Nursing management of the patient with Tonsillitis PPT

Prepared by :- Prof. BLESSY THOMAS,
MSc NURSING,
FNCON,SPN

INTRODUCTION
 The tonsils are two small glands that sit on
either side of the throat.
 In young children, they help to fight germs and
act as a barrier against infection.
 Tonsils act as filters, trapping germs that
could otherwise enter the airways and cause
infection.
 They also make antibodies to fight infection.
 But sometimes, they get overwhelmed by
bacteria or viruses.
 This can make them swollen and inflamed.

ANATOMY AND
PHYSIOLOGY
Tonsils
 Tonsils are large lymphoid tissue situated in the lateral
wall of the oropharynx.
 Tonsil occupies the tonsillar fossa between diverging
palato-pharyngeal and palatoglossal folds .
 Tonsil has two surfaces, medial and lateral
 two borders anterior and posterior
 two poles upper and lower
 two developmental folds plica triangulris and plica
semilumris
 and one cleft intratonsillar cleft.

Cont……
 Medial surface is covered by squamous epithelium
 Lateral surface extends deep to surrounding
boundaries.
 It is coated with a fibrous sheet, an extension of
pharyngobasilar fascia called capsule of the tonsil.
 The capsule is loosely attached to the muscular wall
but antero-inferiorly it is attached firmly to the side of
the tongue just in front of insertion of palatoglossus
and palatopharyngeus muscles

DEFINITION
 Tonsillitis is an infection of
the tonsils, two masses of
tissue at the back of the
throat.
 Tonsillitis is inflammation
of the tonsils, two oval-
shaped pads of tissue at the

CAUSES
 Most cases of tonsillitis are
caused by a viral infection, such
as the viruses that cause
the common cold or flu virus
(influenza).
 staying away from public places,
such as work, school or nursery,
until your GP says it's safe to
return (usually after the symptoms

Cont……..
 coughing and sneezing into a
tissue and disposing of the tissue
 washing hands before eating, after
going to the toilet and, if possible,
after coughing and sneezing
 Bacterial infection a common
cause is Streptococcus (strep)
bacteria, which can also cause
strep throat.

Other common causes
include:
 Adenoviruses
 Influenza virus
 Epstein-Barr virus
 Parainfluenza viruses
 Enteroviruses
 Herpes simplex virus

RISK FACTORS
 Age-affects children than adults
 5 to 15 years of age
 more common in very young
children.
 Elderly adults are at higher risk
for tonsillitis too.

TYPES
 Acute tonsillitis.
 These symptoms usually last 3 or
4 days but can last up to 2 weeks
 Tonsillitis is incredibly common in
children.
 Almost every child will probably
get tonsillitis at least once.
 Symptoms last around 10 days or
less.

Chronic tonsillitis.
 sore throat
 bad breath (halitosis)
 tender lymph nodes in the neck
 Chronic tonsillitis may also
cause tonsil stones, where
materials like dead cells, saliva,
and food build up in the tonsils.
 Eventually, the debris can harden
into small stones.

Recurrent tonsillitis.
 Tonsillitis comes back multiple times
during the year, it may be chronic or
recurrent tonsillitis
 As with chronic tonsillitis, a standard
treatment for recurrent tonsillitis is a
tonsillectomy. Recurrent tonsillitis is
often defined as:
 A sore throat or tonsillitis at least 5 to 7
times in 1 year
 Occurrences of at least 5 times in each

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Due to etiological factors
virus or bacteria enter inside our body through nose or throat
Inflammatory response will occur(inflammation & infection )
Red and swollen tonsils
Clinical manifestations

CLINICAL
MANIFESTATIONS
 inflamed and swollen
tonsils, sometimes
severe enough to
make it hard
to breathe through
mouth
 Other symptoms
include:
 Throat pain or
tenderness
 Fever
 Red tonsils
 A white or yellow
coating on your tonsils
 Headache
 Loss of appetite
 Ear pain
 Trouble swallowing
 Swollen glands in
your neck or jaw
 Fever and chills
 Bad breath
 A scratchy or muffled
voice
 Stiff neck
 Painful blisters or
ulcers on your throat

Tonsillitis Symptoms in Children
 In children, symptoms may also
include:
 Upset stomach
 Vomiting
 Stomach pain
 Drooling
 Not wanting to eat or swallow

DIAGNOSIS
 History collection
 Physical exam- look at tonsils for redness,
swelling or pus on them.
 Check for a fever.
 Also check the ears and nose for signs of
infection and feel the sides of neck for
swelling and pain.
 Throat swab. Testing saliva and cells from the
throat for strep bacteria.
 Run a cotton swab along the back of throat.
 Results are usually ready in 10 or 15 minutes
 A blood test. a complete blood cell count
(CBC).

MANAGEMENT
PHARMACOLOGICAL
MANAGEMENT
 Antibiotics.
 One-time injection or in pills that you’ll swallow
for several days.
 Feel better within 2 or 3 days,
 Get lots of rest
 Drink warm or very cold fluids to help with throat
pain
 Eat smooth foods, such as flavoured gelatine, ice
cream.
 Use a cool-mist vaporizer or humidifier in the
room.
 Gargle with warm salt water.

SURGICAL MANAGEMENT
Tonsillectomy
 It is the removal of tonsils.
 Tonsillectomy used to be a very common
treatment.
 It is an outpatient procedure.
 It usually lasts less than an hour.
 Recovery usually takes 7 to 10 days.
 May have some pain in throat, ears, jaw,
or neck after the surgery.
 Get plenty of rest and drink lots of fluids

Tonsillitis Prevention
 Washing your hands often
 Not sharing food, drink, utensils, or
personal items like toothbrushes
with anyone
 Staying away from someone who
has a sore throat or tonsillitis

COMPLICATIONS
 A collection of pus around the tonsil
(peritonsillar abscess)
 Middle ear infection
 Breathing problems or breathing that stops
and starts while sleeping (obstructive sleep
apnea)
 Tonsillar cellulitis, or infection that spreads and
deeply penetrates nearby tissues

CONCLUSION
 Nursing management of Tonsillitis is
important.
 A comprehensive understanding of the
operations for management of
Tonsillitis and areas requiring special
attention would be important .

ASSIGNMENT
Nursing care plan on
tonsillitis

BIBLIOGRAPHY
 Smeltzer SC, et al. Brunner and Suddarth's
Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing, 11th
edition. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2007.
 Chintamani and Mrinalini Mani Textbook of
Medical-Surgical Nursing, Elsevier India; 3rd
edition 2018
 Javed Ansari And Davinder Kaur, Concise
Course In Medical Surgical Nursing 1st
edition, vikas and company (pv) publication
2017

Nursing management of the patient with Tonsillitis PPT

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

Similar to Nursing management of the patient with Tonsillitis PPT

Similar to Nursing management of the patient with Tonsillitis PPT (20)

More from blessyjannu21

More from blessyjannu21 (9)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

Nursing management of the patient with Tonsillitis PPT