11. cao my phuong risk factors of pre diabetes in adults aged 45BinhThang
This document summarizes a study on risk factors for pre-diabetes in adults aged 45 and older in Cau Ngang district, Tra Vinh province. The study found that risk factors for pre-diabetes included overweight/obesity (odds ratio of 1.8), high waist circumference (odds ratio of 1.9), high body fat percentage (odds ratio of 2.4), sweet drinking and eating habits (odds ratio of 1.8), daily excessive sugar consumption (odds ratio of 2.4), and daily excessive fatty food intake (odds ratio of 2.8). The study did not find hypertension, smoking, alcohol consumption, lack of physical activity, or stress to be significant risk factors.
1. The Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) found that an intensive lifestyle intervention aimed at 7% weight loss was more effective than metformin or placebo at preventing diabetes in patients with prediabetes over 3 years, with a 58% reduction in relative risk.
2. For Mrs. K, an intensive lifestyle intervention targeting at least 7% weight loss would be the recommended first-line evidence-based approach based on the DPP findings.
3. After 1 year of lifestyle changes, Mrs. K had achieved 6% weight loss and normal fasting glucose and A1C levels, indicating response to treatment. However, 12 months later with 10 pounds regained, her glucose levels have
Based on the evidence presented in the document, the appropriate recommendation for Mrs. K would be a lifestyle intervention with a goal of 7% weight loss (Option B). The DPP trial demonstrated that lifestyle intervention, aimed at 7% weight loss through diet and exercise, reduced the risk of developing diabetes by 58% over 3 years compared to placebo. This lifestyle intervention was more effective than metformin alone in preventing diabetes.
Maternal obesity can negatively impact fetal growth and development and increase health risks for offspring. A study found that offspring of obese mothers are at increased risk for various birth defects as well as issues like stillbirth, needing treatment in the NICU, and poorer neonatal outcomes. Children of obese mothers also have an increased risk of becoming obese themselves and developing poorer metabolic health and higher blood pressure. While genes play a role, factors like shared behaviors, fetal growth patterns, gestational diabetes, breastfeeding, and early life diet also contribute to associations between maternal weight and child outcomes.
Obesity is a serious issue in Malaysia, with approximately 43% of adults and 38% of children being obese as of 2006. Rates of obesity in Malaysia have been increasing by about 14% each year. Obesity is defined as a BMI over 30 and is associated with various health risks like heart disease, diabetes, and early death. Factors contributing to obesity include diet, lack of exercise, genetics, medication, and emotional issues. Treatment involves diet modification, increased physical activity, medication like Orlistat, and sometimes surgery for severe cases. Prevention through healthy lifestyle habits is emphasized.
Organised once every four years, the 12th FENS European Nutrition Conference is being held this year in Berlin, from 20th to 23rd October. On this occasion, YINI is delighted to be part of the programme, hosting a symposium on a very topical subject: "Yogurt consumption benefits: global findings & perspectives". This insightful session, chaired by Prof Dr Raanan Shamir (Israel) and Andrew Prentice (UK), took place on Thursday 22th October, at 16.30 and was led by renowned experts in the fields of obesity, nutrition and diabetes!
Dr Richard Atkinson
He has worked in obesity research and treatment for over 40 years, is interested in obesity policy, and has advocated for young investigator programs nationally and internationally. His research
includes causes and treatments of obesity, particularly obesity drugs, obesity surgery, and virus-induced obesity. His laboratory demonstrated that human adenovirus-36 produces obesity in animals and is associated with obesity in humans.
In summary
The York Health Economics Consortium and collaborators performed a comprehensive literature search identifying papers on yogurt and weight management. Selection criteria were studies of classical yogurt only, probiotic bacteria were excluded, as were studies on individuals with various diseases. From 13,000 potential papers, 69 met potential criteria and 22 were selected, including 7 cross-sectional, 6 cohort, 2 crossover, and 7 controlled trials. All cross-sectional and cohort trials showed a beneficial association of yogurt and one or more body weight/composition measures. Limitations were that all dietary data were self-reported, confounding variables not completely controlled, and correlation is not causation. Two crossover studies were small, short duration, and uninterpretable. Five of seven controlled trials had major limitations including self-report of intake, inadequate or irrelevant research design, few subjects, inadequate description, etc. One well controlled, randomized study had clear results showing a beneficial effect of yogurt, but improper design to address effects of yogurt alone. Five of six RCT showed a beneficial effect of yogurt, but only one was significant. Yogurt is a “health food” accepted by most people and has potential for prevention and treatment of overweight/obesity. Previous studies give optimism for yogurt for weight management, but future well-designed randomized, controlled trials for proof of principle and large population studies for feasibility are needed.
