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JPEG emerging standards
Prof. Touradj Ebrahimi
JPEG Convener
20 February 2016 1www.jpeg.org
JPEG Family of Standards
20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 2
XS
JPEG a strong and fast growing
ecosystem
20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 3
Source: KPCB 2014 Internet Trends, estimates based on publicly disclosed company data.
1995-96 Technology and Engineering
Emmy award (together with MPEG-2)
JPEG 2000 great impact on professional
markets
20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 4
2015 Technology and Engineering
Emmy award (JPEG 2000 interoperability)
JPEG 2000 framework
20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 5
Part 1/13
Core Codec
Part 2
Extensions
Part 10
3D Extensions
Part 9
JPIP
Part 3
MJPEG 2000
Part 6
JPM
Image Codec
Tools
File Format
Part 8
JPSEC
Part 11
JPWL
Part 14
JPXML
E2E Toolset
Extra Functionality
Codec Tools
Part 4
Compliance Testing
Part 5
Reference Software
Part 12
ISO Base Media
JPEG XR bridging a gap
20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 6
Complexity
Performance
JPEG
JPEG XR
JPEG vs JPEG 2000 vs JPEG XR
20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 7
JPEG XR not widely used!
20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 8
Other standards in Progress
20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 10
Advanced Image Coding (AIC)
– Evaluation methodologies and metrics
JPEG Systems
– Consolidated system layer structure
JPEG XT
– JPEG backward compatible HDR compression
Advanced Image Coding (AIC)
• Advanced Image Coding
– Part 1: Guidelines for codec evaluation
– Part 2: Evaluation procedure for assessing visually lossless coding
• Call for information issued in February 2015 to receive information on next generation
still image compression with superior compression efficiency, as well as other useful
features needed in future multimedia applications
• PCS 2015 Feature Event - Evaluation of current and future image compression
technologies
• ICIP 2016 Image Compression Grand Challenge - Evaluation of innovative ideas for
image compression technologies when compared to existing standards.
20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 11
Advanced Image Coding (AIC)
20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 12
woman
JPEG XT backward compatible
HDR
20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 13
• A JPEG legacy backward compatible HDR image compression
standard
JPEG XT design principles
• Exif and JFIF use APP marker of JPEG
– Reserved for application segments
20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 14
APP marker (0 to
15)
Format
APP0 JFIF, JFXX
APP1 Exif
APP2 ICC Profile
APP3 JPSearch Part2
APP14 Adobe
SOI APP1 DQT DHT SOF streamSOS EOI
WG1N5725
Start of
Image
(SOI)
APP11
(Residual
JPEG XT)
JPEG-1
Code-stream
End of
Image
(EOI)
JPEG XT File
JPEG XT design principles
• Two-layer coding, with base layer a legacy JPEG coded LDR and enhancement
layer the residual to produce the HDR
• Enhancement layer uses as much as possible JPEG Legacy coding tools
20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 15
JPEG XT profiles
20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 16
JPEG XT compression efficiency
20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 17
JPEG XT status
20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 18
Part Title WD CD DIS FDIS IS
1 Core Coding System 13/01 13/07 14/01 - 14/10
2 Coding of High Dynamic Range Images 13/10 14/01 14/04 - 14/10
3 Box File Format 14/05 14/07 15/02 - 15/06
4 Conformance Testing 15/02 16/02 16/06 - 17/02
5 Reference Software 14/07 15/06 16/02 - 16/06
6 IDR Integer Coding 14/05 14/07 15/02 15/06 16/02
7 HDR Floating-Point Coding 14/05 14/07 15/02 15/06 16/02
8 Lossless and Near-lossless Coding 14/07 15/02 15/06 - 16/02
9 Alpha Channel Coding 14/10 15/02 15/06 - 16/02
JPEG Privacy & Security
20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 19
SOI
APP1 (Exif)
EOI
SOI
APP1 (Exif)
EOI
APP11
(protected
metadata)
JPEG-1 decoder
JPEG Privacy &
Security
decoder
APP1 (Exif)
APP1 (Exif)
original JPEG
codestream
JPEG compatible
codestream with
data protection
Image Data
Image data
APP11
(protected
image data)
Image Data
APP11
(protected
metadata)
Image data
APP11
(protected
image data)
APP3 (JPSearch)
APP3 (JPSearch)
APP3 (JPSearch)
Should pictures be flat?
