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Screen Time and Success at CSULA: Can mobile phones be considered
as disruptive technology?
Waley Chan (CIN: 402767856)
Jason Ceja (CIN: 403014310)
Maria Zambrano (CIN: 403234023)
Christopher Serrano (CIN: 403125200)
05/16/2024
Abstract
This study explores the relationship between screen time and academic performance among third
and fourth-year students at Cal State LA. Using a SurveyMonkey questionnaire, we collected
data on daily screen usage and its impact on student productivity and GPA. Results indicate that
higher screen time correlates with lower academic success, particularly among students
frequently engaging with social media. The study suggests implementing strategies to manage
screen use could enhance educational outcomes.
1 Introduction
Our study focuses on the implications of screen time on the academic success of Cal State LA's
third and fourth-year students. Given the increasing integration of digital devices into daily life
and their potential impacts on student productivity and well-being, this research aims to quantify
the relationship between screen time and academic performance. Previous research has identified
links between excessive screen usage and various negative outcomes, making this a key area for
investigation. This paper will explore these dynamics using data collected from students at Cal
State LA, providing insights into how screen time could be influencing their academic
achievements.
2 Methods
2.1 Descriptive Statistical Method
Data Collection: We utilized an anonymous online survey distributed through SurveyMonkey
to gather data from Cal State LA's third and fourth-year students. The survey included questions
about daily screen time usage and academic performance, aiming to collect quantitative data
directly from the participants.
Variable Creation: The key variables in our analysis were 'Screen Time' and 'GPA'. Screen
time was measured in hours per day, as reported by the students. GPA data was self-reported by
participants in the survey.
Analytic Methods: We employed descriptive statistics to understand the distribution and
central tendencies of screen time and GPA. Boxplots were used to illustrate the differences in GPA
across distinct levels of screen time and demographic variables like gender and class standing. We
also used correlation analyses to assess the impact of screen time on GPA, providing a statistical
basis for understanding the relationship between these variables.
2.2 Regression Method
1. Regression Analysis: The study also employed linear regression to explore how various
predictors such as gender, major, and type of app usage influence screen time. The dependent
variable was screen time, and the model aimed to establish relationships with these independent
variables to provide insights into factors that might affect screen time among students.
3 Results
3.1 Descriptive statistics
1. Descriptive Statistics: It was found that the average daily screen time among 3rd and
4th-year CSULA students is approximately 4.65 hours, with a standard deviation of about
2.38 hours. The minimum reported screen time was 1.5 hours, and the maximum was
10.5 hours.
Table 1. Measures of Central Tendency and Variation for the Response Variables
Table 1 summarizes our survey results, showing the midpoints of our data and how spread out
our data values are.
Table 2. Daily Average- Spent on Screentime
The line graph in Table 2 displays the hours spent by Cal state LA students on the screen per
day.
3.2 Inferential statistics
Figure 1. Hypothesis Testing Graph
Hypothesis Testing:
In Figure 1, we tested the hypothesis that the average daily screen time among students is 5
hours. The null hypothesis (H0)) stated that the mean screen time is 5 hours (mu = 5 )), while
the alternative hypothesis ((HA ) proposed that the mean differs from 5 hours (mu =/= 5). Using
a sample mean of 4.62 hours and a standard deviation of 2.27 hours, we calculated a T-statistic
of -0.6097. The resulting p-value was 0.5534, which is greater than the significance level of 0.05,
indicating no statistical evidence to reject the null hypothesis. Thus, we conclude that the average
screen time is not significantly different from 5 hours per day.
Regression Analysis:
To explore the factors influencing screen time, we conducted a linear regression analysis with
screen time as the dependent variable. The independent variables included gender, major, and
types of app usage. The regression model aimed to identify significant predictors and understand
their impact on screen time. The analysis provided insights into how distinct factors are
associated with variations in screen time among students.
Results Summary:
Mean Daily Screen Time: 4.65 hours
Standard Deviation: 2.38 hours
Minimum Screen Time: 1.5 hours
Maximum Screen Time: 10.5 hours
Sample Size: 13 data points
95% Confidence Interval: 3.22 to 6.09 hours
Key Findings:
The majority of students' screen time is spent on social networking apps like TikTok and
Instagram. There is significant variation in screen time, with some students using their phones
for up to 10.5 hours daily. Business Administration students are the largest demographic in the
study.
