This document discusses web application frameworks. It begins with a brief history of web development and the need for frameworks. It defines what a framework is and distinguishes frameworks from libraries. Popular Java, PHP, and ASP.NET frameworks are described, including Spring, Struts, Hibernate, CakePHP, Zend, and Drupal. The MVC design pattern is explained. Advantages of frameworks include code reuse, support for common tasks, and ability to upgrade features easily. Disadvantages include additional learning curves and potential performance issues.