for reading/writing processes. Ptrace is a system call that allows a process to debug another by controlling its execution and memory. Sockets provide communication via the network or locally using functions like socket, connect, listen, accept, and send/receive messages as datagrams or streams.
The break and continue statements can be used to control the flow of loops in C programming.
- The break statement causes immediate exit from a loop. Program execution continues after the loop. It is commonly used to escape early from a loop or skip the remainder of a switch structure.
- The continue statement skips the remaining statements in the body of a loop for that iteration and proceeds with the next iteration. In a while or do-while loop, the continuation test is evaluated immediately after continue. In a for loop, the increment expression is executed before the continuation test.
- An example shows using continue in a for loop to skip printing the value 5 and proceed to the next iteration of the loop.
Chapter 5 exercises Balagurusamy Programming ANSI in cBUBT
The document contains algorithms and programs for solving various problems related to decision making and branching in C programming. These include programs to:
1. Determine if a number is even or odd, with and without else statements.
2. Find numbers between 100-200 divisible by 7 and their sum and count.
3. Solve systems of linear equations.
4. Count numbers in various ranges based on given conditions.
5. Check eligibility for admission based on marks criteria.
6. Generate a square root table from 0-9.9.
7. Evaluate a function that returns 1, 0, or -1 based on x's sign.
8. Compute real roots of a quadratic equation.
This document provides an overview and instructions for basic commands and operations in the UNIX operating system. It discusses the kernel and shell structure of UNIX, the file hierarchy, and common commands for file manipulation, processing, and navigation. It also provides a tutorial on the vi text editor, including instructions for basic cursor movement, text insertion, changing, and deletion.
This program implements the First Come First Serve (FCFS) CPU scheduling algorithm in C. It takes the arrival time and service time of each process as input, calculates the start time, finish time, waiting time and turnaround time of each process, and outputs these values along with the average waiting time and average turnaround time. The processes are scheduled in the order of their arrival, with no preemption, following the FCFS principle.
This document contains 8 C programming code examples demonstrating various scheduling algorithms:
1. First Come First Serve scheduling
2. Non-preemptive Shortest Job First scheduling
3. Round Robin scheduling
4. Priority scheduling
5. Banker's algorithm for deadlock avoidance
6. Producer-consumer problem synchronization
7. Dekker's algorithm for mutual exclusion
Each program example includes comments explaining the algorithm and includes functions to calculate waiting times, turnaround times, and other metrics.
The document describes four different CPU scheduling algorithms: First Come First Serve (FCFS), Shortest Job First (preemptive and non-preemptive), Priority scheduling (non-preemptive), and Round Robin. For each algorithm, pseudocode is provided to simulate the scheduling of processes and calculate metrics like waiting time and turnaround time. The FCFS algorithm calculates these metrics in a straightforward manner based on arrival time and burst time of each process. Shortest Job First simulates sorting processes by burst time and calculating wait times and turnaround times accordingly. Priority scheduling first sorts by priority then calculates metrics. Round Robin simulates time slicing by allocating a time quantum to each process in turn.
Human:
This Operating System lab manual is designed strictly according to BPUT Syllabus.Any suggestions or comments are well come at neelamani.samal@gmail.com
This document contains programs and algorithms for simulating different CPU scheduling algorithms like FCFS, SJF, Priority and Round Robin. It also contains a program for implementing the Producer-Consumer problem using semaphores and an algorithm for implementing optimal page replacement.
This document provides information about an OS lab manual, including definitions of operating systems, computer system components, Windows 2000 architecture and components, and other topics like LDAP, DNS, and Active Directory. Specifically, it defines operating systems, their goals, and components. It describes the Windows 2000 architecture in layers and subsystems. It also explains the Windows 2000 kernel, executive, and subsystems like object manager, virtual memory manager, and process manager.
1. The document provides a lab manual for computer networks and operating systems labs containing 8 programs to implement various networking and security algorithms.
2. The programs include implementing data link layer framing methods, CRC polynomials, Dijkstra's shortest path algorithm, distance vector routing, DES encryption, breaking the DES code, and RSA encryption/decryption.
3. The document contains instructions for 8 programs to implement computer network and security algorithms as part of a lab course covering topics like data link layer, routing, encryption, and public key cryptography.
This document provides an index of 21 coding topics that include performing arithmetic operations, comparison of numbers, compound interest calculation, prime number checking, and palindrome checking. It also includes displaying a Fibonacci series, calculating simple interest, and swapping numbers without using three variables. The index provides the topic name and number for each item.
The document discusses the history and development of artificial intelligence over the past 70 years, from the earliest concepts and experiments in computer-based problem solving to recent advances in machine learning using neural networks. It outlines some of the key milestones in AI research and highlights areas that still present challenges for researchers today.