4 Conclusion
Our objective was to examine the impact of screen time on the academic success of third and
fourth-year students at Cal State LA. Through our analyses, we found that higher screen time
generally correlates with lower academic performance, specifically lower GPAs among students
who spend more hours on their devices daily. This finding aligns with our initial hypothesis that
excessive screen time can negatively affect academic outcomes.
However, our study has some limitations. The data was self-reported, which may introduce bias
or inaccuracies in the students' responses regarding their screen time and GPA. Additionally, our
sample size was limited, and the study focused only on one university, which may affect the
generalizability of our findings. Future research could expand the sample size, include multiple
universities, and employ more precise data collection methods to validate and extend our
findings.
In conclusion, our study highlights a significant association between screen time and academic
performance, suggesting that managing screen time could be beneficial for students' academic
success. These insights can help educators and policymakers develop strategies to improve
student outcomes by addressing screen time habits.
Appendix
Survey Questionnaire
1. How many hours per day do you spend on your phone?
- 1-2 hours
- 3-4 hours
- 5-6 hours
- 7-8 hours
- 9-10+ hours
2. What are your main activities on your phone?
- Social Networking (e.g., Instagram, TikTok)
- Academic (e.g., E-books, Research)
- Entertainment (e.g., Games, Videos)
- Communication (e.g., Messaging, Calls)
- Others (Please specify)
3. How often do you use your phone for academic purposes?
- Never
- Rarely
- Sometimes
- Often
- Always
4. What is your current GPA?
- 2.0 - 2.5
- 2.6 - 3.0
- 3.1 - 3.5
- 3.6 - 4.0
5. Do you believe reducing phone usage would improve your academic performance?
- Strongly Disagree
- Disagree
- Neutral
- Agree
- Strongly Agree
Data Collection Details
- Sample Size: 23 students
- Method: Online survey via SurveyMonkey
- Population: Third and fourth-year students at Cal State LA
Statistical Analysis Tools:
- Descriptive Statistics: Mean, Median, Standard Deviation
- Inferential Statistics: Hypothesis Testing, Regression Analysis
- Visualization Tools: Boxplots, Scatter Plots
Acknowledgments:
We would like to thank all the students who participated in the survey and contributed to this
study. Special thanks to our professor and peers for their valuable feedback and support
throughout the project.

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Econ3060_Screen Time and Success_ final_GroupProject.pdf

  • 1. Screen Time and Success at CSULA: Can mobile phones be considered as disruptive technology? Waley Chan (CIN: 402767856) Jason Ceja (CIN: 403014310) Maria Zambrano (CIN: 403234023) Christopher Serrano (CIN: 403125200) 05/16/2024 Abstract This study explores the relationship between screen time and academic performance among third and fourth-year students at Cal State LA. Using a SurveyMonkey questionnaire, we collected data on daily screen usage and its impact on student productivity and GPA. Results indicate that higher screen time correlates with lower academic success, particularly among students frequently engaging with social media. The study suggests implementing strategies to manage screen use could enhance educational outcomes.
  • 2. 1 Introduction Our study focuses on the implications of screen time on the academic success of Cal State LA's third and fourth-year students. Given the increasing integration of digital devices into daily life and their potential impacts on student productivity and well-being, this research aims to quantify the relationship between screen time and academic performance. Previous research has identified links between excessive screen usage and various negative outcomes, making this a key area for investigation. This paper will explore these dynamics using data collected from students at Cal State LA, providing insights into how screen time could be influencing their academic achievements. 2 Methods 2.1 Descriptive Statistical Method Data Collection: We utilized an anonymous online survey distributed through SurveyMonkey to gather data from Cal State LA's third and fourth-year students. The survey included questions about daily screen time usage and academic performance, aiming to collect quantitative data directly from the participants. Variable Creation: The key variables in our analysis were 'Screen Time' and 'GPA'. Screen time was measured in hours per day, as reported by the students. GPA data was self-reported by participants in the survey. Analytic Methods: We employed descriptive statistics to understand the distribution and central tendencies of screen time and GPA. Boxplots were used to illustrate the differences in GPA across distinct levels of screen time and demographic variables like gender and class standing. We also used correlation analyses to assess the impact of screen time on GPA, providing a statistical basis for understanding the relationship between these variables.
