Cloud computing provides on-demand access to computing resources like servers, storage, databases, networking, software, analytics and more over the internet. It delivers these resources as a service on a pay-per-use basis. There are different types of cloud services including Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS) and Software as a Service (SaaS). Popular cloud computing providers include Amazon, Google, and Microsoft who offer public, private and hybrid cloud solutions. Cloud computing enables large scale data analysis and provides computing resources for research communities in a flexible and cost-effective manner.
This document discusses cloud computing, defining it as storing and accessing data and programs over the Internet instead of a computer's hard drive. It describes the types of cloud computing including public, private, hybrid, and community clouds. The advantages of cloud computing are reduced costs, increased storage, flexibility, mobility, and automation. Potential applications include word processing, customized programs, and data storage. The document also outlines some disadvantages like being unable to access the cloud without an Internet connection.
This document discusses cloud computing, including definitions, advantages, and types of cloud services. Cloud computing provides scalable infrastructure over networks to host applications, data, and files. It reduces costs for computation, hosting, storage, and delivery. The cloud allows access to information from anywhere and removes the need to store data locally. Small businesses can use cloud storage instead of purchasing hardware. The cloud offers low barriers to entry, scalability, multi-tenancy, and device independence. Companies move to the cloud to reduce costs, optimize personnel usage, and gain scalability. The cloud delivers infrastructure, self-service management, and pay-per-use models. Both consumers and businesses widely use cloud services like email, social media, reservations
This is a brief introduction to Microsoft Azure cloud. I used these slides in an intro session for developers. I did few demos during the session that not included in the slide. Brand name and logos are properties of their respective owners.
The document discusses cloud computing infrastructure models and service models. It describes public, private, and hybrid cloud infrastructure models and how they differ in terms of deployment location and control. It also outlines the three main service models: Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Software as a Service (SaaS). SaaS delivers applications over the internet, PaaS provides computing platforms, and IaaS offers virtualized computing infrastructure.
The practice of using a network of remote servers hosted on the Internet to store, manage, and process data, rather than a local server or a personal computer.
Cloud Computing for college presenation project.Mahesh Tibrewal
This presentation I've made on Cloud computing can be used by students for their college projects. I've tried to make this as colourful and attractive as possible without losing the relevance with the topic.
A quick overview of the possible business models of the cloud computing companies. Done for Tampere University of Technology seminar course about cloud computing ( http://www.cs.tut.fi/~tsysta/Pilvilaskenta.html ).
This document provides an overview of cloud computing. It defines cloud computing as manipulating, configuring, and accessing applications online through virtualization of network resources that are managed and maintained remotely. The key components of cloud infrastructure are servers, storage, networking hardware, management software, deployment platforms, and hypervisors that allow sharing of physical resources. There are various cloud deployment models including public, private, hybrid, and community clouds. In addition, the document outlines several cloud service models such as IaaS, PaaS, SaaS, and IDaaS. Technologies that enable cloud computing are also discussed, including virtualization, service-oriented architecture, grid computing, and utility computing.
This document discusses cloud computing, defining it as storing and accessing data and programs over the Internet instead of a computer's hard drive. It describes the types of cloud computing including public, private, hybrid, and community clouds. The advantages of cloud computing are reduced costs, increased storage, flexibility, mobility, and automation. Potential applications include word processing, customized programs, and data storage. The document also outlines some disadvantages like being unable to access the cloud without an Internet connection.
This document discusses cloud computing, including definitions, advantages, and types of cloud services. Cloud computing provides scalable infrastructure over networks to host applications, data, and files. It reduces costs for computation, hosting, storage, and delivery. The cloud allows access to information from anywhere and removes the need to store data locally. Small businesses can use cloud storage instead of purchasing hardware. The cloud offers low barriers to entry, scalability, multi-tenancy, and device independence. Companies move to the cloud to reduce costs, optimize personnel usage, and gain scalability. The cloud delivers infrastructure, self-service management, and pay-per-use models. Both consumers and businesses widely use cloud services like email, social media, reservations
This is a brief introduction to Microsoft Azure cloud. I used these slides in an intro session for developers. I did few demos during the session that not included in the slide. Brand name and logos are properties of their respective owners.
The document discusses cloud computing infrastructure models and service models. It describes public, private, and hybrid cloud infrastructure models and how they differ in terms of deployment location and control. It also outlines the three main service models: Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Software as a Service (SaaS). SaaS delivers applications over the internet, PaaS provides computing platforms, and IaaS offers virtualized computing infrastructure.
The practice of using a network of remote servers hosted on the Internet to store, manage, and process data, rather than a local server or a personal computer.
Cloud Computing for college presenation project.Mahesh Tibrewal
This presentation I've made on Cloud computing can be used by students for their college projects. I've tried to make this as colourful and attractive as possible without losing the relevance with the topic.
A quick overview of the possible business models of the cloud computing companies. Done for Tampere University of Technology seminar course about cloud computing ( http://www.cs.tut.fi/~tsysta/Pilvilaskenta.html ).
This document provides an overview of cloud computing. It defines cloud computing as manipulating, configuring, and accessing applications online through virtualization of network resources that are managed and maintained remotely. The key components of cloud infrastructure are servers, storage, networking hardware, management software, deployment platforms, and hypervisors that allow sharing of physical resources. There are various cloud deployment models including public, private, hybrid, and community clouds. In addition, the document outlines several cloud service models such as IaaS, PaaS, SaaS, and IDaaS. Technologies that enable cloud computing are also discussed, including virtualization, service-oriented architecture, grid computing, and utility computing.
This document summarizes distributed computing. It discusses the history and origins of distributed computing in the 1960s with concurrent processes communicating through message passing. It describes how distributed computing works by splitting a program into parts that run simultaneously on multiple networked computers. Examples of distributed systems include telecommunication networks, network applications, real-time process control systems, and parallel scientific computing. The advantages of distributed computing include economics, speed, reliability, and scalability while the disadvantages include complexity and network problems.
This document presents an introduction to cloud computing. It defines cloud computing as using remote servers and the internet to maintain data and applications. It describes the characteristics of cloud computing including APIs, virtualization, reliability, and security. It discusses the different types of cloud including public, private, community, and hybrid cloud. It also defines the three main cloud stacks: Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Software as a Service (SaaS). The benefits of cloud computing are reduced costs, improved accessibility and flexibility. Cloud security and uses of cloud computing are also briefly discussed.
The document presents a presentation on cloud computing. It begins with an outline of topics to be covered, including definitions of cloud computing, the history of cloud computing, components and characteristics of cloud computing, cloud service models, types of clouds, cloud architecture, properties, security, operating systems, applications, and advantages and disadvantages. It then goes on to define cloud computing and describe its various components, characteristics, service models including SaaS, PaaS, and IaaS. It also discusses types of clouds, properties, security considerations, operating systems, applications, and the advantages and disadvantages of cloud computing.
This document discusses cloud computing. It begins with an introduction and overview of essential cloud characteristics, service models, deployment models, architecture, and underlying components. It then discusses key research challenges in cloud computing. The document provides definitions of cloud computing and outlines the advantages of the cloud model compared to traditional internal IT or managed service models. It also diagrams the different cloud service models including Software as a Service (SaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS).
The document discusses the top 10 cloud service providers:
1. Amazon EC2 provides scalable computing resources that can be accessed over the internet and only pay for what is used.
2. Verizon offers vCloud Express which provides flexible and on-demand computing resources through an intuitive web console.
3. IBM provides private, hybrid, and public cloud solutions including infrastructure, platforms and software as a service.
It then briefly describes each of the top 10 providers and their key cloud computing offerings.