20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 20
JPEG PLENO
JPEG PLENO
targets a standard
framework for the
representation and
exchange of new imaging
modalities such as light-
field,
point-cloud and
holographic imaging.
20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 21
Plenoptic representation of visual
information
• 7D function P(a,q,l,t,x,y,z)
– view point
– wavelength
– time
20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 22
JPEG PLENO design principles
• One or limited number of representation models
• Well defined, specific and useful milestones
• Backward compatible with legacy JPEG
20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 23
Panorama
360 degree
Spatial photo
Point cloud
Light field
Holography
Spatial Photography
• Motion parallax
20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 24
Point-cloud Photography
20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 25
Light-field Photography
20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 26
Light-field Photography
20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 27
Light-field Photography
20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 28
Holography
20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 29
Holographic Microscopy
amplitude phase
JPEG PLENO Workshop
Warsaw, Poland – June 23rd, 2015 – Marriott Hotel Warsaw
14:00 Touradj Ebrahimi (JPEG Convenor - EPFL): "JPEG PLENO - Introduction and Scope"
Light-fields
14:15 Christian Perwaß (Raytrix GmbH, Germany): "Metrically Calibrated Multi-focus Plenoptic Camera and its Applications"
14:40 Joachim Keinert (Fraunhofer IIS, Germany): "Lightfield media production using camera arrays - use cases and requirements"
14:55 Peter Kovacs (Holografika, Hungary): "Light Field Displays"
15:20 Atanas Gotchev (Tampere University of Technology): "Content creation for light-field displays"
15:35 Roger Olsson (Mid Sweden University): "Objective evaluation and SotA compression solutions for plenoptic image content"
15:50 Discussion on compression of light field data (Requirements, use cases, technologies)
Point-clouds
16:30 Rufael Mekuria (CWI Netherlands): "Point Cloud Compression"
16:45 Discussion on compression of point cloud data (Requirements, use cases, technologies)
Holography
16:55 Małgorzata Kujawinska (Warsaw University of technology): "Holographic capturing and rendering systems, suitable data
representations for phase and amplitude"
17:10 Frederic Dufaux (TELECOM ParisTech, France): "Digital Holography Compression"
17:35 Discussion on compression of holographic data (Requirements, use cases, technologies)
17:50 Conclusions
20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 30
ICME 2016 Light-field image
compression Grand Challenge
20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 31
JPEG XS Light weight / Low Latency Image
Coding
• Modest compression
• Transparent quality
• Low complexity
• Low latency
20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 32
XS
JPEG XS Light weight / Low Latency Image
Coding
• Several applications identified:
– Broadcast applications and live production
– Live-production
– Digital Cinema
– Industrial vision
– Professional audio visual systems
– Consumer TV
– Mobile video
– Camera array based recordings
– Ultra high frame rate cameras
– Medical Imaging
– Video Surveillance and security
– Automotive Infotainment
– Camera manufacturers
– Set-top boxes
– Low-cost visual sensors in Internet of Things (IoT)
– HMD displays
• From the above a set of requirements and optional features extracted
20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 33
New Work Item
JPEG XS Transport over video links and IP
network
20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 34
Format Throughput Physical link Capacity Compression
2K / 60p / 422 / 10 bits 2.7 Gbps HD-SDI 1.33 Gbps ~ 2
2K / 120p / 422 / 10 bits 5.4 Gbps HD-SDI 1.33 Gbps ~ 4
4K / 60p / 422 / 10 bits 10.8 Gbps 3G-SDI 2.65 Gbps ~ 4
2K / 60p / 422 / 10 bits 2.7 Gbps 1G Ethernet (SMPTE2022 1/2) 0.85 Gbps ~ 3
2K / 60p / 444 / 12 bits 4.8 Gbps 1G Ethernet (SMPTE 2022 6) 0.85 Gbps ~ 6
4K / 60p / 422 / 10 bits 10.8 Gbps
10G Ethernet
(SMPTE2022 1/2)
8.5 Gbps ~ 1.3
3x [4K / 60p / 422 / 10 bits] 32.4 Gbps
10G Ethernet
(SMPTE2022 6)
7.96 Gbps ~ 4
4K / 60p / 444 / 12 bits 19 Gbps
10G Ethernet
(SMPTE2022 1/2)
8.5 Gbps ~ 2.2
2x [4K / 60p / 444 / 12 bits] 37.9 Gbps
10G Ethernet
(SMPTE2022 6)
7.96 Gbps ~ 5
8K / 120p / 422 / 10 bits 85 Gbps 25G Ethernet 21,25 Gbps ~ 4
JPEG XS work plan and schedule
