The document provides technical specifications and design details for an all-terrain vehicle created by students at Gandhi Institute of Engineering & Technology, Gunupur. Key points include:
- The vehicle has a 1018 steel space frame, weighs 270kg, has a 65" wheelbase and 13" of ground clearance.
- Suspension is double wishbone with hydraulic springs and dampers. Brakes are hydraulic discs.
- The manual transmission has 4 gears. Top speed is 53kph and 0-53kph time is 21 seconds.
- Other details provided include roll cage dimensions, analysis, steering, suspension and brake designs, cost breakdown, and a project timeline.
All Terrain Vehicle specifications and analysis for VIRTUAL BAJA SAE 2016 India. The report is prepared by students of Mechanical Engineering from Tezpur University
1. The document outlines the design specifications and rules for an all-terrain vehicle (ATV) racing competition. It includes requirements for dimensions, materials, driver safety, speeds, and allowed pre-fabricated parts.
2. Detailed specifications are provided for the vehicle's 10HP engine, roll cage made of chromoly steel, dimensions, weights, double wishbone front and rear suspension systems, rack and pinion steering, disc brakes, and 4-speed transmission.
3. Performance targets include minimum weight, desirable traction, maximum gradeability, reduced rolling resistance, and optimized braking. 2D drawings and 3D models illustrate the vehicle design.
Team Traxion'15 - Virtual Baja 2015 PresentationDhamodharan V
Traxion'15 is the official SAE collegiate team of Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering, Sriperumbudur, which participated in "SAE Virtual Baja 2015" held at Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad.
This document is a presentation of the designed ATV by Team Abhedya who secured overall rank 13th out of 325 team in the India on their debut performance.
140728 saffrony institute of technology virtual baja2015_presentationnayakabhishek96
The document provides technical specifications and design parameters for an all-terrain vehicle (ATV) project, including dimensions, materials, performance targets for components like the roll cage, brakes, suspension, and power train. Detailed 2D and 3D views show the design of the roll cage, springs, and final ATV configuration. Analysis results are presented for the roll cage and other components to validate the design meets safety and performance requirements.
Virtual baja 2016 17355 alpha college of engg. and tech._presentation.pptIshan Mehta
Team ID 17355 from Alpha College of Engineering & Technology designed and built an off-road vehicle for the Virtual Baja competition. Their proposed vehicle features improvements over the previous year's design including a lighter roll cage, optimized cockpit area, and improved suspension and drivetrain packaging. Key changes resulted in a weight reduction from 252kg to 196kg while improving specifications such as gradeability, top speed, and braking distance. Lessons from prior years helped focus on effective project management and testing to optimize performance.
The document provides technical details of a BAJA SAE vehicle designed by Team Piranha Racing from Maharashtra Institute of Technology, Pune. It includes dimensions, materials, and analysis results for components like the roll cage, suspension, transmission, brakes, and steering. Graphs show performance parameters like acceleration, traction forces, and steering characteristics. The document also outlines the project plan, workshop facilities, cost breakdown, and validation methods like a half-car model analysis of camber and roll center heights.
The document provides technical specifications and design details for an electric vehicle called ANDROSPHIN. It includes the vehicle's dimensions, weight, performance characteristics, component designs, analysis, and project planning. Key details are the vehicle's wheelbase of 1517.41mm, max speed of 60kmph, stopping distance of 7.867m, and total weight of 294kg. The chassis is made of AISI 4130 steel alloy. Components like the suspension, brakes, steering, and powertrain are also described in detail along with analysis of stresses and forces. The project timeline is outlined in a Gantt chart spanning 2017-2018.
All Terrain Vehicle specifications and analysis for VIRTUAL BAJA SAE 2016 India. The report is prepared by students of Mechanical Engineering from Tezpur University
1. The document outlines the design specifications and rules for an all-terrain vehicle (ATV) racing competition. It includes requirements for dimensions, materials, driver safety, speeds, and allowed pre-fabricated parts.
2. Detailed specifications are provided for the vehicle's 10HP engine, roll cage made of chromoly steel, dimensions, weights, double wishbone front and rear suspension systems, rack and pinion steering, disc brakes, and 4-speed transmission.
3. Performance targets include minimum weight, desirable traction, maximum gradeability, reduced rolling resistance, and optimized braking. 2D drawings and 3D models illustrate the vehicle design.
Team Traxion'15 - Virtual Baja 2015 PresentationDhamodharan V
Traxion'15 is the official SAE collegiate team of Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering, Sriperumbudur, which participated in "SAE Virtual Baja 2015" held at Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad.
This document is a presentation of the designed ATV by Team Abhedya who secured overall rank 13th out of 325 team in the India on their debut performance.
140728 saffrony institute of technology virtual baja2015_presentationnayakabhishek96
The document provides technical specifications and design parameters for an all-terrain vehicle (ATV) project, including dimensions, materials, performance targets for components like the roll cage, brakes, suspension, and power train. Detailed 2D and 3D views show the design of the roll cage, springs, and final ATV configuration. Analysis results are presented for the roll cage and other components to validate the design meets safety and performance requirements.
Virtual baja 2016 17355 alpha college of engg. and tech._presentation.pptIshan Mehta
Team ID 17355 from Alpha College of Engineering & Technology designed and built an off-road vehicle for the Virtual Baja competition. Their proposed vehicle features improvements over the previous year's design including a lighter roll cage, optimized cockpit area, and improved suspension and drivetrain packaging. Key changes resulted in a weight reduction from 252kg to 196kg while improving specifications such as gradeability, top speed, and braking distance. Lessons from prior years helped focus on effective project management and testing to optimize performance.
