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Poetry Across Time: Character and voice

Key
Language: connotation, imagery, metaphor, simile
Structure and form: stanzas, type, patterns, contrast, juxtaposition
Poetic methods: alliteration, caesura, assonance, rhythm, rhyme
Character and voice: who is speaking and to whom? Tone of voice
Links: comparisons to other speakers, methods and themes
  Benevolence to the rest of
  the natural world – sign of       Importance of location in many of the C&V
  man and nature being at           poems.
  odds.                                                Title is evocative of a pre-Christian Britain
                                                       steeped in pagan mythology and superstition.
Pun on the phrase
‘rough and ready’?     The River God
                       Of the River Mimram in Hertfordshire              Four adjectives with
                                                                         unattractive connotations –
Enjambment =                                                             juxtaposition with ‘beautiful’
                       I may be smelly and I may be old,                 subject matter.
inability to
separate
                       Rough in my pebbles, reedy in my pools,
                                                                                       Voice – vindictive,
internal               But where my fish float by I bless their swimming
                                                                                       takes pleasure in
conflict &             And I like the people to bath in me, especially women.          the killing
rivers flow            But I can drown the fools                                       (sadism).
                       Who bathe too close to the weir, contrary to rules.
                                                                                            Eccentric and
                       And they take a long time drowning                                   whimsical yet
                       As I throw them up now and then in the spirit of clowning.           disruptive and
                       Hi yih, yippity-yap, merrily I flow,                                 spiteful.
                       O I may be an old foul river but I have plenty of go.
Repeated
‘beautiful’            Once there was a lady who was too bold
suggests lack          She bathed in me by the tall black cliff where the water runs cold,
of eloquence –         So I brought her down here                Allusion to the underworld and Hades.
and simple             To be my beautiful dear.
world view.
                       Oh will she stay with me will she stay                               Use of question
                       This beautiful lady, or will she go away?                            = self-doubt and
Structure: single      She lies in my beautiful deep river bed with many a weed             uncertainty.
stanza = river         To hold her, and many a waving reed.
shape and stream                                                                              Deliberate
                       Oh who would guess what a beautiful white face lies there              phonic echo
of consciousness.
                       Waiting for me to smoothe and wash away the fear                       of ‘raving’.
                       She looks at me with. Hi yih, do not let her
Structure cyclical –   Go. There is no one on earth who does not forget her
returns to the start   Now. They say I am a foolish old river                          Repetition gives a
like the water         But they do not know of my wide original bed                    sense of desperate,
cycle.                                                                                 unhinged lonely voice.
                       Where they lady waits, with her golden sleepy head.
                       If she wishes to go I will not forgive her.
      Keyword: Extended metaphor. The feelings and thoughts of the river are all congruent with
      Smiths’ depression and insecurity as well as her fear of mortality.

Interpretations of the poem:
    • An extended metaphor describing the experience of being a river in the first person as a way of exploring
        issues of depression and loneliness.
    • A general commentary on how we hurt the ones that we love.

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The River God

  • 1. Poetry Across Time: Character and voice Key Language: connotation, imagery, metaphor, simile Structure and form: stanzas, type, patterns, contrast, juxtaposition Poetic methods: alliteration, caesura, assonance, rhythm, rhyme Character and voice: who is speaking and to whom? Tone of voice Links: comparisons to other speakers, methods and themes Benevolence to the rest of the natural world – sign of Importance of location in many of the C&V man and nature being at poems. odds. Title is evocative of a pre-Christian Britain steeped in pagan mythology and superstition. Pun on the phrase ‘rough and ready’? The River God Of the River Mimram in Hertfordshire Four adjectives with unattractive connotations – Enjambment = juxtaposition with ‘beautiful’ I may be smelly and I may be old, subject matter. inability to separate Rough in my pebbles, reedy in my pools, Voice – vindictive, internal But where my fish float by I bless their swimming takes pleasure in conflict & And I like the people to bath in me, especially women. the killing rivers flow But I can drown the fools (sadism). Who bathe too close to the weir, contrary to rules. Eccentric and And they take a long time drowning whimsical yet As I throw them up now and then in the spirit of clowning. disruptive and Hi yih, yippity-yap, merrily I flow, spiteful. O I may be an old foul river but I have plenty of go. Repeated ‘beautiful’ Once there was a lady who was too bold suggests lack She bathed in me by the tall black cliff where the water runs cold, of eloquence – So I brought her down here Allusion to the underworld and Hades. and simple To be my beautiful dear. world view. Oh will she stay with me will she stay Use of question This beautiful lady, or will she go away? = self-doubt and Structure: single She lies in my beautiful deep river bed with many a weed uncertainty. stanza = river To hold her, and many a waving reed. shape and stream Deliberate Oh who would guess what a beautiful white face lies there phonic echo of consciousness. Waiting for me to smoothe and wash away the fear of ‘raving’. She looks at me with. Hi yih, do not let her Structure cyclical – Go. There is no one on earth who does not forget her returns to the start Now. They say I am a foolish old river Repetition gives a like the water But they do not know of my wide original bed sense of desperate, cycle. unhinged lonely voice. Where they lady waits, with her golden sleepy head. If she wishes to go I will not forgive her. Keyword: Extended metaphor. The feelings and thoughts of the river are all congruent with Smiths’ depression and insecurity as well as her fear of mortality. Interpretations of the poem: • An extended metaphor describing the experience of being a river in the first person as a way of exploring issues of depression and loneliness. • A general commentary on how we hurt the ones that we love.
  翻译: