This document discusses several topics relating to computer ethics, including:
- The definition of computer ethics as the morally acceptable use of computers. Standards are important as technology changes outpace laws.
- Key issues include computers in the workplace, computer crime, privacy, intellectual property, and professional responsibility. Autonomous computers and computer use for engineering are also discussed.
- Primary computer ethics issues center around privacy, accuracy of data, property rights of information and software, and access to information. Problems can arise from large databases containing private information.
- The document examines internet issues, intellectual property rights, software licensing, computer crime, system quality concerns, and responsibilities of computer professionals. Health, environmental and quality of life impacts of computers are
Super billing computer ethics, privacy and securitysuperb11b
Super billing computer ethics, privacy and security
Here at Super Billing we provide you the service and personalization of custom designed and per-designed computers to suit all budget ranges and accessibility and with the help of our knowledgeable staff giving you the opportunity to pick out and know exactly what you are buying.
Computer ethics cyber security and technology of itsr24production
This document discusses several moral and legal issues related to computer ethics. It begins by noting that computers are involved in many aspects of modern life and often perform critical tasks, but the computer industry is not as highly regulated as other industries like medicine or transportation. It then outlines 10 principles or "commandments" of computer ethics related to issues like privacy, accuracy of information, intellectual property, and social impact of technology. The document also discusses concepts like ethics, ethical principles to consider when making decisions, and four primary issues in computer ethics around privacy, accuracy, property and access. It provides examples of problems that can arise with large databases and private networks, as well as laws related to privacy and intellectual property.
The document discusses the impact of information and communication technologies (ICT) in society. It outlines both positive and negative effects on employment, including job creation, replacement, and displacement. Automated production is discussed as replacing some labor jobs. Health issues for workers include repetitive strain injuries, electromagnetic emissions, and eye strain. ICT also contributes to environmental pollution and affects culture through increased internet usage and potential for computer crimes. The evolution of more advanced technologies like artificial intelligence and expanded internet access are also covered.
This document discusses five moral dimensions of information systems:
1) Information rights and privacy challenges from technology like cookies, web beacons, and spyware.
2) Challenges to intellectual property from easy digital copying and distribution online.
3) Accountability issues around who is liable for technology errors or injuries.
4) Ensuring adequate system quality given limits of perfect software and data input errors.
5) Potential negative social impacts on work-life balance, dependence on systems, rapid job changes, and new forms of computer crime and health issues.
This document discusses ethics and computer ethics. Ethics is defined as applying values to human behavior to guide conduct. Computer ethics examines ethical issues related to technology, such as privacy, property, access, and accuracy of information. Some common computer ethics issues involve hacking, software piracy, and ensuring privacy, accessibility, and accuracy of data. The document also outlines the "Ten Commandments of Computer Ethics" and discusses threats to information systems like computer viruses, software piracy, and hacking.
This document discusses information security and copyright in a healthcare context. It covers fair use principles, securing network information through authentication, authorization and other methods. It also discusses threats like hackers, viruses and insiders and tools to enhance security like firewalls and intrusion detection. The document concludes with questions about fair use of copyrighted material and appropriate use of patient information.
Lecture 8 privacy, security, ergonomics and the environment Jenny Coloma
The document discusses several topics related to computer use and security, including privacy issues, computer crimes, security measures, ergonomics, and health concerns. Specifically, it defines privacy and discusses issues around large databases and private networks. It also defines computer security and different types of computer crimes. The document outlines some security measures like passwords, antivirus software, firewalls, and backups. It defines ergonomics and its importance in reducing fatigue. Finally, it discusses the importance of considering mental and physical health for computer users.
Super billing computer ethics, privacy and securitysuperb11b
Super billing computer ethics, privacy and security
Here at Super Billing we provide you the service and personalization of custom designed and per-designed computers to suit all budget ranges and accessibility and with the help of our knowledgeable staff giving you the opportunity to pick out and know exactly what you are buying.
Computer ethics cyber security and technology of itsr24production
This document discusses several moral and legal issues related to computer ethics. It begins by noting that computers are involved in many aspects of modern life and often perform critical tasks, but the computer industry is not as highly regulated as other industries like medicine or transportation. It then outlines 10 principles or "commandments" of computer ethics related to issues like privacy, accuracy of information, intellectual property, and social impact of technology. The document also discusses concepts like ethics, ethical principles to consider when making decisions, and four primary issues in computer ethics around privacy, accuracy, property and access. It provides examples of problems that can arise with large databases and private networks, as well as laws related to privacy and intellectual property.
The document discusses the impact of information and communication technologies (ICT) in society. It outlines both positive and negative effects on employment, including job creation, replacement, and displacement. Automated production is discussed as replacing some labor jobs. Health issues for workers include repetitive strain injuries, electromagnetic emissions, and eye strain. ICT also contributes to environmental pollution and affects culture through increased internet usage and potential for computer crimes. The evolution of more advanced technologies like artificial intelligence and expanded internet access are also covered.
This document discusses five moral dimensions of information systems:
1) Information rights and privacy challenges from technology like cookies, web beacons, and spyware.
2) Challenges to intellectual property from easy digital copying and distribution online.
3) Accountability issues around who is liable for technology errors or injuries.
4) Ensuring adequate system quality given limits of perfect software and data input errors.
5) Potential negative social impacts on work-life balance, dependence on systems, rapid job changes, and new forms of computer crime and health issues.
This document discusses ethics and computer ethics. Ethics is defined as applying values to human behavior to guide conduct. Computer ethics examines ethical issues related to technology, such as privacy, property, access, and accuracy of information. Some common computer ethics issues involve hacking, software piracy, and ensuring privacy, accessibility, and accuracy of data. The document also outlines the "Ten Commandments of Computer Ethics" and discusses threats to information systems like computer viruses, software piracy, and hacking.
This document discusses information security and copyright in a healthcare context. It covers fair use principles, securing network information through authentication, authorization and other methods. It also discusses threats like hackers, viruses and insiders and tools to enhance security like firewalls and intrusion detection. The document concludes with questions about fair use of copyrighted material and appropriate use of patient information.
Lecture 8 privacy, security, ergonomics and the environment Jenny Coloma
The document discusses several topics related to computer use and security, including privacy issues, computer crimes, security measures, ergonomics, and health concerns. Specifically, it defines privacy and discusses issues around large databases and private networks. It also defines computer security and different types of computer crimes. The document outlines some security measures like passwords, antivirus software, firewalls, and backups. It defines ergonomics and its importance in reducing fatigue. Finally, it discusses the importance of considering mental and physical health for computer users.
This document discusses computer ethics and security. It covers netiquette rules for email, chat rooms and online communications. Areas of computer ethics discussed include information accuracy, green computing, codes of conduct, information privacy, and intellectual property. Computer security risks are also examined, such as malicious code, unauthorized access, hardware/software theft, information theft, and system failure. Ways to mitigate these risks through measures like encryption, firewalls, access controls, and uninterruptible power supplies are described.
This document discusses computer ethics and security. It covers netiquette rules for email, chat rooms and online communications. Areas of computer ethics discussed include information accuracy, green computing, codes of conduct, information privacy, and intellectual property. Computer security risks are also examined, such as malicious code, unauthorized access, hardware/software theft, information theft, and system failure. Ways to mitigate these risks include encryption, access controls, firewalls, anti-virus software, and uninterruptible power supplies.
Security & control in management information systemOnline
The document discusses security concepts in information systems including prevention of unauthorized access, modification, and deletion of information. It outlines unintentional threats like human error and intentional threats like criminal attacks. The goals of information security are prevention, detection, and response. Risks to applications and data include computer crime, hacking, cyber-theft, unauthorized work use, software piracy, and viruses/worms. Risks to hardware include natural disasters, blackouts, and vandalism. Major defense strategies are encryption, authentication, firewalls, email monitoring, antivirus software, backup files, security monitors, and biometric controls. The document also discusses disaster recovery, business recovery plans, and general controls to minimize errors and disasters.
The document discusses various topics related to the effects of using information and communication technologies (ICT), including software copyright issues, computer viruses and hacking, the impact of ICT on employment and online shopping/banking, internet security threats, and potential health and safety risks of ICT use. It provides information on software piracy prevention methods and explains concepts like encryption, phishing, and cookies.
This document discusses various topics related to IT security including security, testing, error detection, control, vulnerability, disaster management, computer crime, and securing networks. It provides information on different types of security like physical security, network security, and information security. It also covers principles of security, causes of accidents, types of computer crimes like hacking and cyber theft. Other topics include computer viruses and worms, different types of testing, error detection methods, and an overview of securing web applications and networks.
The document discusses security, privacy, and computer crimes related to computers and the internet. It covers types of computer crimes like hacking and different security measures to protect corporate data and personal information. Disaster recovery plans and backups are described as important protections against data loss. Viruses and other "pests" are explained as digital threats that can interfere with computer systems. The document also addresses privacy concerns with personal data being collected and stored in various computer files and databases.
The document discusses security, privacy, and computer crimes related to computers and the internet. It covers types of computer crimes like hacking and data theft. It describes ways to secure data through access controls, backups, and disaster recovery plans. It discusses threats like viruses, worms, and how to use antivirus software. It also addresses privacy issues and how personal data can be collected through various transactions and stored in databases.
This document summarizes key topics related to computer and internet security and privacy. It discusses types of computer crimes like hacking and different methods of securing systems through identification, access controls, and disaster recovery plans. It also covers topics like computer viruses, privacy issues with data collection, legislation, and protecting children online. The overall purpose is to explain security and privacy challenges with computers and provide guidance on best practices.
Computer Security and their social effect and their usage.rizwanshafique4321
This document discusses how to securely, safely, and ethically manage computers. It defines computer security risks such as hackers, crackers, and viruses. It describes different types of internet attacks like worms, Trojan horses, and denial of service attacks. It discusses ways to prevent unauthorized access like passwords, firewalls, and intrusion detection software. It also covers issues like software piracy, hardware theft, system failure, backing up data, health concerns, and computer ethics. The overall goal is to help users understand and address security threats while using computers responsibly.
This document discusses computing ethics and common issues related to it. It introduces computing ethics as the application of moral principles to computer and internet use, covering areas like intellectual property rights, privacy policies, and online etiquette. Some key issues covered include intellectual property through copyright and plagiarism, privacy concerns around hacking and malware, and effects of computers on society through their environmental and social impacts.
Questions of Ethics in Software DevelopmentJane Prusakova
Software has a lot of power to influence people’s lives and to encourage social change. With great power comes great responsibility. It is up to individuals involved in building software to decide what is right, ethical and moral, and these are not easy decisions.
This presentation considers the Code of Conduct adopted by Association for Computing Machinery, and of raises a number of ethical questions related to the fields of IT and software development. We will discuss real-world cases of software producers facing ethical dilemmas, and how these dilemmas can be approached.
The topics include considerations of privacy and information sharing, failing to deliver a service, security vulnerabilities and bugs, and building software that encourages evil behavior.
Briefly describe the research design
Who the target population
Was the sampling method and the sample size appropriate? Why?
Any selection bias in sampling and representativeness?
Does the article you selected have a model specification? If yes, is the specified model congruent with the conceptual framework? If no, what went wrong?
What method of data analysis did the author(s) use? Is it appropriate
1. The document discusses cyber security issues related to business networks, the internet, and future trends. It covers topics like viruses, hackers, identity theft, spyware, firewalls, passwords, and disaster recovery.
2. Mechanisms for protecting against cyber threats are examined, including keeping software updated, using antivirus software, installing spyware protection, implementing firewalls, and creating strong passwords.
3. Looking ahead, the future of cyber security will be shaped by emerging technologies, more internet-connected devices, increased amounts of personal data online, and growth in cloud computing services. Security challenges will rise as younger users and billions more devices come online.
Cyber hygiene refers to practices that users take to maintain the health, security and proper functioning of their devices and sensitive data. Maintaining cyber hygiene is important for both security and maintenance reasons. Some key cyber hygiene practices include regularly updating software and security programs, implementing strong password policies, backing up important data, and educating users on common online threats. Neglecting cyber hygiene can lead to issues like data loss, security breaches and vulnerabilities to malware and hacking. The document provides guidelines for developing an effective cyber hygiene routine and policy through practices such as documenting all systems, analyzing for vulnerabilities, and creating common security standards for users.