The document discusses cloud computing, beginning with an explanation of why it is called "cloud" computing based on the visual representation of networks. It then provides definitions of cloud computing, including that it is a model for on-demand access to shared configurable computing resources over a network. The document outlines the essential characteristics of cloud computing including on-demand self-service, broad network access, resource pooling, rapid elasticity, and measured service. It also describes the deployment models of public, private, hybrid, and community clouds and the service models of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, and Software as a Service. Advantages include improved performance, reduced costs, unlimited storage, increased reliability, universal access, availability of the latest
The document discusses different types of cloud infrastructure: private, public, and community. Private cloud infrastructure is operated solely for one organization, which may manage it themselves or use a third party, and it may exist on or off premises. Community cloud infrastructure is shared by several organizations within a specific community and supports shared concerns. Hybrid cloud infrastructure combines two or more cloud types that remain separate entities but are connected through technology enabling application portability. Public cloud infrastructure is available to the general public and owned by an organization selling cloud services.
- Problems with traditional data centers.
- Cloud computing definition, deployment, and services models.
- Essential characteristics of cloud services.
- IaaS examples.
- PaaS examples.
- SaaS examples.
- Cloud enabling technologies such as grid computing, utility computing, service oriented architecture (SOA), The Internet, Multi-tenancy, Web 2.0, Automation and Virtualization.
The Open Cloud Consortium (OCC) is a non-profit organization that supports cloud computing standards and develops testbeds for interoperability. It has members from companies, universities, and government agencies. The OCC manages the Open Cloud Testbed, Intercloud Testbed, and Open Science Data Cloud. It also has working groups focused on large data clouds, applications, and cloud services. The Intercloud Testbed aims to address gaps in linking infrastructure and platform services. Benchmarks like Gray Sort and MalStone are used to evaluate large data cloud performance. The Open Cloud Testbed provides shared cloud resources through a "condominium cloud" model. The Open Science Data Cloud hosts scientific data sets for research.
Cloud computing provides on-demand access to shared computing resources like applications and storage over the internet. It works based on deployment models (public, private, hybrid, community clouds) and service models (Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Software as a Service (SaaS)). IaaS provides basic computing and storage resources, PaaS provides platforms for building applications, and SaaS provides ready-to-use software applications delivered over the internet. The main advantages of cloud computing include lower costs, improved performance, unlimited storage, and device independence while disadvantages include reliance on internet and potential security and control issues.
Cloud computing allows users to access scalable computing resources like files, data, software, and services over the internet. It delivers hosted services through web browsers without requiring infrastructure management. There are three main service layers: Software as a Service (SaaS) provides access to applications; Platform as a Service (PaaS) provides development platforms; and Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) provides basic computing and storage resources. Cloud models include public, private, community, and hybrid clouds. Cloud computing offers advantages like reduced costs, improved performance and collaboration, but also risks like internet dependency and potential security issues.
Cloud computing security issues and challengesDheeraj Negi
This document discusses security issues and challenges in cloud computing. It outlines the three main cloud deployment models (private, public, hybrid cloud) and three service delivery models (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS). Key challenges discussed include costing and charging models, service level agreements, interoperability issues, and security concerns such as data loss and unauthorized access. While cloud computing provides benefits, the document cautions that security risks must be carefully understood and addressed for its safe adoption.
Implementation levels of virtualizationGokulnath S
Virtualization allows multiple virtual machines to run on the same physical machine. It improves resource sharing and utilization. Traditional computers run a single operating system tailored to the hardware, while virtualization allows different guest operating systems to run independently on the same hardware. Virtualization software creates an abstraction layer at different levels - instruction set architecture, hardware, operating system, library, and application levels. Virtual machines at the operating system level have low startup costs and can easily synchronize with the environment, but all virtual machines must use the same or similar guest operating system.
Cloud storage allows users to save files on remote servers rather than local hard drives, making files accessible from any internet-connected device. This contrasts with local storage on a specific device. Popular cloud services like Google Drive, OneDrive, and Dropbox offer free basic storage with paid upgrades, and allow file sharing and online editing. While third-party storage raises some data protection questions, cloud storage provides convenience and collaboration benefits that make it widely used at the school by departments and teachers.
Cloud computing means storing and accessing data and programs over the Internet instead of your computer's hard drive.In computer networking, cloud computing is a phrase used to describe a variety of computing concepts that involve a large number of computers connected through a real-time communication network such as the Internet.
Cloud computing provides on-demand access to shared computing resources and infrastructure over the Internet. It refers to services delivered on-demand via the Internet from large pools of systems that are linked together. There are different types of cloud services including Software as a Service (SaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS). Cloud computing architecture consists of a front end accessed by users and a back end of servers and storage that create the "cloud" of computing services.
This document summarizes a paper on mathematical models, simulations, and test beds used for cloud computing research. It defines cloud computing and discusses key areas of research. It also outlines various mathematical models, simulation software like CloudSim, commercial cloud services like Amazon EC2, research test beds including OpenCirrus, and software frameworks for setting up private clouds. The document provides an overview of approaches and tools used to model, simulate and experiment with cloud computing systems.
The document provides instructions for making pink vanilla cupcakes with buttercream frosting. It lists the ingredients needed for the cupcakes and frosting. The instructions are in 5 steps: 1) preheat oven and line tray, 2) mix wet and dry ingredients and beat for 3 minutes, 3) fill patty pans and bake for 20-25 minutes, 4) let cool, 5) frost cupcakes by piping frosting onto the sides and tops and adding sprinkles. The finished cupcakes have pink buttercream frosting and are decorated with sprinkles.
The document provides context and summaries for the traditional Australian folk song "Click Go The Shears". It describes how the song references the practice of shearing sheep with hand shears in the 19th century. The chorus describes a shearer being beaten by another faster shearer. The verses describe an old shearer focusing on shearing a sheep, the supervisor overseeing the work, and the tar boy assisting the shearers. After shearing is complete, the song mentions the shearers getting paid and celebrating at the pub.
This document summarizes distributed computing. It discusses the history and origins of distributed computing in the 1960s with concurrent processes communicating through message passing. It describes how distributed computing works by splitting a program into parts that run simultaneously on multiple networked computers. Examples of distributed systems include telecommunication networks, network applications, real-time process control systems, and parallel scientific computing. The advantages of distributed computing include economics, speed, reliability, and scalability while the disadvantages include complexity and network problems.
This document presents an introduction to cloud computing. It defines cloud computing as using remote servers and the internet to maintain data and applications. It describes the characteristics of cloud computing including APIs, virtualization, reliability, and security. It discusses the different types of cloud including public, private, community, and hybrid cloud. It also defines the three main cloud stacks: Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Software as a Service (SaaS). The benefits of cloud computing are reduced costs, improved accessibility and flexibility. Cloud security and uses of cloud computing are also briefly discussed.
The document presents a presentation on cloud computing. It begins with an outline of topics to be covered, including definitions of cloud computing, the history of cloud computing, components and characteristics of cloud computing, cloud service models, types of clouds, cloud architecture, properties, security, operating systems, applications, and advantages and disadvantages. It then goes on to define cloud computing and describe its various components, characteristics, service models including SaaS, PaaS, and IaaS. It also discusses types of clouds, properties, security considerations, operating systems, applications, and the advantages and disadvantages of cloud computing.
This document discusses cloud computing. It begins with an introduction and overview of essential cloud characteristics, service models, deployment models, architecture, and underlying components. It then discusses key research challenges in cloud computing. The document provides definitions of cloud computing and outlines the advantages of the cloud model compared to traditional internal IT or managed service models. It also diagrams the different cloud service models including Software as a Service (SaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS).
The document discusses the top 10 cloud service providers:
1. Amazon EC2 provides scalable computing resources that can be accessed over the internet and only pay for what is used.
2. Verizon offers vCloud Express which provides flexible and on-demand computing resources through an intuitive web console.
3. IBM provides private, hybrid, and public cloud solutions including infrastructure, platforms and software as a service.
It then briefly describes each of the top 10 providers and their key cloud computing offerings.