The document provides technical details of a BAJA SAE vehicle designed by Team Piranha Racing from Maharashtra Institute of Technology, Pune. It includes dimensions, materials, and analysis results for components like the roll cage, suspension, transmission, brakes, and steering. Graphs show performance parameters like acceleration, traction forces, and steering characteristics. The document also outlines the project plan, workshop facilities, cost breakdown, and validation methods like a half-car model analysis of camber and roll center heights.
The document provides technical specifications and design details for an electric vehicle called ANDROSPHIN. It includes the vehicle's dimensions, weight, performance characteristics, component designs, analysis, and project planning. Key details are the vehicle's wheelbase of 1517.41mm, max speed of 60kmph, stopping distance of 7.867m, and total weight of 294kg. The chassis is made of AISI 4130 steel alloy. Components like the suspension, brakes, steering, and powertrain are also described in detail along with analysis of stresses and forces. The project timeline is outlined in a Gantt chart spanning 2017-2018.
The document provides details of the design of an off-road vehicle called the Team Dirt-Crusaders for the virtual mini Baja competition. It summarizes the key specifications of the vehicle including dimensions, weight, and materials used for the chassis. The chassis design evolved over several iterations to address shortcomings like arm mounting issues. Analysis using ANSYS found floor bracing improved strength and safety. Other systems described include the suspension, transmission, steering, brakes, and electrical circuit. Costs, a design validation plan, project schedule and DFMEAs for the transmission and crash tube are also summarized.
The document provides specifications for an engineering vehicle designed by Beant College of Engineering & Technology. It includes details on dimensions, materials used, analysis performed, and various vehicle systems. Key points include:
- The vehicle has an overall length of 2447.2 mm, width of 1828.8 mm, and is powered by a 305cc 10HP engine.
- Analysis was performed to select AISI 1018 steel for the roll cage based on its strength, cost, and weight properties.
- Finite element analysis using mesh convergence found an element size of 8 to have less than 5% error for stress analysis.
- The suspension design uses double wishbone configuration with specifications provided for components like
•SAE Baja is an Inter-colligate off road racing competition where the top engineering colleges in India successfully fabricate and race there all-terrain vehicles.
•The competition has various automotive giants like Mahindra, General motors etc. powering the event.
•The contest challenges each team to function as a firm whose objective is to design, fabricate, market and race off their vehicles that would be evaluated on a variety of manufacturing angles by various professionals from the sponsoring automotive companies.
The document summarizes the Baja SAE India 2014 team from Babu Banarasi Das National Institute of Technology & Management. It discusses the team size of 25 members and provides details on the vehicle specifications, subsystems, and manufacturing plans. Key aspects covered include the roll cage design using carbon steel, independent double wishbone suspension setup, rack and pinion steering, disc brakes, and Mahindra ALFA CVT transmission powered by a 305cc engine. The team's design validation, cost estimation, and manufacturing processes are also summarized.
The document provides technical specifications and design details for an ATV vehicle called Zephyr. It includes parameters such as dimensions, weight distribution, suspension geometry, braking calculations, and analysis of components like the roll cage, suspension, steering, powertrain, and brakes. Diagrams and CAD models illustrate and validate aspects of the design. Charts break down the vehicle's weight and costs by subsystem. The team composition allocates members to work on different vehicle systems.
Design, Analysis and fabrication of ATV (All Terrain Vehicle) for the event B...vinay kumar
The document provides specifications and design details for a formula-style racing vehicle. It includes dimensions, materials used, analysis of various components like the roll cage, brakes, suspension, and steering. Analysis of the roll cage shows safety factors meet requirements. Suspension design was optimized through iteration. The braking system was designed to meet performance targets. Cost analysis showed largest expenses were the powertrain and suspension systems. The project plan involves various team members focusing on different vehicle subsystems and includes failure mode considerations.
The document provides information about BAJA SAE India, an intercollegiate engineering design competition. It discusses that the objective is to simulate real-world engineering projects and challenges. Teams must design, build, test, and compete with a vehicle within the competition rules. There are two vehicle categories: internal combustion and electric vehicles. The competition consists of three phases - preliminary, virtual, and physical dynamic events. It then provides overviews of the key vehicle systems and departments involved in BAJA vehicles, including frames and ergonomics, suspension and steering, powertrain, brakes, and statics. It discusses the components, design considerations, and analysis methods for each department.
This document provides an overview of automotive suspension design. It begins with acknowledging references used and defining an automotive suspension as a 3D four bar linkage system that gives a vehicle maneuverability. The document then outlines the process of suspension design, including selecting targets, architecture, hard points, rates, loads, springs, dampers, and components. Design considerations like ride height, travel, roll stiffness, and load distribution are discussed. Finally, the document discusses how suspension geometry affects vehicle handling characteristics like understeer, oversteer, grip, and wear.
This document provides information about Team Auto Architects' design of an ATV for the Baja SAE India 2013 competition. It summarizes the team composition, management structure, and technical areas. Key technical specifications of the designed ATV are presented, including performance targets, dimensions, suspension design, and innovations to reduce emissions. Finite element analysis was conducted on the roll cage design. Experimental stress analysis using strain gauges validated the FEA results. The project plan outlines conceptual, development, and implementation phases.
The document describes the design of an all-terrain vehicle created by Team Juggernaut Racing for the Baja Student India competition. Key aspects of the design include the roll cage, which was analyzed for strength and safety. The suspension and steering systems were optimized for off-road performance. Components like the brakes, drivetrain, and chassis were selected and analyzed using modeling software. The goal was to create a vehicle that can easily handle rugged terrain at high speeds while keeping the driver safe.