Childhood obesity the other aspect of malnutritionvckg1987
Childhood obesity is a complex issue with multiple contributing factors. The document discusses definitions of overweight and obesity in children and methods for measuring it. Globally, the prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity is rising fastest in lower-middle income countries. In India, prevalence varies regionally but is higher among higher socioeconomic classes. Causes include genetic, neuroendocrine, societal and environmental factors. Obesity in children can lead to health issues like metabolic syndrome, diabetes, cardiovascular problems and psychosocial issues. Treatment involves dietary changes, increased physical activity, reduced screen time, and sometimes pharmacological or surgical interventions. Preventing childhood obesity requires population-wide policies around food/physical environments, activity levels, and community-based multi-component
This document discusses obesity, gestational diabetes, and pregnancy outcomes. It reports that maternal obesity has a stronger influence on childhood obesity in offspring than gestational diabetes alone. Obesity and gestational diabetes have synergistic effects in increasing risks during pregnancy like macrosomia and cesarean section. Screening and treatment of gestational diabetes improves neonatal outcomes, but maternal obesity remains the main risk factor to address.
11. cao my phuong risk factors of pre diabetes in adults aged 45BinhThang
This document summarizes a study on risk factors for pre-diabetes in adults aged 45 and older in Cau Ngang district, Tra Vinh province. The study found that risk factors for pre-diabetes included overweight/obesity (odds ratio of 1.8), high waist circumference (odds ratio of 1.9), high body fat percentage (odds ratio of 2.4), sweet drinking and eating habits (odds ratio of 1.8), daily excessive sugar consumption (odds ratio of 2.4), and daily excessive fatty food intake (odds ratio of 2.8). The study did not find hypertension, smoking, alcohol consumption, lack of physical activity, or stress to be significant risk factors.
1. The Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) found that an intensive lifestyle intervention aimed at 7% weight loss was more effective than metformin or placebo at preventing diabetes in patients with prediabetes over 3 years, with a 58% reduction in relative risk.
2. For Mrs. K, an intensive lifestyle intervention targeting at least 7% weight loss would be the recommended first-line evidence-based approach based on the DPP findings.
3. After 1 year of lifestyle changes, Mrs. K had achieved 6% weight loss and normal fasting glucose and A1C levels, indicating response to treatment. However, 12 months later with 10 pounds regained, her glucose levels have
Based on the evidence presented in the document, the appropriate recommendation for Mrs. K would be a lifestyle intervention with a goal of 7% weight loss (Option B). The DPP trial demonstrated that lifestyle intervention, aimed at 7% weight loss through diet and exercise, reduced the risk of developing diabetes by 58% over 3 years compared to placebo. This lifestyle intervention was more effective than metformin alone in preventing diabetes.
Maternal obesity can negatively impact fetal growth and development and increase health risks for offspring. A study found that offspring of obese mothers are at increased risk for various birth defects as well as issues like stillbirth, needing treatment in the NICU, and poorer neonatal outcomes. Children of obese mothers also have an increased risk of becoming obese themselves and developing poorer metabolic health and higher blood pressure. While genes play a role, factors like shared behaviors, fetal growth patterns, gestational diabetes, breastfeeding, and early life diet also contribute to associations between maternal weight and child outcomes.
Obesity is a serious issue in Malaysia, with approximately 43% of adults and 38% of children being obese as of 2006. Rates of obesity in Malaysia have been increasing by about 14% each year. Obesity is defined as a BMI over 30 and is associated with various health risks like heart disease, diabetes, and early death. Factors contributing to obesity include diet, lack of exercise, genetics, medication, and emotional issues. Treatment involves diet modification, increased physical activity, medication like Orlistat, and sometimes surgery for severe cases. Prevention through healthy lifestyle habits is emphasized.
Organised once every four years, the 12th FENS European Nutrition Conference is being held this year in Berlin, from 20th to 23rd October. On this occasion, YINI is delighted to be part of the programme, hosting a symposium on a very topical subject: "Yogurt consumption benefits: global findings & perspectives". This insightful session, chaired by Prof Dr Raanan Shamir (Israel) and Andrew Prentice (UK), took place on Thursday 22th October, at 16.30 and was led by renowned experts in the fields of obesity, nutrition and diabetes!
