This document discusses virtualization and provides an overview of the key concepts. It defines virtualization as emulating hardware in software to partition a physical machine into multiple virtual machines. Some key points made include: - Virtualization allows multiple operating systems and applications to run simultaneously on the same hardware. - It provides benefits like server consolidation, easier development and testing, and enables cloud computing. - There are different types of virtualization including hardware, desktop, software, memory, storage, network, and data virtualization. - A virtual machine monitor partitions physical resources and manages the virtual machines. Popular virtualization software includes VirtualBox and Qemu.