Safety and security in distributed systemsEinar Landre
This document discusses safety and security challenges with distributed systems. It notes that many industries involve critical functions supported by software-based systems. Two unique properties of software are that it cannot be fully inspected and the execution sequence is unknown. This can lead to common mode failures and issues from malware, hacking, and human error. The document advocates for rigorous systems engineering practices, safety and security architectures, standards, and addressing human factors to help ensure safe and secure operation of critical systems that are increasingly distributed and software-defined.
Safety and security in distributed systems Einar Landre
This document discusses safety and security challenges with distributed systems. It notes that many industries involve critical functions supported by software-based systems. Two unique properties of software are that it cannot be inspected like physical components and the execution sequence is unknown. This can lead to common mode failures and issues from malware, hacking, and human error. The document recommends rigorous systems engineering, safety and security architecture informed by standards, and addressing human factors from the start to help build high-integrity systems for critical functions.
A presentation specifically designed for non-technical decision makers who would like to understand Cyber Security and GDPR better, and how to protect their businesses.
This document discusses computer ethics, privacy, and security. It covers the importance of computer ethics as computers are involved in many aspects of life. It defines ethics as standards of moral conduct. Three useful ethical principles are discussed: whether an act benefits society, treats people as ends not means, and is fair to all parties. The document also covers privacy, accuracy, property, and access as key issues in computer ethics. It defines computer crime and common types like viruses, theft, and software piracy. Finally, it discusses the importance of computer security through access restrictions, backups, encryption, and disaster recovery plans to protect information, hardware, software, and networks from damage and unauthorized use.
This document discusses computer ethics and security. It covers netiquette rules for email, chat rooms and online communications. Areas of computer ethics discussed include information accuracy, green computing, codes of conduct, information privacy, and intellectual property. Computer security risks are also examined, such as malicious code, unauthorized access, hardware/software theft, information theft, and system failure. Ways to mitigate these risks through measures like encryption, firewalls, access controls, and uninterruptible power supplies are described.
This document discusses computer ethics and security. It covers netiquette rules for email, chat rooms and online communications. Areas of computer ethics discussed include information accuracy, green computing, codes of conduct, information privacy, and intellectual property. Computer security risks are also examined, such as malicious code, unauthorized access, hardware/software theft, information theft, and system failure. Ways to mitigate these risks include encryption, access controls, firewalls, anti-virus software, and uninterruptible power supplies.
Security & control in management information systemOnline
The document discusses security concepts in information systems including prevention of unauthorized access, modification, and deletion of information. It outlines unintentional threats like human error and intentional threats like criminal attacks. The goals of information security are prevention, detection, and response. Risks to applications and data include computer crime, hacking, cyber-theft, unauthorized work use, software piracy, and viruses/worms. Risks to hardware include natural disasters, blackouts, and vandalism. Major defense strategies are encryption, authentication, firewalls, email monitoring, antivirus software, backup files, security monitors, and biometric controls. The document also discusses disaster recovery, business recovery plans, and general controls to minimize errors and disasters.
The document discusses various topics related to the effects of using information and communication technologies (ICT), including software copyright issues, computer viruses and hacking, the impact of ICT on employment and online shopping/banking, internet security threats, and potential health and safety risks of ICT use. It provides information on software piracy prevention methods and explains concepts like encryption, phishing, and cookies.
This document discusses various topics related to IT security including security, testing, error detection, control, vulnerability, disaster management, computer crime, and securing networks. It provides information on different types of security like physical security, network security, and information security. It also covers principles of security, causes of accidents, types of computer crimes like hacking and cyber theft. Other topics include computer viruses and worms, different types of testing, error detection methods, and an overview of securing web applications and networks.
The document discusses security, privacy, and computer crimes related to computers and the internet. It covers types of computer crimes like hacking and different security measures to protect corporate data and personal information. Disaster recovery plans and backups are described as important protections against data loss. Viruses and other "pests" are explained as digital threats that can interfere with computer systems. The document also addresses privacy concerns with personal data being collected and stored in various computer files and databases.
The document discusses security, privacy, and computer crimes related to computers and the internet. It covers types of computer crimes like hacking and data theft. It describes ways to secure data through access controls, backups, and disaster recovery plans. It discusses threats like viruses, worms, and how to use antivirus software. It also addresses privacy issues and how personal data can be collected through various transactions and stored in databases.