This document provides instructions for various exercises to be completed as part of an Operating Systems lab manual. It includes exercises on system calls like fork, exec, wait; I/O system calls; simulating commands like ls and grep; scheduling algorithms like FCFS, SJF, priority, round robin; inter-process communication using shared memory, pipes, message queues; the producer-consumer problem using semaphores; and memory management schemes including paging, segmentation, and file allocation techniques. Example code is provided for implementing different memory management algorithms using concepts like free space list, allocated space list, and block merging.
This document provides an overview of virtual memory concepts including segmentation, paging, virtual addresses, linear addresses, physical addresses, page tables, and page directories. It also describes initializing memory management structures like pages and page tables during boot up. Finally, it outlines interfaces for key virtual memory functions like walking the page table, inserting/removing pages, and looking up the physical page for a virtual address.
GUN Make is a tool used to automate the building of executables from source code. It determines which files need to be recompiled based on timestamps and builds the necessary targets. Rules define dependencies and commands to transform files. Variables, macros, conditionals, and functions allow for complex logic and reuse in the makefile. Includes allow splitting makefiles into modular pieces.
Operating System Tutoring #1.
by Aerosystem Software Lab. @ Korea Aerospace Univ.
This is tutoring slide for the students who were not understood well about operating system or fundamentals of computer engineering. This slide may has some misconceptions or inappropriate examples. Any feedback is welcomed.
운영체제 튜터링 #1.
- 항공 소프트웨어 연구실 @ 한국항공대학교
본 슬라이드는 튜터링 강의자료로, 운영체제에 대한 개념이나 컴퓨터공학 기초지식이 부족한 학생들을 기준으로 작성하였습니다. 본 슬라이드에 일부 잘못된 개념이나 부적절한 예시가 포함되어 있을 수도 있습니다. 피드백 환영합니다.
This document outlines the workflow process and structure for encoding video and audio files using FFmpeg. It provides a 10 step standard operating procedure (SOP) for encoding files that includes: 1) including headers, 2) linking libraries, 3) setting up output format, 4) preparing codec structures, 5) setting up video codec, 6) setting up audio codec, 7) opening file descriptor and writing header, 8) writing data packets, 9) closing file descriptor, and 10) calculating presentation timestamp (PTS) values.
The document provides an overview of SSL and OpenSSL. It discusses generating keys and certificates, setting up SSL contexts, creating secure connections, reading/writing data, and handling errors. It also provides code snippets for an echo client and server. The echo server loads a certificate, sets up a listening BIO, accepts connections, and performs handshakes. The handshake process involves a client sending a "hello" message and the server responding with its own parameters to establish encryption.
The document describes designing an online course reservation system using Rational Rose software. The system would allow students to register for courses, view course catalogs, and professors to sign up to teach courses and record grades. It would have four modules: student login, student registration, course registration, and course inquiry. The system was implemented using Visual Basic 6.0, with Access as the backend database. UML diagrams like use case, class, sequence, and deployment diagrams were created to model and design the system. The project was carried out sequentially and resulted in an efficient online course reservation system.
The document summarizes the phases of the software development life cycle (SDLC) and provides details about system requirement specification for an army management system project. It describes the typical phases in SDLC models such as waterfall, spiral, agile etc. It then covers the specific phases in more detail - preliminary analysis, system analysis, design, development, integration and testing, acceptance and deployment, maintenance. Lastly, it discusses system requirement specification, including UML notations, diagrams to be used and provides a brief overview of class diagrams.
This document provides an overview of IPv6 functionality and describes how to build an IPv6 environment. It outlines IPv6 addressing formats including unicast, multicast, anycast, and global unicast addresses. It also explains stateless and stateful autoconfiguration methods for IPv6 hosts to obtain addresses and configure themselves on the network. The document concludes by describing how to set up routers and hosts in IPv6 networks on Linux systems.
Active Directory (AD) is a database management system created by Microsoft that stores information about network components. It allows administrators to manage policies, accounts, programs and updates across a network. AD replaced Windows NT's domain model and provided greater scalability than previous Windows versions. The LDAP directory service protocol was developed to provide a standard way to access directories over a network. It led to the development of directory server software like Microsoft Active Directory that could be implemented by various clients and vendors. Windows NT was a powerful and secure operating system that supported multiple file systems and architectures. It provided user accounts and identity-based security where users could only access resources with the proper authenticated password for their account. Database security involves restricting access to tables and authenticating
This document contains questions and answers about Windows Server 2008. It discusses new features in Windows Server 2008 like the desktop environment and tools from Vista. It describes the different editions of Windows Server 2008 and how child domains create transitive trusts with the root domain. It also addresses functions of domain controllers, TCP/IP configuration tools, Active Directory objects, and deploying DNS servers.
