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1) The document appears to be an exam paper containing questions from various topics in management and organizational behaviour.
2) It is divided into four sections - Section A contains short answer questions, Section B contains longer answer questions requiring discussion/explanation, Section C also contains longer answer descriptive questions, and Section D contains a case study with related questions.
3) The questions cover topics such as levels of management, emotional intelligence, conflict in organizations, motivation theories, leadership theories, sources of emotions/moods, and the Hawthorne experiments among others.
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MINISO needs an email marketing strategy to:
1. Create awareness among customers about new products, engaging blog content, and product tips.
2. Help identify interested customers and increase website traffic.
3. Build better brand recognition and keep customers engaged by sending emails about new products and blogs.
The proposed strategy includes welcome, promotional, and thank you emails with the objectives of awareness, identification of interests, traffic, and recognition.
This document summarizes key provisions of the Tenant Protection Act of 2019 (AB 1482) in California, including a rent cap and just cause eviction requirements. It discusses:
- A rent cap that limits annual rent increases to 5% plus the cost of living adjustment, with exemptions for newer housing and some single-family homes.
- A just cause requirement for evictions after 12 months of tenancy, including no-fault reasons like owner move-in that require relocation benefits.
- Proper notice and documentation requirements, and consequences for noncompliance like an invalidated eviction notice.
- Frequently asked questions about calculating the rent cap percentage, defining substantial remodeling, and
Whether AB 1482 or the City of San Diego's Tenant's Right to Know Ordinance applies to your rental property and what that all means.
How to best handle lease extensions, changing the terms of the tenancy, and rent increases.
Understanding the Landlord's duty to repair, limited right to enter, and responsibility to relocate tenants during repairs.
This document summarizes real estate issues during the COVID-19 pandemic. Several counties issued shelter-in-place orders allowing limited real estate activities if remote work is not possible. Mortgage relief programs and foreclosure/eviction suspensions have been implemented. New forms address transaction delays or cancellations. Rent moratoriums prohibit evictions for non-payment if tenants provide documentation of financial hardship related to COVID-19. Commercial leases should be reviewed for force majeure, cessation of services, and quiet enjoyment clauses. Long term impacts may include increased non-payment of rent/mortgages, declining property values and rental rates, and a renters' and buyers' market.
This document is a judgment from the High Court of Andhra Pradesh regarding four writ petitions filed challenging the validity of an order issued by the State of Andhra Pradesh. The order amended rules related to leasing and licensing of shops and premises belonging to Hindu religious institutions. The petitioners argued the order discriminated against non-Hindus and violated their fundamental rights. The court examined the arguments and referred to several previous cases in its judgment.
1) The document appears to be an exam paper containing questions from various topics in management and organizational behaviour.
2) It is divided into four sections - Section A contains short answer questions, Section B contains longer answer questions requiring discussion/explanation, Section C also contains longer answer descriptive questions, and Section D contains a case study with related questions.
3) The questions cover topics such as levels of management, emotional intelligence, conflict in organizations, motivation theories, leadership theories, sources of emotions/moods, and the Hawthorne experiments among others.
Este documento proporciona una lista detallada de alimentos y sus porciones equivalentes en calorías. Incluye verduras, frutas, cereales, legumbres, lácteos, aceites, productos de origen animal y snacks, con la cantidad de cada alimento que equivale aproximadamente a 70, 115 o más calorías. También incluye consejos sobre una alimentación saludable y el contacto del Centro Municipal de Atención Nutricional y Diabetes.
MINISO needs an email marketing strategy to:
1. Create awareness among customers about new products, engaging blog content, and product tips.
2. Help identify interested customers and increase website traffic.
3. Build better brand recognition and keep customers engaged by sending emails about new products and blogs.
The proposed strategy includes welcome, promotional, and thank you emails with the objectives of awareness, identification of interests, traffic, and recognition.
This document summarizes key provisions of the Tenant Protection Act of 2019 (AB 1482) in California, including a rent cap and just cause eviction requirements. It discusses:
- A rent cap that limits annual rent increases to 5% plus the cost of living adjustment, with exemptions for newer housing and some single-family homes.
- A just cause requirement for evictions after 12 months of tenancy, including no-fault reasons like owner move-in that require relocation benefits.
- Proper notice and documentation requirements, and consequences for noncompliance like an invalidated eviction notice.
- Frequently asked questions about calculating the rent cap percentage, defining substantial remodeling, and
Whether AB 1482 or the City of San Diego's Tenant's Right to Know Ordinance applies to your rental property and what that all means.