The document summarizes the design of an off-road vehicle created by University of Texas at San Antonio students for the 2015 Baja SAE competition. It describes the design of the front and rear suspension systems, drivetrain, controls including steering and braking, and the frame. Analysis was conducted using software tools to optimize various components for performance over rough terrain while maintaining structural integrity. The vehicle was designed with a focus on safety, manufacturability, durability and performance given engineering and economic constraints.
This document provides a design report for an electrically powered BAJA SAE vehicle. It summarizes the roll cage design which uses AISI 4130 steel for its strength to weight ratio. Finite element analysis was performed on the roll cage design to analyze stresses from impacts. The front and rear suspension geometries were evaluated using software and the springs were sized to support the vehicle. The team worked to manufacture parts and procure components on time to complete the project for the competition.
The propeller shaft transmits power from the gearbox to the rear differential. It includes U-joints and a slip joint to adjust for length changes over bumps. There are two main types of propeller shaft: the torque tube type, which fully encloses the shaft in a hollow tube connected to the rear axle housing, and the Hotchkiss type, which absorbs torque through the rear leaf spring using a shaft with universal joints and a sliding joint. Propeller shafts must be dynamically balanced, made of hardened steel to withstand torque loads, and designed to avoid resonance at high speeds.
Design, Analysis and Optimization of Automobile Wheel HubKrishna Khandelwal
This document summarizes a student project analyzing wheel hub design. It discusses common wheel hub components and materials used, including aluminum 1060 alloy and AISI 1035 steel. Failure analysis found failures were typically due to lack of lubrication, overloading, or improper nut installation. Analysis of the materials found aluminum 1060 alloy to be better than AISI 1035 steel for wheel hubs with safety factors of 5.4 and 3.8, respectively. The designed wheel hub assembly in SOLIDWORKS was found to provide stability during wheel rotation.
The document provides details about Team Sovereign's Baja SAE vehicle for 2023, including lessons learned from 2022 and design improvements. Key areas summarized include the roll cage design process, CAE analysis, suspension upgrades that reduced CG height and optimized toe angle, an upgraded steering system with increased torque and turn lock-to-lock, and powertrain changes such as a lower gear ratio and increased max acceleration. Testing plans and a project schedule are also outlined.
The document discusses steering systems for vehicles. It describes how rack and pinion steering works by converting circular motion from the steering wheel to linear motion that turns the front wheels. Power steering systems are also summarized, noting how hydraulic or electric power assists the driver in turning the wheels. Four-wheel steering is covered, explaining how active systems can turn the rear wheels in the same or opposite direction as the front wheels depending on speed.
Chassis is the main support structure of the vehicle which is also known as ‘Carrying Unit’. It bears all the stresses on the vehicle in both static and dynamic conditions.”
The document discusses various components of vehicle wheels and tires. It describes pressed steel discs as the most popular type of wheel due to their strength, light weight, and low cost of mass production. It explains that a wheel assembly must sustain braking and other forces and lists its key components. The document also covers topics such as wheel balancing, tire sizing designations, tread patterns, inflation pressure, and types of tire wear caused by issues like improper camber alignment.
In this paper three different cut patterns of brake disc are studied for heat transfer rate. Heat transfer rate increases with number of cuts in the disc. This is because large area is exposed to air which makes more heat transfer through conduction and convection. But increase in number and size of cuts decreases the strength of disc. And analysed thermally in ANSYS for different material and design created in CREO 3.0.
Detailed design calculations & analysis of go kart vehicleAvinash Barve
Go-kart is a compact four-wheeler racing vehicle. Go-kart having very low ground clearance and can be work on the only flat racing track. We will create a model using 3D CAD software such as CREO PARAMETRIC, SOLIDWORKS and ANSYS WORKBENCH after completing the modeling the design is tested against all types of failure, stresses, and deformation by using analysis software. Based on design calculation and analysis result can be changed as per further modifications in dimensions.
The document provides specifications for an electric vehicle including:
- Dimensions of 70 inches long, 55 inches wide, with a 45 inch wheelbase and 35 inch track.
- The roll cage is made of AISI 1018 steel that is 1 inch in diameter and 3mm thick.
- It has a 12 kg roll cage, 170 kg total mass, 1 inch ground clearance, and can reach speeds of 65 kmph.
- Finite element analysis was conducted and showed maximum deformations of 0.67mm on front impact and 0.13mm on rear impact.
- Ergonomics and safety aspects are maintained with a spacious cockpit and components within reach.
- The braking system can
The document provides details of the design of an off-road vehicle called the Team Dirt-Crusaders for the virtual mini Baja competition. It summarizes the key specifications of the vehicle including dimensions, weight, and materials used for the chassis. The chassis design evolved over several iterations to address shortcomings like arm mounting issues. Analysis using ANSYS found floor bracing improved strength and safety. Other systems described include the suspension, transmission, steering, brakes, and electrical circuit. Costs, a design validation plan, project schedule and DFMEAs for the transmission and crash tube are also summarized.
The document provides specifications for an engineering vehicle designed by Beant College of Engineering & Technology. It includes details on dimensions, materials used, analysis performed, and various vehicle systems. Key points include:
- The vehicle has an overall length of 2447.2 mm, width of 1828.8 mm, and is powered by a 305cc 10HP engine.
- Analysis was performed to select AISI 1018 steel for the roll cage based on its strength, cost, and weight properties.
- Finite element analysis using mesh convergence found an element size of 8 to have less than 5% error for stress analysis.
- The suspension design uses double wishbone configuration with specifications provided for components like
•SAE Baja is an Inter-colligate off road racing competition where the top engineering colleges in India successfully fabricate and race there all-terrain vehicles.