This document provides an overview of operating systems and network operating systems. It defines key terms like systems, networks, operating systems, and network operating systems. It describes features of network operating systems like security, directory services, and file/print services. Examples of remote login and file transfer are provided to illustrate how users can access resources on remote machines. Specific network operating systems like Novell NetWare, Linux, and Windows XP are outlined. The differences between a standard operating system and a network operating system are summarized.
Windows Server 2003 can function as a domain controller, hosting Active Directory which stores security policies, users, and computers for a centralized domain. It can also provide infrastructure services like DNS, DHCP, and legacy WINS name resolution. Administrators can remotely manage Windows Server 2003 using the Microsoft Management Console with snap-ins, web-based administration, or remote desktop. The server requires configuration of networking settings like static IP addressing when providing infrastructure services to the local area network.
This document provides interview questions and answers related to configuring and administering a Windows Server 2003 network with Microsoft Exchange Server 2003. It addresses topics such as required Windows Server 2003 components, preparing an Active Directory forest for Exchange deployment, Exchange processes that communicate with Active Directory, domain controller types accessed by Exchange, and optimizing Exchange 2003 memory usage. Additional questions cover Exchange queue monitoring, standard port numbers, process names, database hosting limits, and NNTP use with Exchange.
Research Assignment For Active DirectoryJessica Myers
This document discusses moving enterprise systems from on-premises to cloud services. Moving to the cloud provides value to corporations for several reasons, as professionals need to focus on activities that drive business rather than maintaining infrastructure. The document examines the benefits of cloud services and how they allow companies to focus on their core competencies.
Windows networks can be configured as either a workgroup or domain model. A workgroup treats each computer as equal peers where users directly access shared resources, while a domain uses a centralized domain controller server to authenticate users and allow single sign-on access to resources across multiple client computers. The domain controller contains user and system access credentials and policies to securely manage the network domain. DNS is the domain name system that translates hostname requests to IP addresses through a hierarchical global namespace and allows networks and Internet resources to be located and identified.
The document proposes a cloud environment for backup and data storage using remote servers that can be accessed through the Internet. It involves using the disks of cluster nodes as a global storage system with PVFS2 parallel file system for improved performance. The proposed system aims to increase data availability and reduce information loss by storing data on a private cloud using PVFS2 and developing a multiplatform client application for fast data transfer. It allows reuse of existing infrastructure to reduce costs and gives users experience of managing a private cloud.
Here are the steps to install an OS from a server to all systems:
1. Create an image of the OS installation: Install the OS on one system with all necessary applications, patches, drivers, etc. Then create an image (snapshot) of the installed system using imaging/ghosting software.
2. Set up a PXE boot server: Install and configure a PXE (Preboot Execution Environment) server on the network. PXE allows systems to boot from the network without local media like CD/DVD.
3. Set up DHCP scope: Configure a DHCP scope/range on the network that will assign PXE client systems a network address and provide the PXE server IP.
Linux and Windows Server CritiqueTeam CPOS 420June 25, 2012.docxSHIVA101531
Linux and Windows Server Critique
Team C
POS 420
June 25, 2012
Yevgeniy Tovshteyn
Linux vs. Windows
Both Linux and Windows are operating systems with advantages and differences in functionality and user friendliness. With networking becoming an important part of company operation in this day and age. Kudler will come to depend on networking for availability to the marketplace via the Internet, while requiring their internal systems for email, Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) phone systems, and using business data. Linux and Windows are the only 2 operating systems that have grown to the top level in the field of networking. Learning Team C examines these types of strengths and weaknesses regarding security, administration, performance, and programming.
Kudler Fine Foods Current Systems:
3 locations: La Jolla, Del Mar, and Encinitas
La Jolla
Novell 4.11 Server for POS
4 POS Workstations with Pentium II, Windows 9X
1 Standalone UPS (Uninterruptable Power Supply)
1 Server with Inventory Spreadsheet with Pentium II, 64mg Ram, Windows 9X, external CD burner and
bubble jet printer.
1 Server with NT Server
1 56K modem
Del Mar
Novell 4.11 Server for POS
4 POS Workstations with Pentium II, Windows 9X
1 Standalone UPS (Uninterruptable Power Supply)
1 Server with Inventory Spreadsheet with Pentium II, 64mg Ram, Windows 9X, external CD burner and
bubble jet printer.
