Microfiber

Welcome To our
presentation
on

Microfiber
Prepared By :
Md. Salim Azad Didar # 2010000400038
Md. Ubaydur Rahman # 2010000400039
Md. Foysal Mridha

# 2010000400037

Rezaul Karim

# 2010000400036

Morshed Chowdhury

# 2009200400121

Rumman Al Hasan

# 2009200400086

Overview
Understanding Microfiber

Nanotechnology
 Bicomponent Fiber
 Common Bicomponent Configuration
Microfiber
Microfiber Manufacturing Process & Technology
Electrospinning
 Apparatus
 Process
 Parameters
Application of Microfiber
General Properties
Characterizes of Microfiber
Uses
Microfiber Products
Benefit of Microspun Microfiber


Md. Ubaydur
Rahman

Md. Salim Azad
Didar

Morshed
Chowdhury
Md. Faisal
Mridha
Rezaul Karim
Rumman Al
Hasan

Nanotechnology
Nanotechnology is the study of manipulating matter
on an atomic and molecular scale.
One nanometer (nm) is one billionth, or 10−9, of
a meter
Micro- (μ) is a prefix in the SI and other systems
of units denoting a factor of 10−6 (one
millionth).
 The

Nonwoven Industry generally considers
nanofibers as having a diameter of less than one
micron.

Figure: Comparison between human hair
and nanofiber web.

Figure: Entrapped pollen spore on nanofiber web

Bicomponent Fibers
Bicomponent fibers is comprised of two polymers of
different chemical and / or physical properties extruded
from the same spinneret with both polymers within the
same filament.
 The polymers given below can be used as either of the
components in the cross sections :
 PET (Polyester)
 PEN Polyester
 Nylon 6,6
 Polypropylene
 Polylactic Acid
 Polystyrene
 Polyurethane


Common Bicomponent
Configurations:
SIDE-BY-SIDE (S/S)
 SHEATH-CORE (S/C) FIBERS:
Eccentric Sheath/Core
Concentric Sheath/Core
 MATRIX-FIBRIL BICOMPONENT FIBERS:
Three Islands
Islands/Sea
 SEGMENTED PIE STRUCTURE:
Hollow Pie Wedge
Pie Wedge


SHEATH-CORE (S/C) FIBERS

SEGMENTED PIE STRUCTURE

Other Bicomponent Fibers Variants:

•Microfibers are synthetic fibers that measure less than
one denier.
• Denier is the measurement of linear density and is used
to describe the size of a fiber or filament. Over 9000
meters of a one-denier fiber weighs over one gram.
• The most common types of microfibers are made from
polyesters, polyamides and or a conjugation of polyester
and polyamide to obtain specific properties
•Textile synthetic microfibers such as polyester microfibers
have a diameter of about 10 microns or less.
•They are exceptionally strong and ultra fine - four times
finer than wool fiber, three times finer than cotton fiber and
twice as fine as silk fiber.

•A microfiber's diameter often measures half of a silk fiber
and allows producing very lightweight fabrics with excellent
draping qualities, wearing comfort and luxurious appearance.
• When woven appropriately microfiber fabrics have even
more properties:
Good isolation
Impermeability
Breathing ability
Wrinkle-resistance
Stain-resistance
Easy wash ability.

Microfiber manufacturing Process and
Technology


Currently, most non-woven micro- or nanofiber webs
are produced by:

 Melt Spinning
 Electrospinning

 Melt Blowing

But this processes have limitations. Due to their limitations a
new technique has been developed using elements of both
electrospinning and melt blowing technologies called

Solution Blow Spinning Technique
This process has the advantage of having a fiber production rate
(measured by the polymer injection rate) several times higher.

Solution Blow
spinning
Technique

ElectroSpinning

Melt Blowing

Electrospinning

•Electrospinning is a process by which polymer nanofibers can be
produced using an electrostatically driven jet of polymer solution

•Electrospinning produces fiber diameters usually in the range of 40
nm to 2 µm.

Electrospinning is applicable to a wide range of polymers like those
used
in
conventional
spinning,
i.e.
polyolefin, polyamides, polyester, aramid, acrylic as well as bio polymers
like proteins, DNA, polypeptides, or others like electric conducting and
photonic polymers.
The high specific surface area and small pore size of electro spun
nanofibers make them interesting candidates for a wide variety of
applications.

Apparatus for electrospinning Process

Process


When a sufficiently high voltage is applied to a liquid droplet, the
body of the liquid becomes charged



At a critical point a stream of liquid erupts from the surface. This
point of eruption is known as the Taylor cone.



If the molecular cohesion of the liquid is sufficiently high, a charged
liquid jet is formed.



As the jet dries in flight, the mode of current flow changes from ohmic
to convective as the charge migrates to the surface of the fiber.



The jet is then elongated by a whipping process caused by
electrostatic repulsion initiated at small bends in the fiber, until it is
finally deposited on the grounded collector.