20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 35
Meeting Status Date
71st JPEG meeting CfP 16/02
72nd JPEG meeting Submission of proposals 16/06-
16/10
73rd JPEG meeting WD1 16/10
74th JPEG meeting WD2 17/02
75th JPEG meeting CD 17/06
76th JPEG meeting DIS 17/10
78th JPEG meeting IS 18/06
Conclusions
• JPEG is exploring several paths to serve future imaging needs
– Advanced Image Coding
– JPEG XT
– JPEG Privacy & Security
– JPEG PLENO
– JPEG XS
• Two exciting workshops have been organized on Tuesday 23rd February
2016 during JPEG meeting in La Jolla, CA
– JPEG XS Workshop – Use cases for a low-latency lightweight image coding
system
– JPEG Privacy & Security 2nd Workshop
20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 36
More information
20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 37
Prof. Touradj Ebrahimi
JPEG Convener
École Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne (EPFL)
Touradj.Ebrahimi@epfl.ch
Prof. Peter Schelkens
JPEG Public Relations Chair
JPEG Coding & Analysis Chair
Vrije Universiteit Brussel - iMinds
Peter.Schelkens@vub.ac.be
www.jpeg.org/contact.html
Acknowledgements
Tim Bruylants, Antonin Decampe, Jamie Delgago, Karel Fliegel,
Philippe Hanhart, Takaaki Ishikawa, Lukas Krasula, Fernando Pereira,
Antonio Pinheiro, Martin Rerabek, Thomas Richter, Gael Rouvroy,
Peter Schelkens, Frederik Temmermans
20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 38
Questions?
20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 39
XS

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JPEG emerging standards

  • 1. JPEG emerging standards Prof. Touradj Ebrahimi JPEG Convener 20 February 2016 1www.jpeg.org
  • 2. JPEG Family of Standards 20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 2 XS
  • 3. JPEG a strong and fast growing ecosystem 20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 3 Source: KPCB 2014 Internet Trends, estimates based on publicly disclosed company data. 1995-96 Technology and Engineering Emmy award (together with MPEG-2)
  • 4. JPEG 2000 great impact on professional markets 20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 4 2015 Technology and Engineering Emmy award (JPEG 2000 interoperability)
  • 5. JPEG 2000 framework 20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 5 Part 1/13 Core Codec Part 2 Extensions Part 10 3D Extensions Part 9 JPIP Part 3 MJPEG 2000 Part 6 JPM Image Codec Tools File Format Part 8 JPSEC Part 11 JPWL Part 14 JPXML E2E Toolset Extra Functionality Codec Tools Part 4 Compliance Testing Part 5 Reference Software Part 12 ISO Base Media
  • 6. JPEG XR bridging a gap 20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 6 Complexity Performance JPEG JPEG XR
  • 7. JPEG vs JPEG 2000 vs JPEG XR 20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 7
  • 8. JPEG XR not widely used! 20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 8
  • 9. Other standards in Progress 20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 10 Advanced Image Coding (AIC) – Evaluation methodologies and metrics JPEG Systems – Consolidated system layer structure JPEG XT – JPEG backward compatible HDR compression
  • 10. Advanced Image Coding (AIC) • Advanced Image Coding – Part 1: Guidelines for codec evaluation – Part 2: Evaluation procedure for assessing visually lossless coding • Call for information issued in February 2015 to receive information on next generation still image compression with superior compression efficiency, as well as other useful features needed in future multimedia applications • PCS 2015 Feature Event - Evaluation of current and future image compression technologies • ICIP 2016 Image Compression Grand Challenge - Evaluation of innovative ideas for image compression technologies when compared to existing standards. 20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 11
  • 11. Advanced Image Coding (AIC) 20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 12 woman
  • 12. JPEG XT backward compatible HDR 20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 13 • A JPEG legacy backward compatible HDR image compression standard
  • 13. JPEG XT design principles • Exif and JFIF use APP marker of JPEG – Reserved for application segments 20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 14 APP marker (0 to 15) Format APP0 JFIF, JFXX APP1 Exif APP2 ICC Profile APP3 JPSearch Part2 APP14 Adobe SOI APP1 DQT DHT SOF streamSOS EOI WG1N5725 Start of Image (SOI) APP11 (Residual JPEG XT) JPEG-1 Code-stream End of Image (EOI) JPEG XT File