This document summarizes key topics related to computer and internet security and privacy. It discusses types of computer crimes like hacking and different methods of securing systems through identification, access controls, and disaster recovery plans. It also covers topics like computer viruses, privacy issues with data collection, legislation, and protecting children online. The overall purpose is to explain security and privacy challenges with computers and provide guidance on best practices.
Computer Security and their social effect and their usage.rizwanshafique4321
This document discusses how to securely, safely, and ethically manage computers. It defines computer security risks such as hackers, crackers, and viruses. It describes different types of internet attacks like worms, Trojan horses, and denial of service attacks. It discusses ways to prevent unauthorized access like passwords, firewalls, and intrusion detection software. It also covers issues like software piracy, hardware theft, system failure, backing up data, health concerns, and computer ethics. The overall goal is to help users understand and address security threats while using computers responsibly.
This document discusses computing ethics and common issues related to it. It introduces computing ethics as the application of moral principles to computer and internet use, covering areas like intellectual property rights, privacy policies, and online etiquette. Some key issues covered include intellectual property through copyright and plagiarism, privacy concerns around hacking and malware, and effects of computers on society through their environmental and social impacts.
Questions of Ethics in Software DevelopmentJane Prusakova
Software has a lot of power to influence people’s lives and to encourage social change. With great power comes great responsibility. It is up to individuals involved in building software to decide what is right, ethical and moral, and these are not easy decisions.
This presentation considers the Code of Conduct adopted by Association for Computing Machinery, and of raises a number of ethical questions related to the fields of IT and software development. We will discuss real-world cases of software producers facing ethical dilemmas, and how these dilemmas can be approached.
The topics include considerations of privacy and information sharing, failing to deliver a service, security vulnerabilities and bugs, and building software that encourages evil behavior.
Briefly describe the research design
Who the target population
Was the sampling method and the sample size appropriate? Why?
Any selection bias in sampling and representativeness?
Does the article you selected have a model specification? If yes, is the specified model congruent with the conceptual framework? If no, what went wrong?
What method of data analysis did the author(s) use? Is it appropriate
1. The document discusses cyber security issues related to business networks, the internet, and future trends. It covers topics like viruses, hackers, identity theft, spyware, firewalls, passwords, and disaster recovery.
2. Mechanisms for protecting against cyber threats are examined, including keeping software updated, using antivirus software, installing spyware protection, implementing firewalls, and creating strong passwords.
3. Looking ahead, the future of cyber security will be shaped by emerging technologies, more internet-connected devices, increased amounts of personal data online, and growth in cloud computing services. Security challenges will rise as younger users and billions more devices come online.
Cyber hygiene refers to practices that users take to maintain the health, security and proper functioning of their devices and sensitive data. Maintaining cyber hygiene is important for both security and maintenance reasons. Some key cyber hygiene practices include regularly updating software and security programs, implementing strong password policies, backing up important data, and educating users on common online threats. Neglecting cyber hygiene can lead to issues like data loss, security breaches and vulnerabilities to malware and hacking. The document provides guidelines for developing an effective cyber hygiene routine and policy through practices such as documenting all systems, analyzing for vulnerabilities, and creating common security standards for users.
Safety and security in distributed systemsEinar Landre
This document discusses safety and security challenges with distributed systems. It notes that many industries involve critical functions supported by software-based systems. Two unique properties of software are that it cannot be fully inspected and the execution sequence is unknown. This can lead to common mode failures and issues from malware, hacking, and human error. The document advocates for rigorous systems engineering practices, safety and security architectures, standards, and addressing human factors to help ensure safe and secure operation of critical systems that are increasingly distributed and software-defined.
Safety and security in distributed systems Einar Landre
This document discusses safety and security challenges with distributed systems. It notes that many industries involve critical functions supported by software-based systems. Two unique properties of software are that it cannot be inspected like physical components and the execution sequence is unknown. This can lead to common mode failures and issues from malware, hacking, and human error. The document recommends rigorous systems engineering, safety and security architecture informed by standards, and addressing human factors from the start to help build high-integrity systems for critical functions.