Dr Richard Atkinson
He has worked in obesity research and treatment for over 40 years, is interested in obesity policy, and has advocated for young investigator programs nationally and internationally. His research
includes causes and treatments of obesity, particularly obesity drugs, obesity surgery, and virus-induced obesity. His laboratory demonstrated that human adenovirus-36 produces obesity in animals and is associated with obesity in humans.
In summary
The York Health Economics Consortium and collaborators performed a comprehensive literature search identifying papers on yogurt and weight management. Selection criteria were studies of classical yogurt only, probiotic bacteria were excluded, as were studies on individuals with various diseases. From 13,000 potential papers, 69 met potential criteria and 22 were selected, including 7 cross-sectional, 6 cohort, 2 crossover, and 7 controlled trials. All cross-sectional and cohort trials showed a beneficial association of yogurt and one or more body weight/composition measures. Limitations were that all dietary data were self-reported, confounding variables not completely controlled, and correlation is not causation. Two crossover studies were small, short duration, and uninterpretable. Five of seven controlled trials had major limitations including self-report of intake, inadequate or irrelevant research design, few subjects, inadequate description, etc. One well controlled, randomized study had clear results showing a beneficial effect of yogurt, but improper design to address effects of yogurt alone. Five of six RCT showed a beneficial effect of yogurt, but only one was significant. Yogurt is a “health food” accepted by most people and has potential for prevention and treatment of overweight/obesity. Previous studies give optimism for yogurt for weight management, but future well-designed randomized, controlled trials for proof of principle and large population studies for feasibility are needed.
Childhood obesity the other aspect of malnutritionvckg1987
Childhood obesity is a complex issue with multiple contributing factors. The document discusses definitions of overweight and obesity in children and methods for measuring it. Globally, the prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity is rising fastest in lower-middle income countries. In India, prevalence varies regionally but is higher among higher socioeconomic classes. Causes include genetic, neuroendocrine, societal and environmental factors. Obesity in children can lead to health issues like metabolic syndrome, diabetes, cardiovascular problems and psychosocial issues. Treatment involves dietary changes, increased physical activity, reduced screen time, and sometimes pharmacological or surgical interventions. Preventing childhood obesity requires population-wide policies around food/physical environments, activity levels, and community-based multi-component
This document discusses obesity, gestational diabetes, and pregnancy outcomes. It reports that maternal obesity has a stronger influence on childhood obesity in offspring than gestational diabetes alone. Obesity and gestational diabetes have synergistic effects in increasing risks during pregnancy like macrosomia and cesarean section. Screening and treatment of gestational diabetes improves neonatal outcomes, but maternal obesity remains the main risk factor to address.
The document summarizes dietary guidelines for preventing metabolic syndrome, obesity, diabetes and related disorders in Asian Indians. It recommends a diet with 50-60% calories from complex carbohydrates, 10-15% from proteins, less than 30% from total fats including less than 7% from saturated fats. It emphasizes whole grains, pulses, vegetables and fruits, moderate intake of dairy and non-vegetarian foods, and healthy cooking oils like olive and canola oil. Regular physical activity and lifestyle modifications are also recommended.
Metabolic Syndrome and Dietary Guidelines for its preventionnutritionistrepublic
The document summarizes dietary guidelines for preventing metabolic syndrome, obesity, diabetes and related disorders in Asian Indians. It recommends a diet with 50-60% calories from complex carbohydrates, 10-15% from proteins, less than 30% from total fats including less than 7% from saturated fats. It emphasizes whole grains, pulses, vegetables and fruits, moderate intake of dairy and non-vegetarian foods, and healthy cooking oils like olive and canola oil. Regular physical activity and lifestyle modifications are also recommended.
This document discusses the developmental origins of childhood and adult obesity. It summarizes trends showing increasing rates of obesity, hypertension, and diabetes in the US population. Animal and human studies suggest that poor maternal nutrition, either overnutrition or undernutrition, can program the fetus for obesity and metabolic syndrome later in life. This is due to alterations in the development of appetite regulating regions in the hypothalamus.