  • 14. JPEG XT design principles • Two-layer coding, with base layer a legacy JPEG coded LDR and enhancement layer the residual to produce the HDR • Enhancement layer uses as much as possible JPEG Legacy coding tools 20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 15
  • 15. JPEG XT profiles 20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 16
  • 16. JPEG XT compression efficiency 20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 17
  • 17. JPEG XT status 20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 18 Part Title WD CD DIS FDIS IS 1 Core Coding System 13/01 13/07 14/01 - 14/10 2 Coding of High Dynamic Range Images 13/10 14/01 14/04 - 14/10 3 Box File Format 14/05 14/07 15/02 - 15/06 4 Conformance Testing 15/02 16/02 16/06 - 17/02 5 Reference Software 14/07 15/06 16/02 - 16/06 6 IDR Integer Coding 14/05 14/07 15/02 15/06 16/02 7 HDR Floating-Point Coding 14/05 14/07 15/02 15/06 16/02 8 Lossless and Near-lossless Coding 14/07 15/02 15/06 - 16/02 9 Alpha Channel Coding 14/10 15/02 15/06 - 16/02
  • 18. JPEG Privacy & Security 20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 19 SOI APP1 (Exif) EOI SOI APP1 (Exif) EOI APP11 (protected metadata) JPEG-1 decoder JPEG Privacy & Security decoder APP1 (Exif) APP1 (Exif) original JPEG codestream JPEG compatible codestream with data protection Image Data Image data APP11 (protected image data) Image Data APP11 (protected metadata) Image data APP11 (protected image data) APP3 (JPSearch) APP3 (JPSearch) APP3 (JPSearch)
  • 19. Should pictures be flat? 20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 20
  • 20. JPEG PLENO JPEG PLENO targets a standard framework for the representation and exchange of new imaging modalities such as light- field, point-cloud and holographic imaging. 20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 21
  • 21. Plenoptic representation of visual information • 7D function P(a,q,l,t,x,y,z) – view point – wavelength – time 20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 22
  • 22. JPEG PLENO design principles • One or limited number of representation models • Well defined, specific and useful milestones • Backward compatible with legacy JPEG 20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 23 Panorama 360 degree Spatial photo Point cloud Light field Holography
  • 23. Spatial Photography • Motion parallax 20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 24
  • 24. Point-cloud Photography 20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 25
  • 25. Light-field Photography 20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 26
  • 26. Light-field Photography 20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 27
  • 27. Light-field Photography 20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 28
  • 28. Holography 20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 29 Holographic Microscopy amplitude phase
  • 29. JPEG PLENO Workshop Warsaw, Poland – June 23rd, 2015 – Marriott Hotel Warsaw 14:00 Touradj Ebrahimi (JPEG Convenor - EPFL): "JPEG PLENO - Introduction and Scope" Light-fields 14:15 Christian Perwaß (Raytrix GmbH, Germany): "Metrically Calibrated Multi-focus Plenoptic Camera and its Applications" 14:40 Joachim Keinert (Fraunhofer IIS, Germany): "Lightfield media production using camera arrays - use cases and requirements" 14:55 Peter Kovacs (Holografika, Hungary): "Light Field Displays" 15:20 Atanas Gotchev (Tampere University of Technology): "Content creation for light-field displays" 15:35 Roger Olsson (Mid Sweden University): "Objective evaluation and SotA compression solutions for plenoptic image content" 15:50 Discussion on compression of light field data (Requirements, use cases, technologies) Point-clouds 16:30 Rufael Mekuria (CWI Netherlands): "Point Cloud Compression" 16:45 Discussion on compression of point cloud data (Requirements, use cases, technologies) Holography 16:55 Małgorzata Kujawinska (Warsaw University of technology): "Holographic capturing and rendering systems, suitable data representations for phase and amplitude" 17:10 Frederic Dufaux (TELECOM ParisTech, France): "Digital Holography Compression" 17:35 Discussion on compression of holographic data (Requirements, use cases, technologies) 17:50 Conclusions 20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 30
  • 30. ICME 2016 Light-field image compression Grand Challenge 20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 31