How to best handle lease extensions, changing the terms of the tenancy, and rent increases.
Understanding the Landlord's duty to repair, limited right to enter, and responsibility to relocate tenants during repairs.
This document summarizes real estate issues during the COVID-19 pandemic. Several counties issued shelter-in-place orders allowing limited real estate activities if remote work is not possible. Mortgage relief programs and foreclosure/eviction suspensions have been implemented. New forms address transaction delays or cancellations. Rent moratoriums prohibit evictions for non-payment if tenants provide documentation of financial hardship related to COVID-19. Commercial leases should be reviewed for force majeure, cessation of services, and quiet enjoyment clauses. Long term impacts may include increased non-payment of rent/mortgages, declining property values and rental rates, and a renters' and buyers' market.
This document provides an overview of a conference on Scottish letting day 2019. It includes an agenda with sessions on succession planning for landlords, understanding private residential tenancies, and how to survive rent controls and the backlash against buy-to-let landlords. The final section lists contact information for the Scottish Association of Landlords which hosted the event.
This document provides information about a conference on Scottish Letting Day 2019 that included sessions on succession planning for landlords, understanding the private residential tenancy, and unwrapping the energy performance certificate. The succession planning session discussed powers of attorney, wills, and registration considerations for what would happen to a landlord's properties if they were unable to manage them. The private residential tenancy session reviewed creating and managing a private residential tenancy agreement. The energy performance certificate session explained the metrics and recommendations provided in an energy performance certificate for rental properties in Scotland.
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- Land tax relief includes a 25% rebate, waiver of the 2% foreign surcharge, and deferred payments for 2021. Rebates must be used to provide relief to tenants impacted by COVID-19.
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This document summarizes California's COVID-19 Tenant Relief Act of 2020. It provides that residential tenants who are unable to pay rent due to COVID-19 financial hardship can remain in their homes through January 2021 by submitting a declaration of hardship. Tenants must pay 25% of rent due from September to January by January 31, 2021 to avoid eviction. Unpaid rent can be collected through small claims court after March 1, 2021. The law also extends just cause eviction protections to all residential properties and expands protections for small landlords.
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This document provides information about a conference on Scottish Letting Day 2019 that included sessions on succession planning for landlords, understanding the private residential tenancy, and unwrapping the energy performance certificate. The succession planning session discussed powers of attorney, wills, and registration considerations for what would happen to a landlord's properties if they were unable to manage them. The private residential tenancy session reviewed creating and managing a private residential tenancy agreement. The energy performance certificate session explained the metrics and recommendations provided in an energy performance certificate for rental properties in Scotland.
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This document summarizes key topics related to buying and investing in the London property market. It discusses things to consider when purchasing an investment property such as location, rental demand, and buy-to-let mortgages. It also covers lease extensions, tenancy agreements, taxation implications, and using marriage agreements and wills for estate planning purposes. The presentation is intended to provide an overview of important legal and financial factors rather than specific advice.
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The document summarizes changes to foreign investment, land tax, and commercial leasing laws in Australia in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Key points include:
- The foreign investment review threshold is now $0, review timeframes have increased to 6 months, and foreign investors may face additional conditions. Not seeking approval can result in penalties.
- Land tax relief includes a 25% rebate, waiver of the 2% foreign surcharge, and deferred payments for 2021. Rebates must be used to provide relief to tenants impacted by COVID-19.
- New laws provide protections for commercial tenants who are SMEs eligible for JobKeeper. Landlords must provide at least 50% rent waiver and
A property tax or millage rate is an ad valorem tax on the value of a property, usually levied on real estate. The tax is levied by the governing authority of the jurisdiction in which the property is located. This can be a national government, a federated state, a county or geographical region or a municipality.
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2) Homeowners can claim deductions on their income tax return for items like standard deduction, interest paid on home loans up to Rs. 2 lakh, principal repayments up to Rs. 1.5 lakh, and other charges related to home purchases.
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2) The lease is for a 12-month period beginning on September 15, 2016 and ending on September 30, 2017. The monthly rent is $1,440.
3) The lease outlines various policies regarding payments, security deposits, utilities, repairs, pets, parking, and early termination of the lease. It also lists the responsibilities of both the landlord and resident during the lease period.
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1. Income from house property is taxable if the property is owned and is not used for business purposes. Various situations are discussed such as deemed ownership, self-occupied property, let out property, and vacant property.