The document discusses cloud computing, beginning with an explanation of why it is called "cloud" computing based on the visual representation of networks. It then provides definitions of cloud computing, including that it is a model for on-demand access to shared configurable computing resources over a network. The document outlines the essential characteristics of cloud computing including on-demand self-service, broad network access, resource pooling, rapid elasticity, and measured service. It also describes the deployment models of public, private, hybrid, and community clouds and the service models of Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, and Software as a Service. Advantages include improved performance, reduced costs, unlimited storage, increased reliability, universal access, availability of the latest
The document discusses different types of cloud infrastructure: private, public, and community. Private cloud infrastructure is operated solely for one organization, which may manage it themselves or use a third party, and it may exist on or off premises. Community cloud infrastructure is shared by several organizations within a specific community and supports shared concerns. Hybrid cloud infrastructure combines two or more cloud types that remain separate entities but are connected through technology enabling application portability. Public cloud infrastructure is available to the general public and owned by an organization selling cloud services.
- Problems with traditional data centers.
- Cloud computing definition, deployment, and services models.
- Essential characteristics of cloud services.
- IaaS examples.
- PaaS examples.
- SaaS examples.
- Cloud enabling technologies such as grid computing, utility computing, service oriented architecture (SOA), The Internet, Multi-tenancy, Web 2.0, Automation and Virtualization.
The Open Cloud Consortium (OCC) is a non-profit organization that supports cloud computing standards and develops testbeds for interoperability. It has members from companies, universities, and government agencies. The OCC manages the Open Cloud Testbed, Intercloud Testbed, and Open Science Data Cloud. It also has working groups focused on large data clouds, applications, and cloud services. The Intercloud Testbed aims to address gaps in linking infrastructure and platform services. Benchmarks like Gray Sort and MalStone are used to evaluate large data cloud performance. The Open Cloud Testbed provides shared cloud resources through a "condominium cloud" model. The Open Science Data Cloud hosts scientific data sets for research.
Cloud computing provides on-demand access to shared computing resources like applications and storage over the internet. It works based on deployment models (public, private, hybrid, community clouds) and service models (Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Software as a Service (SaaS)). IaaS provides basic computing and storage resources, PaaS provides platforms for building applications, and SaaS provides ready-to-use software applications delivered over the internet. The main advantages of cloud computing include lower costs, improved performance, unlimited storage, and device independence while disadvantages include reliance on internet and potential security and control issues.
Cloud computing allows users to access scalable computing resources like files, data, software, and services over the internet. It delivers hosted services through web browsers without requiring infrastructure management. There are three main service layers: Software as a Service (SaaS) provides access to applications; Platform as a Service (PaaS) provides development platforms; and Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) provides basic computing and storage resources. Cloud models include public, private, community, and hybrid clouds. Cloud computing offers advantages like reduced costs, improved performance and collaboration, but also risks like internet dependency and potential security issues.
Cloud computing security issues and challengesDheeraj Negi
This document discusses security issues and challenges in cloud computing. It outlines the three main cloud deployment models (private, public, hybrid cloud) and three service delivery models (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS). Key challenges discussed include costing and charging models, service level agreements, interoperability issues, and security concerns such as data loss and unauthorized access. While cloud computing provides benefits, the document cautions that security risks must be carefully understood and addressed for its safe adoption.
Implementation levels of virtualizationGokulnath S
Virtualization allows multiple virtual machines to run on the same physical machine. It improves resource sharing and utilization. Traditional computers run a single operating system tailored to the hardware, while virtualization allows different guest operating systems to run independently on the same hardware. Virtualization software creates an abstraction layer at different levels - instruction set architecture, hardware, operating system, library, and application levels. Virtual machines at the operating system level have low startup costs and can easily synchronize with the environment, but all virtual machines must use the same or similar guest operating system.
Cloud storage allows users to save files on remote servers rather than local hard drives, making files accessible from any internet-connected device. This contrasts with local storage on a specific device. Popular cloud services like Google Drive, OneDrive, and Dropbox offer free basic storage with paid upgrades, and allow file sharing and online editing. While third-party storage raises some data protection questions, cloud storage provides convenience and collaboration benefits that make it widely used at the school by departments and teachers.
Cloud computing means storing and accessing data and programs over the Internet instead of your computer's hard drive.In computer networking, cloud computing is a phrase used to describe a variety of computing concepts that involve a large number of computers connected through a real-time communication network such as the Internet.
Cloud computing provides on-demand access to shared computing resources and infrastructure over the Internet. It refers to services delivered on-demand via the Internet from large pools of systems that are linked together. There are different types of cloud services including Software as a Service (SaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS). Cloud computing architecture consists of a front end accessed by users and a back end of servers and storage that create the "cloud" of computing services.
This document summarizes a paper on mathematical models, simulations, and test beds used for cloud computing research. It defines cloud computing and discusses key areas of research. It also outlines various mathematical models, simulation software like CloudSim, commercial cloud services like Amazon EC2, research test beds including OpenCirrus, and software frameworks for setting up private clouds. The document provides an overview of approaches and tools used to model, simulate and experiment with cloud computing systems.
The document provides instructions for making pink vanilla cupcakes with buttercream frosting. It lists the ingredients needed for the cupcakes and frosting. The instructions are in 5 steps: 1) preheat oven and line tray, 2) mix wet and dry ingredients and beat for 3 minutes, 3) fill patty pans and bake for 20-25 minutes, 4) let cool, 5) frost cupcakes by piping frosting onto the sides and tops and adding sprinkles. The finished cupcakes have pink buttercream frosting and are decorated with sprinkles.
The document provides context and summaries for the traditional Australian folk song "Click Go The Shears". It describes how the song references the practice of shearing sheep with hand shears in the 19th century. The chorus describes a shearer being beaten by another faster shearer. The verses describe an old shearer focusing on shearing a sheep, the supervisor overseeing the work, and the tar boy assisting the shearers. After shearing is complete, the song mentions the shearers getting paid and celebrating at the pub.
This document provides an overview of the Australian government system. It describes that Australia has a representative democracy and constitutional monarchy. The government has three levels - federal, state, and local - each with their own roles and responsibilities. Laws are made through a bill process that involves both the House of Representatives and Senate. Citizens vote in elections using a preferential voting system to support democracy.
This recipe is for a Mars bar slice made with chopped Mars bars, butter, rice bubbles, and chocolate. The ingredients are melted together and pressed into a pan before being chilled. Once set, a chocolate topping is melted and spread over the slice before being chilled and cut into squares. The aim is to make a yummy slice using Mars bars, butter, rice bubbles, and chocolate.
1) The aim of the experiment was to investigate how four bottles containing different combinations of acid, bicarbonate, and water react.
2) Bottle 1 containing bicarbonate and acid did not react, while Bottle 4 containing all three ingredients fizzed and inflated the balloon.
3) It was determined that the bubbles came from the reaction between the bicarbonate and acid, as these were the only ingredients that caused fizzing when combined.
Mary saw her son Jesus carrying his cross in great pain as he walked to his crucifixion. At the crucifixion site, the guards stripped Jesus naked and divided his clothes by casting lots. Jesus was then crucified and hung on the cross, where he uttered his last words before dying at 3pm. His body was taken down and placed in a tomb, where a large boulder was rolled in front of the entrance.
This folk song describes the process of sheep shearing in 19th century Australia. The chorus describes shearers quickly shearing sheep with hand shears. A verse introduces an old shearer focusing on shearing a sheep with an exposed stomach. Another verse describes the supervisor overseeing the work and ensuring the fleeces are cleaned properly. The final verse notes that after getting paid, the shearers would travel to the nearest pub for celebratory drinking.
This document discusses a company's solution to a problem in the market. The company has developed a secret technology or process, referred to as their "secret sauce", that solves the problem. Their solution uses this proprietary innovation to address an issue faced by their target industry or customers.