1 Server with NT Server
1 56K modem
Encinitas
Novell 4.11 Server for POS
4 POS Workstations with Pentium II, Windows 9X
1 Standalone UPS (Uninterruptable Power Supply)
1 56K modem
9 Access Databases: Customer, Inventory, Item, Order, Order Line, Store, Supplier, Tax Table, Tender.
It looks like they will need some type of Enterprise Server software and upgrades to their hardware for compatibility purposes.
Security
Overview of Windows Security
Windows security is used in many natural business settings. Windows Server incorporates features such as Encrypting File System (EFS), a feature allowing for encryption/decryption of files and algorithms as well as Access Management and Identity Protection, a feature that protects the policies and processes to control personal and private data. Windows Server uses networking security to combat viruses and provide network stability. Windows Server also uses secure messaging and collaborative solutions, such as SharePoint, for use when dealing with business partners (Adams, 2012).
Overview of Linux Security
Linux is an open platform allowing for users to add to the structure of the system. Strength in numbers helps Linux security in that security threats are often fixed right away and for all to see.
Why we choose Linux over Windows for Kudler Fine Foods, no system can ever be completely secure.
Network Administration
The total network size for the company is not that large, so administration of the network and the associated systems; including all the Point Of Sale (POS) terminals currently associated with the Novell 4.11 servers, Inventory Spreadshee ...
PowerPoint PresentationThis section will include an online pre.docxChantellPantoja184
This presentation provides an overview of the proposed Active Directory and network infrastructure design for the New York office of WWTC. It includes 3 sentences:
The presentation outlines the server setup with domain controllers, file servers, and Exchange servers in a failover cluster. It details the proposed Active Directory structure with OUs for departments, users, and servers. The presentation also covers GPO usage, IPAM, DHCP, file sharing, imaging, and security features like BitLocker and file classification.
Running head: SERVERS 1
Running head: SERVERS 1
Debbie Utter
Colorado Technical University
Unit 3 IP
Introduction to Operating Systems and Client/Servers Environment
IT140-1503B-01
Dr. Stephan Reynolds
September 11, 2015
Peer-to-peer networks and client-server networks are both distinct networking architectures, each model being suitable for different types of organizations. The main difference between these two architectures is that in Client-server networks, there is a dedicated central computer (known as a server) and the other reliable computers (clients) dependent on the server’s resources. On the other hand, in a peer-to-peer network, each computer can act as the server and client to the others. In simpler terms, if each computer in the network can fully carry out its functions independently, then it is in a peer-to-peer network. If one computer is the go-to computer for services such as file storage or the one given the capability to grant or deny access of services to the other computers, then those computers are in a client-server network.
Peer-to-peer and client-server networks can both be differentiated using the various aspects as follows:
(a) Performance
A peer-to-peer network is only suitable for as much as 10 computers, past which performance problems will arise. An organization with more than 10 computers is best suited for a client-server network. This is because of the presence of a server that does most of the management and control duties. Also, an issue with one computer won’t necessarily interfere with the network since it’s not required to share its computing power.
(b) Cost
Client-server networks are basically more expensive than peer-to-peer networks, both in installation and maintenance. The server in client-server networks needs to have great computing power, and therefore you need have dedicated software to manage the network. An example of this software that does this job excellently is the Windows Server. Such programs are complicated to run, and so more costs may arise due to the need to have experts that fix any arising problems.
(c) Security
Client-server networks are more secure than peer-to-peer networks. The server has a function in it that can grant or reject a user’s access request to the network. This feature is important as it helps keep unwanted users, malware or malicious bots out of the network. However, it is important to note that as the more computers join the client-server network, security management becomes increasingly difficult.
(d)Geographical area
A peer-to-peer network is suitable when it is being set up in homes or small organizations. But for bigger organizations, such as hospitals, a client-server is ideal due to the need for technical functions in the organization.
Depending on the above factors, a client-server network would work best in Health Care HQ.
As earlier mentioned, Windows Server is one of the most efficient operating systems that manages client-server ne.
Discussion # 6Operating-System StructureA system as large an.docxlynettearnold46882
Discussion # 6
Operating-System Structure
A system as large and complex as a modern operating system must be
engineered carefully if it is to function properly and be modified easily. A
common approach is to partition the task into small components, or modules,
rather than have one monolithic system. Each of these modules should be
a well-defined portion of the system, with carefully defined inputs, outputs,
and functions. We have already discussed briefly in Chapter 1 the common
components of operating systems. In this section, we discuss how these
components are interconnected and melded into a kernel.
Simple Structure
Many operating systems do not have well-defined structures. Frequently, such
systems started as small, simple, and limited systems and then grew beyond
their original scope. MS-DOS is an example of such a system. It was originally
designed and implemented by a few people who had no idea that it would
become so popular. It was written to provide the most functionality in the
least space, so it was not carefully divided into modules. Figure 2.11 shows its
structure.