The elongation and thinning of the fiber resulting from this bending
instability leads to the formation of uniform fibers with nanometer and
micrometer-scale diameters.

Parameters


Molecular Weight, Molecular-Weight Distribution and
Architecture (branched, linear etc.) of the polymer



Solution properties (viscosity, conductivity and surface
tension)



Electric potential, flow rate and concentration



Distance between the capillary and collection screen



Ambient parameters (temperature, humidity and air
velocity in the chamber)



Motion of target screen (collector)

Application of microfiber
Cleaning microfibers are engineered to make them very sensitive to the
capillary effect. The action of splitting microfibers releases the
polyamide star shaped core of the fiber while multiplying the number of
strands available on a same volume. It thus enhances the sorption
properties of the microfiber fabric.
Surface tension contributes to what
is called the capillary effect

In Electrostatic microfiber a charged microfiber cloth do not even
need to make contact with dust, it just attracts them from where they
lie due to static electricity.
The molecular composition of polyester and nylon make them
highly lipophilic. Once again split microfibers while offering a
wider available surface can scoop up fatty substances much more
efficiently than other fibers.
As for apparels, microfibers have been long employed for their
water repelling and breathing properties.
Many more applications have appeared since involving advanced
technologies: anti-bacterial and anti-odour properties, electricity
generation.

General Properties
Basic Microfiber

• Thoroughly removes dust, allergens, and bacteria
•Antibacterial - Proven wipe surface 99% bacteria free without using
chemicals and without cross-contamination

• Highly absorbent – Microfiber can hold up to 7 times its weight in liquids
• Limitless utility - Use for household chores, auto detailing, and even
personal use
• Non-abrasive - Safe to use on stainless steel, crystal, cars
• Effortless cleaning - tiny microfibers get into cracks and crevices to get
those hard to reach spots
• Multifunctional - Use wet for tough cleaning jobs or dry for dusting

General Properties
Microfiber Fabrics
•Microfiber fabrics are generally lightweight, resilient or resist wrinkling,
have a luxurious drape and body, retain shape, and resist pilling.
•They are relatively strong and durable in relation to other fabrics of similar
weight.
•As microfibers are fine, many fibers can be packed together very tightly.
•With many more fine fibers required to form a yarn, greater fiber surface
area results making deeper, richer and brighter colors possible.
•Microfibers work well in garments requiring wind resistance and water
repellency. Yet, the spaces between the yarns are porous enough to breathe
and wick body moisture away from the body.

Characteristics of Microfibers














In spite of very fine
quality, microfibers have
exceptional strength
They are breathable fabrics.
Their comfort is similar to natural
fibers.
They are soft.
They are very durable.
They can be easily maintained
and cared for.
They retain their original shape.
They are windproof and water
resistant.
They have good moisture
wicking ability.
They have excellent drape.
They are light weight.

Uses
Clothing: Microfiber apparel is often used for athletic wear, such as
cycling jerseys, because the microfiber material wicks moisture (sweat)
away from the body, keeping the wearer cool and dry. Microfiber is also
very elastic, making it suitable for undergarments.

Insulation
Microfiber is widely used by car detailers to handle tasks such as
removing wax from paintwork, quick detailing, cleaning interior, cleaning
glass, and drying.
The straight and strong fibers of polyester and nylon - microfibers provide
flexible and silky performance because of its extensive fiber surface area.
Microfibers are used in diverse fabrics ratios to make different textile
garments, apparels and used most regularly in dress making.
Microfiber cloths are used to clean photographic lenses as they absorb
oily matter without being abrasive or leaving a residue

Microfiber Products
Microfiber Cloths

Microfiber mops

Microfiber Chenille Mitt

•Textile fibers are widely used for fine filtration in the disposable
cartridge filter market.
•The Amiad AMF2 filter uses fiber thread technology to create a selfcleaning filter system.
•The basic filtration element in a "Microfiber" filter is the "thread
cassette".
•Fine threads, which are 10 micron in diameter, are wound over a
rigid grooved base plate.
•Water flows through the thread layers into the grooves and channel
the water to specially designed outlets.
•The rigid base plate supports the thread layers and also plays a
major role in the cleaning process of the media.
•The filter cassettes are mounted on hollow collector pipes.

Benefits of using Microspun Microfiber
•Reduces the use of chemicals or solutions
•Nonabrasive to any surface, will not scratch and is lint free
•Lifts and traps dirt - cleans surfaces faster and better
•Glass and silver cleaning is made faster and more effective
•Thin design cleans tight spaces
•Microspun Microfiber is very sturdy and absorbent, can hold 4 to
7 times its weight
•There are no chemicals in the Microfiber cloths that will wash out
or wear away after washing
•Microspun Microfiber cloths stay soft after washing
•Due to its fineness and superior fiber surface area making -deep,
rich and bright colors achievable
•Less "sweaty" in warm weather than usual synthetics
•Quickly cleanable - clean just with water
•Highly intense and shrink-resistant
•Change without help - to establish lovely drape
•Very fine - finer than the most precise silk

Microfiber

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