This document describes an efficient parallel set-similarity join algorithm for finding similar records in large datasets using MapReduce. The algorithm uses three stages: 1) token ordering to establish a global token ordering, 2) RID-pair generation to output record ID pairs that may be similar, and 3) record join to retrieve the actual joined records. Experimental results on real datasets show that the algorithm scales well to large clusters and datasets, with the best performing approaches being basic token ordering with an indexed kernel for RID-pair generation and a basic record join.
HadoopDB is a system that combines the performance of parallel database systems with the flexibility and fault tolerance of Hadoop. It uses Hadoop as the communication layer between multiple single-node database instances running on cluster nodes. Benchmark results showed that HadoopDB's performance was close to parallel databases for structured queries and similar to Hadoop for unstructured queries, while also providing Hadoop's ability to operate in heterogeneous environments and tolerate faults.
The student conducted an experiment mixing water, sodium bicarbonate, and tartaric acid to observe their reactions. They made predictions for each of four bottles and recorded the results. In Bottle 1, the powders sank and the balloon inflated slightly with air. In Bottle 2, the powder sank and nearly dissolved when mixed. Bottle 3 was similar but with more bubbling. Bottle 4 fizzed strongly, overflowed the water, and inflated the balloon as bubbles formed. The student believes bubbles form when the powders mix with water, releasing air into the balloon.
This document discusses various methods for evaluating machine learning models, including:
- Using train, test, and validation sets to evaluate models on large datasets. Cross-validation is recommended for smaller datasets.
- Accuracy, error, precision, recall, and other metrics to quantify a model's performance using a confusion matrix.
- Lift charts and gains charts provide a visual comparison of a model's performance compared to no model. They are useful when costs are associated with different prediction outcomes.
K-means clustering groups data points into k clusters by minimizing the distance between points and cluster centroids. It works by randomly assigning points to initial centroids and then iteratively reassigning points to centroids until clusters are stable. Hierarchical clustering builds a dendrogram showing the relationship between clusters by either recursively merging or splitting clusters. Both are unsupervised learning techniques that group similar data points together without labels.
The student conducted a science experiment called "Gas Bags" where they mixed combinations of sodium bicarbonate, tartaric acid, and water in bottles with balloons. They observed that the balloon inflated the most when all three ingredients were mixed together in bottle 4, as the chemical reaction produced gas to inflate the balloon. Mixing just bicarbonate and acid or just acid and water did not produce enough gas to inflate the balloons.
Data mining techniques can uncover useful patterns and relationships in data. Association rule mining finds frequent patterns and generates rules about associations between different attributes in the data. The Apriori algorithm is commonly used to efficiently find all frequent itemsets in a transaction database and generate association rules from those itemsets. It works in multiple passes over the data, generating candidate itemsets of length k from frequent itemsets of length k-1 and pruning unpromising candidates that have infrequent subsets.
The document discusses parallel computing on the GPU. It outlines the goals of achieving high performance, energy efficiency, functionality, and scalability. It then covers the tentative schedule, which includes introductions to GPU computing, CUDA, threading and memory models, performance, and floating point considerations. It recommends textbooks and notes for further reading. It discusses key concepts like parallelism, latency vs throughput, bandwidth, and how GPUs were designed for throughput rather than latency like CPUs. Winning applications are said to use both CPUs and GPUs, with CPUs for sequential parts and GPUs for parallel parts.
The document discusses cloud computing, including definitions, common attributes, service layers, implementation types, trends, and applications. It defines cloud computing as IT capabilities provided over the internet, including massively scalable computing resources. Key aspects include pooled computing resources, elastic scaling, flexible pricing, and resources delivered as a service. The document outlines common cloud service layers of SaaS, PaaS, and IaaS and provides examples. It also discusses private, public, and hybrid cloud implementation types and emerging trends in cloud adoption.
The document discusses cloud computing, including definitions, common attributes, service layers, implementation types, trends, and applications. It defines cloud computing as IT capabilities provided over the internet, including massively scalable computing power, storage, and services. Key aspects include pooled resources, virtualization, elastic scaling, flexible pricing, and services delivered over the internet. The document outlines common service layers including SaaS, PaaS, and IaaS and provides examples of implementation types like private, public, and hybrid clouds. It also discusses trends in cloud computing and popular cloud applications and services.
The document discusses cloud computing, including definitions, common attributes, service layers, implementation types, trends, and applications. It defines cloud computing as IT capabilities provided over the internet, including massively scalable computing power, storage, and services. Key aspects include pooled resources, virtualization, elastic scaling, flexible pricing, and services delivered over the internet. The document outlines common service layers including SaaS, PaaS, and IaaS and provides examples of implementation types like private, public, and hybrid clouds. It also discusses trends in cloud computing and popular cloud applications and services.
The document provides an overview of cloud computing, including:
1) Cloud computing involves using networked computers and virtualization to provide on-demand services and resources over the internet. It aims to provide cheap, scalable computing resources to users.
2) Key aspects include vast data centers and resource pools that users can dynamically access on-demand, with resources that tend to be priced like utilities based on usage.
3) Cloud computing delivers resources, platforms, and software as services through models like SaaS, PaaS, and IaaS, using virtualization technology and computer clusters behind interfaces like web services.
The document discusses cloud computing, defining it as computing capabilities provided over the internet, including IT resources, software, and information. It notes cloud computing provides scalable resources and is accessed on demand. The document also discusses private, public, and hybrid cloud models; common cloud computing attributes like pooled computing, elastic scaling, and pay-per-use models; examples of cloud products; and trends like enterprises building private clouds and the shifting skills of IT workers.
Introduction to Azure fundamentals of cloud.pptxNadir Arain
This document provides an overview of cloud computing and its key concepts. It discusses the main types of cloud services including Software as a Service (SaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS). It also covers the major cloud providers Azure and OpenStack and provides examples of common cloud use cases like web and mobile applications, big data analytics, and online storage.
The document discusses cloud computing, including what it is, its history and benefits. It defines cloud as the delivery of computing services over the internet and discusses common cloud characteristics like on-demand self-service and rapid elasticity. It describes the different cloud models including infrastructure as a service (IaaS), platform as a service (PaaS) and software as a service (SaaS). The document also provides an overview of Microsoft Azure, a flexible cloud platform, and concludes by noting that while cloud computing offers benefits, security remains a challenge that could slow adoption.
The document provides an overview of cloud computing including its popularity, definitions, benefits, key technology drivers like virtualization and SOA, top cloud providers like Amazon and Google, different cloud services and types, challenges, and real-world case studies demonstrating benefits like cost savings and faster deployment times.
The document provides an overview of cloud computing concepts including:
- The evolution of distributed, grid, and cloud computing models.
- The essential characteristics of cloud computing including on-demand self-service, broad network access, resource pooling, rapid elasticity, and measured service.
- The different types of cloud services including SaaS, PaaS, and IaaS and examples of prominent cloud providers like Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, and Google Cloud Platform.
Cloud computing is the on-demand delivery of IT resources and applications via the Internet with pay-as-you-go pricing. It evolved from earlier technologies like grid computing and utility computing by making resources available over the Internet and on a large scale. There are different types of cloud services including SaaS, PaaS, IaaS, and others. Cloud brokers help manage access to multiple cloud providers and provide a unified interface for users.
Cloud computing involves delivering computing resources over a network, typically the Internet. It dates back to the 1950s but demand increased due to the need to make things easier and save on costs. By 2020, the cloud computing market is forecast to exceed $241 billion. There are three main deployment models - public cloud (external cloud), private cloud (internal cloud), and hybrid cloud (combination of both). The three main service models are Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Software as a Service (SaaS). While cloud computing provides benefits like flexibility, cost savings, and scalability, there are also potential risks regarding security, ownership of data, and dependence on major providers.