In MS-DOS, the interfaces and levels of functionality are not well separated.
For instance, application programs are able to access the basic I/O routines
to write directly to the display and disk drives. Such freedom leaves MS-DOS
vulnerable to errant (or malicious) programs, causing entire system crashes
when user programs fail. Of course, MS-DOS was also limited by the hardware
of its era. Because the Intel 8088 for which it was written provides no dual
mode and no hardware protection, the designers of MS-DOS had no choice but
to leave the base hardware accessible.
Another example of limited structuring is the original UNIX operating
system. Like MS-DOS, UNIX initially was limited by hardware functionality. It
consists of two separable parts: the kernel and the system programs.
The kernel is further separated into a series of interfaces and device drivers, which have
been added and expanded over the years as UNIX has evolved. We can view the
traditional UNIX operating system as being layered to some extent, as shown in
Figure 2.12. Everything below the system-call interface and above the physical
hardware is the kernel. The kernel provides the file system, CPU scheduling,
memory management, and other operating-system functions through system
calls. Taken in sum, that is an enormous amount of functionality to be combined
into one level. This monolithic structure was difficult to implement and
maintain. It had a distinct performance advantage, however: there is very little
overhead in the system call interface or in communication within the kernel.
We still see evidence of this simple, monolithic structure in the UNIX, Linux,
and Windows operating systems.
Please talk about this discussion in your own words.
Discussion # 7
“Virtual Machines,” of Operating System Concepts
Type 1 Hypervisor
Type 1 hypervisors are commonly found in company data centers and are.
The document provides information about basic networking concepts including different types of networks, models of networking computing, network administration models, network operating systems, categories of networks, and types of network services. It includes an information sheet that defines these key networking terms and concepts. It also includes a self-check questions and model answers to test understanding of the material.
A server is a computer that manages network resources and makes them available to authorized users. Kerberos is an authentication protocol that provides encryption during authentication. Active Directory installation can be verified by checking SRV records in DNS, verifying the SYSVOL folder, and database and log files, and using commands like Dcdiag and Net share.
CSI-503 - 11.Distributed Operating Systemghayour abbas
A distributed operating system connects multiple computers via a single communication channel. It allows for the distribution of computing resources and I/O files across several central processors to serve multiple users and real-time applications simultaneously. Distributed operating systems come in various types, including client-server systems, peer-to-peer systems, middleware, three-tier, and n-tier architectures. Their key features are openness, scalability, resource sharing, flexibility, transparency, and heterogeneity. Examples include Solaris, OSF/1, Micros, and DYNIX. Distributed operating systems find applications in network applications, telecommunication networks, parallel computation, and real-time process control.
Protecting location privacy in sensor networks against a global eavesdropperShakas Technologies
The document discusses techniques for providing location privacy in sensor networks against a global eavesdropper. It proposes four techniques - periodic collection, source simulation, sink simulation, and backbone flooding - to provide location privacy for monitored objects (source location privacy) and data sinks (sink location privacy). These techniques provide trade-offs between privacy, communication cost, and latency. Analysis and simulation demonstrate that the proposed techniques are efficient and effective for providing source and sink location privacy in sensor networks.
Windows 2000 is a 32-bit preemptive multitasking operating system developed by Microsoft for Intel microprocessors. It uses a micro-kernel architecture and supports features like security, extensibility, international support, and compatibility with legacy applications. The system has a layered architecture with modules like the kernel, executive, and various environmental subsystems that emulate other operating systems. It provides features like virtual memory management, process and thread scheduling, security, and networking support through protocols like SMB and TCP/IP.
This is an overview of my current metallic design and engineering knowledge base built up over my professional career and two MSc degrees : - MSc in Advanced Manufacturing Technology University of Portsmouth graduated 1st May 1998, and MSc in Aircraft Engineering Cranfield University graduated 8th June 2007.
Sachpazis_Consolidation Settlement Calculation Program-The Python Code and th...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Consolidation Settlement Calculation Program-The Python Code
By Professor Dr. Costas Sachpazis, Civil Engineer & Geologist
This program calculates the consolidation settlement for a foundation based on soil layer properties and foundation data. It allows users to input multiple soil layers and foundation characteristics to determine the total settlement.
An In-Depth Exploration of Natural Language Processing: Evolution, Applicatio...DharmaBanothu
Natural language processing (NLP) has
recently garnered significant interest for the
computational representation and analysis of human
language. Its applications span multiple domains such
as machine translation, email spam detection,
information extraction, summarization, healthcare,
and question answering. This paper first delineates
four phases by examining various levels of NLP and
components of Natural Language Generation,
followed by a review of the history and progression of
NLP. Subsequently, we delve into the current state of
the art by presenting diverse NLP applications,
contemporary trends, and challenges. Finally, we
discuss some available datasets, models, and
evaluation metrics in NLP.