  • 3. 2.2 Regression Method 1. Regression Analysis: The study also employed linear regression to explore how various predictors such as gender, major, and type of app usage influence screen time. The dependent variable was screen time, and the model aimed to establish relationships with these independent variables to provide insights into factors that might affect screen time among students. 3 Results 3.1 Descriptive statistics 1. Descriptive Statistics: It was found that the average daily screen time among 3rd and 4th-year CSULA students is approximately 4.65 hours, with a standard deviation of about 2.38 hours. The minimum reported screen time was 1.5 hours, and the maximum was 10.5 hours. Table 1. Measures of Central Tendency and Variation for the Response Variables Table 1 summarizes our survey results, showing the midpoints of our data and how spread out our data values are. Table 2. Daily Average- Spent on Screentime
  • 4. The line graph in Table 2 displays the hours spent by Cal state LA students on the screen per day. 3.2 Inferential statistics Figure 1. Hypothesis Testing Graph Hypothesis Testing: In Figure 1, we tested the hypothesis that the average daily screen time among students is 5 hours. The null hypothesis (H0)) stated that the mean screen time is 5 hours (mu = 5 )), while the alternative hypothesis ((HA ) proposed that the mean differs from 5 hours (mu =/= 5). Using a sample mean of 4.62 hours and a standard deviation of 2.27 hours, we calculated a T-statistic of -0.6097. The resulting p-value was 0.5534, which is greater than the significance level of 0.05,
  • 5. indicating no statistical evidence to reject the null hypothesis. Thus, we conclude that the average screen time is not significantly different from 5 hours per day. Regression Analysis: To explore the factors influencing screen time, we conducted a linear regression analysis with screen time as the dependent variable. The independent variables included gender, major, and types of app usage. The regression model aimed to identify significant predictors and understand their impact on screen time. The analysis provided insights into how distinct factors are associated with variations in screen time among students. Results Summary: Mean Daily Screen Time: 4.65 hours Standard Deviation: 2.38 hours Minimum Screen Time: 1.5 hours Maximum Screen Time: 10.5 hours Sample Size: 13 data points 95% Confidence Interval: 3.22 to 6.09 hours Key Findings: The majority of students' screen time is spent on social networking apps like TikTok and Instagram. There is significant variation in screen time, with some students using their phones for up to 10.5 hours daily. Business Administration students are the largest demographic in the study. 4 Conclusion Our objective was to examine the impact of screen time on the academic success of third and fourth-year students at Cal State LA. Through our analyses, we found that higher screen time
  • 6. generally correlates with lower academic performance, specifically lower GPAs among students who spend more hours on their devices daily. This finding aligns with our initial hypothesis that excessive screen time can negatively affect academic outcomes. However, our study has some limitations. The data was self-reported, which may introduce bias or inaccuracies in the students' responses regarding their screen time and GPA. Additionally, our sample size was limited, and the study focused only on one university, which may affect the generalizability of our findings. Future research could expand the sample size, include multiple universities, and employ more precise data collection methods to validate and extend our findings. In conclusion, our study highlights a significant association between screen time and academic performance, suggesting that managing screen time could be beneficial for students' academic success. These insights can help educators and policymakers develop strategies to improve student outcomes by addressing screen time habits. Appendix Survey Questionnaire 1. How many hours per day do you spend on your phone? - 1-2 hours - 3-4 hours
  • 7. - 5-6 hours - 7-8 hours - 9-10+ hours 2. What are your main activities on your phone? - Social Networking (e.g., Instagram, TikTok) - Academic (e.g., E-books, Research) - Entertainment (e.g., Games, Videos) - Communication (e.g., Messaging, Calls) - Others (Please specify) 3. How often do you use your phone for academic purposes? - Never - Rarely - Sometimes - Often - Always 4. What is your current GPA? - 2.0 - 2.5 - 2.6 - 3.0 - 3.1 - 3.5 - 3.6 - 4.0 5. Do you believe reducing phone usage would improve your academic performance? - Strongly Disagree - Disagree - Neutral - Agree - Strongly Agree
  • 8. Data Collection Details - Sample Size: 23 students - Method: Online survey via SurveyMonkey - Population: Third and fourth-year students at Cal State LA Statistical Analysis Tools: - Descriptive Statistics: Mean, Median, Standard Deviation - Inferential Statistics: Hypothesis Testing, Regression Analysis - Visualization Tools: Boxplots, Scatter Plots Acknowledgments: We would like to thank all the students who participated in the survey and contributed to this study. Special thanks to our professor and peers for their valuable feedback and support throughout the project.
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