•The competition has various automotive giants like Mahindra, General motors etc. powering the event.
•The contest challenges each team to function as a firm whose objective is to design, fabricate, market and race off their vehicles that would be evaluated on a variety of manufacturing angles by various professionals from the sponsoring automotive companies.
The document summarizes the Baja SAE India 2014 team from Babu Banarasi Das National Institute of Technology & Management. It discusses the team size of 25 members and provides details on the vehicle specifications, subsystems, and manufacturing plans. Key aspects covered include the roll cage design using carbon steel, independent double wishbone suspension setup, rack and pinion steering, disc brakes, and Mahindra ALFA CVT transmission powered by a 305cc engine. The team's design validation, cost estimation, and manufacturing processes are also summarized.
The document provides technical specifications and design details for an ATV vehicle called Zephyr. It includes parameters such as dimensions, weight distribution, suspension geometry, braking calculations, and analysis of components like the roll cage, suspension, steering, powertrain, and brakes. Diagrams and CAD models illustrate and validate aspects of the design. Charts break down the vehicle's weight and costs by subsystem. The team composition allocates members to work on different vehicle systems.
Design, Analysis and fabrication of ATV (All Terrain Vehicle) for the event B...vinay kumar
The document provides specifications and design details for a formula-style racing vehicle. It includes dimensions, materials used, analysis of various components like the roll cage, brakes, suspension, and steering. Analysis of the roll cage shows safety factors meet requirements. Suspension design was optimized through iteration. The braking system was designed to meet performance targets. Cost analysis showed largest expenses were the powertrain and suspension systems. The project plan involves various team members focusing on different vehicle subsystems and includes failure mode considerations.
The document provides information about BAJA SAE India, an intercollegiate engineering design competition. It discusses that the objective is to simulate real-world engineering projects and challenges. Teams must design, build, test, and compete with a vehicle within the competition rules. There are two vehicle categories: internal combustion and electric vehicles. The competition consists of three phases - preliminary, virtual, and physical dynamic events. It then provides overviews of the key vehicle systems and departments involved in BAJA vehicles, including frames and ergonomics, suspension and steering, powertrain, brakes, and statics. It discusses the components, design considerations, and analysis methods for each department.
This document provides an overview of automotive suspension design. It begins with acknowledging references used and defining an automotive suspension as a 3D four bar linkage system that gives a vehicle maneuverability. The document then outlines the process of suspension design, including selecting targets, architecture, hard points, rates, loads, springs, dampers, and components. Design considerations like ride height, travel, roll stiffness, and load distribution are discussed. Finally, the document discusses how suspension geometry affects vehicle handling characteristics like understeer, oversteer, grip, and wear.
This document provides information about Team Auto Architects' design of an ATV for the Baja SAE India 2013 competition. It summarizes the team composition, management structure, and technical areas. Key technical specifications of the designed ATV are presented, including performance targets, dimensions, suspension design, and innovations to reduce emissions. Finite element analysis was conducted on the roll cage design. Experimental stress analysis using strain gauges validated the FEA results. The project plan outlines conceptual, development, and implementation phases.
The document describes the design of an all-terrain vehicle created by Team Juggernaut Racing for the Baja Student India competition. Key aspects of the design include the roll cage, which was analyzed for strength and safety. The suspension and steering systems were optimized for off-road performance. Components like the brakes, drivetrain, and chassis were selected and analyzed using modeling software. The goal was to create a vehicle that can easily handle rugged terrain at high speeds while keeping the driver safe.
The document summarizes the design of an off-road vehicle created by University of Texas at San Antonio students for the 2015 Baja SAE competition. It describes the design of the front and rear suspension systems, drivetrain, controls including steering and braking, and the frame. Analysis was conducted using software tools to optimize various components for performance over rough terrain while maintaining structural integrity. The vehicle was designed with a focus on safety, manufacturability, durability and performance given engineering and economic constraints.
This document provides a design report for an electrically powered BAJA SAE vehicle. It summarizes the roll cage design which uses AISI 4130 steel for its strength to weight ratio. Finite element analysis was performed on the roll cage design to analyze stresses from impacts. The front and rear suspension geometries were evaluated using software and the springs were sized to support the vehicle. The team worked to manufacture parts and procure components on time to complete the project for the competition.
The propeller shaft transmits power from the gearbox to the rear differential. It includes U-joints and a slip joint to adjust for length changes over bumps. There are two main types of propeller shaft: the torque tube type, which fully encloses the shaft in a hollow tube connected to the rear axle housing, and the Hotchkiss type, which absorbs torque through the rear leaf spring using a shaft with universal joints and a sliding joint. Propeller shafts must be dynamically balanced, made of hardened steel to withstand torque loads, and designed to avoid resonance at high speeds.
Design, Analysis and Optimization of Automobile Wheel HubKrishna Khandelwal
This document summarizes a student project analyzing wheel hub design. It discusses common wheel hub components and materials used, including aluminum 1060 alloy and AISI 1035 steel. Failure analysis found failures were typically due to lack of lubrication, overloading, or improper nut installation. Analysis of the materials found aluminum 1060 alloy to be better than AISI 1035 steel for wheel hubs with safety factors of 5.4 and 3.8, respectively. The designed wheel hub assembly in SOLIDWORKS was found to provide stability during wheel rotation.
The document provides details about Team Sovereign's Baja SAE vehicle for 2023, including lessons learned from 2022 and design improvements. Key areas summarized include the roll cage design process, CAE analysis, suspension upgrades that reduced CG height and optimized toe angle, an upgraded steering system with increased torque and turn lock-to-lock, and powertrain changes such as a lower gear ratio and increased max acceleration. Testing plans and a project schedule are also outlined.