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O.s. lab all_experimets
1. Course: Bachelor of Technology
Branch: Computer Science & Engineering
Semester: 6th
GURU JAMBHESHWAR UNIVERSITY OF
SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, HISAR
Submitted To: - Submitted By:-
Mr. Ajit Noonia Mukesh Kumar
Asstt. Professor in CSE Deptt. 1110751908
Department of Computer Science & Engineering
Prannath Parnami Institute of Management & Technology, Hisar
Prannath Parnami Universe, Website: ppu.edu.in
2. INDEX
Sr.
No.
Name of Experiment Date Remarks
1 Study of WINDOWS 2000 Operating System.
2 WAP simulate FCFS C.P.U. Scheduling
algorithm.
3 WAP to simulate SJF C.P.U. Scheduling
algorithm.
4 WAP simulate Priority C.P.U. Scheduling
algorithm
5 WAP simulate Round Robin C.P.U.
Scheduling algorithm.
6 WAP in C Banker’s algorithm for Deadlock
Avoidance.
7 WAP in C to implement FIFO page
replacement algorithm.
8 WAP in C to implement LRU page
replacement algorithm.
3. EXPERIMENT NO.=1
Aim:-- Study of WINDOWS 2000 Operating System.
Introduction to Window 2000:-
Windows 2000 is an operating system for use on both client and server computers. It was
produced by Microsoft and released to manufacturing on December 15, 1999 and launched to
retail on February 17, 2000. It is the successor to Windows NT 4.0, and is the last version of
Microsoft Windows to display the "Windows NT" designation. It is succeeded by Windows
XP (released in October 2001) and Windows Server 2003 (released in April 2003). During
development, Windows 2000 was known as Windows NT 5.0.
Four editions of Windows 2000 were released: Professional, Server, Advanced Server,
and Datacenter Server; the latter was both released to manufacturing and launched months
after the other editions. While each edition of Windows 2000 was targeted at a different
market, they shared a core set of features, including many system utilities such as
the Microsoft Management Console and standard system administration applications.
Support for people with disabilities was improved over Windows NT 4.0 with a number of
new assistive technologies and Microsoft increased support for different languages
and locale information.
All versions of the operating system support NTFS 3.0, Encrypting File System, as well as
basic and dynamic disk storage. The Windows 2000 Server family has additional features,
including the ability to provide Active Directory services (a hierarchical framework of
resources), Distributed File System (a file system that supports sharing of files) and fault-
redundant storage volumes. Windows 2000 can be installed through either a manual or
unattended installation. Unattended installations rely on the use of answer files to fill in
installation information, and can be performed through a bootable CD using
Microsoft Systems Management Server, by the System Preparation Tool.
Microsoft marketed Windows 2000 as the most secure Windows version ever at the time;
however, it became the target of a number of high-profile virus attacks such as Code
Red and Nimda. For ten years after its release, it continued to receive patches for security
vulnerabilities nearly every month until reaching the end of its lifecycle on July 13, 2010.
System Components:--
The architecture of Windows is a layered system of modules, as shown in Figure. The main
layers are the HAL, the kernel, and the executive, all of which run in protected mode, and a
large collection of subsystems that run in user mode. The user-mode subsystems are in two
categories. The environmental subsystems emulate different operating systems the protection
subsystems provide security functions. One of the chief advantages of this type.
4. Fig. Windows block diagram
16-Bit Windows Environment:--
The Win16 execution environment is provided by a VDM that incorporates additional
software, called Windows on Windows, that provides the Windows 3.1 kernel routines and
stub routines for window-manager and graphical device- interface (GDI) functions. The stub
routines call the appropriate Win32 subroutines—converting, or thunking, 16-bit addresses
into 32-bit ones. Applications that rely on the internal structure of the 16-bit window manager
or GDI may not work, because Windows on Windows does not really implement the 16-bit
API. Windows on Windows can multitask with other processes on Windows, but it resembles
Windows 3.1 in many ways. Only oneWin16 application can run at a time, all applications are
single threaded and reside in the same address space, and all share the same input queue.
These features imply that an application that stops receiving input will block all the other
Win16 applications, just a in Windows 3.x, and one Win16 application can crash other Win16
applications by corrupting the address space. Multiple Win16 environments can coexist,
however, by using the command start /separate win16application from the command line.
