Artificial intelligence applications for covid 19

Artificial Intelligence(AI)
Applications for COVID-19Pandemic
BY SABARINATH C
D

INTRODUCTION
⇢ COVID-19 disease, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, was identified in
December 2019 in China and declared a global pandemic by the WHO
on 11 March2020.
⇢ Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a potentially powerful tool in the fight
against theCOVID-19 pandemic.
⇢ AI can, for present purposes, be defined as Machine Learning (ML),
Natural Language Processing (NLP), and Computer Vision applications
to teach computers to use big data-based models for pattern
recognition, explanation, and prediction.
⇢ These functions can be useful to recognize (diagnose), predict, and
explain (treat) COVID-19 infections, and help manage socio-economic
impacts

Actual and Potential Contributions of AI
against COVID-19
⇢ There are six areas where AI can contribute to the fight against
COVID-19:
⇢ i) early warnings andalerts
⇢ ii) tracking and prediction
⇢ iii) data dashboards
⇢ iv) diagnosis andprognosis
⇢ v) treatments, and cures,
⇢ vi) socialcontrol.

Early warnings and Alerts
⇢ The Canadian-based AI model named as BlueDot, It illustrates that a
relatively low-costAI tool can predict humans in spotting infectious
disease outbreaks. It predicted the outbreak of the infection at the end
of 2019and issuing a warning to its clients on 31December 2019.
⇢ Another AI-based model named as HealthMap, sounded an alarm even
earlier, on 30 December 2019 at Boston Children‟s Hospital in the USA.
It required human interpretation and providing context to recognize
the threat.

Tracking andPrediction
⇢ AI can be used to track and to predict how the COVID-19 pandemic will
spread over space and over time, By the following a previous pandemic
of the 2015Zika-virus.
⇢ Epidemiological models are used for this purpose,
named as SIR models, the abbreviation standing for the population of
an area that is Susceptible, Infected, and Removed.

Data Dashboards
⇢ The tracking and forecasting of COVID-19 has caused the emergence of
an industry of data dashboards that visualizes the pandemic.
⇢ MIT Technology Review has produced a ranking of these tracking and
forecasting dashboards. They rank the top dashboards to be those of
UpCode, NextStrain, the John's Hopkins JHU CSSE, Thebaselab, the
BBC, the New York Times, and HealthMap. Other notable dashboards
include MicrosoftBing's AI tracker.
Screenshot of Bing’s COVID-19
Tracker, 31 March 2020 ,
source :MicrosoftBing

Diagnosis andPrognosis
⇢ Accurate and fast diagnosis of COVID-19 can save lives, limit the spread of the disease, and
generatedata.AImay provideusefulinput withanimage-basedmedicaldiagnosis.
⇢ Example: the Dutch University of Delft who released an AI model for diagnosing COVID-19 disease from
X-rays. This model, named as CAD4COVID
It is artificial intelligence software that triages COVID-19 suspects on chest X-rays images.AI that can
predict with 80 percent accuracy which person affected with COVID-19 will develop Acute Respiratory
Distress Syndrome(ARDS)..
⇢ Itprovide much less efforton using AI for very earlydiagnostic purposes, in identifying whether someone
is infected before it shows up in X-rays or CT scans, or on finding data- driven diagnostics that have less
contaminationrisk.

Treatments andCures
⇢ AI has potential to contribute to new drug or vaccinediscovery.
⇢ In the case of COVID-19 pandemic, a number of research labs and data
centres have indicated that they are recruiting AI to search for
treatments for a vaccine against COVID-19disease.
⇢ The hope is that AI can speed up both the processes of discovering
new drugs or vaccines as well as for repurposing existing drugs.
⇢ For example, Google's DeepMind has predicted the structure of the
proteins of the virus, important information that could be useful in
developing new drugs.

Social Control
⇢ AI can used to manage the pandemic
by scanning public spaces for people
potentially infected and by enforcing
social distancing and lockdown
measures.
⇢ For example, at airports and train
stations across China, infrared
cameras are used to scan crowds for
high temperatures. They are used
with a facial recognition system,
which can find out the individual with
a high temperature and whether he or
she is wearing a surgical mask etc
Anewsabout socialcontrol from Kerala,in India

CONCLUSION
⇢ AI is not yet playing a significant role in the fight against COVID-19, at
least from the epidemiological, diagnostic and pharmaceutical points
of view.
⇢ Its use is constrained by a lack of data and by too much noisy and
outlier data. The creation of unbiased time series data for AI training is
necessary.
⇢ A growing number of international initiatives in this regard is
encouraging; however, there is an imperative for more diagnostic
testing. Not only for providing training data to get AI models
operational, but moreover for more effectively managing the pandemic
and reducing its cost in terms of human lives and economicdamage.

Artificial intelligence applications for covid 19

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