The document discusses steering systems for vehicles. It describes how rack and pinion steering works by converting circular motion from the steering wheel to linear motion that turns the front wheels. Power steering systems are also summarized, noting how hydraulic or electric power assists the driver in turning the wheels. Four-wheel steering is covered, explaining how active systems can turn the rear wheels in the same or opposite direction as the front wheels depending on speed.
Chassis is the main support structure of the vehicle which is also known as ‘Carrying Unit’. It bears all the stresses on the vehicle in both static and dynamic conditions.”
The document discusses various components of vehicle wheels and tires. It describes pressed steel discs as the most popular type of wheel due to their strength, light weight, and low cost of mass production. It explains that a wheel assembly must sustain braking and other forces and lists its key components. The document also covers topics such as wheel balancing, tire sizing designations, tread patterns, inflation pressure, and types of tire wear caused by issues like improper camber alignment.
In this paper three different cut patterns of brake disc are studied for heat transfer rate. Heat transfer rate increases with number of cuts in the disc. This is because large area is exposed to air which makes more heat transfer through conduction and convection. But increase in number and size of cuts decreases the strength of disc. And analysed thermally in ANSYS for different material and design created in CREO 3.0.
Detailed design calculations & analysis of go kart vehicleAvinash Barve
Go-kart is a compact four-wheeler racing vehicle. Go-kart having very low ground clearance and can be work on the only flat racing track. We will create a model using 3D CAD software such as CREO PARAMETRIC, SOLIDWORKS and ANSYS WORKBENCH after completing the modeling the design is tested against all types of failure, stresses, and deformation by using analysis software. Based on design calculation and analysis result can be changed as per further modifications in dimensions.
The document provides specifications for an electric vehicle including:
- Dimensions of 70 inches long, 55 inches wide, with a 45 inch wheelbase and 35 inch track.
- The roll cage is made of AISI 1018 steel that is 1 inch in diameter and 3mm thick.
- It has a 12 kg roll cage, 170 kg total mass, 1 inch ground clearance, and can reach speeds of 65 kmph.
- Finite element analysis was conducted and showed maximum deformations of 0.67mm on front impact and 0.13mm on rear impact.
- Ergonomics and safety aspects are maintained with a spacious cockpit and components within reach.
- The braking system can
The team designed an eco-friendly three-wheeled vehicle called Efficycle for the EFFI-CYCLE 2013 competition. [1] They focused on simplicity, efficiency, ergonomics and safety while keeping the design affordable. [2] Key aspects of the design included a durable 1018 steel roll cage, BLDC motor and lithium battery power train, disc brakes, front and rear suspension, and an under-seat steering system. [3] Extensive analysis and testing was conducted to validate the design.
Team Spark Racing - FSAE Italy & SAE Supra 2015Dhamodharan V
Spark Racing is the official FSAE Team of Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering, Sriperumbudur. Our Student Formula Car built was driven at FSAE Italy, 2015. Emerged 39th in the combustion category among 55 teams.
The document provides details on the design of a Baja vehicle created by engineering students. It includes:
- Dimensions and specifications of the vehicle meeting competition requirements.
- 3D models and diagrams of the vehicle layout, including chassis, suspension, steering, brakes, powertrain.
- Analysis of components like suspension geometry, braking, materials selection.
- Cost analysis showing largest expenses are engine, transmission and suspension.
- Weight analysis with largest components being roll cage, suspension/steering and powertrain.
- Failure modes analysis and preventative measures for key parts like chassis, suspension and brakes.
- Available manufacturing facilities that can be used to produce parts
1. The document provides technical details of a Baja buggy including dimensions, specifications of components like the roll cage, suspension, steering, brakes, and powertrain.
2. A double wishbone suspension is used at both the front and rear. Rack and pinion steering and disc brakes on all four wheels are also described.
3. The powertrain consists of a 305cc single cylinder engine coupled to a CVT transmission to deliver power to the wheels.
The document describes a target setting procedure for designing the suspension system of a tractor and semi-trailer combination. An analytical target setting procedure is proposed using computer modeling and simulation to define the required suspension system attributes that will produce desired vehicle-level performance characteristics, such as ride quality and handling. Key steps in the procedure include defining design variables, conducting experiments to build response surface models, performing multi-objective optimization, and stochastic optimization to develop robust suspension targets.
Design and Optimization of steering and Suspension System of All Terrain VehicleIRJET Journal
The document discusses the design and optimization of the steering and suspension system for an all-terrain vehicle (ATV). Calculations were performed to design the springs and steering components. The front and rear suspension systems were simulated using Lotus software. Finite element analysis was conducted on the front and rear knuckles under braking conditions using ANSYS. The results showed maximum stresses below yield strength with safety factors above 2, indicating the designs would withstand the intended loading. The knuckles were then manufactured using CNC machining.
This document provides an overview of Team Vega, a student formula team from JSS Academy of Technical Education, Noida. It describes the vehicle design including dimensions, materials used, analysis conducted, suspension geometry, steering, brakes, engine and powertrain selection and specifications. It also includes information on the project timeline, costs, facilities and an overview of the key vehicle specifications.
IRJET- Design of a Compact Go Kart VehicleIRJET Journal
This document describes the design of a compact go kart vehicle. It provides technical specifications of the vehicle including dimensions, materials used, engine details, wheel specifications, braking system components and calculations. The braking system was designed to provide maximum braking efficiency and safety. Design calculations were performed for the braking system to determine forces, pressures, torque, deceleration, stopping distance and thermal analysis of the brakes. The steering and transmission systems are also described along with the target performance goals of the kart design.