Early screening for diabetes in pregnancy using fasting glucose tests prior to 20 weeks may be sufficient to diagnose gestational diabetes (GDM) in women with elevated BMI, according to a study from a London, Ontario clinic. Of the 27 women in the study with BMI over 35 kg/m2 who were tested before 20 weeks and at 28 weeks, 16 (59%) had abnormal glucose screens early on. Most women with GDM were able to control blood glucose with diet and nutritional counseling, and only 4 of the 16 women who screened positive required insulin. The study concludes that early diagnosis and management of GDM may help reduce the need for insulin in high-risk pregnancies.
Obesity in women by Dr. Sharda Jain presented on 17th August 14 at DMA Cente...Lifecare Centre
This document summarizes a presentation on obesity in women given by Dr. Sharda Jain and others. It discusses the increasing prevalence of obesity in women globally and in India. Unique aspects of medical history taking and physical examination in obese women are covered. The document reviews the medical issues associated with obesity like infertility, pregnancy complications, and increased risk of diseases. Lifestyle changes including diet and exercise as well as pharmacological and surgical options for obesity management are presented. Specific considerations for obesity and infertility treatment and pregnancy are also summarized.
1. Adolescent PCOS is defined as unexplained persistent hyperandrogenic anovulation in females aged 10-19. It affects 2.2-18% of adolescents depending on diagnostic criteria.
2. Presentation includes menstrual irregularities, chronic anovulation, hyperandrogenism like acne and hirsutism, and hyperandrogenemia. Diagnosis is challenging due to normal puberty changes resembling PCOS.
3. Treatment focuses on restoring weight, regulating cycles, and reducing hyperandrogenism signs to prevent long-term health issues. Lifestyle changes, hormonal contraceptives, metformin, and anti-androgens are commonly used treatment
This study analyzed data from 316 children referred to the W82GO obesity treatment program. Key findings include:
- 55% of participants who completed exercise testing were classified as hypertensive or pre-hypertensive.
- Participants had significantly lower cardiorespiratory fitness levels compared to studies of other obese children, putting them at increased risk for cardiovascular disease.
- The majority of children presented with severe obesity and impaired cardiovascular health, demonstrating the need for obesity treatment programs to also address reducing cardiovascular risk factors.
Association of lipid profile and waist circumferenc (2)Shahid Nawaz
The study evaluated the association between overweight/obesity and cardiovascular risk factors among 315 Qatari children aged 6-11. It found that overweight and obese children had significantly higher rates of increased waist circumference, hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL levels, and atherogenic index compared to children of normal weight. The results indicate that overweight and obese Qatari children are at greater risk for cardiovascular disease later in life.
This document discusses diabetes and pregnancy, focusing on gestational diabetes (GDM). It provides information on:
1) The pathophysiology and risk factors of GDM, noting that it is characterized by increased insulin resistance and inadequate insulin secretion as pregnancy progresses.
2) Findings from the Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes (HAPO) study that showed associations between higher maternal glucose levels and increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes.
3) International recommendations and criteria for screening and diagnosing GDM, which vary between organizations like ADA, IADPSG, and WHO. Regular screening is recommended between 24-28 weeks gestation.
This study examined the association between overweight/obesity and breast cancer in India. The study found that breast cancer patients had higher average weight, BMI, and mid-upper arm circumference compared to controls. Obesity was positively associated with increased breast cancer risk, with higher BMI groups facing greater odds of breast cancer. Maintaining a healthy weight may be a modifiable way to reduce breast cancer risk and impact women's health in India. However, the study had limitations such as insufficient demographic profiling and lack of perfect matching between cases and controls.
Association of lipid profile and waist circumferenc (2)Shahid Nawaz
1) The study evaluated the association between overweight/obesity and cardiovascular risk factors like lipid profiles and waist circumference in Qatari children aged 6-11.
2) Around 31-33% of the children were found to be overweight or obese. Overweight and obese children showed significantly increased risks of high waist circumference, hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL-C, and high atherogenic index.
3) The results indicate that overweight and obese Qatari children have elevated cardiovascular risks related to lipids and waist circumference, suggesting control of excessive weight gain in children could have long-term health benefits.
This document discusses models of diabetes care in primary health care settings. It summarizes evidence that lifestyle interventions can reduce diabetes incidence by 57% by increasing physical activity and improving diet. However, uptake of lifestyle changes is poor. Several models are presented to help with uptake, including the diabetes nurse educator, coach program, and chronic disease self-management. The chronic disease self-management program empowers patients to better manage their condition through education and skills development.