5. Win32 Environment:--
As mentioned earlier, the main subsystem in Windows is theWin32 subsystem. It runs Win32
applications and manages all keyboard, mouse, and screen I/O. Since it is the controlling
environment, it is designed to be extremely robust. Several features of Win32 contribute to
this robustness. Unlike processes in the Win16 environment, each Win32 process has its own
input queue. The window manager dispatches all input on the system to the appropriate
process’s input queue, so a failed process will not block input to other processes. The
Windows kernel also provides preemptive multitasking, which enables the user to terminate
applications that have failed or are no longer needed. In addition, Win32 validates all objects
before using them, to prevent crashes that could otherwise occur if an application tried to use
an invalid or wrong handle. The Win32 subsystem verifies the type of the object to which a
handle points before using that object. The reference counts kept by the object manager
prevent objects from being deleted while they are still being used and prevent their use after
they have been deleted.
Domains:--
Many networked environments have natural groups of users, such as students in a computer
laboratory at school or employees in one department in a business. Frequently, we want all the
members of the group to be able to access shared resources on their various computers in the
group. To manage the global access rights within such groups, Windows uses the concept of a
domain. Previously, these domains had no relationship whatsoever to the domain name system
(DNS) that maps Internet host names to IP addresses; now, however, they are closely related.
Specifically, a Windows domain is a group of Windows workstations and servers that share a
common security policy and user database. Since Windows now uses the Kerberos protocol for
trust and authentication, a Windows domain is the same thing as a Kerberos realm. Previous
versions of NT used the idea of primary and backup domain controllers; now all servers in a
domain are domain controllers. In addition, previous versions required the setup of one way
trusts between domains. Windows uses a hierarchical approach based on DNS and allows
transitive trusts that can flow up and down the hierarchy. This approach reduces the number of
trusts required for n domains from n ∗ (n−1) to O(n). The workstations in the domain trust the
domain controller to give correct information about the access rights of each user (via the user’s
access token). All users retain the ability to restrict access to their own work stations, no matter
what any domain controller may say. Because a business may have many departments and a
school may have many classes, it is often necessary to manage multiple domains within a
single organization. A domain tree is a contiguous DNS naming hierarchy for managing
multiple domains. For example, bell-labs.com might be the root of the tree, with research.bell-
labs.com and pez.bell-labs.com as children—domains research and pez. A forest is a set of
noncontiguous names. An example would be the trees bell-labs.com and/or lucent.com. A forest
may be made up of only one domain tree, however. Trust relationships can be set up between
domains in three ways: one-way, transitive, and cross-link. Versions of NT through Version 4.0
allowed only
one-way trusts to be set up. A one- way trust is exactly what its name implies: Domain A is told
it can trust domain B. However, B will not trust A unless another relationship is configured.
Under a transitive trust, if A trusts B and B trusts C, then A, B, and C all trust one another,
since transitive trusts are two-way by default. Transitive trusts are enabled by default for new
domains in a tree and can be configured only among domains within a forest. The third type, a
6. cross-link trust, is useful to cut down on authentication traffic. Suppose that domains A and B
are leaf nodes and that users in A often use resources in B. If a standard transitive trust is used,
authentication requests must traverse up to the common ancestor of the two leaf nodes; but if A
and B have a cross linking trust established, the authentications can be sent directly to the other
node.
System Administrator of Window 2000:--
Features of Window 2000:--
7. Features Functions Benefits
Greater system stability
Improved hardware
support
Supports AGP, DVD,
USB, IEEE 1394.
Improved DirectX®
and DirectSound®
support.
Computers are more compatible and more
stable than with previous Microsoft®
operating systems. This is due in part to
fewer driver conflicts and increased ease of
setup.
Improved program
support
Microsoft claims 600
new programs tested as
being compatible.
Improved productivity, through ability
to use a wider variety of programs.
Less downtime spent troubleshooting
technical issues associated with
program incompatibility.
New Microsoft®
Windows® Installer
Provides a standard
format for program
setup, including
installation and repair.
Tracks key files and
automatically replaces
or repairs damaged
files.
Helps to provide more reliable
programs.
Contributes to efficiency in systems
management.
Helps prevent DLL conflicts.
Auto restart of failed
services
Automatically caches
data in progress.
Better retention of data.
Less downtime.
Improved stability.
8. Increased manageability
Active
directory
Dynamic linking of
system, user, and
enterprise information.
For the system administrator, simplified
system and asset administration over the
network.
For the user, easier access to shared
network devices.
IntelliMirror® Duplicates user profiles
and data, including
security permissions,
directory accesses, and
local computer data and
programs onto the
server.
Faster installation of new computers.
Protection from data loss.
Group setup of security and access levels.
Easier administration of portable
computers.
Better support of roaming users.
Easier replacement of failed computers —
reduces downtime.
Easier administration of corporate
standards.
Distribution of software upgrades without a
service call; provides unattended
installation procedures.
