This document provides an overview of action research, which involves teachers systematically studying their own classroom practices to improve student outcomes. Key points: - Action research enables teachers to reflect on and test new teaching methods and materials on a small scale. - It differs from traditional research in that it focuses on generating local knowledge for positive classroom change rather than generalizable findings. - Action research follows a cycle of identifying problems, planning interventions, collecting data, analyzing results, and reflecting on changes made. - It is well-suited for Montessori education as it is participatory, context-specific, and aims to enhance student and teacher learning.