Life Style and Nutritional profile of NIDDM patients.Runa La-Ela
Life Style and Nutritional profile of NIDDM patients.
Diabetes mellitus is one of the most burdensome chronic diseases that are increasing in epidemic proportion throughout the world.
Obesity and physical inactivity constitute part of the risk for NIDDM because of their propensity to induce insulin resistance.
Food and dietary pattern of an individual have an important role to play in the development, treatment or prevention of NIDDM
This document contains a seminar presentation on the lifestyle and nutritional profile of patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). The presentation includes an introduction stating that diabetes is increasing worldwide and is linked to obesity and inactivity. It then outlines the objectives, methods, results and discussion. The results show that most patients had high blood glucose levels at diagnosis, which decreased after lifestyle changes. Their diets were generally high in calories, carbohydrates and fats. The conclusion is that controlling diabetes requires modifying one's diet and lifestyle through exercise, traditional foods and potentially medicine.
Prevalence of Type II Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome among Overweight School...DMS Library
This study examined the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) among overweight school children in Khon Kaen, Thailand. The researchers analyzed height, weight, and BMI measurements from 2,156 school children aged 10-15 years. They identified 594 (27.6%) overweight children, of whom 186 participated further. The study found T2DM in 4 children (2.2%) and MetS in 6 children (3.2%). Additionally, 46.8% of overweight children had at least one type of dyslipidemia. The study concluded that T2DM and MetS are common among overweight school children in the region and preventive interventions are needed.
This document summarizes the epidemiology of obesity globally and in the United States. Key points include:
- Over 600 million adults and 43 million children worldwide are obese. In the US, over 78 million adults and 12.7 million children are obese.
- Obesity prevalence has increased significantly and far surpasses original Healthy People 2010 and 2020 targets.
- Obesity is associated with numerous health risks like diabetes, heart disease, and some cancers. It contributes to over 300,000 deaths annually in the US.
- Risk factors include genetics, low income, low education, geographic and cultural factors, sedentary lifestyles, and diets high in calories and sugars. Certain medications and disabilities can also
This document provides information on malnutrition screening and treatment for elderly nursing home residents. It begins with definitions of malnutrition and consequences such as adverse health outcomes. Screening tools are discussed including BMI, unintentional weight loss thresholds, and more comprehensive tools. Causes of malnutrition like starvation, disease, and immobility are outlined. The TDIMP protocol is introduced as a way to monitor intake, weight, and escalate nutrition interventions for at-risk residents through a standardized workflow. Overall the document covers identifying and managing malnutrition in the elderly nursing home population.
This document discusses gestational diabetes, including its challenges, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. Some key points:
- Gestational diabetes requires a comprehensive multidisciplinary approach to improve maternal and neonatal outcomes.
- Screening guidelines and diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes are controversial and lack consensus.
- Treatment involves lifestyle modifications like diet, exercise and glucose monitoring, and may require insulin or other medications if needed.
- Both mother and baby are at risk for short-term and long-term complications if gestational diabetes is not properly managed.
- Preventing and treating gestational diabetes can help reduce the future risk of diabetes for both mother and child.
The document summarizes dietary guidelines for preventing metabolic syndrome, obesity, diabetes and related disorders in Asian Indians. It recommends a diet with 50-60% calories from complex carbohydrates, 10-15% from proteins, less than 30% from total fats including less than 7% from saturated fats. It emphasizes whole grains, pulses, vegetables and fruits, moderate intake of dairy and non-vegetarian foods, and healthy cooking oils like olive and canola oil. Regular physical activity and lifestyle modifications are also recommended.
Metabolic Syndrome and Dietary Guidelines for its preventionnutritionistrepublic
The document summarizes dietary guidelines for preventing metabolic syndrome, obesity, diabetes and related disorders in Asian Indians. It recommends a diet with 50-60% calories from complex carbohydrates, 10-15% from proteins, less than 30% from total fats including less than 7% from saturated fats. It emphasizes whole grains, pulses, vegetables and fruits, moderate intake of dairy and non-vegetarian foods, and healthy cooking oils like olive and canola oil. Regular physical activity and lifestyle modifications are also recommended.
This document discusses the developmental origins of childhood and adult obesity. It summarizes trends showing increasing rates of obesity, hypertension, and diabetes in the US population. Animal and human studies suggest that poor maternal nutrition, either overnutrition or undernutrition, can program the fetus for obesity and metabolic syndrome later in life. This is due to alterations in the development of appetite regulating regions in the hypothalamus.