ACPI Manages system,
device, processor
power, battery, and
system events.
Provides instant on,
instant off power.
Offers power-saving
features.
Provides Wake up on
LAN feature.
Power savings equate to lower electricity
bills.
Remote systems management through
Wake up on LAN.
Improved mobile power management.
Web Based
Enterprise
Management
(WBEM)
Support for Internet
protocol standards.
Allows IT managers to manage their
environments from anywhere with Web
access.
Allows easier management of remote
computers.
9. Increased performance
Optimized for
Pentium® II
processors
and above.
Takes advantage of the latest
advances in Intel® processing
technologies.
According to Microsoft, greater
computer performance over
Windows 95.
Higher program performance.
Enhanced
search for
files or
folders
Automatically lists recent network
locations visited and allows user to
search multiple network resources
and recently visited Internet
resources simultaneously.
Makes searching for
information more automated.
Greater system security
Encrypted
File System
with NTFS
5.0
Ability to encrypt data to the local
hard disk.
Applies additional security
permissions to the hard disk and
uses the Encrypting File System
(EFS) to protect sensitive
information.
Protects hard disk data even if
the hard disk is physically
removed from the computer.
Public key
support
Allows digital signatures for
programs, drivers, and computers.
Verifies authenticity of
components.
Allows users to set up secure
network communications over a
public network.
Authenticates e-mail source.
Internet
Protocol
Security
(IPSec)
Encrypts of data above the
network layer.
Helps protect against
unauthorized users obtaining
information over the Internet
through the World Wide Web
and maintains confidentiality.
Greater Web-browsing experience
Internet
Explorer 5.0
According to Microsoft, offers a
20 percent increase in the speed of
Web page loading.
Improves the organization of
Favorites.
Increased productivity.
Greater flexibility in organizing
URLs.
10. Experiment No.=2
Aim:-- WAP simulate FCFS C.P.U. Scheduling algorithm.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
char pn[10] [10];
int arr[10],bur[10],star[10],finish[10],tat[10],wt[10],i,n;
int totwt=0, tottat=0;
clrscr();
printf("enter the no of process ");
scanf("%d",&n);
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
printf("enter the process name, arrival time & burst time");
scanf("%s%d%d",&pn[i], &arr[i], &bur[i]);
}
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
if(i==0)
{
star[i]=arr[i];
wt[i]=star[i]-arr[i];
finish[i]=star[i]+bur[i];
tat[i]=finish[i]-arr[i];
}
else
{
star[i]=finish[i-1];
wt[i]=star[i]-arr[i];
finish[i]=star[i]+bur[i];
tat[i]=finish[i]-arr[i];
}}
printf("n pname arrtime burtime start tat finish");
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
printf("n %s %6d % 6d%6d%6d%6d" ,pn[i],arr[i],bur[i],star[i],tat[i],finish[i]);
totwt +=wt[i];
tottat+=tat[i];
}
printf("n average waiting time: %f",(float) totwt/n);
printf("n average turn around time: %f",(float) totwt/n);
getch();
}
Output:--
19. #include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
int max[100][100];
int alloc[100][100];
int need[100][100];
int avail[100];
int n,r;
void input();
void show();
void cal();
int main()
{
int i,j;
printf("********** Baner's Algo ************n");
input();
show();
cal();
getch();
return 0;
}
void input()
{
int i,j;
printf("Enter the no of Processest");
scanf("%d",&n);
printf("Enter the no of resources instancest");
scanf("%d",&r);
printf("Enter the Max Matrixn");
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<r;j++)
{
scanf("%d",&max[i][j]);
}}
printf("Enter the Allocation Matrixn");
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<r;j++)
{
scanf("%d",&alloc[i][j]);
}}
printf("Enter the available Resourcesn");
for(j=0;j<r;j++)
23. #include<conio.h>
int main()
{
int i,j,n,a[50],frame[10],no,k,avail,count=0;
clrscr();
printf("ENTER THE NUMBER OF PAGES:");
scanf("%d",&n);
printf("n ENTER THE PAGE NUMBER :");
for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
scanf("%d",&a[i]);
printf("n ENTER THE NUMBER OF FRAMES :");
scanf("%d",&no);
for(i=0;i<no;i++)
frame[i]= -1;
j=0;
printf("tref stringt page framesn");
for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
{
printf("%dtt",a[i]);
avail=0;
for(k=0;k<no;k++)
if(frame[k]==a[i])
avail=1;
if (avail==0)
{
frame[j]=a[i];
j=(j+1)%no;
count++;
for(k=0;k<no;k++)
printf("%dt",frame[k]);
}
printf("n");
}
printf("Page Fault Is %d",count);
getch();
return 0;
}
Output:--