This document contains information about the design team working on the project including names and areas of technical concern. It also includes CAD models and renderings of the vehicle design as well as summaries of the analysis simulations conducted on the frame, suspension and other components. Furthermore, it outlines the specifications and considerations for components like the hub motors, batteries, brakes and other systems. The project plan timeline is also included showing the schedule and duration of different tasks.
inclined car parking lift mechanism system by 070 batch (IOE Pulchowk)Dinesh Rawal
The document describes the design, fabrication and testing of an inclined car parking lift mechanism. It includes sections on the objectives, literature review, methodology, design calculations, components, working principle, results and analysis, costing, and conclusions. The key points are:
1. The project aims to design a vehicle lifting mechanism for easy movement on an inclined surface and analyze its operating cost.
2. A review of literature on lift systems from 1929 to present day showed they are powered by electric motors or hydraulic pumps to efficiently park vehicles.
3. The methodology involved concept development, data collection, design, fabrication, testing, and analysis of stress, velocity and operating costs with varying payloads.
4.
IRJET- Design of Steering System for All Terrain VehicleIRJET Journal
This document describes the design of a steering system for an all-terrain vehicle (ATV) that will compete in SAE BAJA competitions. The objectives were to design an efficient, durable, and inexpensive steering system using a rack and pinion mechanism. An Ackerman steering geometry was selected to provide stability at low speeds required for the competition. The design was modeled and simulated using Creo and Adams software. The simulation showed that the design reduced bump steer. Dimensions and calculations of the design are provided to show it can deliver the required steering torque of 88.462 N while meeting the design requirements.
SEM GRADER CATALOGY SPECIFICATIONS AND PARTSENGBARAKAJOEL
This document provides specifications for three motor grader models: SEM919, SEM921, and SEM922AWD. It lists technical details like operation weight, dimensions, engine information, hydraulic system components, and control system features. The models have a large cab for operator comfort, load sensing hydraulic system for precise blade control, and an A-frame drawbar for strength at different blade angles. Optional attachments include a rear ripper/scarifier, snow wing, and cab guards.
The document describes an electric pallet truck. It lists the truck's specifications and features. It has an advanced AC control system that requires minimal maintenance. It has a side-way battery that can be easily replaced using a roll-out system. The truck also has an emergency reversing device, overload protection, stepless speed control, and other safety and productivity features. It has a compact design with a small turning radius and is water-proof and dust-proof. It is designed for durability with reinforced structures and components that are easy to service.
Walkie type electric pallet truck cbd20 k(d)Amber Dai
The document summarizes the features of an electric pallet truck. It has an advanced AC control system that requires minimal maintenance. It has an intelligent regenerative brake system that increases performance by decreasing battery charge intervals. It has a side-way battery with a roll-out system that is convenient for replacing batteries. It also has safety features like an emergency reversing device and overload protection. The structure is waterproof and dustproof with a small turning radius. It has serviceability features like low battery protection and CANbus technology that reduces wiring complexity.
The document provides technical specifications and dimensions for the new Renault Twingo, including:
- Trunk volume ranges from 188 to 980 liters depending on rear seat position.
- Exterior dimensions such as wheelbase, length, width, ground clearance, and cargo space behind seats.
- Engine options include a 0.999 liter 3-cylinder with 52 or 70 horsepower and a 0.898 liter turbocharged 3-cylinder with 90 horsepower.
- Fuel economy ranges from 4.2 to 4.5 liters per 100 km depending on the engine and transmission.
1) The document discusses the design and analysis of a gear drive mechanism for a bicycle as an alternative to the traditional chain drive.
2) Several chainless drive concepts were proposed and evaluated using a Pugh matrix, selecting a shaft and bevel gear drive system.
3) CAD models and finite element analysis were performed on the selected gear drive system. The results showed stresses within the material strength.
4) A functional prototype of the gear drive system was built and tested, demonstrating the feasibility of the alternative drive mechanism.
Similar to Virtual BAJA 2015_16116_Team A.T.O.M_PRESENTATION (19)
2. GENERAL SPEC.S SELECTED
Body Type Space
frame(AISI 1018
STEEL )
Kerb Weight 270 Kg
Overall Dimensions 98”*65”*60”
Wheel Base 65”
Track Width Front-52”
Rear-48”
Ground Clearance 13”
SUSPENSION TYPE
Front Type Travel Unparallel Unequal
Double Whisbone
Rear Type
Travel
Unparallel Unequal
Double Whisbone
Shocker Type
Spring Deflection
Hydraulic Spring
Damper
BRAKES SELECTED
Type Hydraulic Disc
Brake(Pulsar)
Rotor Size
(Front/Rear)
220 mm /
200 mm
Cylinder Dual Master
Cylinder
Stooping
Distance(m)
12
ENGINE &
TRANSMISSION VALUES
Type
Manual
Gear box Mahindra Alfa 4
Acceleration m/s2 0.773
Maximum Speed
(Kph)
53 kmps
0-53 kmph 21 s
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION AND PERFORMANCE OF PROPOSED VEHICLE
STEERING VALUES
Design Rack & Pinion
Centralized(11”)
Geometry Over True Ackerman
Turning Radius(m) 2.57
Steering Ratio 12:1
3. Roll cage Ergonomics Member Roll Cage
Member
s
Dimensi
on
Primary
Member
RRH
RHO
FBM
LC
FLC
LFS
1”OD
:
0.120”(3m
m)
thickness
Secondary
Member
LBD
SIM
FAB
USM
ALL CROSS
MEMBERS
1”OD
:
0.039”(1m
m)
thickness
Roll Cage Material
Physical Property
AISI 1018 Mild
Steel
Density 7.7 gm/cc
Yield strength 383 MPa
Ultimate Tensile
Strength
440 MPa
cost Rs-140/- /ft
Poisson’s Ratio 0.29
Young’s Modulus 205 GPa
Carbon Content 0.18%
Driver’s helmet should have 6” (152mm)clearance to
the side of surface(RHO).Roll Cage must provide a
clearance of 3” to driver.