Cloud computing is the delivery of computing services like servers, storage, databases, networking, software and more over the internet. It provides access to advanced software applications and networks of server computers that are managed by third-party services. There are different cloud models including infrastructure as a service (IaaS), platform as a service (PaaS), and software as a service (SaaS). While cloud computing provides benefits like reduced costs, improved performance and scalability, concerns around security and limited control of infrastructure remain challenges.
Cloud computing is a model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction. Key characteristics of cloud computing include on-demand self-service, broad network access, resource pooling, rapid elasticity, and measured service. Cloud computing provides services at various levels including SaaS, PaaS and IaaS. The main advantages of cloud computing are lower costs, flexibility and scalability.
Deployment of private cloud infrastructure copyprabhat kumar
The document discusses deploying a private cloud infrastructure using open source software like OpenStack and MostlyLinux. It would create a cost-effective private cloud architecture as an alternative to proprietary solutions. The summaries would provide high-level overviews of key sections in 3 sentences or less.
Cloud computing is the on-demand delivery of IT resources and applications via the Internet with pay-as-you-go pricing. It evolved from earlier technologies like grid computing and utility computing by providing greater ease of use and on-demand scaling. A cloud broker acts as an intermediary between cloud service providers and customers, providing a unified interface and moving workloads between public and private clouds for improved performance and redundancy.
Cloud computing involves storing and accessing data and programs over the Internet instead of a computer's hard drive. It provides various services through a network of remote servers accessed via the Internet. There are three main deployment models (public, private, hybrid), three service models (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS), and various software used in cloud computing. While it provides flexibility, low costs, and scalability, concerns include security, dependency on providers, and the need for internet access. It may reduce some local IT jobs but increase jobs at cloud providers to manage infrastructure and administration.
Cloud computing is a model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction. Key characteristics of cloud computing include on-demand self-service, broad network access, resource pooling, rapid elasticity, and measured service. Common uses of cloud computing involve hosting applications and services through major cloud platforms like Amazon Web Services, Microsoft Azure, and Google Cloud.
Blockchain technology is a distributed ledger that records transactions in digital blocks chained together using cryptography. It allows for decentralized consensus on a shared transaction history without the need for a central authority. Key elements include distributed ledgers that maintain copies of transactions across many nodes, cryptographic hash functions and digital signatures for security, and consensus algorithms to validate transactions and reach agreement in a decentralized network. Blockchain technology has the potential to disrupt many industries by facilitating trust and transparency in peer-to-peer transactions.
This document provides an overview of data mining and machine learning concepts. It defines data mining as the process of discovering patterns in data. Machine learning allows computers to learn without being explicitly programmed by improving at tasks through experience. The document discusses different types of machine learning including supervised learning to predict outputs from inputs, unsupervised learning to understand and describe data without correct answers, and reinforcement learning to learn actions through rewards. It also covers machine learning problems, algorithms like K-nearest neighbors for classification and K-means clustering, and evaluating machine learning models.
Cloud computing provides on-demand access to shared computing resources like servers, storage, databases, networking, software and analytics over the internet. It delivers computing as a utility or service rather than a product. There are different types of cloud services including Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS) and Software as a Service (SaaS). Clouds can be public, private, hybrid or community and are offered by major companies like Amazon, Microsoft, Google and IBM.
1) Data analytics is the process of examining large data sets to uncover patterns and insights. It involves descriptive, predictive, and prescriptive analysis.
2) Descriptive analysis summarizes past events, predictive analysis forecasts future events, and prescriptive analysis recommends actions.
3) Major companies like Facebook, Amazon, Uber, banks and Spotify extensively use big data and data analytics to improve customer experience, detect fraud, personalize recommendations and gain business insights.
This document provides an overview of the Hadoop ecosystem. It begins by defining big data and explaining how Hadoop uses MapReduce and HDFS to allow for distributed processing and storage of large datasets across commodity hardware. It then describes various components of the Hadoop ecosystem for acquiring, arranging, analyzing, and visualizing data, including Flume, Sqoop, Kafka, HDFS, HBase, Spark, Pig, Hive, Impala, Mahout, and HUE. Real-world use cases of Hadoop at companies like Facebook, Twitter, and NASA are also discussed. Overall, the document outlines the key elements that make up the Hadoop ecosystem for working with big data.
This document discusses various methods for evaluating machine learning models. It describes splitting data into training, validation, and test sets to evaluate models on large datasets. For small or unbalanced datasets, it recommends cross-validation techniques like k-fold cross-validation and stratified sampling. The document also covers evaluating classifier performance using metrics like accuracy, confidence intervals, and lift charts, as well as addressing issues that can impact evaluation like overfitting and class imbalance.
The document discusses the K-nearest neighbors (KNN) algorithm, a simple machine learning algorithm used for classification problems. KNN works by finding the K training examples that are closest in distance to a new data point, and assigning the most common class among those K examples as the prediction for the new data point. The document covers how KNN calculates distances between data points, how to choose the K value, techniques for handling different data types, and the strengths and weaknesses of the KNN algorithm.
Decision trees are a machine learning technique that use a tree-like model to predict outcomes. They break down a dataset into smaller subsets based on attribute values. Decision trees evaluate attributes like outlook, temperature, humidity, and wind to determine the best predictor. The algorithm calculates information gain to determine which attribute best splits the data into the most homogeneous subsets. It selects the attribute with the highest information gain to place at the root node and then recursively builds the tree by splitting on subsequent attributes.
The document discusses covering (rule-based) algorithms for generating classification rules from data. It provides an example of using a simple covering algorithm to iteratively generate rules that assign contact lens recommendations based on patient attributes. The algorithm works by selecting the test at each step that best separates the data (maximizes accuracy) until all instances are covered by rules or no further separation is possible.
K-means clustering is an unsupervised machine learning algorithm that groups unlabeled data points into a specified number of clusters (k) based on their similarity. It works by randomly assigning data points to k clusters and then iteratively updating cluster centroids and reassigning points until cluster membership stabilizes. K-means clustering aims to minimize intra-cluster variation while maximizing inter-cluster variation. There are various applications and variants of the basic k-means algorithm.
Big data is generated from a variety of sources like web data, purchases, social networks, sensors, and IoT devices. Telecom companies process exabytes and zettabytes of data daily, including call detail records, network configuration data, and customer information. This big data is analyzed to enhance customer experience through personalization, predict churn, and optimize networks. Analytics also helps with operations, data monetization through services, and identifying new revenue streams from IoT and M2M data. Frameworks like Hadoop and MapReduce are used to analyze this distributed big data across clusters in a distributed manner for faster insights.
This document describes the MapReduce programming model for processing large datasets in a distributed manner. MapReduce allows users to write map and reduce functions that are automatically parallelized and run across large clusters. The input data is split and the map tasks run in parallel, producing intermediate key-value pairs. These are shuffled and input to the reduce tasks, which produce the final output. The system handles failures, scheduling and parallelization transparently, making it easy for programmers to write distributed applications.
Cheetah is a custom data warehouse system built on top of Hadoop that provides high performance for storing and querying large datasets. It uses a virtual view abstraction over star and snowflake schemas to provide a simple yet powerful SQL-like query language. The system architecture utilizes MapReduce to parallelize query execution across many nodes. Cheetah employs columnar data storage and compression, multi-query optimization, and materialized views to improve query performance. Based on evaluations, Cheetah can efficiently handle both small and large queries and outperforms single-query execution when processing batches of queries together.
This document describes the Pig system, which is a high-level data flow system built on top of MapReduce. Pig provides a language called Pig Latin for analyzing large datasets. Pig Latin programs are compiled into MapReduce jobs. The compilation process involves several steps: (1) parsing and type checking the Pig Latin code, (2) logical optimization, (3) converting the logical plan into physical operators like GROUP and JOIN, (4) mapping the physical operators to MapReduce stages, and (5) optimizing the MapReduce plan. This allows users to write data analysis programs more declaratively without coding MapReduce jobs directly.