Early screening for diabetes in pregnancy using fasting glucose tests prior to 20 weeks may be sufficient to diagnose gestational diabetes (GDM) in women with elevated BMI, according to a study from a London, Ontario clinic. Of the 27 women in the study with BMI over 35 kg/m2 who were tested before 20 weeks and at 28 weeks, 16 (59%) had abnormal glucose screens early on. Most women with GDM were able to control blood glucose with diet and nutritional counseling, and only 4 of the 16 women who screened positive required insulin. The study concludes that early diagnosis and management of GDM may help reduce the need for insulin in high-risk pregnancies.
Obesity in women by Dr. Sharda Jain presented on 17th August 14 at DMA Cente...Lifecare Centre
This document summarizes a presentation on obesity in women given by Dr. Sharda Jain and others. It discusses the increasing prevalence of obesity in women globally and in India. Unique aspects of medical history taking and physical examination in obese women are covered. The document reviews the medical issues associated with obesity like infertility, pregnancy complications, and increased risk of diseases. Lifestyle changes including diet and exercise as well as pharmacological and surgical options for obesity management are presented. Specific considerations for obesity and infertility treatment and pregnancy are also summarized.
1. Adolescent PCOS is defined as unexplained persistent hyperandrogenic anovulation in females aged 10-19. It affects 2.2-18% of adolescents depending on diagnostic criteria.
2. Presentation includes menstrual irregularities, chronic anovulation, hyperandrogenism like acne and hirsutism, and hyperandrogenemia. Diagnosis is challenging due to normal puberty changes resembling PCOS.
3. Treatment focuses on restoring weight, regulating cycles, and reducing hyperandrogenism signs to prevent long-term health issues. Lifestyle changes, hormonal contraceptives, metformin, and anti-androgens are commonly used treatment
This study analyzed data from 316 children referred to the W82GO obesity treatment program. Key findings include:
- 55% of participants who completed exercise testing were classified as hypertensive or pre-hypertensive.
- Participants had significantly lower cardiorespiratory fitness levels compared to studies of other obese children, putting them at increased risk for cardiovascular disease.
- The majority of children presented with severe obesity and impaired cardiovascular health, demonstrating the need for obesity treatment programs to also address reducing cardiovascular risk factors.
Association of lipid profile and waist circumferenc (2)Shahid Nawaz
The study evaluated the association between overweight/obesity and cardiovascular risk factors among 315 Qatari children aged 6-11. It found that overweight and obese children had significantly higher rates of increased waist circumference, hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL levels, and atherogenic index compared to children of normal weight. The results indicate that overweight and obese Qatari children are at greater risk for cardiovascular disease later in life.
This document discusses diabetes and pregnancy, focusing on gestational diabetes (GDM). It provides information on:
1) The pathophysiology and risk factors of GDM, noting that it is characterized by increased insulin resistance and inadequate insulin secretion as pregnancy progresses.
2) Findings from the Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes (HAPO) study that showed associations between higher maternal glucose levels and increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes.
3) International recommendations and criteria for screening and diagnosing GDM, which vary between organizations like ADA, IADPSG, and WHO. Regular screening is recommended between 24-28 weeks gestation.
This study examined the association between overweight/obesity and breast cancer in India. The study found that breast cancer patients had higher average weight, BMI, and mid-upper arm circumference compared to controls. Obesity was positively associated with increased breast cancer risk, with higher BMI groups facing greater odds of breast cancer. Maintaining a healthy weight may be a modifiable way to reduce breast cancer risk and impact women's health in India. However, the study had limitations such as insufficient demographic profiling and lack of perfect matching between cases and controls.
Association of lipid profile and waist circumferenc (2)Shahid Nawaz
1) The study evaluated the association between overweight/obesity and cardiovascular risk factors like lipid profiles and waist circumference in Qatari children aged 6-11.
2) Around 31-33% of the children were found to be overweight or obese. Overweight and obese children showed significantly increased risks of high waist circumference, hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL-C, and high atherogenic index.
3) The results indicate that overweight and obese Qatari children have elevated cardiovascular risks related to lipids and waist circumference, suggesting control of excessive weight gain in children could have long-term health benefits.