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2. Overview
Civil Code § 1947.12: Rent Cap
• Sets a “rent cap” on annual rent increases at 5% plus
the change in cost of living for all rent increases
occurring on or after March 15, 2019.
Civil Code § 1946.2: Just-Cause & Relocation Benefits
• Creates a “just cause” requirement for termination of
a tenancy of 12 months or more.
• Requires a rent waiver or payment of relocation
benefits for tenancies terminated for “no-fault just
cause”
*certain properties are exempt from rent cap and just
cause rules.
4. Exemptions
Just Cause and Rent Caps do NOT
apply to:
•Housing built within the last 15
years
•A duplex in which the owner
occupies one of the units at the
commencement of and
throughout the tenancy;
5. Exemptions
Just Cause and Rent Caps do NOT apply to:
• A single-family residential property IF:
• The owner* is not a corporation, not an
LLC with at least one owner who is a
corporation, and not a real estate
investment trust (REIT); AND
• The owner gives the tenant a legally
required notice of exemption.
*Ownership by individuals, partnerships, individual co-
owners, trusts, and LLCs with no corporate owners, all
qualify for the exemption.
6. Exemptions | Notice
What do I need to do to claim exemption?
You must provide a written notice:
• For tenancy existing before July 1, 2020:
• Notice may, but is not required to, be provided in the rental
agreement.
• For tenancy commenced or renewed on or after July 1,
2020:
• Notice must be provided in rental agreement.
• If an owner fails to provide required notice, then single-family
home or condominium is not exempt from regulations.
7. Exemptions | Notice
Exemption notice must read: “This property is not
subject to the rent limits imposed by Section
1947.12 of the Civil Code and is not subject to the
just cause requirements of Section 1946.2 of the
Civil Code. This property meets the requirements
of Sections 1947.12 (d)(5) and 1946.2 (e)(8) of the
Civil Code and the owner is not any of the
following: (1) a real estate investment trust, as
defined by Section 856 of the Internal Revenue
Code; (2) a corporation; or (3) a limited liability
company in which at least one member is a
corporation.”
9. “Rent Cap” | Annual Rent Increase Limit
Maximum Rent Increase Per Year:
• 5% + CPI: Each year, landlords may raise the rent
by up to 5% plus the applicable Consumer Price
Index (CPI) percentage or 10%, whichever is
lower.
How do you Calculate the CPI?
• CPI percentage is the change from April 1 of the
prior year, to March 31st of the current year for
the region in which the rental is located.
10. CPI Confusion
• Law states CPI should be taken from
“region”
• It appears the lawmakers meant to use the
term “area”
• Author of the law has published conflicting
information on his website about CPI
• What is a Landlord to do?
12. “Rent Cap” | Annual Rent Increase Limit
Rent Cap Applies to Tenancies of 12 Months or More:
• For tenants who have lived in the unit for more than
12 months, landlords may increase the rent up to
two times within that period, but the increase
CANNOT exceed the rent cap.
When can I increase the rent to fair market value?
• Once a tenant vacates the unit, you may raise the
rent to market. Future increases on that new market
rent will be subject to the rent cap.
13. Rent Increases Made Before
January 1, 2020
Rent Increase Prior to March 15, 2019:
• If you raised the rent by more than 5% plus CPI prior
to March 15, 2019, that rent remains in effect.
Rent Increase Between March 15, 2019 & January 1,
2020:
• If you raised the rent by more than 5% plus CPI after
March 15, 2019, you will need to retroactively reduce
the rent.
• The reduced rent is the amount charged on March 15,
2019 plus the allowable rent increase (5% plus CPI or
10%, whichever is less).
14. Rent Increases Made Before
January 1, 2020
What if I charged too much rent between
March 15, 2019 & January 1, 2020?
• You can keep it! Tenants are not entitled to
a refund for rent charged above the rent
cap that was collected from March 15, 2019
to January 1, 2020.
16. Just Cause | Applicable Tenancies
• As of January 1, 2020, this requirement applies
to tenants who have continuously resided in the
unit for 12 months or more.
• If another tenant is added to the unit, “just
cause” requirement does not apply until all
tenants have continuously resided in the unit for
12 months or more, or at lease one tenant has
continuously resided in the unit for 24 months or
more.
17. Just Cause Termination
Terminating Tenancies 12 Months or More:
• Tenants in a property 12 months or more
are entitled to at least 60 Days Notice to
Quit with “just cause”
What is “just cause”?