Sawzall is a query language used with MapReduce to process large datasets in parallel across many machines. It allows writing programs that operate on individual records and emit intermediate values. These values are automatically aggregated across machines. Sawzall programs are concise, typically 10-20x shorter than equivalent MapReduce programs. The document provides examples of Sawzall programs for tasks like finding the highest ranked page for each website domain or counting search queries by geographic location.
This document summarizes HadoopDB, a system for building real-world applications on Hadoop. It discusses HadoopDB's architecture and components like the database connector, data loader, and catalog. It then provides two example applications - a semantic web application for biological data analysis and a business data warehousing application. The document demonstrates how to load sample datasets for each application into HadoopDB and execute sample queries on the data, including visualizing the query execution flow and demonstrating fault tolerance.
More from Tilani Gunawardena PhD(UNIBAS), BSc(Pera), FHEA(UK), CEng, MIESL (17)
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How to stay relevant as a cyber professional: Skills, trends and career paths...Infosec
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3. What is Cloud
• “Cloud” is actually a metaphor for the
Internet
4. Cloud Computing
• Cloud computing is the use of computing resources
(hardware and software) that are delivered as a
service over a network -wikipedia
• Provides :variety of computing resources all
delivered over the Internet.
– Servers
– Storage
– Applications(email, communication, games)
• Delivers a hosting environment that is immediate,
flexible, scalable, secure, and available while saving
corporations money, time and resources.
5. Comparison
• Grid computing: A form of distributed Computing
– Cluster of loosly coupled, networked computers acting in
concert to perform large tasks
• Utility computing: The packaging of computing resources,
such as computation and storage, as a metered service
similar to a traditional public utility such as electricity
• Autonomic computing :computer systems capable of self-
management
• Data Centre Clusters
• High Performance Computing
• Web Services : communication between two electronic
devices over the world wide web
6. Characteristics of Cloud Computing
• Scalability: Upgrades and changes to the
services are done instantaneously and easily
enabling the cloud computing service to be
resilient
• Agility: As a shared resource, the cloud
provides flexible, automated management to
distribute the computing resources among the
cloud’s users.
• Reliability & Fault Tolerance
• Service oriented
• Utility based
7. Characteristics of Cloud Computing
• Security: Security is often as good as or better
than under traditional systems
• Application Programming Interface: API
accessibility to software that enables
machines to interact with cloud software
• Cost: Cost is greatly reduced
• Device and location Independence
• On demand service
8. Why Cloud Computing
Analogy:
”If you only need milk, would you buy a cow? “
• Yahoo email, Gmail, or Hotmail
• The server and email management software is all on the cloud ( internet) and is totally
managed by the cloud service provider Yahoo , Google
software /hardwaresending emails
9. • In Business View: When it’s smarter to rent
than to buy…..
• Techie’ s View: It offers the ability to access
softwares or information that can be delivered
on-demand, over the internet, without the
need to store it locally……
10. • Cloud Computing Provides all the
infrastructure needed to run applications over
the Internet
• Cloud computing can do everything……….
or only some things if you don't need
everything.
12. Client
• Consists of computer hardware and/or computer software
which relies on cloud computing for application delivery, or
which is specifically designed for delivery of cloud services
and which, in either case, is essentially useless without it.
– Mobile (Android, iPhone, Windows Mobile)
– Web browser (Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox)
– Operating Systems
– Computers
13. Application
Cloud application services or “Software as a Service
(SaaS)” deliver software as a service over the Internet,
eliminating the need to install and run the application
on the customer’s own computers and simplifying
maintenance and support.
• CRM
• Email
• Virtual Desktop
• Communication
• Games
14. Infrastructure
• Cloud infrastructure, such as Infrastructure as
a service, is the delivery of computer
infrastructure, typically a platform
virtualization environment, as a service.
15. Platform
• A cloud platform, such as Platform as a service,
the delivery of a computing platform, and/or
solution stack as a service, facilitates deployment
of applications without the cost and complexity
of buying and managing the underlying hardware
and software layers.
– Web application frameworks
o Python Django (Google App Engine)
o Ruby on Rails (Heroku)
o .NET (Azure Services Platform)
– Web hosting (Rackspace)
– Force.com
16. Services
• A cloud service includes "products, services and solutions that are
delivered and consumed in real-time over the Internet". For
example, Web Services ("software system designed to support
interoperable machine-to-machine interaction over a network")
which may be accessed by other cloud computing components,
software, e.g., Software plus service, or end users directly.
• Identity (OAuth, OpenID)
• Integration (Amazon Simple Queue Service)
• Payments (Amazon Flexible Payments Service, Google Checkout,
PayPal)
• Mapping (Google Maps, Yahoo! Maps)
• Search (Alexa, Google Custom Search, Yahoo! BOSS)
• Others (Amazon Mechanical Turk)
17. Storage
• Database (Amazon SimpleDB, Google App
Engine's BigTable datastore)
• Network attached storage (MobileMe iDisk,
Nirvanix ,CloudNAS)
• Synchronization (Live Mesh Live Desktop
component, MobileMe push functions)
• Web service (Amazon Simple Storage Service,
Nirvanix SDN)
18. Popular Clouds Storages
• Amazon s3
• Google Docs
• Apple iCloud
• DropBox
• SkyDrive
• Box
• SugarSync
22. IaaS
• IaaS is the delivery of technology infrastructure as an
on demand scalable service
• The IaaS layer extends the virtualization layer by
providing the mechanisms to provision and control the
virtual machines in a utility computing manner.
• The end user is able to control cost by knowing exactly
how much each virtual machine instance costs per
minute/hour.
– Usually billed based on usage
– Usually multi tenant virtualized environment
23. PaaS
• PAAS(Platform as a service)
• Platform as a service, another SAAS, this kind of cloud computing
providing development environment as a service. You can use the
middleman’s equipment to develop your own program and transfer
it to the users through internet and servers.
• PaaS provides all of the facilities required to support the complete
life cycle of building and delivering web applications and services
entirely from the Internet.
– Typically applications must be developed with a particular platform
in mind
– Multi tenant environments
– Highly scalable multi tier architecture
24. SaaS
• This kind of cloud computing transfer programs to millions of users
through browser
• user’s views,: this can save some cost on servers and software.
• In the provider’s views, they only need to maintain one program, this can
also save cost
– Ex: Salesforce.com ,Google Apps and Zoho Office are also providing this kind
of service
• SaaS is a software delivery methodology that provides licensed multi-
tenant access to software and its functions remotely as a Web-based
service.
– Usually billed based on usage
– Usually multi tenant environment
– Highly scalable architecture
25. Type of Services: Location of the cloud
• Public clouds
• Private clouds
• Community clouds
• Hybrid clouds
26. Public clouds
• Resources are dynamically provisioned on an on-
demand, self-service basis over the Internet, via
web applications/web services, open API, from a
third-party provider who bills on a utility
computing basis.
• These services are free or offered on a pay-per-
use model.
Ex: Amazon AWS ,Microsoft and Google own and
operate the infrastructure and offer access only via
Internet.(direct connectivity is not offered)
27. Private clouds
• Private cloud is cloud infrastructure operated
solely for a single organization, whether
managed internally or by a third-party and
hosted internally or externally
• Ex: IBM, HP, Microsoft
28. Community clouds
• A community cloud is formed when several
organizations with similar requirements share
common infrastructure. Costs are spread over
fewer users than a public cloud but more than
a single tenant.
• Ex: All Government organizations within the
state of California may share computing
infrastructure on the cloud to manage data
related to citizens residing in California.
29. Hybrid clouds
• A hybrid cloud environment consists of some
portion of computing resources on-site (on
premise) and off-site (public cloud).