A presentation specifically designed for non-technical decision makers who would like to understand Cyber Security and GDPR better, and how to protect their businesses.
This document discusses computer ethics, privacy, and security. It covers the importance of computer ethics as computers are involved in many aspects of life. It defines ethics as standards of moral conduct. Three useful ethical principles are discussed: whether an act benefits society, treats people as ends not means, and is fair to all parties. The document also covers privacy, accuracy, property, and access as key issues in computer ethics. It defines computer crime and common types like viruses, theft, and software piracy. Finally, it discusses the importance of computer security through access restrictions, backups, encryption, and disaster recovery plans to protect information, hardware, software, and networks from damage and unauthorized use.
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2. Computer ethics are morally acceptable use of computers.
i.e. using computers appropriately
Standards or guidelines are important in this industry,
because technology changes are outstripping the legal
system’s ability to keep up.
Cyber-ethics:
The study of moral, legal, and social issues involving
cybertechnology
Computer Ethics
3. Computers in the Workplace
Computer Crime
Privacy and Anonymity
Intellectual Property
Professional Responsibility
Computers as an engineering tool
Autonomous computers
Other issues
Computer Ethics Issues
4. LOST JOBS: Economic incentives to replace humans with
computerized devices are very high
NEW JOBS: Computer industry already has generated a
wide variety of new jobs
ALTERED JOBS:
“de-skilling”
New skilled jobs
Computers in the Workplace
5. Four primary issues
Privacy – responsibility to protect data about individuals
Accuracy - responsibility of data collectors to authenticate
information and ensure its accuracy
Property - who owns information and software and how can
they be sold and exchanged
Access - responsibility of data collectors to control access and
determine what information a person has the right to obtain about
others and how the information can be used
Computer Ethics – Primary Issues
6. Spreading information without consent
Some large companies use medical records and credit records
as a factor in important personnel decisions
Spreading inaccurate information
Mistakes in one computer file can easily migrate to others
Inaccurate data may linger for years
Problems with Large Databases
8. Information on internet includes hate, violence, and information
that is harmful for children
• How much of this should be regulated?
• Do filters solve problems or create more?
Is web site information used for course work and research
reliable?
Internet Content Issues
10. • Free Software Foundation –
Software ownership should not be allowed at all.
One can own the following aspects of a program:
• source code
• object code
• algorithm
• look and feel
Copyright infringement
IPR
11. Software developers (or the companies they work for) own their
programs.
Software buyers only own the right to use the software according to
the license agreement.
No copying, reselling, lending, renting, leasing, or distributing is legal
without the software owner’s permission.
Copyright Laws
12. There are four types of software licenses:
Public Domain
Freeware
Shareware
All Rights Reserved
Software Licenses
13. Public domain software has no owner and is not protected by
copyright law.
It was either created with public funds, or the ownership was
forfeited by the creator.
Can be copied, sold, and/or modified
Often is of poor quality/unreliable
Public Domain License
14. Freeware is copyrighted software that is licensed to be copied and
distributed without charge.
Freeware is free, but it’s still under the owner’s control.
Examples:
Eudora Light
Netscape
Freeware License
15. • A shareware software license allows you to use the software for a
trial period, but you must pay a registration fee to the owner for
permanent use.
• Some shareware trials expire on a certain date
• Payment depends on the honor system
• Purchasing (the right to use) the software may also get you a
version with more powerful features and published documentation.
Shareware License
16. May be used by the purchaser according the exact details spelled
out in the license agreement.
You can’t legally use it--or even possess it-- without the owner’s
permission.
All Rights Reserved License
17. SPA (Software Publishers Association) polices software piracy and
mainly targets:
Illegal duplication
Sale of copyrighted software
Companies that purchase single copies and load the software on multiple
computers or networks
They rely on whistle-blowers.
Penalties (for primary user of PC) may include fines up to $250,000
and/or imprisonment up to 5 years in jail
Software Piracy
18. • Bug-free software is difficult to produce
• It must be carefully designed, developed, and tested
• Mistakes generated by computers can be far reaching
• Commenting and documenting software is required for effective
maintenance throughout the life of the program
System Quality
19. 5 aspects of computer crime
Malicious kinds of software, or "programmed threats", provide a significant
challenge to computer security.