Spacious enough to accommodate a person with 95th
percentile male to the 5th percentile female population.
Reduction in weight due to selection of material with
high strength to weight ratio
Smaller thickness is selected for secondary members
resulting reduction in weight.
Front end of then RHO members of must be at least 12”
forward vertically from the side bottom.
Angle between the FBM and the vertical members is <45
degree.
SIM is at 8-14” above the seat bottom.
Material Tubing SAE 1018 Mild
Steel
Outside Diameter 25.4 mm
Inside Diameter 19.4mm
Wall Thickness 3mm
4. Roll Cage Analysis
Particulars Front
Impact
Rear
Impact
Side
Impact
Roll
over
Torsoinal
Rigidity
Front wheel
bump test
Total applied
force (N)
8G 8G 4G 2G 2G 1G
Maximum total
deformation
(mm)
1 12 5.25 1.4 1.4 0.7
Max. Combined
stress (MPa)
214 290 325 178 106 250
FOS 3.09 1.5 1.33 2.4 4.14 2.8
Stiffness of Roll
cage (N/mm)
4421 2040 736 896 3139 784.2
Roll over Deformation
Rear Impact Deformation
Side Impact Deformation
Front Impact Deformation
Torsional Rigidity
Deformation
Bumping
Deformation
Particulars Constraints Forces applied
Torsional One side of front
suspension
Another side of front
suspension
Drop Suspension
mounting points
At LFS node points
Bump Suspension
mounting point
Shocker mounting point
5. SUSPENSION DESIGN –FRONT / REAR
Static Data's
Camber angle -2.3 deg
Caster angle +3.2 deg
King pin angle 6 deg
Roll centre height 5” from
ground
Scrub radius (mm) 45.27
Particulars Front Rear
Spring stiffness (N/mm) 23 18
Spring travel (inch) 5 4
Natural frequency (Hz) 0.78 0.9
Motion ratio 0.79 0.91
Results
Roll centre height
• Front 241 mm
• Rear 341mm
Centre of gravity
height = 18 inch
Ground Clearance =13
13”
Design Considerations
Kingpin and caster angle are kept in such a way that they can compensate each others camber gain, by
providing there individual function.
A positive king pin angle is kept to help in steering the vehicle.
Roll centre below CG to avoid jacking force.
Front ride frequency is greater than rear.
Roll axis inclined towards front to give understeer characteristic.
Front double wishbone unequal parallel arm to have better traction during cornering.
*Static camber : -2.3
•Caster:- +3.2˚
*Spring Constant
( Front):- 23 N/mm
*Spring constant
(Rear) :- 18 N/mm
* 1° of toe change per 6’’
of travel
* Static Roll Center
Height – 5 ‘’ from ground
* Wheel Travel
7’’ – Up , 5’’ - Down
Camber change during bump Caster change during bump
Change in Roll Center Height
Graphs of Bump and Roll analysis
Front lower A arm Deformation
% change in ant-dive with bump Damper Travel During Bump
Toe change during bump
Upright analysis result
Front lower A arm Deformation
Anti Dive Geometry in LOTUS Suspension Analysis
suspension
Spring material Oil Temperd
low carbon
steel
Spring wire Dia 10 mm
Sprung mass 250 Kg
Unsprung Mass 100 Kg
6. THERMALANALYSIS OF DISC
Brake Geometry Specification
Brake Type 4 Wheel Disc Brake
Split Type Front & Rear
Disc Size Front (mm) Bajaj 220
Disc Size Rear (mm) Bajaj 200
Master Cylinder area(mm2) 285.02
Breaking Torque( Front/Rear) 1047 Nm
952 Nm
Design Parameter Values
Static load at front axle (kg) 128.24
Static load at rear axle (kg) 222.75
Total weight of the vehicle (Target)
(kg)
350
Dynamic load @ front axle (Braking)
(N)
1786
Dynamic load @ rear ( Braking ) (N)
Height of C.G form ground (inch) 18
Distance of C.G from rear axle (inch) 40.55
Distance of C.G from front axle
(inch)
23.44
Rolling radius (inch) 12
Coefficient of friction between road
and wheels
0.7
In order to achieve “Optimum Brake
Balance”, or to
achieve 100% base brake efficiency, the
ratio of the front
and rear dynamic braking forces will be
equal to the ratio of
the front and rear vertical forces (axle
weights).
Under-steering & Over-steering, both
possible with brake bias adjustment.
Bias bar takes force from one side and gives
to another.
60% of braking capacity should be on front
tires due to dynamic weight transfer.
Keeping the 60-40 %, the stopping distance
of the ATV will reduce.
While braking the Anti-Dive Geometry
reduces the effect of weight transfer.
Calculations done to achieve “Optimum
Brake Balance”
128.24 Kg 222.57Kg
C.G
11.89m Stopping Distance
F R
40.56”
18”
85 kg Load trtransfer
7. Centralized Rack and Pinion.
Over True Ackerman Geometry.
