The document discusses relational database design and normalization. It covers first normal form, functional dependencies, and decomposition. The goal of normalization is to avoid data redundancy and anomalies. First normal form requires attributes to be atomic. Functional dependencies specify relationships between attributes that must be preserved. Decomposition breaks relations into smaller relations while maintaining lossless join properties. Higher normal forms like Boyce-Codd normal form and third normal form further reduce redundancy.