• “Just cause” is a specific reason to
terminate that must be included on the
notice to quit
18. Just Cause Termination
Two categories of “just cause” termination:
1. At-Fault: The tenant did something to
justify termination
2. No-Fault: The tenant did not do
anything to justify termination and is
entitled to relocation benefits
19. At-Fault | Just Cause Termination
Civil Code § 1946.2: The at-fault just cause
reasons are:
1. Failure to pay rent;
2. Breach of a material lease term;
3. Maintaining, committing, or permitting the
maintenance or commission of a nuisance, as
defined by the law;
4. Committing waste;
5. Written lease terminated on or after January 1,
2020 and tenant refuses to execute a written
extension or renewal of the lease based on
similar terms;
6. Criminal activity by the tenant on the property;
20. At-Fault | Just Cause Termination
Civil Code § 1946.2: The at-fault just cause
reasons are:
7. Assigning or subletting in violation of the
lease;
8. Refusing owner access to the unit as
authorized by law;
9. Using premises for unlawful purposes
10. Resident manager’s failure to vacate after
termination;
11. Failure to deliver possession of the unit
following written notice to the landlord of
tenant’s intention to terminate the lease.
21. No-Fault | Just Cause Evictions
Civil Code § 1946.2 provides 4 no-fault reasons a tenancy
may be terminated. The no-fault just cause reasons are:
1. Intent by the owner or owner-relative to occupy the
unit; (only includes spouse, domestic partner, children,
grandchildren, parents or grandparents.)
2. Withdrawal of the rental property from the rental
market;
3. Intent to demolish or substantially remodel* the unit;
4. Owner is complying with a local ordinance, court order,
or other government entity resulting in the need to
vacate the property.
22. No-Fault | Just Cause Evictions
Just Cause Does NOT include:
• Sale of property;
• Moving a resident manager into a
unit.
23. No-Fault | Just Cause Evictions
What does it mean to “substantially
remodel” the unit?
• The replacement or substantial
modification of any structural, electrical,
plumbing, or mechanical system
• Requires a permit from a governmental
agency
24. No-Fault | Just Cause Evictions
What does it mean to “substantially remodel”
the unit?
• Abatement of hazardous materials, including
lead-based paint, mold, or asbestos, in
accordance with applicable federal, state, and
local laws
• Cannot be reasonably accomplished in a safe
manner with the tenant in place and that
requires the tenant to vacate the residential real
property for at least 30 days.
25. No-Fault | Just Cause Evictions
“Substantially remodel” does NOT mean:
• Cosmetic improvements, including
painting, decorating, and minor repairs, or
other work that can be performed safely
without having the residential real
property vacated, do not qualify as
substantial rehabilitation.
26. Relocation Benefits for No-Fault Just Cause
If you terminate for No-Fault Just Cause, you must pay relocation
benefits
How do I pay relocation benefits?
• Rent Waiver
• Equal to one month of the rent in effect on the date of the notice
of termination.
• Written waiver of payment must be provided to tenant prior to
the rent due date.
• Notice of termination should provide the amount of the rent
waiver and state that no rent is due for the last month of tenancy.
• Pay Relocation Benefits
• Equal to one month of the rent in effect on the date of the notice
of termination.
• Must be paid to tenant within 15 calendar days of the service of
notice of termination.
27. Relocation Benefits for No-Fault Just Cause
What happens if I do not pay relocation
benefits?
• Failure to pay relocation benefits or
provide a rent waiver a will void the notice
of termination of tenancy.
What does this mean?
• The tenants do NOT have to move!
28. Notice Requirements
Termination notice must explain the “just cause” and
rent cap protections.
• Tenancy existed prior to July 1, 2020:
• Written notice provided no later than August 1,
2020, or
• An addendum to the lease or rental agreement.
• Tenancy commenced or renewed on or after July 1,
2020:
• Notice must be provided as an addendum to the
lease or rental agreement, or
• Written notice signed by the tenant with a copy
provided to the tenant.
29. Notice Requirements
Notice Must state: “California law limits the
amount your rent can be increased. See Section
1947.12 of the Civil Code for more information.
California law also provides that after all of the
tenants have continuously and lawfully occupied
the property for 12 months or more or at least one
of the tenants has continuously and lawfully
occupied the property for 24 months or more, a
landlord must provide a statement of cause in any
notice to terminate a tenancy. See Section 1946.2
of the Civil Code for more information.”