  • 31. JPEG XS Light weight / Low Latency Image Coding • Modest compression • Transparent quality • Low complexity • Low latency 20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 32 XS
  • 32. JPEG XS Light weight / Low Latency Image Coding • Several applications identified: – Broadcast applications and live production – Live-production – Digital Cinema – Industrial vision – Professional audio visual systems – Consumer TV – Mobile video – Camera array based recordings – Ultra high frame rate cameras – Medical Imaging – Video Surveillance and security – Automotive Infotainment – Camera manufacturers – Set-top boxes – Low-cost visual sensors in Internet of Things (IoT) – HMD displays • From the above a set of requirements and optional features extracted 20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 33 New Work Item
  • 33. JPEG XS Transport over video links and IP network 20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 34 Format Throughput Physical link Capacity Compression 2K / 60p / 422 / 10 bits 2.7 Gbps HD-SDI 1.33 Gbps ~ 2 2K / 120p / 422 / 10 bits 5.4 Gbps HD-SDI 1.33 Gbps ~ 4 4K / 60p / 422 / 10 bits 10.8 Gbps 3G-SDI 2.65 Gbps ~ 4 2K / 60p / 422 / 10 bits 2.7 Gbps 1G Ethernet (SMPTE2022 1/2) 0.85 Gbps ~ 3 2K / 60p / 444 / 12 bits 4.8 Gbps 1G Ethernet (SMPTE 2022 6) 0.85 Gbps ~ 6 4K / 60p / 422 / 10 bits 10.8 Gbps 10G Ethernet (SMPTE2022 1/2) 8.5 Gbps ~ 1.3 3x [4K / 60p / 422 / 10 bits] 32.4 Gbps 10G Ethernet (SMPTE2022 6) 7.96 Gbps ~ 4 4K / 60p / 444 / 12 bits 19 Gbps 10G Ethernet (SMPTE2022 1/2) 8.5 Gbps ~ 2.2 2x [4K / 60p / 444 / 12 bits] 37.9 Gbps 10G Ethernet (SMPTE2022 6) 7.96 Gbps ~ 5 8K / 120p / 422 / 10 bits 85 Gbps 25G Ethernet 21,25 Gbps ~ 4
  • 34. JPEG XS work plan and schedule 20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 35 Meeting Status Date 71st JPEG meeting CfP 16/02 72nd JPEG meeting Submission of proposals 16/06- 16/10 73rd JPEG meeting WD1 16/10 74th JPEG meeting WD2 17/02 75th JPEG meeting CD 17/06 76th JPEG meeting DIS 17/10 78th JPEG meeting IS 18/06
  • 35. Conclusions • JPEG is exploring several paths to serve future imaging needs – Advanced Image Coding – JPEG XT – JPEG Privacy & Security – JPEG PLENO – JPEG XS • Two exciting workshops have been organized on Tuesday 23rd February 2016 during JPEG meeting in La Jolla, CA – JPEG XS Workshop – Use cases for a low-latency lightweight image coding system – JPEG Privacy & Security 2nd Workshop 20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 36
  • 36. More information 20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 37 Prof. Touradj Ebrahimi JPEG Convener École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Touradj.Ebrahimi@epfl.ch Prof. Peter Schelkens JPEG Public Relations Chair JPEG Coding & Analysis Chair Vrije Universiteit Brussel - iMinds Peter.Schelkens@vub.ac.be www.jpeg.org/contact.html
  • 37. Acknowledgements Tim Bruylants, Antonin Decampe, Jamie Delgago, Karel Fliegel, Philippe Hanhart, Takaaki Ishikawa, Lukas Krasula, Fernando Pereira, Antonio Pinheiro, Martin Rerabek, Thomas Richter, Gael Rouvroy, Peter Schelkens, Frederik Temmermans 20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 38
  • 38. Questions? 20 February 2016 www.jpeg.org 39 XS

Editor's Notes

  1. Illustrate the gradual increase in complexity and functionality File Format: address the issue of many file formats around and attempts to create consistency/interoperability -> box-based file format based on Apple Quicktime = ISO Base File Format
  2. Forward compatibility is the ability of a design to gracefully accept input intended for later versions of itself. The concept can be applied to entire systems, electrical interfaces, telecommunication signals, data communication protocols, file formats, and computer programming languages. A standard supports forward compatibility if older product versions can receive, read, view, play or execute the new standard gracefully, perhaps without supporting all new features. In telecommunications and computing, a product or technology is backward compatible (BC)[1] or downward compatible if it can work with input generated by an older product or technology such as a legacy system.[2] If products designed for the new standard can receive, read, view or play older standards or formats, then the product is said to be backward-compatible; examples of such a standard include data formats and communication protocols. Modifications to a system that do not allow backward compatibility are sometimes called "breaking changes."
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