30. Best Cloud Computing companies
2012
• Google –SaaS,PaaS
• Amazon-IaaS
– Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2)
– Simple Storage Service(S3)
• Microsoft Azure Service Platform-PaaS
31. Amazon Cloud
• Amazon cloud called AWS is a collection of
remote computing services (web services) that
together make up a cloud computing platform,
offered over the Internet by Amazon.com.
– Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) :provides
resizable compute capacity in the cloud
– Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3) :Online storage
web service
– Amazon SimpleDB :Web service providing the core
database functions of data indexing and querying in
the cloud
32. Microsoft
• Windows Azure :is a platform for running
Windows applications and storing their data in
the cloud
• Microsoft Dynamics CRM Online
• Microsoft Office 365
• Microsoft Private Cloud
33. Google
• Google App Engine :creates apps on Google’s
platform that are easy to manage and scale
• Google Compute Engine
• Google BigQuery :Analyze Big Data in the
cloud
• Google Cloud Storage
34. Cloud Computing techniques Within
Google
• GFS: Data storage technology
• BigTable: Data management technology
• Map Reduce: Programming model and task
scheduling model
35. Applications
• Practically limitless
• With the right middleware, a cloud computing
system could execute all the programs a
normal computer could run.
• Everything from generic word processing
software to customized computer programs
designed for a specific company could work on
a cloud computing system
36. Cloud Computing for Research
Community
• For research groups cloud computing can
provide convenient access to reliable, high
performance clusters, without the need to
purchase and maintain or even understand
sophisticated hardware and high performance
computational methods.
37. Large Scale Data Analysis on Cloud
Systems
• Cloud systems can be effectively exploited for this
purpose as they provide scalable storage and
processing services, together with software
platforms for developing and running data
analysis environments
– Scalable Storage
– Computing facilities
• The Google File System (GFS) and Hadoop
Distributed File System (HDFS) are two examples
of proven approaches to creating distributed
highly fault tolerant massive storage systems.
38. What does the cloud allow us to do
that we could not do before?
• Compute- intensive problems
– large-scale image processing,
– sensor data correlation,
– social network analysis,
– encryption/decryption,
– data mining,
– simulations,
– pattern recognition,
are strong examples of problems that can be solved in
the cloud computing domain.
39. • Pay-as-you-go basis: 1000 computers used for 1
hour costs the same as one computer used for
1000 hours. If your problem can be computed in
a way that takes advantage of parallel processing,
you can now get the answer 1000 times as fast
for the same amount of money.
• Embarrassingly parallel: Cloud computing works
best when a problem can be broken down into a
large number of relatively independent tasks,
each running on its own computer.
42. Autodesk Simulation 360
• Engineering simulation
• Predict, optimize, and validate design
decisions with proven simulation technology
• Better manage your simulation workflow and
workload
• Run and access simulations anywhere,
anytime
• Reduce costs with minimal hardware
investments and pay-as-you-go software
43. NEEShub tools: OpenSees in the
Clouds
• OpenSees is a software framework for simulating
the seismic response of structural and
geotechnical systems.
• It is the computational platform for research in
performance-based earthquake engineering at
PEER
• Version 2.2.2 now available with over 80 material
types, 30 element types, 20 integration schemes,
15 numerical solvers, 10 solution algorithms
44. • Steel Building Study :
– 7200 records ,2 min a record ,240 hours or 10 days ,Ran on
2000 processors
on teragrid in less than 15 min
• Concrete Building Study:
– 113 records, 4 intensities ,3 hour a record, would have taken
1356 hours or 56.5 days Ran on 452 processors of a Teragrid
in less than 5 hours.
45.
46. CUDA in the Cloud
• CUDA is a parallel computing platform and
programming model invented by NVIDIA.
• It enables dramatic increases in computing
performance by harnessing the power of the
graphics-processing unit (GPU).
– Peer1: Is a long-established hosting company with
data centers across the U.S., in Canada, and Europe.
– Hoopoe:is an Israel-based project designed to build
cloud-based GPU computing systems based on Tesla
GPUs
– Amazon EC2: Supports GPU clusters using CUDA
programming.
47. Benefits of Cloud Computing
• Eliminate expense of acquiring, managing and operating hardware
• Elastic computing Pay-as-you-go model /Reduced cost
• More Storage
• There will never be a worry about running out of disk space
• Automatically Updated
• Shared Resources
• No software needs to be installed, saving time and money
• Enable services to be used without understanding their
infrastructure
• The cloud service providers will supply all the Backup and Recovery
facilities
• Mobility
48. Risk of Cloud Computing
• In July 2008, Amazon’s S3 cloud storage service went down for the
second time that year. A lot of applications were hosted by the
company and all those services could not be accesses until techs
cloud fix the problem. Some applications were down for eight
hours.
• Data: Sometimes it is more difficult to integrate your applications if
they are geographically dispersed. That it is easier to manage and
access your data if it is nearby, and not under someone else’s
control.
• You do not have control over the remote servers, their software, or
their Security
• Your data is at the mercy of a third-party company
• Additional cost of data transfer fees
• It may be difficult to migrate massive amounts of data from the
provider
49.
50. Conclusions
• Cloud computing is still struggling in its infancy with negative and
positive Comments.
• cloud computing is rapidly emerging as a viable alternative to
traditional approaches
• Data security is an important factor for cloud computing and to day
modern Encryption algorithms play the main role in data security of
cloud computing
• Real business value can be realized by customers of all sizes
• Cloud solutions are simple to acquire, don’t require long term
contracts and are easier to scale up and down as needed
• Proper planning and migration services are needed to ensure a
successful implementation
• Third party monitoring services ensure customer are getting the
most out of their cloud environment
A metaphor is the understanding itself of one concept in terms of another
cloud: large group of interconnected computers
Cloud is basically an extension to the OO ,abstraction , can see only interface
Just IP & OP ->Process hide
electricity
Small compay with generator
Electricity, extra server for a Web site or database contact your cloud computing provider
a huge number of multicore PCs and servers (both physical or virtual) running together trough broadband networks..
This is realised through automated, elastic management of the services and their environment.
DR-disaster recovery
If you need an extra server for a Web site or database, just contact your cloud computing provider and you can be up and running in minutes.
Grid:single big task split into multiple small task and distibuted to different computing machine
Completion send back to primary machine
Grid computing: – a form of distributed computing loosely coupled, heterogeneous, and geographically dispersed
Grids lack automation, agility, simplicity a
UC=to meter the offered services and charge customers for exact usage, one of the options for its accounting
a pay- as-you-go manner to the general public
Webservice: communication between two electronic devices over the www
3: thin clients (or clients with a thick-thin switch), grid computing, and utility computing.
Grid computing links disparate computers to form one large infrastructure, harnessing unused resources.
Utility computing is paying for what you use on shared servers like you pay for a public utility (such as electricity, gas, and so on).
With grid computing, you can provision computing resources as a utility that can be turned on or off. Cloud computing goes one step further with on-demand resource provisioning. This eliminates over-provisioning when used with utility pricing. It also removes the need to over-provision in order to meet the demands of millions of users.
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sending emails etc. Just to get this benefit (milk) why should a consumer buy a (cow) software /hardware?
buy a house or rent it; rent a house or stay in a hotel;
cloud services should be widely adopted, since absolute peaks rarely last that long
Would you rather buy or rent a car?
email server
The server and email management software is all on the cloud ( internet) and is totally managed by the cloud service provider Yahoo , Google etc
A simple example of cloud computing is Yahoo email, Gmail, or Hotmail etc. all u need is internet connection
TECHNICALs USER PERSPECTIVE
MeeGo
customer relationship management (CRM)
Office 365 set of subscription based software services that require monthly or periodic payment of fees to
QuickBooks is more than secure online accounting.It's your business organized in one place.