This document discusses models of diabetes care in primary health care settings. It summarizes evidence that lifestyle interventions can reduce diabetes incidence by 57% by increasing physical activity and improving diet. However, uptake of lifestyle changes is poor. Several models are presented to help with uptake, including the diabetes nurse educator, coach program, and chronic disease self-management. The chronic disease self-management program empowers patients to better manage their condition through education and skills development.
Life Style and Nutritional profile of NIDDM patients.Runa La-Ela
Life Style and Nutritional profile of NIDDM patients.
Diabetes mellitus is one of the most burdensome chronic diseases that are increasing in epidemic proportion throughout the world.
Obesity and physical inactivity constitute part of the risk for NIDDM because of their propensity to induce insulin resistance.
Food and dietary pattern of an individual have an important role to play in the development, treatment or prevention of NIDDM
This document contains a seminar presentation on the lifestyle and nutritional profile of patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). The presentation includes an introduction stating that diabetes is increasing worldwide and is linked to obesity and inactivity. It then outlines the objectives, methods, results and discussion. The results show that most patients had high blood glucose levels at diagnosis, which decreased after lifestyle changes. Their diets were generally high in calories, carbohydrates and fats. The conclusion is that controlling diabetes requires modifying one's diet and lifestyle through exercise, traditional foods and potentially medicine.
Prevalence of Type II Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome among Overweight School...DMS Library
This study examined the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) among overweight school children in Khon Kaen, Thailand. The researchers analyzed height, weight, and BMI measurements from 2,156 school children aged 10-15 years. They identified 594 (27.6%) overweight children, of whom 186 participated further. The study found T2DM in 4 children (2.2%) and MetS in 6 children (3.2%). Additionally, 46.8% of overweight children had at least one type of dyslipidemia. The study concluded that T2DM and MetS are common among overweight school children in the region and preventive interventions are needed.
This document summarizes the epidemiology of obesity globally and in the United States. Key points include:
- Over 600 million adults and 43 million children worldwide are obese. In the US, over 78 million adults and 12.7 million children are obese.
- Obesity prevalence has increased significantly and far surpasses original Healthy People 2010 and 2020 targets.
- Obesity is associated with numerous health risks like diabetes, heart disease, and some cancers. It contributes to over 300,000 deaths annually in the US.
- Risk factors include genetics, low income, low education, geographic and cultural factors, sedentary lifestyles, and diets high in calories and sugars. Certain medications and disabilities can also
This document provides information on malnutrition screening and treatment for elderly nursing home residents. It begins with definitions of malnutrition and consequences such as adverse health outcomes. Screening tools are discussed including BMI, unintentional weight loss thresholds, and more comprehensive tools. Causes of malnutrition like starvation, disease, and immobility are outlined. The TDIMP protocol is introduced as a way to monitor intake, weight, and escalate nutrition interventions for at-risk residents through a standardized workflow. Overall the document covers identifying and managing malnutrition in the elderly nursing home population.
This document discusses gestational diabetes, including its challenges, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. Some key points:
- Gestational diabetes requires a comprehensive multidisciplinary approach to improve maternal and neonatal outcomes.
- Screening guidelines and diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes are controversial and lack consensus.
- Treatment involves lifestyle modifications like diet, exercise and glucose monitoring, and may require insulin or other medications if needed.
- Both mother and baby are at risk for short-term and long-term complications if gestational diabetes is not properly managed.
- Preventing and treating gestational diabetes can help reduce the future risk of diabetes for both mother and child.
Similar to CSE presentation 050804-nikhil tandon.ppt (20)
Marital Enrichment Techniques - Marital and Family Therapy and Counselling - ...PsychoTech Services
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
Bashundhara Toiletries Logo Guideline 2024khabri85
It outlines the basic identity elements such as symbol, logotype, colors, and typefaces. It provides examples of applying the identity to materials like letterhead, business cards, reports, folders, and websites.
Benefits:
Linga mudra generates excessive heat within the body and is very useful for dealing with colds.
It also helps in boosting the immune system and makes the body more resistant to colds and similar infections.
The benefits of penis posture also extend to the respiratory system and it can help loosen the phlegm accumulated from the throat.
This posture also helps in weight loss.
Discomfort experienced in an air conditioned room is relieved by this mudra.
Difficulty in breathing can be relieved by this mudra.
Congested nose can be relieved by this mudra immediately and one can get good sleep.
It controls the flow of the menstrual cycle. Performing the Linga mudra with the Sun Mudra gives better results – both 15 minutes each, one after the other.
When navel center is shifted from its original place, comes back to its place by this mudra.