"viruses
"worms"
"Trojan horses"
"logic bombs"
"bacteria" or "rabbits" which multiply rapidly and fill up the computer's memory.
Computer crimes, such as / embezzlement or planting of logic bombs /, are
normally committed by /trusted personnel/ who have permission to use
the computer system. Computer security, therefore, must also be concerned
with the actions of trusted computer users.
COMPUTER CRIME can be costly for cleanup and investigation
Computer Crime
20. • Computer criminals -using a computer to commit an illegal act
• Who are computer criminals?
• Employees – disgruntled or dishonest --the largest category
• Outside users - customers or suppliers
• “Hackers” and “crackers” - hackers do it “for fun” but crackers have
malicious intent
• Organized crime - tracking illegal enterprises, forgery, counterfeiting
Computer Crime
21. • Damage to computers, programs or files
• Viruses - migrate through systems attached to files and programs
• Worms - continuously self-replicate
• Theft
• Of hardware, software, data, computer time
• Software piracy - unauthorized copies of copyrighted material
• View/Manipulation
• “Unauthorized entry” and “harmless message” still illegal
Types of Computer Crime
22. Computers as an Engineering Tool
• Computer Design Tools
• Integration of Computers into Engineered Systems
23. Autonomous Computers
• Autonomy refers to the ability of a computer to make decisions
without the intervention of humans.
• Stock trading
• Military weapons
24. Computer ethics: other issues
• Health Conditions.
Engineers who supervise computer personnel or design computer terminals
should check that ergonomic considerations are in effect to reduce back
problems,
provide wrist support, offer good keyboard layouts to prevent carpal tunnel
syndrome, and offer good lighting and flicker control.
• Computer Failures.
Failures can occur because of errors in hardware or software. Hardware errors do
not occur often, and when they do they usually do so quite obviously. An exception
was Intel’s highly touted Pentium chip, introduced in 1993. It produced very slight
and rare errors in floating-point arithmetic. Perhaps more serious was the loss of
confidence Intel suffered by not revealing the error before it was detected by a
user.
25. Rapid Change:
Reduced response time to competition
Maintaining Boundaries:
Family, work, leisure
Dependence And Vulnerability
Employment:
Re-engineering job loss
Equity & Access:
Increasing gap between haves and have nots
Health Issues
Quality of Life Issues
26. Ergonomics:
helps computer users to avoid physical and mental health risks
and to increase productivity
Avoid eyestrain and headache
Take regular breaks every couple of hours
Control ambient light and insure adequate monitor brightness
Avoid back and neck pain
Have adjustable equipment with adequate back support
Keep monitor at, or slightly below eye level
Ergonomics and Physical Health Issues
27. • Avoid effects of electromagnetic fields (VDT radiation)
• Possible connection to miscarriages and cancers, but no statistical support
yet
• Use caution if pregnant
• Avoid repetitive strain injury (RSI)
• Injuries from fast, repetitive work
• Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) - nerve and tendon damage in hands and
wrists
Physical Health Issues
28. • Microcomputers are the greatest user of electricity in the
workplace
• “Green” PCs
• System unit and display - minimize unnecessary energy consumption and
power down when not in use
• Manufacturing - avoids harmful chemicals in production, focus on
chlorofluorocarbons (CFC’s) which some blame for ozone layer depletion
The Environment
29. • Conserve
• Turn computers off at end of work day
• Use screen savers
• Recycle
• Most of the paper we use is eligible
• Dispose of old parts via recycling programs – most computer parts are dangerous
in landfills
• Educate
• Know the facts about ecological issues
Personal Responsibility of Users
30. • Computer professionals find themselves in a variety of professional
relationships with other people.
• Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) and the Institute of Electrical
and Electronic Engineers (IEEE), have established codes of ethics, curriculum
guidelines and accreditation requirements.
Professional Responsibility and Code of Ethics
31. • According to the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) code, a
computing professional:
• Contributes to society and human well-being
• Avoids harm to others
• Is honest and trustworthy
• Is fair and takes action not to discriminate
• Honors property rights, including copyrights and patents
• Gives proper credit when using the intellectual property of others
• Respects other individuals’ rights to privacy
• Honors confidentiality
The ACM Code of Conduct
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