• Design Considerations:
Cot(Ø)-Cot(Ɵ)=(Distance b/w
kingpins)/Wheelbase,
Sin(ɑ+Ɵ)+Sin(ɑ-Ø)=2Sin(ɑ),
Rof = (b/sin(Ø))+(a-c)/2,
• Specification of rack and pinion:
Rack Length(eye to eye) = 11
inches,
Rack Travel(centre to lock) = 2.25
inches,
Pinion Rotation(centre to lock)=2700
Over True Ackerman Geometry in CATIA
Proposed design in CATIA
Variables values
Type Centrally aligned rack &
pinion
Steering rake (inch) 11
Steering Ratio 12:1
No. of turns(cent to lock) 1.3
Turning radius(m) 2.57
Turning angle(Inner) deg. 40
Turning angle(Outer)
deg.
27.56
Ackerman angle deg 28.3
steering wheel
diameter(mm)
185
Tie rod ( inch) 16.5
11” Rack And Pinion
8. POWER TRAIN
ENGINE SPECIFICATIONS
MAX POWER 10 HP
MAX TORQUE 19 N-m
PERFORMANCE
ACCELERATION
TEST
Acceleration :
0.773 m/s2
0 – 60
kmph
in
21.58
s.
HILL
CLIMBING
TEST
Speed :
13.162 kmph
At a
Grada
bility
of
100%
.
GEAR RATIO
GEAR GEAR RATIO SPEED
1ST 31.48:1 12 kmph
2nd 18.70:1 21.04 kmph
3rd 11.40:1 34.53 kmph
4th 7.35:1 53 kmph
BASIC CALCULATION
PARAMETER TYPE / VALUE
GEAR BOX MAHINDRA ALPHA
TRANSMISSION
ORIENTATION
FORWARD/ REAR
ENGINE REAR WHEEL
COUPLING TYPE MANUAL/ DIRECT
COUPLING
TRACTIVE FORCE 427.21N
MAXIMUM SPEED 53 kmph
TIME 0-53 KMPH IN 19.07
seconds.
TYRE
SPECIFICATION
VALUES
Wheel Size(Front
& Rear)
24”*8”*12”
Rim Outer
Diameter
12”
Width 8”
Analysis of stress induced in muff coupler
9. Roll Cage
6% Engine &
Transmissio
n
27%
Suspension
& Wheel
40%
Brakes
5%
Steering
6%
Safety(Hel
met,Driver
Suit,Fire
Extinguishe
r)
12%
Others
4%
Roll Cage
20%
Transmissi
on
21%
Suspensio
n
12%
Wheel &
Rim
16%
Brakes
7%
Steering
3%
Safety
8%
Others
13%
Chart Title
COST AND WEIGHT ANALYSIS PIE CHART
COST- 272650/-
WEIGHT-270 Kg
10. Sl no. Task name Duration Start Finish
INITIATION STAGE
1. Team selection & allotment of departments 15 days MARCH 5, 2015 MARCH 20, 2015
2. Conceptualization & market availability 10 days MARCH 21, 2015 MARCH 30,2015
3. Sponsorship procurement plan 20 days APRIL 1, 2015 APRIL 15, 2015
4. Team registration 2 days APRIL 16, 2015 APRIL 17, 2015
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS STAGE
5. Design selection & calculations 20 days APRIL 24,2015 MAY 14, 2015
6. Part design & Analysis using various softwares 20 days MAY 20, 2015 JUNE 10, 2015
7. Assembling & rendering 3D view 5 days JUNE 11, 2015 JUNE 15, 2015
8. Preparation of presentation 10 days JUNE 21, 2015 JULY 1, 2015
BAJA SAEINDIA 2016 VIRTUALS, CHITKARA UNIVERSITY, CHANDIGARH 2 days JULY 10, 2015 JULY 11,2015
MATERIAL PROCUREMENT STAGE
9. Stage 1:1018 steel tubes, welding equipments, suspension, power trains, brakes, steering components 20 days JULY 20, 2015 AUGUST 8, 2015
10. Stage 2:Safety and electrical equipments, other miscellaneous items. 15 days AUGUST 13, 2015 AUGUST 27, 2015
MANUFACTURING STAGE
11. FABRICATION STAGE: Roll cage built up, Hub, upright, suspension arms, gearbox etc 32 days SEPTEMBER 1, 2015 OCTOBER 2, 2015
12. ASSEMBLY STAGE: Engine, power train installation, Suspension, Brake, steering system 20 days OCTOBER 3, 2015 OCTOBER 22, 2015
13. COMPLEMENTATION STAGE: Safety, electrical system installation, Aesthetics (body panelling, padding, painting) 15 days OCTOBER 24, 2015 NOVEMBER 8, 2015
DESIGN VALIDATION & REFINEMENT
14. STATIC TESTING PHASE
Weld test & Drop test, Go-on-go Test, fuel leak test, eggression test
Straight line stability, lock to lock angle, percentage ackermann & turning radius
Top speed test, acceleration test & brake test, Figure of 8 test
8 days NOVEMBER 9, 2015 NOVEMBER 16, 2015
15. DYNAMIC TESTING PHASE
•Gradability test Suspension test Manuverability test
10 days NOVEMBER 18, 2015 NOVEMBER 27, 2015
16. ENDURANCE TEST 31 days NOVEMBER 29, 2015 DECEMBER 29, 2015
DOCUMENTATION (SCCS, COST & DESIGN)
16. TECHNICAL INSPECTION
•Vehicle launching & promotional activities
8 days JANUARY 1, 2015 JANUARY 8, 2015
BAJA SAE MAIN EVENT-2016, INDORE : 4 days
PROJECT PLAN & VALIDATION REPORT