Linga Mudra(Mark of Siva) generates excessive heat within the body
CSE presentation 050804-nikhil tandon.ppt
1. OBESITY: AN EMERGING
THREAT
Dr. Nikhil Tandon
Additional Professor
Department of Endocrinology
All India Institute of Medical Sciences
New Delhi
2.
3.
4.
5.
6. PREVALENCE OF OBESITY IN DELHI SCHOOL CHILDREN
FROM DIFFERENT SOCIO -ECONOMIC GROUPS
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
Private Boys Girls Govt.
Total
Non-obese
Obese /Overwt.
23.9
28.7
1.5
24.4
Tandon and colleagues, 2004
7. Obesity in Children and Young Adults
17
16
21
17
0
5
10
15
20
25 Males
Females
Obesity Abdominal
Obesity
Misra and colleagues, International Journal of Obesity, 2004
8. Childhood Obesity is the Important
Determinant for Diabetes in Children
Snapshot
•Youth-onset Type 2 diabetes
is a real concern in many
countries
•Our data show that increase
fat over chest and abdomen is
a extremely important
determinant of youth-onset
diabetes
9. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Children, Adolescents and
Young Adult Asian Indians (CAYA-2DM Trial):
A Multicenter Collaborative study
Objective
To study the anthropometric, biochemical and
immunological profiles of children, adolescents and
young adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus and
compare them with age-matched healthy controls
10. Subjects:
• 31 patients; 59 age-matched healthy controls
Anthropometric Profile:
• Body mass index, waist circumference, waist-hip
ratio, skinfold thickness at 8 sites
• Percentage body fat by two-point bioelectrical
impedance
CAYA-2DM Trial
Methods
13. CAYA-2DM Trial
Comparison of Cases and Controls
Variable(s) Cases (n=31) Controls (n=59)
Overweight (BMI>25 kg/m2) 42.9 8.5**
High %BF (>25% M, >30% F) 59.3 19.0**
High WC (>102 cm M, > 88 F) 21.4 5.1*
High W-HR (>0.95 M,> 0.80 F) 46.4 10.36**
Hypercholesterolemia (>200 mg/dL) 21.4 5.1*
Hypertriglyceridemia (>150 mg/dL) 39.3 5.1**
Low HDL-C (< 40 M, < 50 F) 46.4 23.7*
High LDL-C (>130 mg/dL) 7.1 5.1
*:p<0.05; **: p<0.01; ***: p<0.001
14. Generalized (high BMI) as well as abdominal
obesity (high W-HR) are the most important
predictors for early onset of IGT and T2DM in
Asian Indians.
CAYA-2DM Trial
Conclusions
15. How to Predict Diabetes in Children
Parameter Risk
Abdominal obesity & family
history of diabetes
68 times
16.
17. CAYA-2DM Trial
Weight Percentiles of Cases:
Birth and Current
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Birthweight Present weight
Percentiles
18. Figure 3: BMI in subjects with IGT/IFG/DM (red line) and lowest
quartile for 120 minute plasma glucose (green line).
Age (years)
30
28
26
24
22
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
Mean
Z
Score
.4
.3
.2
.1
-.0
-.1
-.2
-.3
IGT/IFG/DM
low 120 min glucose
Cohort mean
19. Table 2: Prevalence (%) of High Normal Blood Pressure, Impaired Glucose Tolerance and
Obesity in Relation to Adiposity Rebound Age
Adiposity rebound
age (years)
High normal BP IGT/IFG/DM Obesity
(BMI ³30kg/m
2
)
2 and 3 24.5 20.2 20.5
4 and 5 24.1 18.5 18.8
6 23.5 13.1 14.3
7 17.0 13.4 9.8
8 17.6 10.2 4.9
9 15.5 13.0 1.5
Total 19.7 13.7 10.7
p value for linear
trend
0.008 0.009 0.000
20. ISSUES
• Increasing obesity
• Contributory factors:
- calorie dense food
- consumption of processed foods
- limited physical activity
- sedentary interests: computers, TV,
video games
• THE SEED FOR ADULT OBESITY IS
SOWN EARLY - CHILDHOOD
21. INTERVENTIONS
• Catch them young - school age children
must be targeted
• Increase awareness: media; school teachers;
governmental and NGO effort
• Minimise advertising pressure for “junk
foods”
• School play grounds; “Games periods”
• Health food in school canteens
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