Peer-to-peer / volunteer computing (Bittorrent, Skype)
Web application (Facebook)
Software as a service (Google Apps, SAP and Salesforce)
Software plus services (Microsoft Online Services)
OnLive is a company offering a cloud gaming platform and a cloud desktop solution.[3] Both offerings are synchronized, rendered, and stored on remote servers and delivered via the Internet.
Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2)
Full virtualization (GoGrid, Skytap) ,Management (RightScale) ,Compute (Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud)
Platform(Force.com)
JoyentCloud=both PaaS/IaaS ; designed to compete with Amazon's EC2 cloud
Windows Azure is a Microsoft cloud computing platform used to build, deploy and manage applications through a global network of Microsoft-managed datacenters.
Cloud infrastructure services, also known as “Infrastruc-
ture as a Service (IaaS)” this provide ’Hardware as a service’, it is a method of managing our data (files, photos, music, video, whatever, etc) from one or more web based solutions. Rather than keeping our data primarily on hard drives that are tethered to our computers or other devices, we keep it “in the cloud” where it may be accessible from any number of devices.
The Rackspace Cloud products and services billed on utility computing basis, including web
Aneka, Proprietary:ownership
Platforms App Engine · Azure · Mosso · SalesForce
Cloud Foundry:Public,private, micro
Heroke-Agile deployment for Ruby, Node.js, Clojure, Java, Python, and Scala
Cloud platform is a kind of platform that lets developers write
applications that run in the cloud, or use services provided from the cloud, or both. Different names are used for this kind of platform today, including on-demand platform and platform as a service (PaaS).
Force.com is a PaaS from Salesforce.com,[1] that developers use to build multitenant applications hosted on their servers as a service.
Services Alexa · FPS · MTurk · SQS
Google Custom Search enables you to create a search engine for your website, your blog, or a collection of websites. You can fine-tune the ranking, customize the look and feel of the search results, and invite your friends or trusted users to help you build your custom search engine. You can use your expertise about a subject to tell Custom Search which websites to search, prioritize, or ignore.
OpenID is an open, decentralized standard for user authentication and access control, allowing users to log onto many services with the same digital identity.
A Cloud Service is an independent piece of software, which can be used in conjunction with other services to achieve an interoperable machine-to-machine interaction over the network.
Examples include Amazon’s Simple Queue Service, Google maps, Amazon’s flexible payment service etc.
Idisk-file hosting service
Enterprise resource planning :systems integrate internal and external Manage information in organization
Where Cloud go
Application,data,run time,middleware,O/S ,virtualization,storage,networking
The IaaS layer extends the virtualization layer by providing the mechanisms to provision and control the virtual machines in a utility computing manner
The end user is able to control cost by knowing exactly how much each virtual machine instance costs per minute/hour.
Types of services offered
Multi tenat :single instance of a software application serves multiple customers. each customer is called a tenant
an run one instance of its application on one instance of a database and provide web access to multiple customers. In such a scenario, each tenant's data is isolated and remains invisible to other tenants.
Simple way to get the application functionality you need without incurring the cost of developing that application.
In this layer, even the platform has been abstracted away from you as and end user.
Windows Azuru,AWS ,AP engine,gmail
The public cloud is the most commonly referenced regarding the topic of cloud computing, where the infrastructure and applications are owned by the organization selling cloud services.
3rd party ownership
In computing, off-site data protection, or vaulting, is the strategy of sending critical data out of the main location
In telecommunication, provisioning is the process of preparing and equipping a network to allow it to provide (new) services to its users
Public cloud applications, storage, and other resources are made available to the general public by a service provider. These services are free or offered on a pay-per-use model
Many organizations who implemented their own private cloud
Actually virtual private cloud
"still have to buy, build, and manage them”
flexibility of cloud computing without having to employ an army of engineers to manage it. L
Since many traditional vendors and users are not quite ready to jump into public cloud computing or are restricted from doing so, the cloud service tiers are replicated within a private cloud environment, behind the firewall, and maintained within the parameters of the host organization
To ensure security, many organization would prefer to have sensitive data under their own control.
For instance, an organization uses public cloud services that can be Amazon’s Elastic Compute Cloud, also known as EC2, for general computing but uses its own data center to store the customer data.
AWS (Amazon Web Services)
customer relationship management
Google Cloud Platform allows you to build applications and websites, store and analyze data on Google’s infrastructure.
BigTable is a compressed, high performance, and proprietary data storage system built on Google File System
It is not distributed outside Google, although Google offers access to it as part of its Google App Engine.
Application develop to run specific env, env are developed t run specific applications
Data clouds: processing task into small and distributed to server
Amazon charges customers in two primary ways:
Hourly charge per virtual machine
Data transfer charge
Windows Azure and has been used to run large-scale parameter sweeping data mining applications on a Microsoft Cloud data centre.
Modification required:mathlab, mathematica
Computer simulations have become a useful part of mathematical modeling of many natural systems in physics ,astrophysics, chemistry, biology, human sys- tems in economics, psychology, social science, and engineering.
It can be used to ex- plore and gain new insights into new technology,
Risk analysis , System identification
A system is an object or collection of objects whose properties we want to study.
There can be many reason why scientists and researches want to study a system, main reason is to Study a system to understand it in order to build it. The inputs of a system can be variables of the environment that influence the behavior of the system. These inputs may or may not be controllable by us.
So mapping systems can be anything which scientist want to build and analyze in order to understand the properties, processes or behaviors.
Generally mapping means the activity of creating a detailed flowchart of a work process showing its inputs, tasks, and activities in sequence
Electronic simulations of a wind tunnel allow designers to analyse the performance of a component or product without having to build a prototype.
scientists wants to understand the deeper aspects of nature. These are just a few examples of computer supported modeling and simulation [15]. In short mapping systems and simulation models are very important to scientific researches and also in business overview.
Computer simulations have become a useful part of mathematical modeling of many natural systems in physics ,astrophysics, chemistry, biology, human sys- tems in economics, psychology, social science, and engineering.
Support Faster Design—Early simulation and evaluation of design decisions speeds up the design process and allows evaluation of more alternatives.
Improve Product Design—Designers and engineers can have a more complete and better understanding of design issues so they can make better design trade-off decisions earlier.
Avoid Rework—Using analysis to validate designs helps avoid design errors that can result in costly rework.
Improve Quality—Designers can try more iterations earlier, which can lead to better, higher-quality products that exceed customer expectations.
Reduce Prototypes—Using analysis to better understand designs can decrease the need for producing physical prototypes and running expensive physical tests.
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Cloud-based simulation cuts engineers' design costs without having building a prototype
Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation (NEES)
OpenSees:The Open System for Earthquake Engineering Simulation
NEEShub:A science gateway for education and research in earthquake engineering
Youhave1GBstoragebydefault(itisexpandable!)
Two of the hottest trends in information processing today are cloud computing and general purpose computing on GPUs
Compute Unified Device Architecture
We usually think of cloud computing as a pure online experience, but bandwidth constraints can make it impractical to move the vast input and output data sets sometimes used in high-performance computing over the internet. For moving more than 250 GB of data
Shared resources:all in 1 place
For providers
Economics of scale to amortize the costs of buying and operating resources
Avoid cost and complexity of managing multiple customer-specific environments and applications
Manage ur work anywhere :vacation, holidays
1.2 TB in one location, 2 TB in another location it may take even weeks
DATA MOBILITY
PRIVACY
COMPLIANCE
SERVICE LEVELS
Security:data in many places
Sending large data over internet
Mathematica,
Cloud Computing is outpacing the IT industry
Real business value can be realized by customers of all sizes
Cloud solutions are simple to acquire, don’t require long term contracts and are easier to scale up and down as needed
Proper planning and migration services are needed to ensure a successful implementation
Public and Private Clouds can be deployed together to leverage the best of both
Third party monitoring services ensure customer are getting the most out of their cloud environment
Security Compliance and Monitoring is achievable with careful planning and analysis